『壹』 初二上学期英语语法全部
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:
What color do you like best? (所有颜色)
你最喜爱什么颜色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围)
你最喜爱哪一种颜色?
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国?
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:
always(总是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,经常)
sometimes(有时候)
never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置:
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.
大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:
Never have I been there.
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7:10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活动是什么?
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法:
用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。
He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提问:1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问:1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如:
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如:
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如:
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如:
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
5.在以下结构中:
enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
『贰』 初中二年级英语上册的语法总结,要详细的,谢谢!
呵呵 lz要的语法我有很多喔
太多了上传不来啊
楼主追问发个邮箱给我哈 我传语法给你捏~
希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
『叁』 初二上册英语语法总结
新目标八年级(上)英语复习提纲
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【语言目标】
What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beach
How often do you eat vegetables? Every day. Most students do homework every day.
【应掌握的词组】
1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾
3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯
9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同
11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响
15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though虽然
17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查
21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do house work做家务事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for对什么有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家
31. of course = certainly = sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩
33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康 36.be stressed紧张的,有压力的
37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回来
【应掌握的句子】
1. How often do you exercise? 你(你们)多久锻炼一次身体?
How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),(在这里助动
词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用)与一般现在时或一般过去时连用,回答一般是用表示频率的副词
,如:once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week ,
twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。
2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”
“周末你通常做什么?”“我通常踢足球。”
第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个do则是实义动词。
3. “What’s your favorite program?” “It’s Animal World.” “你最喜欢什么节目?”“动物世界。”
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于;关于”,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”;
want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。
6. She says it’s good for my health.
be good for...表示“对……有益(有好处)”;其反义为:be bad for...。(这里for 是介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词)
7. How many hours do you sleep every night?
8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits are pretty good .pretty相当于very 。
10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。
11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
better是well的比较级,而不是good的比较级
13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? =Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle
or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from …
14. What sports do you play ?
15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eat less meat .
try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级
17. That sounds interesting.
这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell
(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得),get
(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。
Unit 2 What’s the matter?
【语言目标】
What’s the matter? I have a headache.
You should drink some tea. The sounds like a good idea.
I have a sore back. That’s too bad . I hope you feel better soon.
【应掌握的词组】
1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱,齐头并进
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What’s the matter? 怎么了? = What’s the trouble (with you)? = What’s your trouble?
= What’s wrong (with you)? = What’ the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙医 9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 11.That’s a good idea 好主意
12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了 13.I think so 我认为如此
14. I’m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服 = I’m not feeling fine/all right.
= I’m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I don’t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息 16. I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力尽 18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和 22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛
23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡 24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康 = keep healthy = keep in good health = keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴,过得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物, enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth.练习做某事, mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事, give up doing sth.放弃做某事,
can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )
be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献 go on doing sth. 继续做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花(时间)来做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)来更愿意(做...)
28. at the moment = now 此刻 29. Host family 东道家庭
30. Conversation practice会话练习 31. I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过
【应掌握的句子】
1. What’s the matter? I have a bad cold.
2.Maybe you should see a dentist.
3.I hope you feel better soon.
4.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.
5.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 6.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
7.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.
8.When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night.
9.I believe him, but I can’t believe in him.
10.I am not feeling very well at the moment.
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches.
11.I’m stressed out because my Mandarin isn’t improving.
12.I practice playing the piano every day.
13.She had finished writing the letter when I went in.
14.The doctor asked him to give up smoking.
15.Do you mind closing the window?
16.Mary couldn’t help laughing at his jokes.
17.They kept working though it was raining.
【内容较多,不能全部复制下来。亲,留下邮箱,我发文件给你,很详细,还有定语从句之类的专项讲解 ——逆夏000】
『肆』 初二上学期英语,都包含哪些语法知识
初二第一学期UNIT ONE英语语法总结
1.how often...?
1)How often do you read English? I read English every day.
每隔一天=每两天 every other day = every two days
每三、四、五天 every three/four/five days
eg.The Olympic Games are held every four years.
2)How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies once a month.
一月两次twice a month 一月三次 times a month 一月两三次two or three times a month
2.sometimes的位置
3.pretty 漂亮 (注意和quiet 相当 的区分)
4. 5种how的疑问句
5.Do you have the same lifestyle as them? (the same ... as 的用法)
No,mine is different from theirs. (be different from 的用法)
6.may be 与maybe
May be kate knows the answer.
=Kate may know the answer.
=Perhaps Kate knows the answer.
7.try tries tried trying
try to do something 尽力、设法做某事
try doing something 试着做某事
try one's best to do something 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
8.keep in good health = stay in good health
『伍』 初中二年级英语(新目标)语法重点
一般过去式
『陆』 初二英语上的所有语法点
1nbsp;(seenbsp;、hearnbsp;、noticenbsp;、findnbsp;、feelnbsp;、listennbsp;tonbsp;、nbsp;looknbsp;atnbsp;(感官动词)+nbsp;donbsp;egnbsp;:Inbsp;likenbsp;watchingnbsp;monkeysnbsp;jumpnbsp;2nbsp;(比较级nbsp;andnbsp;比较级)nbsp;表示越来越怎么样nbsp;3nbsp;anbsp;piecenbsp;ofnbsp;cakenbsp;=easynbsp;小菜一碟(容易)nbsp;4nbsp;agreenbsp;withnbsp;sbnbsp;赞成某人nbsp;5nbsp;allnbsp;kindsnbsp;ofnbsp;各种各样nbsp;anbsp;kindnbsp;ofnbsp;一样nbsp;6nbsp;allnbsp;overnbsp;thenbsp;worldnbsp;=nbsp;thenbsp;wholenbsp;worldnbsp;整个nbsp;世界nbsp;7nbsp;alongnbsp;withnbsp;同……一道,伴随……nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Inbsp;willnbsp;gonbsp;alongnbsp;withnbsp;younbsp;我将和你一起去nbsp;thenbsp;studentsnbsp;plantednbsp;treesnbsp;alongnbsp;withnbsp;theirnbsp;teachersnbsp;学生同老师们一起种树nbsp;8nbsp;Asnbsp;soonnbsp;asnbsp;一怎么样就怎么样nbsp;9nbsp;asnbsp;younbsp;cannbsp;seenbsp;你是知道的nbsp;10nbsp;asknbsp;fornbsp;……求助nbsp;向…要…(直接接想要的东西)nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;asknbsp;younbsp;fornbsp;mynbsp;booknbsp;11nbsp;asknbsp;sbnbsp;fornbsp;sthnbsp;向某人什么nbsp;12nbsp;asknbsp;sbnbsp;tonbsp;donbsp;sthnbsp;询问某人某事nbsp;asknbsp;sbnbsp;notnbsp;tonbsp;donbsp;叫某人不要做某事nbsp;13nbsp;atnbsp;thenbsp;agenbsp;ofnbsp;在……岁时nbsp;eg:Inbsp;amnbsp;sixteennbsp;Inbsp;amnbsp;atnbsp;thenbsp;agenbsp;ofnbsp;sixteennbsp;14nbsp;atnbsp;thenbsp;beginningnbsp;ofnbsp;……nbsp;……的起初;……的开始nbsp;15nbsp;atnbsp;thenbsp;endnbsp;ofnbsp;+地点/+时间nbsp;最后;尽头;末尾nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Atnbsp;thenbsp;endnbsp;ofnbsp;thenbsp;daynbsp;16nbsp;atnbsp;thisnbsp;timenbsp;ofnbsp;yearnbsp;在每年的这个时候nbsp;17nbsp;benbsp;/feelnbsp;confidentnbsp;ofnbsp;sthnbsp;/thatnbsp;clausenbsp;+从句nbsp;感觉/对什么有信心,自信nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Inbsp;amnbsp;/nbsp;feelnbsp;confidentnbsp;ofnbsp;mynbsp;spokennbsp;Englishnbsp;Inbsp;feelnbsp;thatnbsp;Inbsp;cannbsp;passnbsp;thenbsp;testnbsp;18nbsp;benbsp;+nbsp;doingnbsp;表:1nbsp;现在进行时nbsp;2nbsp;将来时nbsp;19nbsp;benbsp;ablenbsp;tonbsp;(+nbsp;vnbsp;原)nbsp;=nbsp;cannbsp;(+nbsp;vnbsp;原)nbsp;能够……nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Shenbsp;isnbsp;ablenbsp;tonbsp;singnbsp;Shenbsp;cannbsp;singnbsp;20nbsp;benbsp;ablenbsp;tonbsp;donbsp;sthnbsp;能够干什么nbsp;egnbsp;:shenbsp;isnbsp;ablenbsp;tonbsp;singnbsp;21nbsp;benbsp;afraidnbsp;tonbsp;donbsp;(ofnbsp;sthnbsp;)nbsp;恐惧,害怕……nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;I‘mnbsp;afraednbsp;tonbsp;gonbsp;outnbsp;atnbsp;nightnbsp;I‘mnbsp;afraidnbsp;ofnbsp;dognbsp;22nbsp;benbsp;allowednbsp;tonbsp;donbsp;被允许做什么nbsp;eg:nbsp;I‘mnbsp;allowednbsp;tonbsp;watchnbsp;TVnbsp;我被允许看电视nbsp;Inbsp;shouldnbsp;benbsp;allowednbsp;tonbsp;watchnbsp;TVnbsp;我应该被允许看电视nbsp;23nbsp;benbsp;angrynbsp;withnbsp;sbnbsp;生某人的气nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Don‘tnbsp;benbsp;angrynbsp;withnbsp;menbsp;24nbsp;benbsp;angrynbsp;with(at)nbsp;sbnbsp;fornbsp;doingnbsp;sthnbsp;为什么而生某人的气nbsp;25nbsp;benbsp;as…原级…asnbsp;和什么一样nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Shenbsp;isnbsp;asnbsp;tallnbsp;asnbsp;menbsp;她和我一样高nbsp;26nbsp;benbsp;ashamednbsp;tonbsp;27nbsp;benbsp;awaynbsp;fromnbsp;远离nbsp;28nbsp;benbsp;awaynbsp;fromnbsp;从……离开nbsp;29nbsp;benbsp;badnbsp;fornbsp;对什么有害nbsp;egnbsp;:nbsp;Readingnbsp;booksnbsp;innbsp;thenbsp;sunnbsp;isnbsp;badnbsp;fornbsp;yournbsp;eyesnbsp;在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好nbsp;30nbsp;benbsp;bornnbsp;出生于nbsp;31nbsp;benbsp;busynbsp;doingnbsp;sthnbsp;忙于做什么事nbsp;benbsp;busynbsp;withnbsp;sthnbsp;忙于……nbsp;32nbsp;benbsp;carefulnbsp;当心;小心nbsp;33nbsp;benbsp;differentnbsp;from……nbsp;和什么不一样nbsp;34nbsp;benbsp;famousnbsp;fornbsp;以……著名nbsp;35nbsp;benbsp;friendlynbsp;tonbsp;sbnbsp;对某人友好nbsp;36nbsp;benbsp;fromnbsp;=nbsp;comenbsp;fromnbsp;来自nbsp;egnbsp;:Henbsp;isnbsp;fromnbsp;Bej
『柒』 初二上英语语法总结
1. look pretty 看上去漂亮的
1. taste salty 尝起来咸的
2. feel tight 感觉有些紧
3. smell sour 闻上去酸的
4. sound noisy 听上去吵闹的
5. so much food 这么多食物
6. get the food ready把食物准备好
7. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
8. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
9. shake hands 握手
10. last message 上个信息
11. be proud of sb. 为某人自豪
12. have a party 开聚会
13. the first time 第一次
14. family member 家庭成员
15. say hello to sb.与某人问好
16. have a try 试一试
17. introce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给
18. get angry with sb. 对某人生气
19. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事.
20. be excited about doing sth.做某事感到兴奋
21. do something wrong 做错事
22. ride a bicycle 骑自行车
23. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
24. make cookies 做小甜饼
25. What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了?
26. What’ she like? 她为人怎样?
27. What does she look like? 她长的怎样?
feel (感觉,摸起来)
sound(听起来)
look(看上去)
28.主语+感官动词(连系动词) seem (好象) +adj.
smell(闻起来)
taste (吃起来)
keep (保持)
become / get/ turn (变得)
Mole 8
1. around town 环城之行
2. go along 沿着---走
3. turn left/ right into---向左/右转
4. on the corner of (在街道)拐角处
5. between---and---在----和----之间
6. on the left of---在---的左边
7. opposite the market 在市场的对面
8. by boat 乘船
9. take boat 乘船
10. on a clear day 在晴朗的日子里
11. the way to -------的路
12. the best way 最好的方法
13. get off 下(车, 船)
14. go past 走过
15. go for a walk 散步
16. buy things you need 买你需要的东西
17. go swimming 去游泳
18. get something to eat 买些吃的东西
19. be full of 装满了---
20. most of 大多数
21. at the ticket office 在售票处
22. follow it on the map
23. Where is the park?
How can I get to the park?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Is there a park near here?
Do you know the way to the park?
Mole 9
1.濒危动物: animals in danger
2.需要做某事: need to do
3.没有喝水: without drinking
4.了解: learn about…
5.令人惊奇的事情:: the surprising thing
6.很吃惊地干某事: be surprised to do sth
7.干某事很悲伤: It’s sad to do sth
8.为了…而杀死: kill…for…
9.停止捕杀很难: It’s hard to stop killing
10.没有地方住: no places to live in
11.没有足够吃的食物no enough food to eat
12.这水不好喝: The water isn’t good to drink
13.带走它: take it away
14.住在森林里: live in the forests
15.决定不做某事: decide not to do
16:变得很严峻: become very serious
17.以…为生: live on…
18.照顾: look after (them, her…)
19.有足够住的地方:enough places to live in
20.越来越少的土地居住 less and less land to live on
21.制定计划: make a plan
22.生长得更好:grow better
23.最著名的科学家: the best-known scientist
24.以 而闻名: be famous for…
25.的标志(象征) the symbol of…
26.想起 think of…
27.考虑: think about (it)
28.例如: for example / such as…
29.几乎没有熊猫 very few pandas.
30.也,同样 as well as…
31.你真是太好了干某事 It’s really nice of you to do sth…
32.向某人展示某物show sb about sth..
33.干某事的一个计划: a plan to do sth…
34.设计海报 design a poster
35.保持…干净: keep sth clean
36.保持地球的干净: keep the Earth clean
37.砍伐森林: cut down the forests
38.污染河流: pollute the rivers
39.为某人而工作: work for sb
40.在野外: in the wild
41.究竟 : on earth
42.听到那个消息很难过:I’m sorry to hear that.
43.使得某人发狂: make sb mad
44: 把它变脏: make it dirty
45. 查找它: find it out
46.和平地生存:live in peace.
47.自然保护区: nature reserve
48.最后: at last
49.干某事是有趣的: It’s interesting to do
50.需要保护: need to protect…
51.变得稀少: become rare
52.最濒危的动物之一one of the animals most in danger
53.出生: be born
54.由于许多不同的原因:for many different reasons
Mole 10
1. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
2. watch a performance of 看----的演出
3. the center of the neighbourhood 居住地的中心
4. say goodbye to sb. 向某人说再见
5. the Qing Dynasty 清朝
6. the Anti-Japanese War 抗日战争
7. send sb. to some place 送/派某人去某地
8. the Teacher’s School 师范学校
9. from – to – 从----到----
10. be named 被命名为
11. people’s artist 人民的艺术家
12. great Master of Language 语言大师
13. folk music 民歌
14. magic shows 魔术表演
15. at the teahouse 在茶馆
16. enjoy sth. 从某事得到乐趣
17. the twentieth century 二十世纪
18. give a wonderful welcome 热烈欢迎
19. take place 发生
20. make them study hard 使他们努力学习
21. fall in love with sb. 与某人相爱
22. marry sb. 娶了/嫁给某人
23. the best part of the film 电影最好的部分
24. the name of ----的名字
25. more than one meaning 不止一个意思
26. the same dream 相同的梦想
27. Beijing Children’s Art Theatre 北京儿童艺术剧院
28. a gold medal 金牌
29. somebody else 别的人
30. a well-known poet 著名的诗人
31. a writer for TV, opera and drama 一位集电视剧,歌剧及戏剧创作于一身的作家
32. finish doing sth 结束做某事
33. be good for 对---有利
34. understand their children better 更好的了解孩子
35. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
36. make a decision 做出决定
Mole 11
1. The Spring Festival 春节
2. at the moment 现在
3. depend on 根据---而定/ 依靠
4. find out 找出,查明
5. choose carefully 仔细挑选
6. the places to see 要看的地方
7. in winter 在冬天
8. change colour 改变颜色
9. in the northwest 在西北
10. remember to do sth 记得干某事
11. freezing cold 非常冷
12. from time to time 时常
13. take an umbrella 带把雨伞
14. for a long time 长时间
15. on holiday 度假
16. best of all 最好的是
17. start to do sth. 开始做某事
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【应掌握的词组】
1. go to the movies 去看电影
2. look after = take care of 照顾
3. surf the internet 上网
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去划板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼
8. eating habits 饮食习惯
9. take more exercise 做更多的运动
10. the same as 与什么相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周两次
14. make a difference to 对什么有影响
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though虽然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
19. as for至于
20. activity survey活动调查
21. do homework做家庭作业
22. do house work做家务事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 对什么有益
26. be bad for对什么有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 尽量做某事
30. come home from school放学回家
31. of course = certainly = sure当然
32. get good grades取得好成绩
33. some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed紧张的,有压力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回来
Unit 2 What’s the matter?
【应掌握的词组】
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱,齐头并进
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What’s the matter? 怎么了?
= What’s the trouble (with you)?
= What’s your trouble?
= What’s wrong (with you)?
= What’ the matter (with you)?
=What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙医
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
11.That’s a good idea 好主意
12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我认为如此
14. I’m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服
= I’m not feeling fine/all right.
= I’m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don’t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力尽
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和
22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛
23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康
=keep healthy=keep in good health
= keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴,过得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time
= have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth.练习做某事,
mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事,
give up doing sth.放弃做某事,
can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )
be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献
go on doing sth. 继续做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花(时间)来做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)来更愿意(做...)
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 东道家庭
30. Conversation practice会话练习
31. I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过
初二语法复习
1. so+谓语+主语:…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词
2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...请随便吃点...
4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.
完全不同意I really don’t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原则
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原则
既....又...both…and….谓语用复数
7. 看起来,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由于...而闻名be famous for….
更详细的语法可以看这里:)
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
参考资料:http://..com/question/59050572.html
『捌』 初二上册英语语法
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围)
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常) often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如: Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如: Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。 5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么? 6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义) 2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来: a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如: I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。 e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。 3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做) The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
『玖』 英语初二上册语法
英语初二上册语法:
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:
What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围)
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国?
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:
always(总是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,经常)
sometimes(有时候)
never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置:
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:
Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day作状语,译为“每一天”。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7:10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么?
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做);
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如:
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如:
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法:
用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
You are nice.(通顺,所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提问:1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如:
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如:
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如:
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如:
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball?
5.在以下结构中:
enjoy doing sth乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如:
he,she, it,my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式
名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
I 名词复数的规则变化
1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如:
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---deskstree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。如:
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es。如:
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。如:
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。如:
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是:
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名词复数的不规则变化
1.将-oo改为--ee。如:
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.将-man改为-men。如:
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加词尾。如:
child---children
4.单复数同形。如:
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。如:
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如:
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
初中阶段常见的有以下这些:
1.let→letting让 hit→hitting打、撞
cut→cutting切、割get→getting取、得到
sit→sitting坐 forget→forgetting忘记
put→putting放 set→setting设置
babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿
2.shop→shopping购物trip→tripping绊
stop→stopping停止 drop→dropping放弃
3.travel→travel(l)ing旅游swim→swimming游泳
run→running跑步dig→digging挖、掘
begin→beginning开始prefer→preferring 宁愿
plan→planning 计划
『拾』 初二上册英语重点语法有哪些
不持之以恒,英语就学不会,这是因为英语是一门十分注重积累的学科。如果能接受这个观点,那你就要持之以恒,否则学习无效………………我是一个高考的过来人。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理:英语很差不可怕,可怕的是你从一开始便接受自己是一个英语差生的“事实”!!!!!虽然我高考已经好多年了,而且今年即将大学毕业,踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢,英语一直是我的排头兵!我对英语的自信还有,我觉得学好英语不难,重要的是你要有恒心,急躁冒进,三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧: 首先先你要端正心态,不要急躁,不管别人考多少分,你做你自己的事,这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路,做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实,英语是单词和语法的综合,所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次,对于单词,有如下几种方法,第一个,是加强记忆的频度,也就是说,早上记了几个,隔几个小时又看一次,总之一天之内,记忆的间隔不要太长,否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化,第二个,是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜,比如good morning 是狗摸你…(见笑了)…,第三个,最重要的是,记单词的时候,不要忘了阅读,一边记单词,一边看文章,这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来,记忆的效果会加倍,第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆,要形成一个意群,比如,重要性用magnitude magnificence ,表示非常,大大地有exceedingly,tremendously,extremely……这样做在你写作时,是十分有好处的,写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇,你要写高级词汇,比如重要性写magnitude,许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。再次,是语法。学习语法,首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补,什么是系动词,什么是直接宾语,间接宾语,这些是学习语法的基础,语法是房子,主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦 此外,对于完形填空以及阅读理解,那就只能靠平时的练习了,在这个过程中,你要时时总结,纵深对比,千万不要陷入题海战术只做题,不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中,你把各种体型都总结了一遍,积累了丰富的经验,而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度,一举两得,所以做题是很重要的!其实,完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析,也就是说,做完形填空你的语法要好,而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配,短语,特殊用法等,完形填空的语法还是很重要的!对于阅读,我个人感觉是,纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题,只有保证一定的练习量,你才能用质的提高!最后,我建议你,平时读报,或者做题的时候,发现有好的句子好的词汇,你要抄下来,长期下来,你的作文会有提高的,需要说明的是,这个提高过程可能很缓慢,但是最后能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别,靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇,句型,句子。我个人的理解是,在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上,作文便应该以词汇取胜,因为在这个层次上,大家的语法都差不多,没什么变化,唯一有变化的就是你的词汇!给你打个比方吧,很多想到“许多”就用many,但是你别忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable;很多人想到“专家”就写expert,但很少人会想到specialist,很多人在想到“擅长”这词,就写be good at ,却不知还有更高级的表达法:be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才,就体现在这些细微的差别