❶ 关于名词的英语语法
数词+名词组合成一个表示“度量”的形容词,意思就是...长的,....宽的,....百个什么什么,....年的,等专等
例句中就是 十里属的...
两百个的...
五年的...
加横线的话就不需要用复数,也可以不加横线,但数量大于1时要加复数s,并且要加表示“...的”的"'s", 例如
one-year=one year's
ten-mile=ten miles'
❷ 人体所有部分的英语名词
http://www.wwenglish.com/t/d/jijin3/listenvocabulary/15598.htm
❸ 英语名词的部分 !!
衣服是男士的,所以用men's clothes,而玩具不是工厂的,所以用toy factory,这个问题不能专牛角尖
❹ 谁能帮我讲讲语法!(名词部分)
魅影安同学,你好:
不知道你是初中生,还是高中生,下面的资料几乎全面讲述了可数名词和不可数名词,如果是高中生,相信会收获颇丰的,如果是初中生,就适当选择阅读。
名词是表示人或物的名称的词,可分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。普通名词由表示某一类人或物的个体的个体名词、表示由若干个体组成的集合体的集体名词、表示无法分为个体的实物的物质名词、以及表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的抽象名词组成;专有名词则是个人、地方、机构、组织等所专有的名称。
1.1 可数名词与不可数名词(Countable nouns and uncountable nouns)
从词的形式来看,英语名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数与不可数是英语名词的最基本类别。一般说来,个体名词是可数名词;物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词是不可数名词;集体名词则有的可数, 有的不可数。
1.1.1 可数名词与不可数名词(Countable nouns and uncountable nouns)
a. 可数名词有单、复数形式,单数形式可用a/ an; 不可数名词没有复数形式,单数形式前不用a/ an,但可用the或不用。例如:
Tom is a little boy.
There are 20 boys in our class.
Fish and poultry are usually not called meat.
I'll pay for the meat.
b. 名词的数影响句子中与之有关的谓语动词、限定词等。例如:
There are many/ some/ a lot of/ (a) few people in the park.
There are not many/ any people in the park.
There is much/ some/ a lot of/ (a) little/ a great deal of/ a fair
amount of water.
There is not much/ any water.
c. 下列名词常用作不可数名词:
accommodation, advice, baggage, behavior, bread, cash, cloth,clothing, coal, equipment, fun, furniture, grass, harm, information, ink, knowledge, labour, laughter, leisure, luck, lightning, living, luggage, machinery, meat, money, news, paper, permission,
popularity, progress, rice, scenery, soap, sugar, tea, traffic, travel, trouble, thunder, weather, work等。
1.1.2 可数名词与不可数名词之间的相互转化(Conversion of uncountable into countable and countable into uncountable) 可数名词与不可数名词在一定条件下可以相互转化。
a. 物质名词一般是不可数的,但用来表示具体、个别事物,或表示各种不同品种时,通常是可数的,如different coffees,
various soaps。再看以下例子:
Do you care for tea?
Long-jing is a well-known tea.
We were not allowed to buy wine at lunch time.
I like wines.
b. 抽象名词一般是不可数的,但当它前后有修饰语表示"某一种"或"某一方面"的抽象概念时,其前可加a/ an。例如:
A good map would be a help.
It was a relief to sit down.
He had a good knowledge of mathematics.
c. 某些物质名词或抽象名词用作复数时,词义往往起变化。例如:
Light(光)travels faster than sound.
The lights(灯)are on.
He is a teacher of five years' experience(经验).
He is relating to us his experiences(经历)as an explorer.
d. 有些集体名词,如audience, committee, class, couple, crew,
family, team, government, jury, party, public等,既可作单数,
又可作复数。把集体视为一个整体时,用作单数;指该集体
的各个成员时,用作复数。例如:
The audience is enormous.
The audience are enjoying every minute of the play.
His family is small.
My family are all doctors.
1.2 复数(Plural)
1.2.1 英语名词的复数构成(Formation of the plural of English nouns)
a. 英语可数名词的规则复数形式,是在词尾加-s。例如:
desks, maps, lakes, workers, fields, days, miles, pages, horses
b. 如词尾为ch, sh, ss或x,在词尾加-es。例如:
church→churches, bush→bushes, class→classes, box→boxes
c. 如词尾为-f或-fe,一般变为-ves; 有的加-s即可;而有的
则既可变为-ves,又可只加-s。例如:
calf→calves, half→halves, knife→knives, leaf→leaves,
life→lives, loaf→loaves, self→selves, shelf→shelves,
thief→thieves, wife→wives, wolf→wolves;
belief→beliefs, chief→chiefs, roof→roofs, safe→safes,
handkerchief→handkerchiefs;
hoof→hooves/ hoofs, scarf→scarves/ scarfs,
wharf→wharves/ wharfs
d. 如词尾为-y,则变y为i,再加-es。例如:
party→parties, factory→factories, family→families
e. 如词尾为o,有的加-es;有的加-s;有的则既可加-es,又可只加-s。例如:
echo→echoes, hero→heroes, potato→potatoes,
tomato→tomatoes;
radio→radios, piano→pianos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos;
buffalo→buffalo(e)s, cargo→cargo(e)s, mosquito→mosquito(e)s,
volcano→volcano(e)s
f. 表示字母、数字及其它词类的复数时,词尾常加-'s,有时只加-s。例如:
Her J's look like T's.
Since the beginning of the 90's, the town has changed a lot.
Don't interrupt me with your buts.
g. 一些不规则变化的名词复数形式:
child→children, foot→feet, goose→geese, man→men,mouse→mice, ox→oxen, tooth→teeth, woman→women
h. 有些以-s结尾的名词通常只有复数形式:
scissors, goods, trousers, clothes, pants, spectacles;belongings, findings, savings, surroundings;contents, mumps, measles, stairs
i. 有些集体名词用作复数:
cattle, police, people, militia, poultry
1.2.2 源自希腊文或拉丁文的外来词(Words of Greek or Latin origin)
一些外来词有以下的复数变化形式:
a. 词尾-is变成-es: analysis→analyses, basis→bases,crisis→crises
b. 词尾-um变成-a:
curriculum(课程)→curricula, datum(资料,数据)→data, medium(媒体)→media
c. 词尾-on变成-a:
criterion(标准)→criteria/ criterions , phenomenon→phenomena
d. 词尾-us变成-i:
nucleus→nuclei, stimulus→stimuli, syllabus(教学大纲)→syllabi
e. 词尾-a变成-ae:
antenna(天线)→antennae/ antennas,
formula(准则,公式)→formulae
f. 词尾-ix/ -ex变成-ices:
appendix(附录)→appendices, index(索引)→indices/ indexes
1.2.3 具有两种不同意义的复数形式(Two forms of the plural with
differentiated meaning)
有些名词的复数具有两种不同意思,一个与单数的意思相同,另一个则为别的意思。例如:
arms手臂(复数);武器
customs习惯(复数);关税
minutes 分钟(复数);记录
1.2.4 单数形式(Singular form)
a. 有的名词单复数同形:
Chinese, Japanese, deer, sheep, means, series, species,以及jin
(斤)、li(里)、yuan(元)等汉语译名。例如:
one sheep/ two sheep
b. 有些以-s结尾的学科名词或国名,作单数用:
phonetics(语音学),physics,optics(光学),politics;
the United States, the United Nations, the Netherlands等。
c. 有些和数词连用的名词,表示复数时仍保持单数形式:
a ten-pound baby, a twelve-foot pole, two dozen eggs,
three million dollars
1.2.5 复合名词(Compound nouns)
a. 句法复合名词的复数形式:
1)词尾加-s: bedrooms, bookcases
2)前后两个名词均需变为复数:
manservant→menservants, woman doctor→women doctors
3)少数复合名词可在第一或第二个词后加-s:
attorney general→attorneys general/ attorney generals
4)名词后加-s:
looker-on→lookers-on, son-in-law→sons-in-law
5)词尾加-s: grown-up→grown-ups,sit-in→sit-ins
6)动词-ing形式后加-s: coming-in→comings-in
b. 衔头、称谓的复数形式:
the two Browns, Drs.William and Henry Brown
1.3 单位名词(Unit nouns)
单位名词用来表示不可数名词的个体性,即使之能以个数计算;也能与可数名词搭配表示"一双","一群"等意义。除了搭配能力很强的piece和bit以外,还有表示形状、容积、重量以及表示成双、成群的单位名词。例如:
a piece/ bit of advice/ bread/ information/ news;
a bar of chocolate/ a cake of soap/ a loaf of bread/ a pack of cigarettes;
a bag of flour/ a basket of fruit/ a pound of butter/ a yard of fabric;
a couple of players/ a flock of birds/ a pair of shoes/ a swarm of bees等。
1.4 名词属格(Genitive nouns)
英语名词有两种属格:-'s属格和of-属格。例如:
What is the school's name?
What is the name of the school?
1.4.1 -'s属格和of-属格(-s genitive and of genitive)
a. 两种属格表示的意义
1)所有关系:
Mr Brown's suitcase (相当于Mr Brown has a suitcase.)
the trunk of an elephant (相当于An elephant has a trunk.)
2)主谓关系:
Dr Smith's answer (相当于Dr Smith answered---)
the claim of the buyers (相当于The buyers claimed---)
3)动宾关系:
the boy's punishment (相当于--- punished the boy.)
the occupation of the Island (相当于--- occupied the island.)
4)事物的来源:
the girl's story (相当于a story told by the girl)
the laws of Newton (相当于the laws advanced by Newton)
5)事物的类别:
a doctor's degree (相当于a doctoral degree)
women's magazines (相当于magazines for women)
6)同位关系:
the city of New York (相当于New York is a city.)
the pleasure of meeting you (相当于Meeting you is a pleasure.)
7)其它:
10 days' absence/ an absence of 10 days
(相当于The absence lasted 10 days.)
parts of the problem
(相当于The problem is divisible into parts.)
b. -'s属格的使用:
1)主要用于表示有生命的名词,如women's clothes, the horse's
mouth等。
2)用于国家机关、社团及一些地理名称,如the government's
plan, Europe's future等。
3)用于交通工具等,如the ship's bell, the car's engine 等。
4)用于表示时间、距离、价值和重量的名词,如a moment's
thought, seven hours' walk, six dollars' worth, two tons' weight
等。
5)常用于一些习惯用语中,如in my mind's eye, in life's
struggle等。
c. of-属格的使用:
主要用于表示无生命的名词,如the events of the decade, the
door of the hut等。
d. -'s属格的省略:
-'s属格后的名词有以下情况可以省略:
1)被修饰名词在句中已出现过,例如:
His car is faster than his father's (car).
2)被修饰名词表示某人的家,例如:
The doctor's (house) is on the other side of the street.
3)被修饰名词表示教堂、学校等公共建筑物,例如:
Joe lives near St. Paul's (Cathedral) in London.
4)被修饰名词表示某家店铺,例如:
Pickled vegetables are available at the grocer's.
1.4.2 双重属格(Double genitive)
兼有两种属格结构的后置修饰语叫做双重属格。
a. 双重属格用来表示的所有关系是人,不是物。例如:
a/ any friend of mine (=one/ any of my friends)
some daughters of Mrs Green's
(=some of Mrs Green's daughters)
two novels of Dickens' (=two of Dickens' novels)
上面的例子说明,双重属格可用a, any, some 及数词等修饰of
短语前面的名词,但不能用the,如不能说" the daughters of
Mrs Green's"。
b. 双重属格还常用this,that,these 和those 修饰of短语前面的名词, 以表示爱憎褒贬等情感。例如:
this idea of yours
that remark of David's
these shoes of my sister's
those dirty hands of Peter's
❺ 英语关于名词语法
Hi!这里是我对你问题的回答:
你的第一个问题: women是woman的复数形式。这属于复合名词, 两个组成部分均为表示人的主体词, 所以在变复数时, 两部分都要由单数变成复数。记住:以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数。
你的第二个问题:Boy在作名词时,译作男孩。这里要涉及一些复合名词的知识。记住:以两个名词构成的复合名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外),一般把后面的名词变复数
来自网络知道。
参考资料:http://ke..com/link?url=-mVWKu8V-IAtrEun4uK#4
拓展:复合名词,英语为compound nouns,是指两个名词直接连在一起构成的复合词,用法简洁,可以被看作一种固定形式。有些中间带连字符,有些没有。
❻ 身体部分的英语单词有哪些.
身体部分的英语单词有这些:头:head 脸:face 眼睛:eye 耳朵:ear 牙齿:tooth 头发:hair 手臂:arm 手:hand 手腕:内wrist 腿:leg 脚:容foot 膝盖:knee 肩膀:shoulder 手指:finger 脚趾:toe ,建议你跟着外教学英语,轻松开口讲英语,课均不到20元,或者先领取免费试听课看看合不合适。❼ 用描述人体部位的名词和形容词用 英语 描述一个人.
He is my best friend, tom. He has a big nose, red and plump. It makes him look funny, but i quite like it! He also has small but shiny eyes. Whenever he thinks about something, his eyes will become smaller and smaller but brighter and brighter! His hair is as black as coal. I envy his black hair, because mine is just brown. His head is most interesting of all! His head is big and round, which looks like a ripe watermelon in the summer. But you can never eat it. I guess that’s why he is so smart!
❽ 英语人体部分名词的语法,举例,生活上的应用
人体body[;bcdi]剥的
视觉sight[sait]色她
听觉hearing[;hiÈriÐ]黑夜冷
触觉touch sense[;tVtSsens]踏骑审思
味觉taste[teist]退死他
嗅觉smell[smel]是卖耳
头head[hed]褐的
大脑brain[brein]不累人
头发hair[hQÈ]黑耳
脸face[feis]废死
眼睛eye[ai]矮
鼻子nose[nÈuz]怒日
嘴mouth[mauT]忙死
牙齿tooth[tu:T]兔死
舌头tongue[tVÐ]烫
耳朵ear[iÈ]一耳
脖子,颈neck[nek]耐客
胸chest[tSest]切死他
皮肤skin[skin]死啃
背back[bPk]白客
肩膀shoulder[;SÈuldÈ]休我的
手臂arm[§:m]阿门
心脏heart[h§:t]哈特
胃stomach[;stVmÈk]是大木客
手腕wrist[rist]累死他
手hand[hPnd]含的
手指finger[;fiÐgÈ]分给
手掌palm[p§:m]怕母
腿leg[leg]乐果
膝knee[ni:]逆
脚foot[fut]服他
脚趾toe[tÈu]头
throat 喉
collar bone 颈骨
rib 肋骨
hip 臀部
thigh 大腿
ankle 踝关节
neck 颈
shoulder 肩膀
chest 胸腔
elbow 肘
spine 脊骨
wrist 腕关节
knee 膝盖
shin 小腿骨
heel 后脚跟
toe 脚趾
teeth 牙齿(复数:tooth)
chin 下巴
eye 眼
eyelid 眼盖
eyelashes 眼睫毛
eyebrow 眼眉毛
ear 耳朵
cheek 脸颊
forehead 额头
mouth 嘴
longue 舌头
waist 腰
lip 嘴唇
finger 手指
thumb 大母指
belly 肚
skeleton 骨架,骨骼
skull 头颅
brain 脑
intestines 肠
heart 心
liver 肝
kidney 肾
stomach 胃
lung 肺
一、利用搭配
(一)与动词搭配
用人体的各种姿态表示各种感情
He shook his head over the plan.他不赞成这项计划。
The sight of it turned my stomach.那景象使我恶心。
The girl likes to wag her tongue.这个女孩子喜欢夸夸其谈。
He snapped his fingers at the danger.他对这危险毫不在意。
Mary makes eyes at all handsome young men.玛丽每见英俊青年便频送秋波。
My friend turned up his nose at my proposal我的朋友对于我的建议嗤之以鼻。
Don't bite your nose to spite your face.不要使自己过不去。
The crowd shook their fists at the despicable criminals.群众对这些可鄙的罪犯挥拳表示愤怒。
(二)形容词、all或副词与人体各部分名词连用
1.形容词在名词前:
He has a long head, but a big mouth.他有远见,但讲话冒失。
The children have a sweet tooth.这些孩子们喜欢甜食。
His elder sister has a sharp(smooth, silver)tongue.他的姐姐讲话尖刻(圆滑,流利。)
This man has an open hand.这个人很慷慨(用钱大方,大手大脚)。
The merchant has an itching palm.这个商人十分贪财。
She has a sharp eye(or sharp eyes)and sharp ear(or ears).她目光锐利,听觉灵敏。
2.“all+人体各部分复数(有时可用单数)名词”固定词组,可起强语势作用:
I am all ears.我在用心聆听。
Olivia is all legs.奥利维亚又瘦又高。
He is all thumbs(=very clumsy).他笨手笨脚。
Jerry followed him, all eyes, ears and spikes.(Dickens)杰里睁大眼睛,竖起耳朵和硬发,全神贯注地跟着他走。
(三)介词或连词and与人体各部分名词连用,构成固定词组
1.介词+名词:
Don't let Success go to your head.不要让胜利冲昏了头脑。
The good news carried her off her feet.这条好消息使她欢腾雀跃(或忙得团团转)。
He has English and American literature at his finger tip.他精通英国文学和美国文学。
Time hangs heavy on my hand.我觉得没事干很无聊。
The spirited competition kept them on their toes.激烈的竞争使他们保持警觉。
He looks very down in the mouth .他面容非常沮丧。
The workers worked in the teeth of the storm.工人们顶着暴风雨继续工作。
I am up to my neck(eyes,ears)in work. 我有许多工作要作。
The current situation in that country has got out of hand.那个国家当前的局势有控制不住之势。
2.名词+介词+名词:
Theory must go hand in hand with practice.理论必须与实践相结合。
He is head over ears in love with that beautiful girl.他热恋着那个漂亮的女孩子。
She didn't see eye to eye with me on the question.在这个问题上,她和我看法不一致。
His friend had a heart-to-heart talk with him.他的朋友和他进行了一次知心的谈话。
3.名词+and+名词:
Our frontier guards fought the cruel aggressors tooth and nail.我们边防战士和凶恶的侵略者进行殊死的战斗。
Tom Came back home a very wreck of soul and body.汤姆回来时筋疲力尽了。
In a short time our instry will advance neck and neck with the developed countries. 不久以后我们的工业将与发达国家并驾齐驱。
4.其他惯用法:
She cried her heart out over the death of her husband.她丈夫的死使她痛苦欲绝。
He wore his heart on his sleeve.他心直口快。
She got a big hand in the last performance.她在上次演出中受到观众的热烈鼓掌。
Please keep a civil tongue in your head.请注意措词要谨慎一些。
I was rushed off my legs by my work.工作把我累得团团转。
You must keep your head under any circumstances.无论任何情况你一定要保持镇静。
His heart sank into his boots at the bad news.听到这个坏消息他非常沮丧。
He felt he must put his foot down.他觉得他必须采取断然措施。
She put her best foot forward in the performance.她在这次演出中露了一手。
He cudgeled(racked,beat)his brains over these problems.对于这些难题,他煞费苦心地思索。
He put his finger on her weakness.他中肯地指出她的缺点。
He was smitten with her charms,and quite lost his heart(=fell in love with her).他为她的美貌所倾倒,迷恋着她。
二、利用构词法
(一)英语的动词优势
英语的动词优势使说英语为本族语的人经常把表示人体的概念直接投射表示抽象的概念,表现在英语中这类英语名词常被转化为动词,以增添它们的描绘效果[2],如head the committee, face the future,Hand the keys, mouth one's opinion, eye a needle, nose for information, be armed to the teeth, shoulder the responsibility, elbow one's way etc,这类转换除字面意义外还可表达这动词的带各种各样情感的动作.如用eye来表达look的意思,除了“看”这一中性意义之外,还兼有怀疑地看,斜着眼睛瞧,带着嫉妒不满、羡慕等感情的意思,例如The dog eyed the stranger(=looked at the stranger with suspicion)(这条狗怀疑地瞧着生人。)They were eyeing us jealously(admiringly,disappointe
dly)。(他们嫉妒地、羡慕地、失望地看着我们。)这种转化的其它例子如:
This dictionary is badly thumbed.(这部字典因翻阅过多而弄得很脏。)
Who has hired you to nose into my business?(谁雇用了你来过问干涉我的事务?)
How might she tongue me!(Shakespeare)(她将会怎样地说我啊!)
Who can stomach such an insult?(谁能容忍这样的侮辱?)
There stood a model worker breasted with many medals.(那里站着一位劳模,胸前挂着许多奖章。)
The policemen have been fingering the criminal for weeks.(警察秘密监视这个犯罪分子已有数周。)
(二)利用“形容词、副词、过去分词或动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词
1.“形容词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词,如sharp-tongued(说话尖刻的),sharp-eyed(目光锐利的),sharp-eared(听觉敏锐的),long-headed(有远见的),big-mouthed(饶舌的),open-minded(谦虚的,接受意见的),iron-handed(铁腕的),high-handed(采取高压手段的),close-fisted(吝啬的),double- faced(hearted)(奸诈的)等。
He muttered a half-hearted apology.他含糊地半心半意地道了一声歉。
Don’t feel down-hearted about this matter.对于这件事请勿灰心丧气。
His friend had a heart-to-heart talk with him.他的朋友和他进行了一次知心的谈话。
3.名词+and+名词:
Our frontier guards fought the cruel aggressors tooth and nail.我们边防战士和凶恶的侵略者进行殊死的战斗。
Tom Came back home a very wreck of soul and body.汤姆回来时筋疲力尽了。
In a short time our instry will advance neck and neck with the developed countries. 不久以后我们的工业将与发达国家并驾齐驱。
4.其他惯用法:
She cried her heart out over the death of her husband.她丈夫的死使她痛苦欲绝。
He wore his heart on his sleeve.他心直口快。
She got a big hand in the last performance.她在上次演出中受到观众的热烈鼓掌。
Please keep a civil tongue in your head.请注意措词要谨慎一些。
I was rushed off my legs by my work.工作把我累得团团转。
You must keep your head under any circumstances.无论任何情况你一定要保持镇静。
His heart sank into his boots at the bad news.听到这个坏消息他非常沮丧。
He felt he must put his foot down.他觉得他必须采取断然措施。
She put her best foot forward in the performance.她在这次演出中露了一手。
He cudgeled(racked,beat)his brains over these problems.对于这些难题,他煞费苦心地思索。
He put his finger on her weakness.他中肯地指出她的缺点。
He was smitten with her charms,and quite lost his heart(=fell in love with her).他为她的美貌所倾倒,迷恋着她。
二、利用构词法
(一)英语的动词优势
英语的动词优势使说英语为本族语的人经常把表示人体的概念直接投射表示抽象的概念,表现在英语中这类英语名词常被转化为动词,以增添它们的描绘效果[2],如head the committee, face the future,Hand the keys, mouth one's opinion, eye a needle, nose for information, be armed to the teeth, shoulder the responsibility, elbow one's way etc,这类转换除字面意义外还可表达这动词的带各种各样情感的动作.如用eye来表达look的意思,除了“看”这一中性意义之外,还兼有怀疑地看,斜着眼睛瞧,带着嫉妒不满、羡慕等感情的意思,例如The dog eyed the stranger(=looked at the stranger with suspicion)(这条狗怀疑地瞧着生人。)They were eyeing us jealously(admiringly,disappointe
dly)。(他们嫉妒地、羡慕地、失望地看着我们。)这种转化的其它例子如:
This dictionary is badly thumbed.(这部字典因翻阅过多而弄得很脏。)
Who has hired you to nose into my business?(谁雇用了你来过问干涉我的事务?)
How might she tongue me!(Shakespeare)(她将会怎样地说我啊!)
Who can stomach such an insult?(谁能容忍这样的侮辱?)
There stood a model worker breasted with many medals.(那里站着一位劳模,胸前挂着许多奖章。)
The policemen have been fingering the criminal for weeks.(警察秘密监视这个犯罪分子已有数周。)
(二)利用“形容词、副词、过去分词或动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词
1.“形容词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词,如sharp-tongued(说话尖刻的),sharp-eyed(目光锐利的),sharp-eared(听觉敏锐的),long-headed(有远见的),big-mouthed(饶舌的),open-minded(谦虚的,接受意见的),iron-handed(铁腕的),high-handed(采取高压手段的),close-fisted(吝啬的),double- faced(hearted)(奸诈的)等。
He muttered a half-hearted apology.他含糊地半心半意地道了一声歉。
Don’t feel down-hearted about this matter.对于这件事请勿灰心丧气。
❾ 人身体各个部位的英语名称
人身体各个部位的英语名称有head 头、throat 喉咙,咽喉、 hair 腋毛、nipple 乳头、chest 胸部、pit 胸口、navel 肚脐、abdomen 腹部、private parts 阴部、thigh 大腿、neck 脖子、shoulder 肩、back 背、waist 腰、hip 臀部、buttock 屁股、skull 颅骨,头盖骨,等等。
单词解析:
一、head
1、读音:英[hed] 美[hed]
2、翻译:
n.头部;头脑;顶端;领袖;硬币的正面
v.前进;为首;朝向
adj.首要的;前面的
3、例句:Please raise your head and look at the blackboard.
请抬起头来,看黑板。
二、throat
1、读音:英[θrəʊt] 美[θroʊt]
2、翻译:
n.嗓子;喉咙;颈部;嗓音
vt.低语;压着嗓子说(唱)
3、例句:I have a sore throat today.
我今天嗓子疼。
三、chest
1、读音:英[tʃest] 美[tʃest]
2、翻译:n.胸部;胸腔;箱子;金库
3、例句:The soldier received a serious wound on the chest.
这名士兵胸部受了重伤。
四、pit
1、读音:英[pɪt] 美[pɪt]
2、翻译:
n.坑;矿井;陷阱;凹痕;(剧院的)正厅后排;(枣)核
vt.使凹陷;使竞争
vi.凹陷
3、例句:The children were playing in the sand pit.
孩子们在沙坑中玩耍。
五、hip
1、读音:英[hɪp] 美[hɪp]
2、翻译:
n.臀部;髋;屋脊
adj.<非>时髦的;通晓的
int.(欢呼声)嘿
3、例句:The needle went into my hip with a prick.
针一下刺进了我的臀部。
❿ 英语人体部分名词的妙用
一、利用搭配:
(一)与动词搭配
用人体的各种姿态表示各种感情
He shook his head over the plan.他不赞成这项计划。
The sight of it turned my stomach.那景象使我恶心。
The girl likes to wag her tongue.这个女孩子喜欢夸夸其谈。
He snapped his fingers at the danger.他对这危险毫不在意。
Mary makes eyes at all handsome young men.玛丽每见英俊青年便频送秋波。
My friend turned up his nose at my proposal我的朋友对于我的建议嗤之以鼻。
Don't bite your nose to spite your face.不要使自己过不去。
The crowd shook their fists at the despicable criminals.群众对这些可鄙的罪犯挥拳表示愤怒。
(二)形容词、all或副词与人体各部分名词连用
1.形容词在名词前:
He has a long head, but a big mouth.他有远见,但讲话冒失。
The children have a sweet tooth.这些孩子们喜欢甜食。
His elder sister has a sharp(smooth, silver)tongue.他的姐姐讲话尖刻(圆滑,流利。)
This man has an open hand.这个人很慷慨(用钱大方,大手大脚)。
The merchant has an itching palm.这个商人十分贪财。
She has a sharp eye(or sharp eyes)and sharp ear(or ears).她目光锐利,听觉灵敏。
2.“all+人体各部分复数(有时可用单数)名词”固定词组,可起强语势作用:
I am all ears.我在用心聆听。
Olivia is all legs.奥利维亚又瘦又高。
He is all thumbs(=very clumsy).他笨手笨脚。
Jerry followed him, all eyes, ears and spikes.(Dickens)杰里睁大眼睛,竖起耳朵和硬发,全神贯注地跟着他走。
(三)介词或连词and与人体各部分名词连用,构成固定词组
1.介词+名词:
Don't let Success go to your head.不要让胜利冲昏了头脑。
The good news carried her off her feet.这条好消息使她欢腾雀跃(或忙得团团转)。
He has English and American literature at his finger tip.他精通英国文学和美国文学。
Time hangs heavy on my hand.我觉得没事干很无聊。
The spirited competition kept them on their toes.激烈的竞争使他们保持警觉。
He looks very down in the mouth .他面容非常沮丧。
The workers worked in the teeth of the storm.工人们顶着暴风雨继续工作。
I am up to my neck(eyes,ears)in work. 我有许多工作要作。
The current situation in that country has got out of hand.那个国家当前的局势有控制不住之势。
2.名词+介词+名词:
Theory must go hand in hand with practice.理论必须与实践相结合。
He is head over ears in love with that beautiful girl.他热恋着那个漂亮的女孩子。
She didn't see eye to eye with me on the question.在这个问题上,她和我看法不一致。
His friend had a heart-to-heart talk with him.他的朋友和他进行了一次知心的谈话。
3.名词+and+名词:
Our frontier guards fought the cruel aggressors tooth and nail.我们边防战士和凶恶的侵略者进行殊死的战斗。
Tom Came back home a very wreck of soul and body.汤姆回来时筋疲力尽了。
In a short time our instry will advance neck and neck with the developed countries. 不久以后我们的工业将与发达国家并驾齐驱。
4.其他惯用法:
She cried her heart out over the death of her husband.她丈夫的死使她痛苦欲绝。
He wore his heart on his sleeve.他心直口快。
She got a big hand in the last performance.她在上次演出中受到观众的热烈鼓掌。
Please keep a civil tongue in your head.请注意措词要谨慎一些。
I was rushed off my legs by my work.工作把我累得团团转。
You must keep your head under any circumstances.无论任何情况你一定要保持镇静。
His heart sank into his boots at the bad news.听到这个坏消息他非常沮丧。
He felt he must put his foot down.他觉得他必须采取断然措施。
She put her best foot forward in the performance.她在这次演出中露了一手。
He cudgeled(racked,beat)his brains over these problems.对于这些难题,他煞费苦心地思索。
He put his finger on her weakness.他中肯地指出她的缺点。
He was smitten with her charms,and quite lost his heart(=fell in love with her).他为她的美貌所倾倒,迷恋着她。
二、利用构词法
(一)英语的动词优势
英语的动词优势使说英语为本族语的人经常把表示人体的概念直接投射表示抽象的概念,表现在英语中这类英语名词常被转化为动词,以增添它们的描绘效果[2],如head the committee, face the future,Hand the keys, mouth one's opinion, eye a needle, nose for information, be armed to the teeth, shoulder the responsibility, elbow one's way etc,这类转换除字面意义外还可表达这动词的带各种各样情感的动作.如用eye来表达look的意思,除了“看”这一中性意义之外,还兼有怀疑地看,斜着眼睛瞧,带着嫉妒不满、羡慕等感情的意思,例如The dog eyed the stranger(=looked at the stranger with suspicion)(这条狗怀疑地瞧着生人。)They were eyeing us jealously(admiringly,disappointe
dly)。(他们嫉妒地、羡慕地、失望地看着我们。)这种转化的其它例子如:
This dictionary is badly thumbed.(这部字典因翻阅过多而弄得很脏。)
Who has hired you to nose into my business?(谁雇用了你来过问干涉我的事务?)
How might she tongue me!(Shakespeare)(她将会怎样地说我啊!)
Who can stomach such an insult?(谁能容忍这样的侮辱?)
There stood a model worker breasted with many medals.(那里站着一位劳模,胸前挂着许多奖章。)
The policemen have been fingering the criminal for weeks.(警察秘密监视这个犯罪分子已有数周。)
(二)利用“形容词、副词、过去分词或动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词
1.“形容词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词,如sharp-tongued(说话尖刻的),sharp-eyed(目光锐利的),sharp-eared(听觉敏锐的),long-headed(有远见的),big-mouthed(饶舌的),open-minded(谦虚的,接受意见的),iron-handed(铁腕的),high-handed(采取高压手段的),close-fisted(吝啬的),double-faced(hearted)(奸诈的)等。
He muttered a half-hearted apology.他含糊地半心半意地道了一声歉。
Don’t feel down-hearted about this matter.对于这件事请勿灰心丧气。
He sat there in open-mouthed oblivion.他大张着嘴,木然地坐在那里。
She was a warm-hearted,home-spun woman.她是一个热心肠的,土生土长的妇女。
Antony was a silver-tongued orator.安东尼是一位能言善辩的演说家。
2.“过去分词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词:
The broken-hearted soldiers of the defeated country wept when they heard the cease-fire news.战败国伤心的士兵听到停战消息时流了泪。
3.“形容词+人体各部分名词”构成复台名词,指具有某种特殊性格的人。
Smith is a hot-head.史密斯是个性情暴躁的人。
Juliet is a big-mouth.朱丽叶是个长舌女人。
4.“动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词,可作形容词,亦可用来指人:
His car travelled at break-neck speed along the highway.他的小汽车以非常危险的速度在公路上疾驶。
What a lack-brain is this!(Shakespeare)真是一个头脑何等简单的人!