高一年英语语法及短语

Ⅰ 英语高一语法和句子结构有哪些

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连.非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰.其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing短语： 正在做….的人/正在发生的事.2. 被修饰名词+ done短语： 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语.1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面.如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面.2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生.V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因.先行词在从句中做宾语.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员._____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动.用done做定语.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根据句意房子即将开工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根据句意：比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语.与全句动作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说：三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作.答案：B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩.先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money：用这笔钱买火车票.关系词前面需要加介词：with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了.devote….to sth.关系词前加介词：to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day ：先行词the day在从句中做时间状语：在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会.5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容：明天即将被讨论的问题.应当用不定式的被动结构做定语.6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定语表示：正在被……的…….7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示：正在大树下看书的那位老师.情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点：情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用：(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测.can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测.根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”.用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测.对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构.(二)对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测：结构：情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”.这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法.表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反.表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气.其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构.根据要表达的意思

Ⅱ 高一英语语法归纳及短语用法

How are you getting to the airport? 一般现在时表示时刻表的将来 My plane leaves at seven this evening. 21. go on separate holidays 分别去度假 22. in a few days' time = in a few days =a few days later 几天后 after 和 in 的区分 23. go off to ; be off to 动身去 leave for; 24. see sb off 给某人送行 meet sb 接某人 25. take a taxi to 乘出租车 go to ...by taxi 26. have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快 27. say "Hi" to sb. for me 代我向某人问好 give my regards to sb remember me to sb. 28. The same to you. 我也祝愿你。 对比: It's the same with... ...也一样 It's all the same to sb 对某人而言是一样的。 I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have. 29. in the past 在过去 in the old days 30. at present 目前; at the present time; nowadays 31. in the future 在未来;将来 in future 以后 32. used to do sth 过去常做某事 be used to do sth 被用来做 be used for (doing) sth be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于 get used to doing INTEGRATING SKILLS 33. combine…with… 把…和…结合起来 (为了共同目的合并) connect...with/to... 把...和...连接起来 (通过媒介物连接) link...with/to join...to... (直接连接) 34. on (the) one hand… , on the other hand … 一方面…, 另一方面.. 35. so that = in order that 为了…; 以便… 36. learn about 了解; 学习有关…知识 37. as well as =and 也; 又;以及 as well = too 38. by doing sth... 通过作某事 by means of doing 39. make money 挣钱; 赚钱 earn money 40. the four of you 你们四个人 four of you 你们其中的四个人 41. prepare ( sth) for... 为…做准备... get ready for prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备 be well prepared (for); 为...做好了充分的准备=be ready for make preparations for 为...做准备 42. make notes 做笔记 take notes WORKBOOK 43. take off (飞机)起飞;脱掉(衣帽鞋) 44. go on holiday 去度假 go to (a place) for a holiday INTEGRATING SKILLS 45. fill…with… 给…充满… be filled with; be full of 充满了 46. the way (in which/that) + 定语从句 the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法 47. catch up with 赶上 keep up with 跟上;不落后 48. reach out (for sth) 伸手去(拿,碰) 49. pay attention to 注意 focus one's attention on call /draw/attract one's attention to 吸引某人的注意力于 WRITING 50. give away 赠送, 放弃, 泄漏(机密) give up 放弃 give in (to sb) 屈服 give out 分发;发出(光,热,气,味等) give off 发出(光,热,气,味等) 51. come up with 提出;想到(主意); Unit 4 必会习语 WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING 1. talk about 谈论; 议论 talk with sb; talk of 提到 2. host the 2008 Olympic Games 举办2000年奥运会 3. take place = come about; happen 发生 4. be caught in (a rain; a traffic jam; the earthquake) 偶然遇上(雨,交通堵塞,地震等) 5. create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 编对话 6. play tennis 打网球 7. for fun = as a joke 开玩笑的;不是认真的;为了取乐的 8. I hope so. I hope not. 9. shout /call for help 呼救 10. go on (a) holiday 去度假 go to...for a holiday on holiday 在度假 11. on fire 着火 catch fire 着火;set fire to=set...on fire 纵火 make fire 生火 12. I'm afraid of +n. 害怕 I'm afraid that... 担心 I'm afraid to do sth 不敢做某事 I'm afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I'm afraid so. 恐怕是这样 I'm afraid not. 恐怕不会。 THE RESCUE 13. a natural disaster 自然灾害 14. hear/see sb. doing sth 听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/ see sb do sth 听见/看见某人做过某事 (五看二听一感觉) 15. look around 环顾; 四处看 16. advance towards 朝…前进 17. before +从句 还没来得及... 18. be upon 逼近; 临近 19. sweep sb down 把...冲到了 20. drag 拖拉(重物);(比较艰难缓慢,有阻力) drag oneself along 拖着沉重的步子走 pull 拉;扯 (应用范围比较广) pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉开门 pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起来;拉上来 draw 拉(比较从容、平稳不费力) draw one's attention 吸引注意;draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw back 后退 draw money from bank 从银行取钱 draw near 就要来临;逼近 21. get on one's feet (艰难的)站起来 get up; stand up 22. hold on to 抓住 23. pull up 拉起来; 拉上来 24. against the wall 倚着墙 25. fight for 为…而战 struggle for 为…而斗争 26. look into 往…里面看; 浏览; 调查 look into one's eyes 注视着某人 stare at; fix one's eyes on; look sb in the mirror 照镜子 look sb up and down 上下打量某人 20. with a look of fright 害怕的; 恐惧的 21. around the corner 即将来临,on its way; draw near; in store 22. cut down 砍倒;削减 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断 cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 删除;剪下来 cut away 剪掉 23. three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep 24. sweep away (风) 吹走; (浪) 卷走; sweep down 吹倒; 席卷; 冲倒 25. work out 计算出;想出(办法);制定(计划); work at 从事;致力于 work on 继续工作;从事于 26. refer to 指的是; 谈到;提到;查阅 WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 定语从句:限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句 27. strike,普通用词,"打一下;打几下",不一定有意;"敲钟"。 hit,"击中,打,对准",着重敲打或打击对方的某一点 beat,连续的打击; 如殴打或体罚等;游戏竞赛战争中击败 knock 敲;打 ;撞击 27. advance the deadline 提前最后期限; 28.pull at/on 拉一下 29. seize an opportunity/chance 抓住机会 = grasp/take/grab... chance 可能性 U.n. & C.n There is a chance/no chance of sb doing sth that 从句 The chances /chances are that... 可能... by chance 偶然 30. (区分:pay; cost; spend; take) sb pay money for sth sth cost sb money sb spend money on sth; sb spend time/money in doing sth It takes sb time to do sth 31. in town 在城里 in the country(side) 在乡下 go to town 进城 go to the country(side) 下乡 INTEGRATING SKILLS 32.take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 给…照相 33. in a second = in a very shore time 34. a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行 35. the next morning 第二天早上 WORKBOOK 36. on the morning of April 18th, 1906 37. as a result of 由于…的结果 as a consequence of 34. A +动词/be + ten times larger than+B 比…大十倍 A +动词/be +ten times as large as+B 是…的十倍 A +动词/be +ten times the size of+B 是…的十倍 (number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age) Unit 5 必会习语 SPEAKING 1. while still a student = while she was still a student 还是个学生的时候(状语从句的省略现象) (you) Don't talk while (you are) eating. When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful. The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible. I won't go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited. 2. play/act a role 扮演角色 play the role of... play a part/role in... 在...中起作用 3. after graating/graation (from...) 毕业以后 4. work as an actress 做演员 5. ring/in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代 6. win a prize 获奖 win a game/a battle/honour beat/defeat sb 打败某人 win sb. 把某人争取过来 7. get married (to sb); 结婚(瞬间)=marry sb. be married (to sb) 结婚(延续) 7. in the beginning = at first 开始的时候 反义;in the end = at last; finally; eventually 最后 8. make money 赚钱 earn money GETTING TO KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG 9. make a film /blockbuster/follow-ups 拍电影/巨片/续集 10. The reason……is that….. 原因是… This is because... 这是因为... for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons the reason for +n./doing sth the reason why/ for which... 定语从句 reason 与 cause 的区别 cause of the fire/accident 11. work on 从事于; 制作 12. take off 起飞;脱掉;很快上升; 开始流行/畅销 13. by the sea 在海边; by sea 乘船; in the sea 在海里 on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上;航海中;茫然 14. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid that 担心;恐怕 15. come from outer space 来自外部空间 16. cut/tear…into pieces 把…切/撕成碎片 cut/tear ... into halves 把...切/撕成两半 17. do research (in/into...) 搞研究 18. go wrong 出错;出故障;走错道 do a little wrong 19. in the end 最后;终于 at the end of在…末尾/尽头 by the end of 到…末为止 19. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龙 20. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把…归功于;感谢;欠(债) WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 21. can't help doing sth 情不自禁, 忍不住做某事 can't help do sth 不能帮忙做某事 22. pass the exam 考试及格 fail (in) the exam 考试不及格 NOT ONE LESS 23. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三岁小姑娘 a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age; a girl aged thirteen 24. stay/be away for a month 离开一个月 25. take one's place; take the place of 代替 26. lock …up 把…锁起来 27. run after 追赶; 追求; 追捕 be after 28. escape (from)... 从...逃离 escape from / flee (from) /run away from a country escape doing sth ; escape being caught 没有被抓住 catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth

Ⅲ 高中英语语法知识点短语

不二选择，推荐奥风英语的““高 考语 法三 剑 客”，包括《高考语法完 全突破》视频教回程，大纲答和练习，学记练三件配套使用，效果特佳，网络《 高 考语法完全 突破 》 即可在线收看，可以 先 搜来 看下。

Ⅳ 求高一上学期的英语短语和语法大全（不要百度文库的）

有难度，真的，高一上短语多语法难

Ⅳ 高一英语各单元语法，短语总结

把人间万事去掉

Ⅵ 求英语高手 高一所有英语语法归纳和短语！跪求

我整理了的，不要你什么财富值，希望你采纳，并弄为最佳答案，我做任务，谢谢！