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英语四级中常见的前缀和后缀

发布时间:2021-02-21 03:57:56

1. 关于英语词汇中常用的前缀和后缀的详细资料

auto-表示“自已的”:autobiography自传
bi-表示“两个”:bicycle自行车
-表示“生命”:hiology生物学
co-表示“共同”:cooperate合作
counter-表示“相反的”:counter-clockwise逆时针
dis-表示否定:dishonest不诚实的
il-表示否定(在字母l的前面):illegal非法的
im-表示否定(在字母m,b和P的前面):
impossible不可能的
in-表示否定:inactive不活泼的
ir-表示否定(在字母r的前面):irregular不规则的
inter-表示“互相”:international国际的
kilo-表示“千”:kilometers千米,公里
mid-表示“中间”:midday中午
mini-表示“特小的”:miniskirt超短裙
mis-表示“错误地”:misunderstand误解
non-表示否定:nonstop直达的
post-表示“…后的”:postwar战后的
pre-表示“…前的”:prewar战前的
re-表示“重新”:rewrite重写
sub-表示“下面的”:subway地下铁路
super-表示“超级”:superfine特级的
un-表示否定:unimportant不重要的
二、常用后缀
1.名词后缀
-ee:employee雇员.trainee受训者
-er,-0r:writer作家,conctor导体
-ion,-tion,-ation:collection收集,composition作文,observation观察
-ist:artist艺术家,scientist科学家
-ment:arrangement安排,development 发展
-ness:kindness仁慈,happiness高兴
-ship:friendship友谊,membership会员 资格
2.动词后缀
-ify:beautify美化,simplify简化
ize:modernize现代化,standardize标准化
3.形容词后缀
-able,-ible,-ble:acceptable可接受的, divisible可分开的
-al:environmental环境的,exceptional 例外的
-ful:beautiful漂亮的,useful有用的
-less:careless粗心的,homeless无家可 归的
-ous:dangerous危险的,famous著名的
-ly:daily每天的,manly丈夫气概的
4.副词后缀
-ly:compeletely完全地,really真正地
-ward:backward向后,onward向前
-wise:clockwise顺时针地,likewise同样地

2. 举几个常见的几个英语中前缀和后缀

常用英语前缀后缀

一. 常见的前缀

1.表示否定意义的前缀

1)纯否定前缀

a-, an-,dis- in-, ig-, il, im, ir, ne-, n-, non-, neg-, un-

2)表示错误的意义

male-, mal-,mis-, pseudo-,

3)表示反动作的意思

de-,dis-, un-,

4)表示相反,相互对立意思

anti-, ant-contra-, contre-, contro-,counter-, ob-, oc-, of-, op-, with-,

2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀

1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”

2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧”

3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转”

4)de-, 表示“在下,向下”

5)en-, 表示“在内,进入”

6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外”

7)extra-, 表示“额外”

8)fore- 表示“在前面”

9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,背于”

10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间,相互”

11)intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧”

12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间”

13)out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,在外”

14)over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上”

15)post-, 表示"向后,在后边,次”

16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”

17)pro-, 表示“在前,向前”

18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面,下”

19)super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”

20)trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边”

21)under-, 表示“在…..下面,下的”

22)up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上”

3. 表示时间,序列关系的前缀

1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前,早于,预先”

2)ex-, 表示“先,故,旧”

3)fore-, 表示“在前面,先前,前面”

4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中,中间”

5)post-"表示“在后,后”

6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前,事先,预先”

7)pro-, 表示“在前,先,前”

8)re-, 表示“再一次,重新”

4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀

1)by-, 表示“副,次要的”

2)extra-,表示“超越,额外”

3)hyper- 表示“超过,极度”

4)out-,表示“超过,过分”

5)over-,表示“超过,过度,太”

6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低,次,副,亚”

7)super-, sur- 表示“超过”

8)under-,表示“低劣,低下”

9)vice- 表示“副,次”

5. 表示共同,相等意思的前缀

1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同,一起”。

2)syn-, syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,类”

6. 表示整个完全意思的前缀

1)al- 表示“完整,完全”alone, almost,

2) over-表示“完全,全”overall, overflow(充满)

3) pan-表示“全,总,万”panentheism(泛神论),panorama

7. 表示分离,离开意思的前缀

1)a- ab-, abs-,表示“分离,离开” away, apart, abstract, abstain

2)de- 表示“离去,处去”depart, decolour,

3)dis-, di-, dif-, 表示“分离,离开” divorce, disarm(缴械)

4)ex-, e-, 表示“离开,分离”expel, exclude, expatriate(驱出国外)

5)for- 表示“离开,脱离”forget, forgive

6)表示“离开”release, resolve

7)表示“分离,隔离”separate, sece, select

8. 表示通过,遍及意思的前缀

1)dia-,表示“通过,横过”diameter, diagram,

2)per-, pel-, 表示“通,总,遍”perfect, perform, pervade(浸透)

3)trans-, 表示“横过,贯通”transparent, transmit, transport

9. 表示加强意思的前缀

a-, ad-,

10. 表示变换词类作用的前缀

be-,

en-,

ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-,

11. 表示数量关系的前缀

1)表示“单一”,“一”

mon-, mon-,

uni-, un-,

2)表示“二,两,双”

ambi-,

bi-, bin-, di-,

twi-,

3)表示“十”deca, deco-, dec- deci-, hecto-, hect-, centi-,

5)表示"千,千分子一” kilo-,

6)表示"万,万分子一”

myria-, myri-,mega-, meg-, micro-,

7)表示"许多,复,多数”

multi-, mult-, poly-,

8)表示“半,一半”

hemi-, demi-,semi-, pene-, pen-

12. 表示特殊意义的前缀

1)arch-, 表示“首位,第一的,主要的”

2)auto-, 表示“自己,独立,自动”

3)bene-, 表示“善,福”

4)eu-, 表示“优,美好”eugenics(优生学),euphemism

5)male-, mal- 表示“恶,不良”maltreatment, malodor,

6)macro-, 表示“大,宏大”macroscopic(宏观)

7)magni-, 表示“大”magnificent

8)micro-, 表示“微”microscope

13. 表示术语的前缀

1)aud-, 表示“听,声”audience,

2)bio-, 表示“生命,生物”biography(传记)

3)ge-, 表示“地球,大地”geography

4)phon-, 表示“声,音调”phonograph

5)tele-, 表示“远离”television, telephone

二. 常见的后缀

1. 名词后缀

(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人

1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人,精通……的人”American, historian,

2)-al, 表示"具有……职务的人" principal,

3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者” merchant, agent, servant, student,

4)-ar, 表示"……的人” scholar, liar, peddler

5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者)

6)-arian, 表示"……派别的人, ……主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian

7)-ary, 表示"从事……的人" secretary, missionary

8)-ant, 表示"具有……职责的人" candidate, graate

9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" ecator, speculator(投机者)

10)-crat, 表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat

11)-ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee

12)-eer, 表示"从事于……人" engineer, volunteer

13)-er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager

14)-ese, 表示" ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese

15)-ess, 表示"阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, manageress

16)-eur, 表示"……家” amateur, littérateur

17)-ian, 表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician

18)-ician, 表示"精通者, ……家,”electrician, magician, technician

19)-icist, 表示"……家, …….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist

20)-ic, 表示"……者,……师" mechanic, critic

21)-ie, 表示"爱,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)

22)-ier, 表示"从事……职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠)

23)-ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina

24)-ist, 表示"从事……研究者,信仰……主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist

25)-ive, 表示"动作者,行为者” native, captive

26)-logist, 表示"……学家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家)

27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator,

28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster

29)-yer, 表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer

(2). 构成,具有抽象名词的含义

1)-acy, 表示"性质,状态,境遇" accuracy, diplomacy

2)-age, 表示"状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称" courage, storage, marriage

3)-al, a) 表示"事物的动作,过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval

b) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal

4)-ance, -ence表示"性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” enrance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience

5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质,状态,行为,过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,

6)-bility, 表示"动作,性质,状态" possibility, feasibility,

7)-craft, 表示"工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策)

8)-cracy, 表示"统治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy

9)-cy, 表示"性质,状态,职位,级别" bankruptcy(破产),supremacy

10)-dom, 表示"等级,领域,状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom

11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行为,状态,习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry

12)-ety, 表示"性质,状态” variety, biety(怀疑)

13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,……化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture

14)-hood, 表示"资格,身份, 年纪,状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood

15)-ice, 表示"行为,性质,状态" notice, justice, service

16)-ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine

17)-ing, 表示"动作的过程,结果" building, writing, learning

18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程,结果,状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

19)-ise, 表示"性质,状态” exercise, merchandise(商业)

20)-ism, 表示"制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism

21)-ity, 表示"性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity

22)-ment, 表示"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument

23)-mony, 表示"动作的结果,状态" ceremony, testimony

24)-ness, 表示"性质,状态,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness

25)-or, -our, 表示"动作,性质,状态" favor, error,

26)-osity, 表示"动作,状态” curiosity

27)-ship, 表示"情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship

28)-th, 表示"动作,性质,过程,状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

29)-tude, 表示"性质,状态,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)

30)-ure, 表示"行为,结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procere(手续),

31)-y, 表示"行为的结果,状态,性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry

(3) 带有场所,地方的含义

1)-age, 表示"住所,地点" village, cottage

2)-ary, 表示"住所,场地" library, granary (谷仓)

3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作场所,饲养所,地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)

4)-ory, 表示"工作场所,住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory

(4) 带有学术,科技含义

1)-grapy, 表示"……学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography

2)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics

3)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)

4)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)

5)-ery, 表示"学科,技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery

6)-y, 表示"……学,术,法” photography, philosophy

(5) 表示人和事物的总和,集合含义

1)-age, baggage, tonnage

2)-dom, newspaperdom(新闻界)

3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood

4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁)

5)-ure, legislature, judicature

(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义

1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant

2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报)

3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)

4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker

5)-ery, drapery(绸缎)

6)-ing, clothing, matting,

7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment

(7) 表示“细小”的含义

1)-cle, particle,

2)-cule, molecule(分子)

3)-el, parcel

4)-en, chicken, maiden

5)-et, pocket, ticket

6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)

7)-kin, napkin

8)-ling, ckling,

9)-let, booklet

10)-y, baby, doggy

2. 形容词后缀

(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义

1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible

2)-al, natural, additional, ecational

3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican

4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent

5)-ar, similar, popular, regular

6)-ary, military, voluntary

7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,

8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine

9)-ing, moving, touching, daring

10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish

11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive

12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory

13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)

(2) 表示“相象,类似”的含义

1)-ish, boyish, childish

2)-esque, picturesque

3)-like, manlike, childlike

4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

5)-some, troublesome, handsome

6)-y, milky, pasty

(3) 表示“充分的”含义

1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various

3)-ent, violent,

(4) 表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义

1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen

2)-ous, gaseous

3)-fic, scientific

(5) 表示方向的含义

1)-ern, eastern, western

2)-ward, downward, forward

(6) 表示“倍数”的含义

1)-ble, double, treble

2)ple, triple

3)-fold, twofold, tenfold

(7) 表示“数量关系”的含义

1)-teen, thirteen

2)-ty, fifty

3)-th, fourth, fiftieth

(8) 表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义

1)-an, Roman, European

2)-ese, Chinese,

3)-ish, English, Spanish

(9) 表示“比较程度”的含义

1)-er, greater

2)-ish, reddish, yellowish

3)-est, highest

4)-most, foremost, topmost

(10)其他的含义

-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless

3. 动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成,变成,……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize

2)-en, 表示"使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden

3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

4)-ish, 表示"使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate, 表示“成为……,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate

4. 副词后缀

1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply

2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward

3)-ways, always, sideways

4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise

3. 帮我整理一下英语词汇中的前缀和后缀

前缀
一.表示否定的前缀
1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前
incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前
impossible(不可能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)
4.il-加在以1开头的词前
illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)
5.ir-加在以r开头的词前
irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)
6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前
unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)
7.non-加在形容词,名词前
non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)
8.mis-加在动词、名词之前
misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸)
9.dis-加在动词之前
disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)
10.de-加在名词,形容词之前
demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)
11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前
anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidote(解毒药)
12.counter-加在名词、动词前
counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)
二.表示“前before”的前缀
1.pre-
preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的) preface(前言)
2.Ante-
anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)
3.Fore-
forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)
4.Pro-
programme(计划),prologue(序幕)
5.Ex-
ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)
三.表示“后-post”的前缀
1.post-
post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)
四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀
1.Hypo-
Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)
2.Infra-
Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)
3.Sub-
Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)
五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.Re-
Refuel(给…加油),retranslate(再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
2.Retro-
Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)
六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
1.Co-
co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-ecation(男女同校)
七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.Inter-
Interchangeble(可互换的),interdependent(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)
八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀
1.Ec-
Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)
2.Extra-
Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)
九.表示“超过”的前缀
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-
hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)
十.其它的前缀
1.auto-自
automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)
2.mal-坏,恶
Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)
3.Micro-
Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)
4.Tele-远
Telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi-
Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)
Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)
7.Bi-,di-二
Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)
8.Tri-三
Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)
9.Multi-多
multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)
10.Poly –多
Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch-首领
archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)
12.bene-善,好
benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)
13.homo-同
homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)
14.neo新
neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)
15.ortho-正确,直
orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)
16.philo-挚爱
philosopher(哲学家)
17.proto-原始
protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)
18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的
pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共产主义)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自
avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-来自
apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)
21.se-分离
separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)
22.para-防
parachute(降落伞),
23.omni-所有的,公共的
omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence(万能)
24.pan-全,泛
Pan-American(全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)
25.panto-全
pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)
26.dia-通过,借以
diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)
27.Per-通过,彻底,不利
perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的
28.trans-通过,横过
transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation(翻译),transparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全
comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption(贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)
30.syn-共同
synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之后
metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)
32.Cis-在这一边
cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)
33.pen-几乎,相近
peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使……
encamp(扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))
35.intro内在
intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)
36.intro-到……中
introce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)
37.dys-坏
dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)
38.Eu-优,美好
eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)
39.ambi-,amphi-两者
amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)
40.penta-五
pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)
41.sex-六
sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)
42. sept-七
September九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)
43.hepta-七
heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct八
octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九
nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)
46.deci-,deca-十
decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)
47.centi-百
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)
48.milli-千
millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
49.Kilo-千
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)

后缀
后缀-名词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet
3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词: usherette
4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood
6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,ecation,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词: organization,foundation
9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement
10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
[编辑本段]后缀-动词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify, diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
[编辑本段]后缀-形容词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly
4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like
5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish
6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing; having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical
10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory
11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious
12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic
13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
[编辑本段]后缀-副词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)
例词:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,ecationwise

4. 常见英语前缀和后缀

一、常见英语前缀

1、a-在……之上‖.在(船、飞机、车)上

2、ab-, abs-离开,偏离‖abnormala.反常的

3、anti-先‖anticipatevt.预期

4、ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-表加强意‖accusevt.指控

5、bene-好‖beneficiala.有益的

6、bio-生命‖biologyn.生物学

7、cata-向下‖catalog(ue)n.目录

8、col-, com-, con-, co-, cor-共同,一起‖combatn.战斗

9、contra-相反‖contrastv.对比,对照

10、de-离;加强词意‖departvi.离开;背离

11、di-, dif-, dis-分开‖discardvt.丢弃

12、dia-穿过‖diametern.直径

13、e-, ef-, ex-出,出来‖exportv.出口

14、em-, en-在……之中;使……‖enclosevt.围住

15、fore-前‖foreheadn.前额

16、i-, il-, im-, in-不‖indifferenta.不关心的

17、im-, il-在……上‖imposevt.把……强加于

18、in-进入;向……‖indicatevt.表明,示意

19、inter-在……之间‖interferevi.干涉

20、micro-, mini-小‖microwaven.微波

21、multi-许多‖multiplea.复合的,多重的

22、non-不‖nonsensen.废话

23、ob-, op-相反‖opposevt.反对

24、out-向外,出来‖outletn.出口

25、over-越过‖overlookvt.忽视

26、per-穿过‖perspectiven.视角

27、pre-在…之前‖pregnanta.怀孕的

28、pro-向前‖promotevt.促进

29、re-向后;再次‖recallvt.回忆起

30、semi-半‖semiconctorn.半导体

31、sub-在……下‖subwayn.地铁

32、super-在……之上,超级的‖superiora.优于……的

33、trans-横过,越过‖transplantvt.移栽

34、tri-三‖trianglen.三角

35、un-不‖uncovervt.揭露

36、under-在……下面,低于……‖underlinevt.在……下面划线

37、uni-一个‖uniquea.唯一的,独特的

二、常见英语后缀

1、动词后缀:-ate,-en, -(i)fy, -ish, -ize/ise

2、副词后缀:-ly,-ward(s), -way(s)

3、形容词后缀:-able/ible,-al/ial,-full, -ic, -ish, -ive, -ly

4、表示“人”的名词后缀:-ist,-man, -er/or, -ee, -ant

5、表示“小”的名词后缀:-el,-let, -(c)ule

6、抽象名词后缀:-ion,-hood, -ic(s), -ism, -ship, -ty


(4)英语四级中常见的前缀和后缀扩展阅读

一个英语单词可以分为三个部分:前缀(prefix),词根(stem)及后缀(suffix)。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀。前缀,可以改变单词的意思。

5. 英文中有哪些常用的前缀和后缀

一、常用的前缀和后缀

1、常用前缀
aero-: the air of aircraft
plane—aeroplane
space—aerospace

anti-:against;opposite of
nuclear—antinuclear
matter—antimatter
war—antiwar

auto-:of or by oneself
biography—autobiography
criticism—autocriticism

be-:to treat as the stated thing
friend—befriend
little—belittle

bi-:two;twice;double
lingual—bilingual
cycle—bicycle

bio-:concerning living things
chemistry—biochemistry
sphere—biosphere

by-,bye-:less important
proce—by-proce
way—byway

centi-:hundredth part
grade—centigrade
meter—centimeter

co-:together,with
author—coauthor
exist—coexist

col-:( used before l ) together,with
location—collocation

com-:( used before b,m,p ) together,with
passion—compassion

con-:together,with
centric—concentric
federation—confederation

contra-:opposite
diction—contradiction
natural—contranatural

cor-:( used before r ) together,with
relate—correlate
respond—correspond

counter-:opposite
act—counteract
attack—counterattack

cross-:across;going between the stated things and joining them
country—crosscountry
breed—crossbreed

de-:showing an opposite;to remove;to rece
code—decode
value—devalue

dis-:not;the opposite of
advantage—disadvantage
agree—disagree
honest—dishonest

em-:( used before b,m,p ) to cause to become
body—embody
power—empower

en-:to cause to become;to make
danger—endanger
large—enlarge

ex-:former ( and still living )
minister—ex-minister
wife—ex-wife

extra-:outside;beyond
curricular—extracurricular
ordinary—extraordinary

fore-:in advance,before;in or at the front
arm—forearm
warn—forewarn

il-:( used before l ) not
legal—illegal
literate—illiterate

im-:( used before b,m,p ) not
moral—immoral
possible—impossible

in-:not
direct—indirect
sensitive—insensitive

infra-:below in a range;beyond
red—infrared
structure——infrastructure

inter-:between;among
change——interchange
national——international

intra-:inside,within;into
city——intracity
department——intra-department

ir-:(used before r)not
regular——irregular
responsible——irresponsible

kilo-:thousand
gram——kilogram
meter——kilometer

macro-:large,esp. concerning a whole system rather than
particular parts of
economics——macroeconomics
structure——macrostructure

mal-:bad or badly
function——malfunction
treat——maltreat

micro-:extremely small
computer——microcomputer
electronics——microelectronics

mid-:middle
day——midday
night——midnight

mini-:small;short
bus——minibus
skirt——miniskirt

mis-:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly
fortune——misfortune
understand——misunderstand

mono-:one;single
plane——monoplane
tone——monotone

multi-:more than one;many
purpose——multipurpose
national——multinational

non-:not
resident——non(-)resident
sense——nonsense

out-:outside;beyond
live——outlive
door——outdoor

over-:too much;above;additional
head——overhead
time——overtime

poly-:many
centric——polycentric
syllabic——polysyllabic

post-:later than;after
graate——postgraate
war——postwar

pre-:before;in advance
pay——prepay
war——prewar

pro-:in favor of,supporting
America——pro-America
abortion——pro-abortion

pseudo-:not real;false
name——pseudonym
science——pseudoscience

re-:again;back to the former state
unite——reunite
use——reuse

self-:by means of oneself or itself;of,to,with,for,or in
oneself or itself
employed——self-employed
taught——self-taught

semi-:half;partly
circle——semicircle
final——semifinal

step-:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
mother——stepmother
children——stepchildren

sub-:under,below;less important;part of the stated bigger
whole
divide——subdivide
section——subsection

super-:more,larger,greater than usual
market——supermarket
natural——supernatural

tele-:at or over a long distance;by or for television
communication——telecommunication
screen——telescreen

therm(o)-:concerning heat
chemistry——thermochemistry
meter——thermometer

trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between
Atlantic—transatlantic
plant—transplant

tri-: three; three times
angular—triangular
cycle—tricycle

ultra-: beyond; very, extremely
modern—ultramodern
sound—ultrasound

un-: not
certain—uncertain
fortunate—unfortunate

under-: too little; below
develop—underdevelop
sea—undersea

uni-: one, singer
form—uniform
directional—unidirectional

vice-: next in the rank; below
chairman—vice-chairman
president—vice-president

2.常用后缀
(1)名词后缀
-ability,-ibility
able—ability
flexible—flexibility

-age
post—postage
short—shortage

-al
arrive—arrival
refuse—refusal

-an,-ian,-arian
library—librarian
music—musician

-ance,-ence
appear—appearance
refer—reference

-ancy,-ency
emerge—emergency
expect—expectancy

-ant,-ent
apply—applicant
correspond—correspondent
-cy
accurate—accuratcy
private—privacy

-dom
king—kingdom
free—freedom

-ee
employ—employee
interview—interviewee

-er,-or,-ar
paint—painter
beg—beggar

-ery
brave—bravery
slave—slavery

-ese
China—Chinaese
Japan—Japanese

-ess
actor—actress
waiter—waitress

-ful
hand—handful
spoon—spoonful

-hood
child—childhood
man—manhood

-ics
electron—electronics
linguist—linguistics

-ion,-ition,-ation
collect—collection
observe—observation

-ism
Marx—Marxism
socialist—socialism

-ist
psychiatry—psychiatrist
violin—violinist

-ity,-ty
cruel—cruelty
pure—purity

-ment
move—movement
retire——retirement

-ness
dark——darkness
happy——happiness

-ology
climate——climatology
future——futurology

-ship
friend——friendship
scholar——scholarship

-sion,-ssion
decide——decision
expand——expansion

-th
grow——growth
wide——width

-ure
close——closure
expose——exposure

(2)动词前缀
-en
deep——deepen
fast——fasten

-ify
class——classify
simple——simplify

-ize,-ise
modern——modernize / modernize
popular——popularize / popularize

(3)形容词后缀
-able,-ible
suit——suitable
question——questionable

-al
nature——natural
structure——structural

-an,-arian,-ian
suburb——suburban
Canada——Canadian

-ant,-ent
differ——different
please——pleasant

-ary,-ory
advise——advisory
custom——customary

-ate
consider——considerate
fortune——fortunate

-en
gold——golden
wood——wooden

-ese
China——Chinese
Japan——Japanese

-free
care——carefree
ty——ty-free

-ful
care——careful
pain——painful

-ic,-ical
atom——atomic
psychology——psychological

-ish
girl——girlish
child——childish

-ive
create——creative
support——supportive

-less
hope——hopeless
pain——painless

-like
child——childlike
lady——ladylike

-ly
man——manly
month——monthly

-ous,-ious
danger——dangerous
poison——poisonous

-some
tire——tiresome
trouble——troublesome

-ward
down——downward
up——upward

-y
guilt-guilty
noise-noisy

(4)副词后缀
-ly
easy-easily
heavy-heavily

-ward,-wards
east-eastward(s)
north-northward(s)

-wise
clock-clockwise
other-otherwise

http://www.fy888.net/english/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=53321
参考资料:http://www.mehome.net/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=2127

6. 英语常用前缀后缀的含义

一、常用的前缀和后缀

1、常用前缀
aero-:concerning the air of aircraft
plane—aeroplane
space—aerospace

anti-:against;opposite of
nuclear—antinuclear
matter—antimatter
war—antiwar

auto-:of or by oneself
biography—autobiography
criticism—autocriticism

be-:to treat as the stated thing
friend—befriend
little—belittle

bi-:two;twice;double
lingual—bilingual
cycle—bicycle

bio-:concerning living things
chemistry—biochemistry
sphere—biosphere

by-,bye-:less important
proce—by-proce
way—byway

centi-:hundredth part
grade—centigrade
meter—centimeter

co-:together,with
author—coauthor
exist—coexist

col-:( used before l ) together,with
location—collocation

com-:( used before b,m,p ) together,with
passion—compassion

con-:together,with
centric—concentric
federation—confederation

contra-:opposite
diction—contradiction
natural—contranatural

cor-:( used before r ) together,with
relate—correlate
respond—correspond

counter-:opposite
act—counteract
attack—counterattack

cross-:across;going between the stated things and joining them
country—crosscountry
breed—crossbreed

de-:showing an opposite;to remove;to rece
code—decode
value—devalue

dis-:not;the opposite of
advantage—disadvantage
agree—disagree
honest—dishonest

em-:( used before b,m,p ) to cause to become
body—embody
power—empower

en-:to cause to become;to make
danger—endanger
large—enlarge

ex-:former ( and still living )
minister—ex-minister
wife—ex-wife

extra-:outside;beyond
curricular—extracurricular
ordinary—extraordinary

fore-:in advance,before;in or at the front
arm—forearm
warn—forewarn

il-:( used before l ) not
legal—illegal
literate—illiterate

im-:( used before b,m,p ) not
moral—immoral
possible—impossible

in-:not
direct—indirect
sensitive—insensitive

infra-:below in a range;beyond
red—infrared
structure——infrastructure

inter-:between;among
change——interchange
national——international

intra-:inside,within;into
city——intracity
department——intra-department

ir-:(used before r)not
regular——irregular
responsible——irresponsible

kilo-:thousand
gram——kilogram
meter——kilometer

macro-:large,esp. concerning a whole system rather than
particular parts of
economics——macroeconomics
structure——macrostructure

mal-:bad or badly
function——malfunction
treat——maltreat

micro-:extremely small
computer——microcomputer
electronics——microelectronics

mid-:middle
day——midday
night——midnight

mini-:small;short
bus——minibus
skirt——miniskirt

mis-:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly
fortune——misfortune
understand——misunderstand

mono-:one;single
plane——monoplane
tone——monotone

multi-:more than one;many
purpose——multipurpose
national——multinational

non-:not
resident——non(-)resident
sense——nonsense

out-:outside;beyond
live——outlive
door——outdoor

over-:too much;above;additional
head——overhead
time——overtime

poly-:many
centric——polycentric
syllabic——polysyllabic

post-:later than;after
graate——postgraate
war——postwar

pre-:before;in advance
pay——prepay
war——prewar

pro-:in favor of,supporting
America——pro-America
abortion——pro-abortion

pseudo-:not real;false
name——pseudonym
science——pseudoscience

re-:again;back to the former state
unite——reunite
use——reuse

self-:by means of oneself or itself;of,to,with,for,or in
oneself or itself
employed——self-employed
taught——self-taught

semi-:half;partly
circle——semicircle
final——semifinal

step-:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
mother——stepmother
children——stepchildren

sub-:under,below;less important;part of the stated bigger
whole
divide——subdivide
section——subsection

super-:more,larger,greater than usual
market——supermarket
natural——supernatural

tele-:at or over a long distance;by or for television
communication——telecommunication
screen——telescreen

therm(o)-:concerning heat
chemistry——thermochemistry
meter——thermometer

trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between
Atlantic—transatlantic
plant—transplant

tri-: three; three times
angular—triangular
cycle—tricycle

ultra-: beyond; very, extremely
modern—ultramodern
sound—ultrasound

un-: not
certain—uncertain
fortunate—unfortunate

under-: too little; below
develop—underdevelop
sea—undersea

uni-: one, singer
form—uniform
directional—unidirectional

vice-: next in the rank; below
chairman—vice-chairman
president—vice-president

2.常用后缀
(1)名词后缀
-ability,-ibility
able—ability
flexible—flexibility

-age
post—postage
short—shortage

-al
arrive—arrival
refuse—refusal

-an,-ian,-arian
library—librarian
music—musician

-ance,-ence
appear—appearance
refer—reference

-ancy,-ency
emerge—emergency
expect—expectancy

-ant,-ent
apply—applicant
correspond—correspondent
-cy
accurate—accuratcy
private—privacy

-dom
king—kingdom
free—freedom

-ee
employ—employee
interview—interviewee

-er,-or,-ar
paint—painter
beg—beggar

-ery
brave—bravery
slave—slavery

-ese
China—Chinaese
Japan—Japanese

-ess
actor—actress
waiter—waitress

-ful
hand—handful
spoon—spoonful

-hood
child—childhood
man—manhood

-ics
electron—electronics
linguist—linguistics

-ion,-ition,-ation
collect—collection
observe—observation

-ism
Marx—Marxism
socialist—socialism

-ist
psychiatry—psychiatrist
violin—violinist

-ity,-ty
cruel—cruelty
pure—purity

-ment
move—movement
retire——retirement

-ness
dark——darkness
happy——happiness

-ology
climate——climatology
future——futurology

-ship
friend——friendship
scholar——scholarship

-sion,-ssion
decide——decision
expand——expansion

-th
grow——growth
wide——width

-ure
close——closure
expose——exposure

(2)动词前缀
-en
deep——deepen
fast——fasten

-ify
class——classify
simple——simplify

-ize,-ise
modern——modernize / modernize
popular——popularize / popularize

(3)形容词后缀
-able,-ible
suit——suitable
question——questionable

-al
nature——natural
structure——structural

-an,-arian,-ian
suburb——suburban
Canada——Canadian

-ant,-ent
differ——different
please——pleasant

-ary,-ory
advise——advisory
custom——customary

-ate
consider——considerate
fortune——fortunate

-en
gold——golden
wood——wooden

-ese
China——Chinese
Japan——Japanese

-free
care——carefree
ty——ty-free

-ful
care——careful
pain——painful

-ic,-ical
atom——atomic
psychology——psychological

-ish
girl——girlish
child——childish

-ive
create——creative
support——supportive

-less
hope——hopeless
pain——painless

-like
child——childlike
lady——ladylike

-ly
man——manly
month——monthly

-ous,-ious
danger——dangerous
poison——poisonous

-some
tire——tiresome
trouble——troublesome

-ward
down——downward
up——upward

-y
guilt-guilty
noise-noisy

(4)副词后缀
-ly
easy-easily
heavy-heavily

-ward,-wards
east-eastward(s)
north-northward(s)

-wise
clock-clockwise
other-otherwise

http://www.fy888.net/english/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=53321

7. 英语常见的前缀后缀所表达的意思

一.表示否定的前缀
1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前
incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前
impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)
4.il-加在以1开头的词前
illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)
5.ir-加在以r开头的词前
irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)
6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前
unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)
7.non-加在形容词,名词前
non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)
8.mis-加在动词、名词之前
misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸)
9.dis-加地动词之前
disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)
10.de-加在名词,形容词之前
demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)
11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前
anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药)
12.counter-加在名词、动词前
counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)
二.表示“前before”的前缀
1.pre-
preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的) preface(前言)
2.Ante-
anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)
3.Fore-
forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)
4.Pro-
programme(计划),prologue(序幕)
5.Ex-
ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)
三.表示“后-post”的前缀
1.post-
post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)
四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀
1.Hypo-
Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)
2.Infra-
Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)
3.Sub-
Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)
五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.Re-
Refuel(给…加油),retranslate(再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
2.Retro-
Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)
六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
1.Co-
co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-ecation(男女同校)
七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.Inter-
Interchangeble(可互换的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)
八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀
1.Ec-
Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)
2.Extra-
Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)
九.表示“超过”的前缀
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-
hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)
十.其它的前缀
1.auto-自
automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)
2.mal-坏,恶
Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)
3.Micro-
Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)
4.Tele-远
Telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi-
Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)
Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)
7.Bi-,di-二
Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)
8.Tri-三
Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)
9.Multi-多
multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)
10.Poly –多
Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch-首领
archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)
12.bene-善,好
benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)
13.homo-同
homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)
14.neo新
neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)
15.ortho-正确,直
orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)
16.philo-挚爱
philosopher(哲学家)
17.proto-原始
protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)
18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的
pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共产主义)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自
avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-来自
apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)
21.se-分离
separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)
22.para-防
parachute(降落伞),
23.omni-所有的,公共的
omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence(万能)
24.pan-全,泛
Pan-American(全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)
25.panto-全
pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)
26.dia-通过,借以
diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)
27.Per-通过,彻底,不利
perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的
28.trans-通过,横过
transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation(翻译),trxnsparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全
comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption(贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)
30.syn-共同
synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之后
metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)
32.Cis-在这一边
cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)
33.pen-几乎,相近
peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使……
encamp(扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))
35.intro内在
intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)
36.intro-到……中
introce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)
37.dys-坏
dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)
38.Eu-优,美好
eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)
39.ambi-,amphi-两者
amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)
40.penta-五
pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)
41.sex-六
sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)
42. sept-七
September九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)
43.hepta-七
heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct八
octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九
nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)
46.deci-,deca-十
decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)
47.centi-百
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)
48.milli-千
millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
49.Kilo-千
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)
后缀
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet
3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词: usherette
4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood
6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,ecation,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词: organization,foundation
9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement
10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
二、动词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify, diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
三、形容词后缀:
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly
4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like
5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish
6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing; having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical
10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory
11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious
12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic
13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
四、副词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)
例词:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as
far as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,ecationwise
有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting

8. 英语的前缀和后缀汇总

PREFIX
1.a-:of;on;intensive;negative,not,without;ad-;ab-.
2.ab-:away from,off.
3. ad-:to;at;for.
4. aer(o)- :relating to air .
5.al-:all.
6.ambi-:on both sides,around.
7.amphi-:on both sides,around.
8.an-:negative,not,without.
9.ana-:upon,up,on.
10.ante-:before.
11.anti-:against.
12.arch-:chief,first .
13.astro- :relating to stars .(planets \space )
14.aqu(a)-:relating to water.
15.audi (o)-:relating to sound and hearing .
16.auto-:self,without help .
17.be-:to make;to cover with;upon;by;intensive.
18.bene-:well,good.
19.bi-:double,two.
20.bio- :relating to life and living things .
21.by-:less important ;near .
22.cata-:down,downwoards.
23.cent(i)-:hundred ,hundredth .
24.circum-:around,round about.
25.con-:together with,wholly.
26.contra-:against,opposit.(contro-,counter-)
27.cross-:through;across;many.
28.de-:down,downward;apart;negative;intensive.
29.deca-:ten.
30.deci- :tenth .
31.demi-:half.
32.di-:double,twice.
33.dia-:through,between,across.
34.dich(o)-:two.
35.dis-:apart; negative;intensive.
36.o-:two,double.(-,dou-,do-)
37.dys-:badly,ill.
38.en-:to make;to put in(on \around ).
39.epi-:upon.
40.eu-:well.
41.ever-:more and more,always.
42.ex-:out,outward;beyond;former.
43.extra-:beyond.
44.for-:away from.
45.fore-:before.
46.forth-:towards.
47.geo- :relating to earth .
48.hecto-:hundred.
49.hemi-:half.
50.hetero-:other,different.
51.hexa-:six.
52.homo-:same.
53.hyper-:above,beyond.
54.hypo-:under.
55.hydr(o)-:relating to water or hydrogen.
56.in-:into;negative,not,without.
57. infr(a)-:under,after.
58. inter-:between,among.(enter-,intel-)
59. intr-:within,inward.
60. iso-:equal,same.
61. kilo-:thousand.
62. macro-:large,long.
63. mal(e)-:badly,ill.
64.matr(i)-:relating to woman.
65. mega-:large,strong,million.
66. meta-:above;behind;of change.
67. micro-:small.
68.mid- :middle .
69. milli-:thousand,thousandth.
70.mini-:small.
71. mis-:wrong(ly),bad(ly),ill.
72.mono-:single,sole,alone.
73.mult(i)-:many,much.
74.ne-:negative,not,without.
75.neo-:new.
76.non-:not.
77.ob-:against;towards;intensive.
78.octa-:eight,eighth.(octo-)
79.omni-:all.
80.out-:out,outward;beyond.〔超越、胜过〕
81.over-:above;beyond;upside-down.〔过度,颠倒〕
82.paleo-:ancient.
83.pan(to)-:all.
84.para-: like;beside;beyond; against(抗、防)
85.pen-:almost.
86.penta-:five.
87.per-:through,thoroughly,away.
88.peri-:around,round about.
89.photo- :relating to light .
90.poly-:many.
91.post-:after,behind.
92.pre-:before.
93.pro-:in favor of ;in public;in place of;before,
forward.
94.prot(o)-:chief,first.
95.pseudo-:false.
96.psycho- :relating to the mind .
97.quadr(i)-:four.
98.qat(e)r-:four.
99.quasi-:like;partly.〔类似的、部分的、准的〕
100.quint-:five.(quinque-)
101.re-:again,back.
102.retr(o)-:backward.[向后、追溯、归还]
103.se-:apart,away.
104.semi-:half;partly.
105.sept-:seven.
106.sex-:six.
107.step-:orphaned.〔后、继〕
108.sub-:under.[分、支,次、亚]
109.super-:above,over.(sove-,sop-,sur-)
110.syn-:together,with,same.
112.tele-:far away.
113.tetra-:four.
114.trans-:across;change.(tra-,tran-,tres-)
115.tri-:three,threefold.
116.twi-:two.
117.ultra-:beyond.
118.un-:not;the reversal of an action〔相反的动作〕。
119.under-:under,beneath.
120.un(i)-:one.〔统一〕
121.up-:up,aloft.
122.vice-:in place of.〔代替、代理、副的〕
123.with-:against,backward.

SUFFIX
1.-aholic:┅┅对上瘾的人;┅┅狂。(-oholic)
2.-eer:┅┅专家,从事┅┅职业的人
3. -esque:风格,式样。
4. -ette: small小。
5. -fold:times倍,重。
6.-like:像的,相同的。
7.-logy :the science or study of
8.-let:small小
9.-most: most 最
10.-mania:┅┅癖,┅┅欲。
11.-phile:爱好……的人,……爱好者。
12.-philia:爱好,崇拜
13.-phobia :恐惧,憎恶
14.-ship : ①处于……状态
②技巧,技艺
15.-some: ①造成……的,产生……的
②一双,一对
16.-ster :从事……的人,……类型的人
17.-wise \-ways: ①以……方式,向……方向
②关于

9. 请高手指教英语中得各种前缀\后缀的意义和用法,不胜感激!(最近忙着准备四级考试,单词基本就认识,累啊!)

这个问题太··· 不过 我现在也闲着 就回答一下吧
常用前缀:
aero- 空气 天空 太空
anti-反对 防止
auto-自己
be-使 视为
bi-二 两次
bio-生物的 生命的
by- bye- 次要的 附带的
centi-百
co- col- com- con- cor- 共同 一起 联合
contra- counter-反对 相反
de-否定 除去 低下
dis-否定 相对
em- en- 变成 变得 使
ex-以前的
extra-在··之外 越出 超出
fore-预先 前 前部
il- im- in- ir- 不 非 无
intra- 在下 超过
kilo-千
macro-大的 大规模的
mal-坏
micro-微 微小
mid-在中间
mini-小的 短的
mis-坏 错
mono-单 一
multi-多
non-不 非 无
out-在外 胜过
over-过度 过多 在上 额外
poly-多
post-后
pre-前 先
pro-亲 支持
pseudo-假 伪
re-再 又 重新
self-自己 自我
semi-半 部分
step-后 继
sub-下 次 低于
super-上 超
tele-远的 电视的
therm(o)-热的
trans-横过 超越 进入另一边 中间
tri-三倍 三
ultra-超过 极端 过分
un-不 非 无
under-不足 下
uni-单 一
vice-副 低于

常用后缀
名词后缀
-ability,-ibility , ability flexibility
-age , postage shortage
-al , arrival refusal
-an -ian -arian ,librarian
-ance -ence,appearance reference
-ancy -ency,emergency
-ant -ent ,applicant
-cy , accuracy
-dom , freedom
-ee , employee
-er -or -ar , painter
-ery , slavery
-ese chinese
-ess actress
-ful handfull
-hood childhood
-ics
-ion -ition -ation
-ism
-ist
-ity -ty
-ment
-ness
-ology
-ship
-sion -ssion
-th
-ure
-en
-ify
-ize -ise
形容词后缀
-able -ible
-al
-an -arian -ian
-ant -ent
-ary -ory
-ate
-en
-ese
-free
-ful
-ic -ical
-ish
-ive
-less
-like
-ly
-ous -ious
-some
-ward
-y
副词后缀
-ly
-ward -wards
-wise
要上课了 后面就写得比较简略··· 你自己可以查查咯 这样印象更深刻

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