❶ 初中英语所有的语法
http://attach.etiantian.com//ett20/study/question/upload/2006/9/11/1160552461639.doc
这个电子文抄档里的语法很全,希望对你有所帮助
❷ 人教版英语初中各年级语法,要分单元的
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❸ 初中的英语所有的语法,要具体内容
现在进行时 be dong
过去式 was/were + v.
一般现在时 主语+v.(主语为单三时,动词版要变权)
现在完成时 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时 主语+had+动词的过去分词
过去进行时 主语+was/were+dong
❹ 初一英语上册 每单元的语法
七年级上册仁爱英语语法
● 冠词——a,an,the
1. a用于(辅音字母开头)的单数名词
2. an用于(元音字母开头)的单数名词
3. 上文提到的下文再提到用“the”
● 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
1. 可数名词复数的加法:
a. 一般情况加“s”
b. 以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的+es
c. 以“辅音字母加y”结尾的改:“y”为“i”加“es”
d. 以“fe”结尾的改“fe”为“v”加“es”
e. 不规则(man——men;foot——feet;mouse——mice;family——families;knife——knives)
2. 不可数名词用量词
例如:a bottle(s) of
● 名词所有格
1. 单数的加’s
2. 复数的加s’
3. 两人共有的. s’加在后一个上
4. 两人分别有的.各加’s(如Lucy’s and Lily’s bags.)
● 词组
1. Look after/like/the same/at + 名词
2. help yourself/yourselves to
3. be动词(am,is,are) + from
● 情态动词——must/can + 动词原形
● 介词(in,on,at)
1. 时间——
a. in morning/afternoon/evening
b. on Sunday/Monday/Tuesday
c. at + 点钟
2. 地点——
a. in a hospital/school
b. on a farm/the sofa
c. at school/home
● 代词(人称代词和物主代词)
1.人称代词分为主格和宾格
动词/介词 + 宾格
3. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
形容词性物主代词 + 名词
注意:“I” 要放在后面!
例如:Kangkang and I are in the same class.(the same + 名词单数形式)
❺ 有没有那种初中英语的每单元语法讲解和固定搭配、例句之类的工具书,谢谢
。您好,没有类似工具书。但是有的复习资料具有类似功能。
希望对您有帮助。
❻ 帮我总结初中英语每本书的每个单元的语法。
初一上册!!!
名词的复数形式一般在单数后面加-S或-es (构成方法和发音规则)
s在清辅音后发/s/ 如.desks maps;
在浊辅音、元音后发/z/ 如.jobs workers;
es有两种情况:一般情况下同s,发音是/s , z/
感叹句是用来表达说话者说话时的惊异、喜悦、愤怒、气愤等思想感情的句子。其结构常由感叹词“What(How)+感叹的部分+主语+谓语!”构成。读时一般用降调。主要有以下两大句型:
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:
1. What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
What an apple this is!
What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
二、由How引导的感叹句。
how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
注意:当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
How the runner runs!
三、what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。如:
What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!
what a beautiful bulding it is!==How beautiful the building is!
四、在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如:
What a nice present!(省略it is)
How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)
回答者: 萍mm - 护国法师 十五级 6-20 09:38
感叹句的句型特点及做法:
一、如何快速掌握感叹句?
学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键,陈述句变感叹句实际上就是句子成分位置的移动。
例1 She is smiling sweetly.
→How sweetly she is smiling!(移动状语)
二、哪些句子成分可能会移动位置?
通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置,一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分:宾语、表语和状语。
例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.
→What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语)
三、如何确定使用what还是使用how?
当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how,一般可以这样来确定:位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what,是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N
例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike 名词短语)
例 4 How fast he is riding!(fast 副词)
例 5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how + adj. + a/ an +N)
四、如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词?
名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词,以元音音素开头的词语之前用an,以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。
例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可数名词)
例7 What a useful book this is!(useful 以辅音音素开头)
例8 What an old house that is!(old 以元音音素开头)
五、感叹句有哪几种格式?
简单地说是"两型七式":两种句型是以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型,七种格式是
① what + a + adj. + N+ S +V
② what + an + adj. +N +S +V
③ what + adj. + N(不可数) + S +V
④ what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S+V
⑤ how + adj.+ S +V
⑥ how + adv. + S + V
⑦ how + adj. + a/ an + N + S+V
例 What exciting news it is!(what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S + V结构)
例9 What good teachers they are!(what + adj. + N(可数名词复数形式)+ S+V结构)
例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how + adv. + S + V结构)
例11 How beautiful a picture it is!(how + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 结构)
六、以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换?
这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:
⒈含有"a/ an + adj. + N "结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。
⒉名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作"a/ an + adj. + N"结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。
例12 What an expensive glass he broke! →How expensive a glass he broke!
例13 How beautiful the birds are! →what beautiful birds they are!
(说明:N代表名词,未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式,S代表主语,V代表动词)
七、在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略?
常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。
例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is
❼ 求人教版初一英语各单元语法
你好!给你总结一下吧,初一英语主要有以下语法点
一、词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A) 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:
一) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)
b) He looks very young. (连系动词)
c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)
e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)
否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.
3. 疑问句
1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.
2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.
3) 特殊疑问句
① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.
⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.
16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、时态
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:
Be 动词:She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情态动词:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
完毕!好好加油啊!
❽ 初中英语的语法有哪些
1.英语共有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态
例如:1.We study English every day .(我们每天学习英语。)
2. English is studied by us every day .(英语每天被我们学。)
2.英语中共有五种基本句子结构:
(1)主语+系动词+表语 (There be 结构是主系表结构的完全倒装句)
例如:I am an English teacher .(There is a map on the wall =A map is on the wall .)
(2) 主语+不及物动词
例如:I came here yesterday .
(3) 主语+及物动词+宾语
例如:I teach English every day . My sister studies French every day .
(4) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
例如:He teaches us English from Monday to Friday.
(5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
例如:Our teacher helps us study French every week .(不定式短语做宾补)
We make our teacher very happy 形容词做宾补)
3.在初中阶段英语能出现九种时态:1 一般现在时态;
2 一般过去时态;
3 一般将来时态;
4 过去将来时态;
5 现在进行时态;
6 过去进行时态;
7 现在完成进行时态;
8 现在完成时态;
9 过去完成时态。
4.宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句以及一些固定句型
5.陈述句:I like English
6.一般疑问句:Do you like English ?
7.特殊疑问句:What language do you like ?
8.选择疑问句:Do you like English or Chinese ?
9.反义疑问句:Your brother likes French ,doesn't he ?
10.祈使句:Don't talk in class .Let's read English .
11.感叹句:How fast he runs ! What a clever boy he is !