⑴ 高一英语比较重要的语法有哪些
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which。1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达:1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来:1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式:doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰。其结构和意思如下:1. 被修饰名词+doing短语: 正在做….的人/正在发生的事。2. 被修饰名词+ done短语: 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语:正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语:将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结:以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语。1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面。2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义。being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析:_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句。答案:A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析:_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是:I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with。答案:C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析:定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因。先行词在从句中做宾语。答案:A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析:非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案:D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析:公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员。_____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动。用done做定语。答案:C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析:根据句意房子即将开工。_____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子。答案:B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析:根据句意:比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语。与全句动作同步.答案:B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析:非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说:三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作。答案:B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩。先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money:用这笔钱买火车票。关系词前面需要加介词:with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是:他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了。devote….to sth.关系词前加介词:to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day :先行词the day在从句中做时间状语:在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会。5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容:明天即将被讨论的问题。应当用不定式的被动结构做定语。6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示:正在做的食物。Being done 做定语表示:正在被……的……。7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示:正在大树下看书的那位老师。情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点:情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用:(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测。can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测。根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”。用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测。对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构。(二)对现在的事实进行推测:主要结构:…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句:1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测:结构:情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句:1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气:表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”。这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法。表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反。表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气。其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构。根据要表达的意思,有如下结构:should have done / ought to have done:本应该……shouldn’t have done / oughtn’t to have done:本不该……could have done:本来可以……needn’t have done:本来没必要……would like to have done:本来很想……would rather not have done: 本来不愿意……could / might / have done: 不然早就……例句:1. You shouldn’t have laughed at his mistakes.2. You could have told us earlier.3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.6. They would like to have seen that film last film.7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.知识难点:某些情态动词的特殊用法:need 和dare 的两种形式的用法need 和dare可以用做实义动词,后面接不定式(to do)结构,在疑问句和否定句中,加助动词do/does/did/或don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。作为情态动词使用时,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。情态动词needn’t(没有必要,不必)相当于don’t have to例句:1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you needn’t.3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?注意:句型I dare say+从句。 意思是:我肯定…… = I’m sure或There is no doubt that+从句。例句:I dare say that my uncle will get the money if I die.will和would表示“意志”或“愿意”,would 则指过去愿意做……例句:1. He said that he would help us.2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.would可以表达“过去习惯做……”类似于“used to do”例句:1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.表示请求,固定的句型:Will/Would you please do…? / Would you like to do…?例句:Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?shall1. 用于第一,三人称,表示“请求”;“建议” 或“推荐”例句:1. Shall we start the meeting now?2. Shall I watch TV now ?3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?2. 用于第二人称,表示“命令,“要求”,“许诺”例句:1. You shall take whatever you like.2. You shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.在表示推测的否定句或疑问句中,常用can /can’t /could / couldn’t表示,意思是:“可能…吗?”;“…不可能…”。而不能使用mustn’t或must等词。【典型例题】1. —Do you think he will do me a favor ?—As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. must C. canD. should分析:本题考查情态动词推测性用法。 根据he is the last one to help others.(他是最不可能帮助别人的人),既然如此,那么“帮助你”的可能性也就最小了。答案为A2. —Look, someone is coming. Guess who it ____ be ?—I think it ___ be Tom.—I don’t think it ___ be ____ .A. can ; must ; can ; heB. may ; can ; must ; himC. must ; can ; must ; hisD. might ; must ; can ; himself分析:根据备选答案。 can表示推测时用于疑问句或否定句中。本题首句就应该是Guess who can it be? 第二句应该是I think it must be Tom.(说话人十分肯定)。第三句表达了说话人对前一个人的否定。即:I don’t think it can be him/he.(不可能是他)。答案为A3. —Do you know Ms. Wang likes walking after supper ?—Sure. She ____ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD. may be walking分析:关键词Sure告诉我们说话人的口气十分肯定。根据句子语境:她此刻肯定正在校园散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案为A4. —I stayed at a hotel in New York.—Oh, did you ? You _____ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would sayD. must have stayed分析:首句说:我在纽约住在一家宾馆里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以D选项不合题意。
⑵ 高中阶段最基本的英语语法有哪些
高中英语语法复共有是十制三个大板块,分别是:非谓语动词,情态动词和虚拟语气,特殊句式,定语从句和名词性从句,连词和状语从句,动词的时态和语态,形容词和副词,名词,代词,冠词,介词及习语动词,动词词组(动词的固定搭配),以及情景交际。其中非谓语动词,虚拟语气,定语从句和名词性从句,特殊句式与连词和状语从句五个板块最重要,也是最难学的语法,更是高考的难点,重点和热点。这些难点和重点当中非谓语动词,情态动词和虚拟语气,定语从句和名词性从句是必须掌握住的知识点,同时也是你们高中生最难学最头痛的语法。每个版块都必须先弄懂详细的基本理论,然后认真做习题才能掌握住。你最好找个好的有经验的家教老师来帮你学习。如果你的基础不好的话,自学很难把这些语法弄明白掌握住的。这是我个人的愚见,希望对你能有点帮助。
⑶ 高中英语语法有哪些
动词 名词 形容词 副词 宾语从句 主语从句 定语从句 状语从句,虚拟语气 ,主谓一致等等 ,买本语法书,分章节的,那就全知道了
我是一个高考的过来人,高考成绩129分,平时大考碰狗屎运也考过130+的分数。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒,所以坚持很重要,英语是一门很看重积累的科目。 虽然我高考已经好多年了,而且今年即将大学毕业,踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢,英语一直是我的排头兵!我对英语的自信还有,我觉得学好英语不难,重要的是你要有恒心,急躁冒进,三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧: 首先先你要端正心态,不要急躁,,你做你自己的事,这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路,做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实,英语是单词和语法的综合,所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次,对于单词,有如下几种方法,第一个,是加强记忆的频度,也就是说,早上记了几个,隔几个小时又看一次,总之一天之内,记忆的间隔不要太长,否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化,第二个,是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜,比如good morning 是狗摸你…(见笑了)…,第三个,最重要的是,记单词的时候,不要忘了阅读,一边记单词,一边看文章,这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来,记忆的效果会加倍,第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆,要形成一个意群,比如,重要性用magnitude magnificence ,表示非常,大大地有exceedingly,tremendously,extremely……这样做在你写作时,是十分有好处的,写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇,你要写高级词汇,比如重要性写magnitude,许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。再次,是语法。学习语法,首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补,什么是系动词,什么是直接宾语,间接宾语,这些是学习语法的基础,语法是房子,主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦。然后就要多做一些语法专项练习,并在此过程中不断总结,并时时回顾那些了解,那些依然不理解,需要注意的是,那些不理解的一定要花时间弄清楚,否则对自己的不负责将会导致英语语法一知半解的结局!这对于想成为英语高手的人来说,是十分不利的!(注:本人从开始时不知主谓宾,到熟练掌握语法,把语法书看了不下二十遍,书都翻烂了!莫笑本人愚笨……) 此外,对于完形填空以及阅读理解,那就只能靠平时的练习了,在这个过程中,你要时时总结,纵深对比,千万不要陷入题海战术只做题,不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中,你把各种体型都总结了一遍,积累了丰富的经验,而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度,一举两得,所以做题是很重要的!其实,完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析,也就是说,做完形填空你的语法要好,而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配,短语,特殊用法等,完形填空的语法还是很重要的!对于阅读,我个人感觉是,纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题,只有保证一定的练习量,你才能用质的提高!最后,我建议你,平时读报,或者做题的时候,发现有好的句子好的词汇,你要抄下来,长期下来,你的作文会有提高的,需要说明的是,这个提高过程可能很缓慢,但是最后能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别,靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇,句型,句子。我个人的理解是,在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上,作文便应该以词汇取胜,因为在这个层次上,大家的语法都差不多,没什么变化,唯一有变化的就是你的词汇!给你打个比方吧,很多想到“许多”就用many,但是你别忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable;很多人想到“专家”就写expert,但很少人会想到specialist,很多人在想到“擅长”这词,就写be good at ,却不知还有更高级的表达法:be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才,就体现在这些细微的差别上 !!
⑷ 高中英语比较重要的语法是什么该怎样学好
高中英语较重要的语法是非谓语、
复合句
、时态和语态、情态动词。。。
⑸ 高中英语是最基本的语法吗,高中以后就没有语法了吗以单词为量吗
1. 高中英语语法主要来有:最自重要的三大语法(定语从句、名词性从句、非谓语动词)、强调句、虚拟语气、对情态动词用法的补充、倒装句、省略句、it的用法。夹杂着对初中语法的复习:状语从句、各种词性、各种时态(一般现在、过去、将来时;现在、过去、将来进行时;现在、过去、感叹句、5种基本句式。 2. 语法在高中基本已经学完了,到了大学,也不会侧重语法上学习,老师也会在讲课文的同事温习高中的语法,但是大学的学习重点要扩大接触面,多读多听多写多说,实践才是最重要的,学习一门语言最重要的是培养语感,接触得多了,自然能说好,说正确。
⑹ 高中英语最重要的语法是哪些,详细点!!垃圾勿给!!谢谢!
主谓一致/虚拟语气/各种状语从句,其中状语从句有时间、原因等等,虚拟语气和状语从句是必考的
⑺ 在高中英语中,那些语法是比较重要的
我个人认为大方向有这样几个,是不学不行的,因为高考必考:
1 定语从句
2 名词性从句
3 状语从句
4 非谓语动词
5 虚拟语气
至于其他的,比如主谓一致啦,强调句啦啥的都相对不非常重要,但比较重要。
⑻ 高中英语语法包括什么
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
whom 指人在从句中作宾语
whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.
3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
三、只用which不用that的情况
1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、 在非限制性定语从句中。
3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。
四、只用who不用that的情况
1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。
2、there be 结构中。
3、当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。
4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。
5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。
6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。
7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。
8、先行词是拟人化的名词。
9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。
五、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when时间状语
注意:It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略,从句用相应的完成时。
2、where 地点状语
注意:当先行词为模糊的地点时,如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.
3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。
六、介词与关系代词
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词,不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
七、定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是句子时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,关系代词在从句中作主语,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数。
八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是way,且意为“方式、方法”时,引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式:that/in which/不填。
注意:关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,按正常的定语从句分析。
2、当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用that引导定语从句,that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲,应用关系副词when或介词at/ring+which引导定语从句。
⑼ 高中英语语法有哪些
高中英语语法主要有:最重要的三大语法(定语从句、名词性从句、非谓语动词回)、强调句、答虚拟语气、对情态动词用法的补充、倒装句、省略句、it的用法.
夹杂着对初中语法的复习:状语从句、各种词性、各种时态(一般现在、过去、将来时;现在、过去、将来进行时;现在、过去、感叹句、5种基本句式.
⑽ 高中的英语最重要的是什么语法一定要学吗
语法和词汇是高考英语基础,也是一门语言的三大要素之二,无论是出于高考的回目的,还是为了学答好一门语言,语法都很必要。如果是针对高考的语法,推荐奥风英语的《高考语法完全突破》视频教程,网络即可收看,讲地极其清晰明了,简单易懂,高考针对性很强,可谓一针见血,不妨搜来看下。而且这套教程配有大纲和练习,用起来非常方便。