Ⅰ 初中七年级英语语法汇总
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Ⅱ 七年级英语语法归纳
agree with sb 同意某人的看法
agree on sth 同意某事
arrive at/in sp 到达某地
ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事
be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事
be strict in sth 对某事要求严格
be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
decide to do sth 决定做某事
dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
find sb do/doing sth 发现某人做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事
give sb sth 给某人某物
give sth to sb 给某人某物
have fun doing sth 做…很有趣
help sb with sth 帮助某人某事
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
it’s time for sth 该做某事了
it’s time for sb to do sth 该某人做某事了
it’s time to do sth 该做某事了
like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事
make sb do sth 让某人做某事
mind (sb) doing sth 介意(某人)做某事
pass sb sth 把某物递给某人
pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人
practice doing sth 练习做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth 记得要做某事
see sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事
show sb sth 给某人看某物
show sth to sb 给某人看某物
spend…(in) doing sth 花费…做某事
spend…on sth 花费…在某物上
start doing sth 开始做某事
start to do sth 开始做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
stop to do sth 停下来再做某事
talk about sth 谈论某事
talk to/with sb 与某人交谈
tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事
want sth 想要某物
want to do sth 想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
watch sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事
wish to do sth 希望做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事
Ⅲ 人教版七年级英语所有语法
1.一般现在时:主语+do/does(现在分词) We clean the room every day.
一般现在时:do(n't)/does(n't)
2.一般过去时:主语+did We cleaned the room just now.
一般过去式:(n't)+V.原
3.现在进行时:主语+am/is/are doing We are cleaning the room now.
现在进行时:am(not)/is(n't)/are(n't)+V.ing
4.过去进行时:was/were doing .We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.
过去进行时:was(n't)/were(n't)+V.ing
5.现在完成时: have/has done We have cleaned the room already.
现在完成时:have(n't)/has(n't)+过去分词(p.p.)
6.过去完成时: had done We had cleaned the room before he arrived.
过去完成时:had+p.p.
7.一般将来时: will do/ We will clean the room tomorrow.
一般将来时:will(not)+V.ing / is(n't)/are(n't)+going to +V.原
8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do He said he would clean the room next
过去将来时:would(n't) / was(n't)/were(n't)+V.原
动词不定式:to+V.ing
一、 一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month...),once a week,on Sundays,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:① am /is /are +not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month...),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:① was/were +not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.
基本结构:am/is/are +doing
否定形式:am/is/are +not+doing
一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首
四、过去进行时:
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:was/were +doing
否定形式:was/were +not+doing
一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首
五、现在完成时:
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for...,in the past few years,etc.
基本结构:have/has +done
否定形式:have/has +not+done
一般疑问句:have/has放于句首
六、过去完成时:
概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
时间状语:before,by the end
Ⅳ 七年级英语常见语法大全
一、七年级英语语法——词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A) 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
Ⅳ 七年级必备英语语法
过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。
3)
常用的时间状语有this
morning,
the
whole
morning,
all
day
yesterday,
from
nine
to
ten
last
evening,
when,
while等。例如:
My
brother
fell
while
he
was
riding
his
bicycle
and
hurt
himself.
我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。
It
was
raining
when
they
left
the
station.
他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
When
I
got
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
the
sun
was
shining.
我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
典型例题
1)
Mary
___
a
dress
when
she
cut
her
finger.
A.
made
B.
is
making
C.
was
making
D.
makes
答案C.
割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2)
As
she
___
the
newspaper,
Granny
___
asleep.
A.
read;was
falling
B.
was
reading;
fell
C.
was
reading;
was
falling
D.
read;fell
答案B.句中的as
=
when,
while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为
"在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的
fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall
sick。
Ⅵ 初一英语学习了哪些语法知识(要具体些)
新目标英抄语初一语法主要是:袭
1、一般现在时(特别要注意主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要加S,有几种变化的);
2、现在进行时(be动词am/is/are
+doing);
3、一般过去时态(be动词的过去时和谓语动词的过去时,be动词过去式只有was和were,动词过去式又分为两种,规则变化和不规则变化,相对来说较难);
4、祈使句;
5、可数名词和不可数名词;
6、名词所有格;
7、How,who,why,when,what
等特殊疑问词引导的句子。总而言之,这些语法是对小学英语的一种衔接,只要用心去学,并不难的。
Ⅶ 初一英语重点语法有哪些
初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的,但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小,容易被忽视,但这些知识点掌握不熟练,往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时,要认真、细心,不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。
下面从几个方面,总结出了初一英语语法,如果要复习英语句法的同学,可以参考一下,
一、初一英语语法——词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
Ⅷ 初中七年级英语语法总结归纳
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
分类:英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一.短语:
1 .be from = come from 来自于----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6.pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7.the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8.speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9.go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二.重点句式:
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (问路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪里?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告诉我去……的路吗?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎样到达……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪条是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better+动词原形)
三.词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……(内)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18.on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重难点解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物。
四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they’re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She’s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let’s see the pandas first.
11.They’re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如:各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为:leaves, 类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时;点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修
饰,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如:
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿?
How are you? 你好吗?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天谁值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师?
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他?也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短语:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二.重点句式及注意事项:
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----
Ⅸ 英语七年级所有语法
Unit 1.
句型
1. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
What’s her / his name? 她 / 他叫什么名字?
2. What’s your first name 你的名是什么?
What’s your last / family name? 你姓什么?
(last name = family name)
3. I’m Mary. = My name is Mary. 我叫玛丽。
She is Mary. = Her name is Mary. 她叫玛丽。
4. Nice to meet you! 见到你真高兴。
Nice to meet you too. 见到你也很高兴。
5. What’s your telephone number? 你的电话号码是什么?
(对电话号码提问用what)
Unit 2.
句型
1. Excuse me. 打扰了。
Is this / that your pencil? 这个 / 那个是你的铅笔吗?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 是的,它是。/ 不,不是。
( 回答时常用it替代上文中的this和that )
2. This / That is my ruler. 这个 / 那个是我的尺子。
3. Please call Mary at 495-3539.( call sb at + 电话号码)
请给Mary 打电话:495-3539.
Please call Mary. 请给Mary 打电话。
Please call 495-3539. 请拨打495-3539.
Unit 3.
句型
1. This / That is my sister. 这位 / 那位是我的姐姐。
此句的复数形式是:These / Those are my sisters. 这些 / 那些是我的姐姐们。 (this/ that的复数 分别是these / those)
2. It is a watch. 复数形式是: They are some watches.
(he / she / it 复数都是they,和this/that的复数不同)
3. Is he / Guo Peng your brother? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
他 / 郭鹏是你的哥哥吗? 是的,他是。 / 不,他不是
4. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感谢你寄来你的家庭照(全家福)。
thanks = thank you; the photo of your family = your family photo
5. Here is my family photo. 这儿是我的家庭照。
Here are some books. 这儿有一些书。
There is a picture and three pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一幅画和三支铅笔。
There are many photos in the drawer. 抽屉里有许多照片。
(here / there 后的be动词单复数形式要以紧随其后的名词单复数来定)
Unit 4.
句型
1. Where is my backpack? 我的背包在哪儿?
Where are the books? 那些书在哪儿?
2. It’s / They’re in the drawer / under the bed / on the bookcase.
它 / 它们在抽屉里 / 床底下 / 书柜上。(注意主语和be动词照应)
3. Is it / Is the book / on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?
Are they on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?
它 / 这本书 / 它们在床上 / 背包里 / 桌子下吗?
4. Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西去学校吗?
some一般用在肯定的陈述句中,any用在否定句(“任何”)或疑问句(“某些,一些”)中。但如果表示期待对方肯定的回答或表请求和建议,疑问句中常用some。如上句。
5. take …to … 把…带到… take…there
Bring…to….把…带来 bring…here
Please take your sister to school. 请把你的妹妹带到学校。
Please bring your homework to our classroom. 请把你的作业带到我们教室来
bring 表从另一处带到这儿。take 表从这儿带到另一处。方向正好相反。
Unit 5.
句型
1. Do you have a soccer ball? 你有一个足球吗?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does she have a tennis racket? 她有一个网球拍吗?
Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
(谓语是实义动词的时候,疑问句形式:do / does 提前到主语前,主语后面的动词用原形)
2. I don’t have a soccer ball. 我没有一个足球。
She doesn’t have a volleyball. 她没有排球。
(谓语是实义动词的时候,否定形式:do /does +not + 动词原形)
3. Let me / him / us play soccer. 让我 / 他 / 我们踢足球吧。
(let后面的动词用原形)
4. That sounds good / great / interesting / boring.那听起来不错 /好极了 /有趣 /无聊。(that指代上文之事)
5. I / We / They / You / The kids have 8 baseballs. 我 / 我们 / 他们 / 孩子们有8个棒球。
She / He / My brother / The boy has 8 baseballs. 她 /他 /我哥哥 /那个男孩有8个棒球。
(注意以上各句主语和谓语的照应:主语是单三,谓语也用单三;主语不是单三,谓语也不用单三。)
句型
1. Do you like bananas / hamburgers / salad…?
你喜欢香蕉 / 汉堡包 / 沙拉……吗?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 是的,我喜欢。/ 不,我不喜欢。
2. like doing sth. = like to do sth. 喜欢做某事.
如:She likes helping / to help students. 她喜欢帮学生。
3. I like/have hamburgers for breakfast. 早餐我喜欢/吃汉堡。
Unit 7.
句型
1. How much are these pants? =What’s the price of these pants?
这条裤子多少钱?
They’re twenty dollars. 这条裤子20美元。
How much is this sweater? =What’s the price of this sweater?
这件毛衣多少钱? It’s 60 yuan. 它60元。
2. How much加不可数名词,how many 加可数名词复数。
如:how much food, how many students
3. Can I help you? 我能帮你吗?= What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么?
4. Yes, please. 是的,请吧。 No, thanks. 不了,谢谢。
5. I want a sweater. 我想要件毛衣。
6. What color do you want? 你想要什么颜色?
7. Here you are. =Here it is给你(这件毛衣 / 钱等)。
8. How much is it? / How much are they? 多少钱?
9. I’ll take it. = I’ll get it. = I’ll have it. 我买下它了。
10. Thank you. / Thanks a lot. 多谢。
You’re welcome. =That’s all right.别客气。
11. Come and buy … = Come to buy ….
Go and see … = Go to see…
12. Anybody can afford our prices. 任何人都能承担得起我们的价钱。
Unit 8.
句型
1.When is your / her / his birthday?
你的/她的/他的生日是什么时候?
My / Her / His birthday is May 14th.
我的 / 她的 / 他的生日是5月14日。(此处无on)
2. How old are you? = What’s your age? 你多大了?
I’m 8. / I’m 8 years old. 我8岁了。
3.Monday is the second day of the week.
周一是一星期中的第二天。(序数词前常有the)
It’s my eighth birthday.
(序数词eighth前已有限定词my, 故不再加the.)
Unit 9.
句型
1. Do you / Does she want to go to a movie? 你想 / 她想看电影吗?
2. What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢什么种类的电影?
3. June really likes action movies.
琼真的喜欢动作片。(really可修饰动词,但very不能。)
4. Mike is English. 迈克是英国人。(注意English前无冠词an.)
5. I often go to movies with my friends. 我常和朋友一起看电影。(with,“用;和…一起”)
6. 语法:并列连词and和or. 都译为“和”,or常用于否定句。and常用于肯定句。
He likes P.E. and art.他喜欢体育和美术。=He likes P.E. and he likes art.
He doesn’t like P.E. or art. =He doesn’t like P.E. and he doesn’t like art.
(or只用于连接否定句中的短语。若连接两个否定句时仍用and)
Unit 10.
句型
1. Can you play the guitar? Can you dance / swim? 你会弹吉它 / 跳舞 / 游泳吗? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。
2. I want to join the art / music club. 我想参加美术 / 音乐俱乐部。
3. What club do you want to join? 你想参加什么俱乐部?
4. Can you play the piano well? 你弹钢琴弹得好吗?
5. Are you good with kids? 你善于和孩子相处吗?
(be good with sb. 善于和某人相处)
6. May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗?= What’s your name?
7. What can you do? 你会做什么?
8. 短语:play the piano / the drums / the trumpet 弹钢琴 / 打鼓 / 吹喇叭(乐器前有the)
chess / English / swimming / music… club象棋 / 英语 / 游泳 / 音乐俱乐部
a little “一点,一些”(修饰不可数名词。)
Unit 11.
句型
1. What time do you/ does she usually go to school/ get up?
你通常何时上学 / 起床?
I usually run/ She usually gets up at around 7:00.
我 / 她通常大约7:00跑步 / 起床。
2. When do people usually eat dinner? 人们通常什么时候吃晚饭?
3. 时刻表达:
a.分钟未过半点;
7:20, 可以读作: seven twenty, 或twenty past seven
12:08, 可以读作:twelve oh eight, 或eight past twelve
b.分钟刚好半点:
9:30, 可读作:nine thirty, 或half past nine
c.分钟超过半点:
8:46, 可读作:eight forty-six, 或fourteen to nine
4.what引导的感叹句的结构:
a. what + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓
What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的孩子啊!
What an interesting book you have!你的书多么有趣啊!
b. what + 形容词 + 名词复数: What clever boys you are! 你们是多么聪明的孩子啊!
c. what + 形容词 + 不可数名词: What difficult work it is! 那是多么困难的工作啊!
5. 宾语从句的语序(用陈述句的语序, 见下文画线部分):
I don’t know when your birthday is. (不是when is your birthday)
Can you tell me where you come from? (不是where do you come from)
Unit 12. My favorite subject is science .
句型
1. What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的学科是什么?
(形容词性物主代词+favorite+名词,“…最喜爱的….”)
2. My favorite subject is science. 我最喜爱的学科是科学。
3. Why do you / does she like science? 你 / 她为什么喜欢科学?
Because it’s interesting. 因为它有趣。
4. Who is your art teacher? 谁是你的美术教师?
5. When do you have math? 你什么时候上数学?
6. I have volleyball for two hours. 我打排球两个小时。(for + 时间段)
人称代词形式:
主格 宾格 形容词性
物主代词 名词性
物主代词 反身代词
作主语 宾语 后要再接名词 不再接名词 主宾一致
I me my(pen/ house...) mine myself
you(你) you your (bag / car...) yours yourself
he him his (desk / coat...) his himself
she her her(hair/ books...) hers herself
it it its (tail / face...) its itself
we us our(teachers/rom) ours ourselves
You你们 you your(class/ city...) yours yourselves
they them their(school/seat) theirs themselves
注意:如果动词的施动者,即主语,和动词或介词后相应的宾格代词是相同的人或物时,其宾格代词要用反身代词:
I teach myself English. 我自学英语。
We solved the problems ourselves. 我们自己解决的这些问题。
Lucy hurt herself by accident. 露茜偶然伤了自己。
You have to take care of yourself. 你必须照看好自己。
但 She asks me to help her. 中的her并没有反身代词,因为help的施动者是“我”,而承受者是“她”,不相同。)
Ⅹ 七年级英语语法大全
一、a number of ,the number of
a number of 意思是“许多”,相当于a lot of ; the number of意思是“……的数目,……的数量”,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students like playing computer games.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。
The number of the students is about 1500 in our school.
我们学校学生的人数大约是1500。
二、基数词变序数词助记歌
基变序,有规律,末尾加上th;一、二、三特殊记,八加h ,九去e ,ve要用f替;以e结尾变ie,后跟th莫忘记。要想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
特殊变化:one—first ,two—second ,three—third ,five—fifth ,
nine—ninth ,twelve—twelfth ,forty—fortieth ,
eight-nine—eighty-ninth
三、概数(略数)表达法
数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名词复数
例1
1. __people go swimming in summer in Dalian.
A、Thousands B、Thousand of C、Thousands of D、Thousand
2. __the students will take part in this English speech contest.
A. Two hundred of B. Two hundreds of C. Hundreds of D. Hundred of
四、of sb.与for sb.的区别
(1)of sb.“对于(某人)”,用于It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth.句型中,形容词为clever, kind, nice等描述人物性格特征的词,of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
(2)for sb.“对于(某人)”,用于It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth.句型中, 形容词为easy, important等不描述人物性格特征的词,for后的人物与形容词没有主表关系。
五、不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词
1、because(因为),so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里,只能用其一。
Because he was tired, he couldn’t walk there.
=He was tired ,so he couldn’t walk there.
因为他累了,所以他不能走到那儿了。
2、(al)thouthg(虽然),but (但是)不能同时出现在一个句子里,只能用其一。但thouthg和yet可以同时出现在一个句子里(yet用作副词)
Thought he was tired, he still worked hard.
=He was tired, but he still worked hard.
虽然他很累,但他仍然努力工作。
六、副词的比较级
1、形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2、副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)
七、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2、形容词加er的规则:
⑴一般在词尾加er ;
⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
3、不规则形容词比较级:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
八、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最靠近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
What’s + 介词短语?
九、一般过去时
1、一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3、句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday?
十、动词过去式变化规则
1、一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2、结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3、末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studie
小升初英语的特点是知识点零碎,因此同学们一定要加强日常的学习积累,只有这样才能确保取得较高的英语成绩。