英語寫作參考文獻

『壹』 學術論文寫作的參考文獻中，引用英文期刊的標准格式是怎樣的

參考文獻標准格式

參考文獻類型及標識
專著 ［M］，論文集［C］，報紙文章［N］，期刊文章［J］，學位論文［D］，報告［R］，標准［S］，專利［P］，論文集中的析出文獻［A］
電子文獻類型：資料庫［DB］，計算機［CP］，電子公告［EB］
電子文獻的載體類型：互聯網［OL］，光碟［CD］，磁帶［MT］，磁碟［DK］

A：專著、論文集、學位論文、報告
［序號］主要責任者.文獻題名［文獻類型標識］.出版地：出版者，出版年.起止頁碼（可選）
［1］劉國鈞，陳紹業.圖書館目錄［M］.北京：高等教育出版社，1957.15-18

B:期刊文章
［序號］主要責任者.文獻題名［J］.刊名，年，卷（期）：起止頁碼
［1］何齡修.讀顧城《南明史》［J］.中國史研究，1998,(3):167-173.
［2］OU J P，SOONG T T，et al.Recent advance in research onapplications of passive energy dissipation systems［J］.EarthquackEng,1997,38(3):358-361

C:論文集中的析出文獻
［序號］析出文獻主要責任者.析出文獻題名［A］.原文獻主要責任者（可選）.原文獻題名［C］.出版地：出版者，出版年.起止頁碼
［7］鍾文發.非線性規劃在可燃毒物配置中的應用［A］.趙煒.運籌學的理論與應用--中國運籌學會論文集［C］.西安：西安電子科技大學出版社，1996.468

D：報紙文章
［序號］主要責任者.文獻題名［N］.報紙名，出版日期（版次）
［8］謝希德.創造學習的新思路［N］.人民日報，1998-12-25（10）

E：電子文獻
[文獻類型/載體類型標識] [J/OL]網上期刊
[EB/OL]網上電子公告 [M/CD]光碟圖書
[DB/OL]網上資料庫 [DB/MT]磁帶資料庫

［序號］主要責任者.電子文獻題名［電子文獻及載體類型標識］.電子文獻的出版或獲得地址，發表更新日期/引用日期
［12］王明亮.關於中國學術期刊標准化資料庫系統工程的進展［EB/OL］.

『貳』 寫論文時，如果要引用一些網站上的文章，在參考文獻里應該怎麼寫呢

若引用網站來上的文章，即電源子文獻，參考文獻的格式為：

[序號]主要責任者.電子文獻題名[電子文獻及載體類型標識].電子文獻的出版或獲得地址，發表更新日期/引用日期

其中，電子文獻及載體類型標識有以下幾類：

[J/OL]：網上期刊

[EB/OL]：網上電子公告

[M/CD]：光碟圖書

[DB/OL]：網上資料庫

[DB/MT]：磁帶資料庫

例如：

[12]王明亮.關於中國學術期刊標准化資料庫系統工程的進展[EB/OL].

[8]萬錦.中國大學學報文摘（1983-1993）.英文版[DB/CD].北京：中國大網路全書出版社，1996.

(2)英語寫作參考文獻擴展閱讀

根據國家標准GB-3469的規定，通常以下列字母標識以下各種參考文獻類型：

1、參考文獻類型：專著[M]，論文集[C]，報紙文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，學位論文[D]，報告[R]，標准[S]，專利[P]，論文集中的析出文獻[A]

2、電子文獻類型：資料庫[DB]，計算機[CP]，電子公告[EB]

3、電子文獻的載體類型：互聯網[OL]，光碟[CD]，磁帶[MT]，磁碟[DK]

『叄』 急需:英語論文「略談《簡·愛》中的偉大母愛」的開題報告(中英文題目、英文寫作思路及參考文獻)

Of twists and turns in the journey of life, who give you the most sincere and warm care, greetings to you who is, always give your selfless dedication; who worked tirelessly to teach the truth with your interaction with others; who is for you trivia worry? Yes! Great maternal love. Maternal love is selfless and unceasing. A mother is not no love for their children. Anyway, after all, are the maternal life the most sincere and most difficult to let go of the feelings.

Hemerocallis Sheng Tang stage, wandering the line End of the World; mother by a break and not see day lily flowers. Mother hands line, wandering clothing. Departure sew, For fear. Who is the inch of grass, reported in the apartments. These are poems of Meng Jiao, sons and daughters expressed gratitude to the mother, praised the world's greatest mother love, motherly love, what a divine, what a great word, the word includes all the love, it is love byword

Maternal, influence everything. When you have to withstand the pressures brought about by the outside world, the mother from the top of your piece of the sky, to resist all the wind and rain; when your heart is no comfort, she enlighten you, ecate you, teach you "step backward" in philosophy; When you encounter difficulties and setbacks or in a bad mood while she blew her top when she was still strong enough to enre in silence, but to enlighten; when you're learning because of fatigue, upset, she would send a cup of hot tea, not to be in any language, all feelings were translated into tears fall on your palm, nothing at all, maternal love, but simply want us to feel the warmth and love it. Mother's love is not deep, it in life. She is my favorite person in the world, but also my most trusted friends.

Maternal love, sincere and selfless. When you are in danger, she was desperate to help you, even if the loss of life would complain; when you feel the pain of despair, she is more painful than you sad, but it must be strong to comfort you, make you feel at ease; when please you pleasure, she will accompany you to share his joy, but it will not occupy more than a little, let your heart be empty nothing. Friends may be enemies, but the mother does not. Even how much you hurt her heart, she still loves you, as always, but my mother does not need to return, I know, my mother's love, with my life is not yet clear. This love is too strong.

Maternal love, asking nothing in return. When your birthday, she seemed much excited, nervous, make arrangements for you all, down from year to year, always remember than you know. And when I arrived at her birthday, but never saw her too much make arrangements, but still maintain the look of the TV drama smile, silently accept you forget her birthday and her indifference, grew up, I know my mother As long as I have been good, the other to pay more, are only secondary. I also learned not to let my mother sad, not let her down.

Maternal love, never stops. At home, her love surrounded me like a lot of ideas; accompany the mother of truth and warmth of my time infection, maternal love is really very great, even if you every day with her and always felt her love. Sometimes rebellious, tired just want to express his love to her but no performance, so another way to let her attention. Mother's Love does not need arrangements, as long as the hard feelings, she is in you by my side. Of course, the occasion of the maternal ho knows no boundaries, but also the savior of women themselves. As long as she thought of the children, do children think of an example, think of the children must not live their lives so that she will defeat themselves from the power of rising from the good from the true from the United States.

Mother love is permanent, and maternal love is great, and it is selfless, it is immersed in all things, filling in between heaven and earth. No matter where you are, can feel the warmth of her, no matter what your insurance throughout the body, can feel her heartbeat, you're happy, her happiness. You sad, she cried. Only her, never need to treasure, but never forget that this is love.

Here, I want to say: Mom, I want you, I love you! When the call is connected the moment, I cried. . . . . . This time of year I gave my mother a bath and enjoy themselves to the heart to the joy of my mother! Mom, I want to do for you?

『肆』 如何提高初中生英語書面表達能力參考文獻

一、影響初中生英語書面表達能力提高的因素
1.學生基礎知識薄弱
基礎知識的掌握是發展能力的前提，學生詞彙、句型及語法知識的貧乏是影響寫作的重要原因。許多學生每天學習詞彙都不過關，如此日積月累，造成詞彙嚴重匱乏，再加上基本句型、語法掌握不牢，語言基本功不夠扎實，閱讀量小、閱讀訓練少，對句子與篇章的理解不夠透徹，從而影響書面表達能力的提高。
2.缺乏學習興趣
現在的獨生子女，生活條件好，「衣來伸手，飯來張口」家長盡量滿足他們的各種要求，他們認為只有讀書是最艱苦的事情，對學習不重視，有些學生讀書時「三天打魚，兩天曬網」，加上認識上的原因，對學英語不感興趣，導致英語閱讀、寫作能力低下。
3.長期養成的不良書面表達習慣
有一部分學生寫作時一見到題目就會停下來不做，若有提示詞，只把提示詞抄下來或者只寫幾句病句，這樣得分率很低，影響成績的提高。
4.有的教師對書面表達的要求不夠重視
教師在教學時只顧趕進度，有的嫌批改作文浪費時間，再加上教材自身的特點，導致目前出現了一種學生能聽、會說，但書面表達能力相對較弱的現象。
5.沒有很好地掌握書面表達的技能、技巧與方法
有的學生書面表達方法簡單，不能靈活運用，解題時不能隨機應變、沒有很好地掌握書面表達技巧，影響了學生書面表達能力的提高。
二、提高英語書面表達能力的方法
1.突破英語詞彙關和擴大閱讀量
《九年義務教育全日制初級中學英語教學大綱》中有明確的規定：「三年制和四年制閱讀速度分別為每分鍾40～50和50～60個詞，理解正確率達到70%。」因此，在平時的詞彙教學中，教師必須幫助學生掌握記憶單詞的六種方法，從而豐富詞彙量和擴大閱讀量。
2.突破語法關
語法是詞彙構成語言的規則。掌握英語語法，並能把自己的英語語法知識熟練地應用到英語寫作實踐中去，這是提高寫作能力必須具備的基本功。英語語法核心主要指句子的基本結構、詞類的用法、動詞的形式、時態和語態等。
3.指導學生閱讀和背誦精彩的段落，積累寫作素材
如，仁愛版九上Unit 1Population Problem；Why does China carry out the one-child policy？
4.訓練段落編寫，為短文寫作鋪路
如，以下三題是這兩年外地高中自主招生考試的段落編寫題目：
提示詞：graate， friendship， realize， young， together，要求：①使用全部提示詞，並在語段中用橫線標出提示詞。② 語段具有一個相對合理的主題意義。③詞數為50個詞左右，最多不超過80個。
5.以課本為「本」，注重仿寫
如，九年級（上）Unit 2 Topic 3 Section B Would you like to be a greener person？
學生可以這樣寫作：Walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi when you travel a short distance.
6.重視批改與講評
① 教師課後批改。批改的符號可以是：用詞不當用「W」（Word），語法錯誤用「G」（Grammar），句子結構錯誤用「L（Logic），大小寫和標點符號錯誤用「―」，漏字用「Λ」。如果整篇文章語句錯誤特別多，改不勝改，或者是書寫特別馬虎草率，則在作業後批上「Rewrite」（重寫）。
除了採用符號批改外，我們還應該把寫作與課本知識結合起來，在學生出錯處批上「See （…… P……」）（見哪課哪頁）。②在黑板上當眾批改。③當面評改。④自評互改。
7.因材施教，將學生客觀分層
8.加強寫作步驟、技巧指導
①認真審題，抓住要點。②確定體裁，注意格式。③確定主語，判斷時態。④語言規范，慎用長句。⑤拼寫正確，書寫規范。⑥全面檢查。
如，寫人記事的話題 （2007年中考題）成長變化（外貌、性格、興趣愛好、習慣等）。表達時，注意使用：used to ，in the past three years， but，now 等，還要注意表達變化的原因和過程。
學生寫作時可以這樣列提綱：①外貌。②性格。③行為習慣。④學習。⑤興趣愛好。⑥結束語。⑦一篇好文章應具備下列幾點：一點：有「亮點」，有獨到之處。二整：要書寫工整，卷面整潔。三要：數量要達標，詞彙和語法結構要准確、上下文要連貫。四不行：漏掉內容不行，寫作體裁不行，用錯人稱不行，用錯時態不行。⑧恰當運用關聯詞句，使得文章層次清晰，各個部分銜接自然，如First/Second/Third/Fourth/Last等。
總之。教師在教學中必須重視寫作課的指導，緊密配合課文教學，設計筆譯練習並且持之以恆，學生的英語書面表達能力肯定會提高。

『伍』 英語翻譯 關於廣告英語修辭的論文寫作有那些參考文獻可選

參考文獻
孫曉麗.廣告英語與實例
陳培愛.中外廣告史:站在當代視角的全面回顧
王佐良,丁往道.英語文體學引論

『陸』 高分拜求《雙城記》（A Tale of Two Cities）論文寫作的英文參考文獻書籍！記住，參考文獻只能是英文的！

123額

『柒』 學術論文寫作的參考文獻中，引用英文期刊的標准格式是怎樣的

[1] IMLACH J, BLAIR B J, ALLAIRE P. Measured and predicted force and stiffness characteristic of instrial magnetic bearings[J]. Trans. ASME J. Tribol., 1991, 113：784-788.

『捌』 要寫一篇英文論文的參考文獻，遇到譯者該怎麼寫比如：原作者，著作名，誰誰譯……用英文是什麼格式

你是翻譯專業的嗎？如果是，那就應該用APA格式的寫作格式：
APA Style要求翻譯的回書籍引用格式是：答

原作者姓, 原作者名首字母. (翻譯本出版年). 翻譯之後的書名 (翻譯者名首字母, 翻譯者姓, Trans.). 出版地: 出版社. (原著作出版年).

例如：
Laplace, P. S. (1951). A philosophical essay on probabilities (F. W. Truscott &
F. L. Emory, Trans.). New York: Dover. (Original work published 1814).

不過國內有些專業要求混亂，也許會讓你用MLA格式的來寫文，那你就去網上搜搜吧

『玖』 英語作文參考文獻行距格式

段落設置裡面有個段前什麼選項，類似的，你找一下，可以調