⑴ 英語寫作在英語學習中的重要性
別急 會把英語寫作能力提高的
談談如何提高英語寫作能力
關鍵詞：英語寫作能力 原則 方法
引言：英語寫作能力是英語聽、說、讀、寫四種基本能力之一，英語寫作能有效地促進語言知識的內化。Swain（1985）提出「可理解輸出」假設，認為包括寫在內的語言產生性運用有助於學習者檢驗目的語句法結構和詞語的使用，促進語言運用的自動化，有效地達到了語言習得的目的。通過寫作，英語知識不斷得到鞏固並內在化，有利於英語技能的全面發展。但是，英語寫作又是廣大英語學習者最感頭痛的問題之一，且容易被教師忽視，筆者以為如何提高英語寫作能力值得我們認真研究。本文就此談談初淺的看法。
一、提高英語寫作能力的原則
（一）漸進性原則。要堅持「句—段—篇」的訓練程序，由易到難，循序漸進。在英語寫作的初始階段，要始終注意培養學生良好的寫作習慣，狠抓基本功訓練。在學生掌握了基本句型並能寫出簡單句子後，再要求學生根據一些體例寫出小段的文章。在段落寫作中要引導學生分析段落的結構、段落的中心句、句與句之間的邏輯關系、寫作手法等，這樣有利於下一步一篇文章的寫作。在文章寫作中要教會學生如何構思文章、如何運用正確的寫作技巧等。
（二）多樣性原則。要堅持訓練形式的多樣化及寫作文體的多樣性。從形式上而言，可以用回答提問的口頭作文，也可以用續寫故事；可以改寫課文，也可以仿寫課文；可以寫提綱訓練謀篇布局，也可以寫拓展段訓練發散思維……。從文體上而言，可以寫說明文、議論文、記敘文，也可以寫書信、便條、通知等實用文體。
(三)結合性原則。要堅持聽說讀訓練和寫訓練相結合。根據語言習得理論，學習者在學習時常先通過聽和讀吸取語言知識，從而了解別人的思想，再通過說和寫來表達自己的思想，讓別人了解自己。大量的聽說訓練能促進讀寫能力的提高。因此，寫與聽說讀緊密結合，進行多元化的能力訓練，可使學生的各項能力互相影響、互相滲透、互相促進。
（四）控制性原則。要堅持寫作前的指導，控制學生的漢語語言思維，發展英語語言思維。語言學習在很大程度上主要是模仿，而非隨心所欲地自由表達。教師要加強寫作前的指導，可給出範文讓學生模仿，以熟悉其語篇結構。同時要控制其漢語語言思維，盡可能讓學生習慣英語語言思維，以便於學生學習和掌握地道、正確的英語。
（五）持久性原則。要堅持長期、正確的寫作訓練。英語寫作能力的提高並非一朝一夕之事，而是一個長期的、艱巨的、漸進的過程。這就要求教師、學生都要有充分的思想准備，要有堅韌不拔的意志和必勝的信心。
二、提高英語寫作能力的方法。
（一）通過積累詞彙量，提高英語寫作能力。猶如土木磚石是建築的材料一樣，詞彙是說話寫作的必需材料，也是制約寫作能力提高的瓶頸。可以想像，如果要寫一個句子，10個單詞有8個單詞拼寫錯誤或拼寫不出，有2
個單詞用法不當，又怎麼能清楚地表達自己的思想呢？因此，在平時的教學中要強調學生記憶單詞，記住單詞的拼讀、用法、意思等。記憶單詞的方法有很多，各人有各人的記憶方法和習慣，可因人而異。教師可通過要求學生朗讀單詞、聽寫單詞、默寫單詞、遣詞造句、詞彙競賽等多種方法促進學生記單詞。記憶單詞是一個長期的反復的過程，要長期地堅持下去，才能不斷積累大量的詞彙，為英語寫作打下堅實的基礎。
（二）通過擴大閱讀量，提高英語寫作能力。古人雲「熟讀唐詩三百首，不會作詩也會吟」，這是漢語的一種學習方法，同樣可借鑒於英語寫作。多閱讀是學生增加接觸英語語言材料、接受信息、活躍思維、增長智力的一種途徑，同時也是培養學生英語思維能力、提高理解力、增強語感、鞏固和擴大詞彙量的一種好方法，有利於促進英語寫作能力的提高。在閱讀訓練中，教師要注意以下問題：一是指導閱讀方法，分析文章結構、中心思想、段落中心句、寫作方法等，幫助學生掌握各類文章的結構及寫作方法。二要精讀與泛讀相結合，通過推敲優秀的文章來學會寫作方法和選詞用詞；通過大量的泛讀來吸取信息量，擴大詞彙量。三要擴大閱讀量。提供閱讀的材料涉及面要廣，才能不斷擴大學生的知識面，使學生適應各種題材的寫作。
（三）通過提高聽說能力，提高英語寫作能力。英語聽說讀寫四種能力是相互影響、相互促進的，提高聽說能力必定會促進寫作能力的提高。要提高聽說能力關鍵在於創設一個良好的英語環境。教師要盡可能地用英語授課，多開展專門的聽說訓練，同時開展豐富多彩的課外英語活動，讓學生沉浸在英語海洋中去領略、去體會、去使用英語，久而久之，學生自然能使用正確的、地道的英語進行交談與寫作。
（四）通過重視寫作過程，提高英語寫作能力。長期以來，英語寫作成果教學法（THE PRODUCT
APPROACH）在我國居於主導地位，教師根據寫作的終成品來判斷寫作的成敗，重視寫作的技術性細節（如格式、拼寫、語法等），忽視寫作過程的指導。根據D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的連通論（Connectionism)理論，寫作包括寫前階段、具體寫作、文章修改三個基本過程，這三個過程並非是線性排列，而是循環往復，穿插進行的。教師只有重視加強對寫作三個過程的指導，才能更好地提高英語寫作能力。在寫作前階段，教師重在指導學生如何挖掘題材，訓練發散性思維，以及如何選擇材料、謀篇布局等。在具體寫作中，教師重在指導學生如何緊扣主題、運用正確的寫作方法等。在文章修改中，教師重在指導學生如何修改語法及用詞的錯誤。
（五）通過多寫英語摘要，提高英語寫作能力。英語摘要是把一篇文章的要點摘錄出來，用自己的語言使之獨立成一篇短文，這不是簡單的摘錄，而是忠於原文意思的再創作。寫英語摘要有利於學生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章結構，從而提高學生的邏輯思維能力和謀篇布局能力。
（六）通過發展英語語言思維能力，提高英語寫作能力。英語寫作是運用已掌握的內在化語言知識和表達方法，通過思維進行外在化輸出的創作，因此英語語言思維能力在英語寫作中作用非凡。對於我國學生而言，在英語寫作中易受漢語語言思維的影響，難以直接用英語語言進行思維，不利於英語寫作能力的提高，因此發展其英語語言思維能力尤為重要。教師要注意對學生的英語語言思維進行多方位、多角度的訓練：要採取各種方法訓練學生英語語言思維的廣闊性、深刻性、發散性和創造性；要教會學生用英語思考問題、回答問題；要從訓練形象思維開始，逐步過渡到抽象思維訓練；在課文講解中要盡可能不用漢語翻譯而用英語解釋，消除漢語思維的影響；要努力創設良好的英語環境，在英語交際中發展英語思維能力。
寫好英語段落的三個標准
首先，一個段落必須有一個中心即主題思想，該中心由主題句特別是其中的題旨來表達。整個段落必須緊扣這個主題（stick or hold to the topic），這就是段落的統一性（unity）。其次，一個段落必須有若干推展句，使主題思想得到充分展開，從而給讀者一個完整的感覺，這就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一個段落不是雜亂無章的，而是有機的組合，句子的排列順序必須合乎邏輯，從一個句子到另一個句子的過渡必須流暢（smooth），這就是連貫性（coherence）。下面我們就對這三個標准分別加以說明。
1、統一性
一個段落內的各個句子必須從屬於一個中心，任何游離於中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。請看下例：
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise， we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much， and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主題句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country.文中出現兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，這一段是講的是Joe and I ，中間出現一個Bella是不合適的。還有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner這一句更是與主題句不相關。考生在四級統考的作文卷上常常因為造出irrelevant sentences（不相關語句）而丟分，值得引起注意。再看一個例子：
My name is Roseanna， and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds， but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles， swimming fifteen laps， lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一個是My mother was a premature baby.
從上面兩個例子可以看出，native speakers同樣會造出來irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果這種句子多了，造成偏題或離題，那問題就更嚴重了。
2、完整性
正象我們前面說得那樣，一個段落的主題思想靠推展句來實現，如果只有主題句而沒有推展句來進一步交待和充實，就不能構成一個完整的段落。同樣，雖然有推展句，但主題思想沒有得到相對圓滿的交待，給讀者一種意猶未盡的感覺。這樣的段落也不能完成其交際功能。例如：
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides， it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主題句是段首句。本段的兩個推展句均不能回答主題句中提出的問題。什麼是「a mind in turmoil」（心境不平靜）Physical work又如何能改變這種情況？為什麼它能起therapy的作用？讀者得不到明確的答案。由於四級統考的作文部分只要求寫一篇100～120個詞的三段式短文，每一段只有大約40個詞左右，因此，要達到完整就必須盡可能地簡明。例如：
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means， but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表達的主題思想是一種看法，必須有具體事例加以驗證。上述兩個推展句只是在文字上對主題作些解釋，整個段落內容空洞，簡而不明。如果用一兩個具體的例子的話，就可以把主題解釋清楚了。比如下段：
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes， pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water， will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning， or start screaming 「Help」？
3、連貫性（coherence）
連貫性包括意連和形連兩個方面，前者指的是內在的邏輯性，後者指的是使用轉換詞語。當然這兩者常常是不可分割的。只有形連而沒有意連，句子之間就沒有內在的有機的聯系；反之，只有意連而沒有形連，有時行文就不夠流暢。
1）、意連
段落中句子的排列應遵循一定的次序，不能想到什麼就寫什麼。如果在下筆之前沒有構思，邊寫邊想，寫寫停停，那就寫不出一氣呵成的好文章來。下面介紹幾種常見的排列方式。
A.按時間先後排列（chronological arrangement）
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose， it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast； we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then， when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in； the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain， it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here， judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit， not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough， by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff， dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine， when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit， we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段從「rose」（起床）寫起，然後是吃早餐（「not to miss breakfast」， 「closing at nine o'clock」），然後是「close to noon」，一直寫到這一天結束（「By nine——」）。
B. 按位置遠近排列（spatial arrangement）。例如：
From a distance， it looked like a skinny tube， but as we got closer， we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular， all right， but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore， we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts： a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away， we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass， unlike the tube that it was sitting on， which only had four. Inside， the tube was gloomy， because of the lack of light. Then a steep， narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的寫法是由遠及近，從遠處（「from a distance」）寫起，然後「get closer」，再到（「ten feet away」），最後是「inside the pagoda」……當然，按位置遠近來寫不等於都是由遠及近。根據需要，也可以由近及遠，由表及裡等等。
C. 按邏輯關系排列（logical arrangement）
a. 按重要性順序排列（arrangement in order of importance）
If you work as a soda jerker， you will， of course， not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine， your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom， your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work， the larger the organization of which you are an employee， the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization， whether it is the government， the large corporation， or the Army， this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
這一段談的是表達能力，它的重要性與職業，身份有關，從「not need much skill」或「of little importance」到「more important」，最後是「most important」。
b.由一般到特殊排列（general-to-specific arrangement）
If a reader is lost， it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader， hacking his way through the verbiage， simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses， or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence， so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer， in whose head the connection is clear， has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that 「sanguine」 and 「sanguinary」 mean the same thing， but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
這一段談的是a writer's carelessness，先給出一個general statement作為主題句，然後通過5個 」perhaps」加以例證。
c. 由特殊到一般排列（specific-to-general arrangement）
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat， Prissy， with the one I had several years ago， Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy， a quiet， feminine feline， loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people， exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg， lick， or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright， eyes closed， perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry， on the other hand， loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything， whether it was decorous or not， and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable， on the top of the television， across stranger's feet or laps， in beds， drawers， sacks， closets， or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主題句是段首句，它僅提出一個問題：為什麼兩只貓會被搞混。然後對兩者進行比較，末句才下結論。
2）、形連
行文的邏輯性常常要靠適當的轉換詞語及其他手段來實現。請讀下面這一段文字並找出文中用以承上啟下的詞語：
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First， though， he had to get through high school， so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular， biology， chemistry， and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects， Walter became proficient in them； however， Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result， ring his junior year of high school， Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently， he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally， on June 6， Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上啟下的詞語有兩種，一種是轉換詞語（transitional words or phrases），另一種是起轉換作用的其他連接手段（linking devices）。前者依次有：first， though， so， in particular， and， because， however， besides， as a result， both…and， consequently， and， finally.後者依次是：he， he， his， his， he， these， them， he， those， his， he， these， his. 本段中共有詞彙105個，所使用的轉換詞語及其他連接用語共26個詞，約占該段總詞彙量的四分之一。由此可見，掌握好transitions不僅對行文的流（smoothness）有益，而且對於學生在半個小時內寫足四級短文所要求的120個詞也是不無好處的。
一個段落里如果沒有transitions也就很難有coherence了。我們看下面一個例子：Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture， loudness， and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture， loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句開頭出現一個起過渡作用的」it」之外，沒有使用其他的過渡詞語。這樣，文中出現許多重復的詞語，全段讀起來也顯得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的過渡詞語來修飾的話，這一段就成了下面一個流暢連貫的段落：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds； writing， on the other hand， uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago， but written language is a recent development， invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal， while the word choice of writing， by contrast， is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from， they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture， loudness， and the rise and fall of the voice， but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
4、有損連貫性的幾種情況：
考生在寫作中經常出現下面幾種錯誤：
1、不必要的改變時態，比如：
In the movie， Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him， so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house， he had waited for the heat to die down， but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改變單復數，比如：
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run， the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改變人稱，比如：
Now more than ever， parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此寫作中，一定要注意時態，人稱以及數的變化是否正確，要注意保持一致。
⑵ 關於學習英語的好處作文（英文）30句
There is no doubt that English is one of the world's most widely used languages. People use a language in one of three ways: as a native language, as a second language, or as a foreign languge. English is spoken as a native language by over three handred million people in the United States, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, some caribbean countries and South Africa. As a second language, English is often necessary for official business, ecation, information and other activities in many countries, it is one of the few "working" languages of the United Nations.
It is said that English has become the language of international trade and transport. Most pilots in planes travelling from one country to another use it to talk with airports. All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in it. It has been said that 60 percent of the world's radio broad casts and 70 percent of the world's mail uses English. At international sports meets, and international of scientists English is the language most commonly used and the most widely used.
English has in fact become the language of international cooperation is science and technology. The most advanced resuits in space, nuclear and computer research are published in it. A scientist who speaks and writes English is in closer touch with the scientists in other countries than one who doesn't.
英語的重要性
毫無疑問，英語是世界上使用最廣泛的語言之一。人們使用語言無非有二種情況：作為母語，作為第一語言，再就是作為一門外語。英語，作為母語，有3億多人在使用。他們分別在美國、英國、澳大利業、紐西蘭、加拿大還有一些加勒比海國家及南非等。作為第一語言，英語在很多國家的官方事務、教育、信息和其他活動中都是必不可少的。它是聯合國僅用的幾種工作語言之一。
人們說英語已經成為國際商貿和交通運輸語言。大部分飛行於各國間的飛行員使用英語來與飛機場聯絡。在大洋上航行的輪船都用英語發出求救信號。據說世界上百分之六十的無線電廣播和百分之七十的郵遞業務用的是英語。在國際體育比賽中和國際科學家大會上，英語使用得最多也最為廣泛。
事實上，英語已成為國際科學技術合作的通用語。太空、核能及計算機方面最先進的研究成果都用英語來發表。會用英語交談和寫作的科學家比不會使用英語的科學家，與其他國家的同行們聯系要密切得多。
⑶ 英文寫作：學習英語的重要性
The significance of learning English
Everybody knows that English is the most widely used international language of today. It is spoken by more than half of the people of the world. Some speak English as their own language, and some speak it as a second language. By learning English we can enlarge our mental horizons and increase our knowledge because we shall have a better chance of reading a wide variety of books, newspapers, and magazines.
English is also useful in other different fields of life such as business and commerce. Indeed, many businessmen build their success upon their good knowledge of English.
Students sometimes study their subjects in English. Businessmen use English at their meetings; scientists and doctors write articles in English; tourists speak English when they go abroad, it helps them enjoy their trips and communicate with other people to develop better understanding and establish new friendships.
Moreover, English helps us follow television programs and enjoy interesting films, and read the literature of other people.
English is particularly important in the fields of science and technology. There are many scientific books that we shall not be able to enjoy without a good knowledge of English. Besides, technology of the modern world is, as a matter of fact, available in English. We would be completely ignorant of many scientific facts without knowledge of English.
From what we have said, one can say that English is learnt for both benefit and enjoyment. It is, in a word, a way to success not only in examinations but also in life, for this reason, students learn English - not only to pass their examinations but also to enjoy the pleasures of life.
We can summarize the reason for wanting to learn English in that nothing can be done, without it. Especially with regards to dealing with computers and modern technology, such as the internet. Without English, one is closed to those linguistic items which render us capable of entering the modern technological world.
Another essay
The English language has now become an international language because it is used by people of the most countries in the world.
In the open times if you want to do business with foreigners, you have to learn English, for most of them speak and write English. English is one of the working languages at international meetings. Today most of the valuable books are written in English. In order to improve your knowledge, you should be able to read English. Only those who read English can benefit from the reports of the meetings in the world and books written in English. English appears to be regarded as the standard language of man. If you know English you can understand people from other countries better and you can also do what you should do for the world peace.
English is taught in most of the schools of our country, but many students don't know why they should learn it. It is hoped that all the students should pay more attention to the study of English and make good use of it.
Hope this works
⑷ 英語作文內容是我想申請學習英語寫作的課程及原因 我希望從這門課中學到什麼
烹飪指的是膳食的藝術.對食品作加工處理,使食物更可口,更好看,更好聞.一個好的料理,色香味形俱佳,不但讓人在食用時感到滿足,而且能讓食物的營養更容易被人體吸收.烹飪是人類在烹調與飲食的實踐活動中創造和積累的物質財富與精神財富的總和.它包含烹調技術、烹調生產活動、烹調生產出的各類食品、飲食消費活動以及由此衍生出的眾多精神產品. 中國烹飪文化具有獨特的民族特色和濃郁的東方魅力,主要表現為以味的享受為核心、以飲食養生為目的的和諧與統一. Cooking refers to the art of food. For processing of food, making food more delicious, better look, better smell. A good food, superb color, flavor and shape, not only people in the food to feel satisfied, and make food more easily absorbed nutrients. Cooking is cooking and eating human practices create and accumulation of material wealth and spiritual wealth combined. It contains cooking techniques, cooking proction activities, cooking to proce the various types of food, food consumption activities and the resulting procts derived from the spirit of many. Chinese culinary culture has a unique national characteristics and rich Oriental charm, mainly for the enjoyment of the taste as the core, the diet regimen for the purpose of harmony and unity.
⑸ 自學英語從零開始（二十）如何提升英語寫作水平
寫日記，這是最簡單最長久的寫作練習
你不需要有任何的准備，這是你會接觸到最基礎的寫作練習，你可以寫任何你感興趣的事情，你要做的就是拿起筆和本子把自已生活上的點點滴滴用英文記錄下來。下面就是我的第一篇英文日記！
"Today I rest,I stayed at home.sister call me go to the mother.I want not go there,because I must go to the company .去領 clothes.剛剛上完課come back.at home I find my 皮 shoes.now 要穿皮shoes了,write 日記好搞笑，還可以寫點english了,I believe 以後 I sure I會更好。」
大家可能會看不懂這篇文章。你可能會覺得很好，說老實話當我現回過頭去看我以前的日記我看了也覺得很好笑。但這就是我的第一篇英文日記，我的英文寫作就是從這里開始的。你會發現寫得非常直白，簡直就是中文翻譯毫無語法可言。但沒有關系每個人開始都是這樣的。
在寫日記的開始階段，你可能會像我這樣不知道怎麼去寫或跟本無法組織語言，你可以像我這樣按自已大腦里中文的想法去寫，把會的單詞都寫上去不會的就用中文代替。在這個階段你更多的是在使用你所學的詞彙，有時候你會覺得這樣很好玩。每天堅持寫一篇，慢慢的你會發現你用的中文越來越少了有時候整篇文章都可以用英文寫出來，隨著你英語學習的進度不斷推進，你在寫句子的時候你不會直譯了，你開始吧語法考慮到你的語言組織裡面去。
當你要表邊一個句子又找不到這個單詞的時候，這種映像會深深的印在你的腦海里，當你在收集單詞時候你就會注意收集那些非常實用的單詞了。你會背更多的單詞因為你想終有一天我的整篇文章是用英文寫的。對於初期的寫作，我認為就是這樣寫吧，請注意興趣的培養。
考試的時候寫作文，這是一種特殊情況你不會經常碰到
這種情況很特殊，你需要做的練習就是在寫日記的基礎上，去找一些作文例題，用自已的語言去練一篇作文，然後再參考標准答案是怎麼寫的。基本上為了應付考試，我會把例卷的每個作文題目當做是今天的日記去寫作。反正你每天或每兩天都會寫日記，這樣你練習的作文題多了，以後考試的時候就不怕了。
寫工作報告或郵件，英語寫作的應用階段通常是你工作之後要用到。
這個階段可以算是實踐階段了，寫工作報告或郵件的內容相對固定，但要求比寫日記要高，日記你可以天馬行空寫錯了反正也沒有人知道。但工作報告是寫給別人看的你需要顧及對方可不可以理解你寫的內容，你的語語組織會不會很搞笑，如果對方是你們公司的國際商業夥伴，他看了你的英文報告後是提升你在他心中的印象還是降低。如果你平常沒有寫英文日記的習慣，如果直接就進入這個階段比較難適應。
如果真的是上述情況，
第一、你可以先多背一些你所在領域的單詞，這樣你就不會面對詞窮的問題，
第二、學習你平常收到的郵件。問你的同事或前輩看可不可以參考他們是怎麼寫類式的郵件，當你收到對方的郵件，或同事cc你的郵件可以列印出來。去學習這些郵件，甚至把其中一些比較典範的好的郵件保存起來做模板以後可以用。
希望能幫助到你，望採納！
⑹ 英語寫作 學習英語的重要性和有效的方法
Nowadays,people won't fuss about the importance of English learning,for the number of English learners is skyrocketing.Nonetheless,what makes English so critical ?My reasons come as follows.
In the first place, English is the most widely used language in the world,nearly 500 million people taking it as their official language,which makes English popular among many countries.In addition, some of the English speaking countries have economic advantages over other countries;consequently, their culture,history,politics,even military, have made a far-reaching effect on others.As a bridge which is used for communications,English is hard to be substituted.Above all,since globalisation has played a leading role around the world, English learning is no more just a kind of avocation,but a vocation which helps to boost the economy of non-English speaking countries.
Now that English does make a big difference, how can we learn it well? Speaking for myself, I think there are three methods we need to bear in mind.First of all, we should speak English as often as possible. Language is always used for speaking,if we can't speak it ,then we can't really understand it.Second,read more and watch more.it's not easy to read original versions of English materials at first.However,if you can keep trying and struggling,you'll find it the most efficient way to enter the English world. At last,we're supposed to be a good observer.Never let the words go if you don't get it.Never let the sentences go if you can't understand its structure.In a nutshell, learning English needs time,effort, grit and planning.No one can build Rome in one night!
⑺ 英語修辭學學習對英文寫作有幫助嗎
寫作文章是客觀事物的反映。客觀事物是復雜的，人們對客觀事物的認識也要有個過程。只有深入思考，反復加工，才能正確、恰當地反映客觀實際，表達好自己的思想感情。
⑻ 從William Zinsser的《怎樣寫出靠譜英文》中學習英語寫作
Zinsser痛恨兜圈子，任何模稜兩可的措辭，表意不明的句子在他看來都是災難。他對簡潔如此執著，以至於Zinsser這個名字成了文風簡潔的代名詞。美國有些老師會讓學生Zinsser一下他們的文章，Zinsser成了一個清除文中clutter的動詞。
什麼是所謂的clutter呢? 放到中文語境里，遍地都是，我們來看看書里是怎麼介紹的吧！
Clutter is the disease of American writing． We are a society strangling in unnecessary words， circular constructions， pompous frills and meaningless jargon．
Fighting clutter is like fighting weeds—the writer is always slightly behind． New varieties sprout overnight， and by noon they are part of American speech． Consider what President Nixon』s aide John Dean accomplished in just one day of testimony on television ring the Watergate hearings． The next day everyone in America was saying 「at this point in time」 instead of 「now．」
Take the adjective 「personal，」 as in 「a personal friend of mine，」 「his personal feeling．」 It』s typical of hundreds of words that can be eliminated． The personal friend has come into the language to distinguish him or her from the business friend， thereby debasing both language and friendship． Someone』s feeling is that person』s personal feeling—that』s what 「his」 means． Friends are friends， the rest is clutter．
Clutter is the ponderous euphemism that turns a slum into a depressed socioeconomic area， garbage collectors into waste disposal personnel and the town mp into the volume rection unit．
Clutter is the official language used by corporations to hide their mistakes． When General Motors had a plant shutdown， that was a 「volume－related proction－schele adjustment．」 When an Air Force missile crashed， it 「impacted with the ground prematurely．」 Companies that go belly－up have 「a negative cash－flow position．」
「Experiencing」 is one of the worst clutters． Instead of 「it is raining」， there is no way to say 「At the present time we are experiencing precipitation．」 Even your dentist will ask if you are experiencing any pain． If he had his own kid in the chair he would say，」 Does it hurt?」
The point of raising these examples is to serve notice that clutter is the enemy． Beware， then， of the long word that』s no better than the short word： 「assistance」（help）， 「numerous」 （many）， 「facilitate」 （ease）， 「indivial」（man or woman）， 「remainder」 （rest）， 「initial」 （first）， 「implement」（do）， 「sufficient」 （enough）， 「attempt」 （try）， 「referred to as」（called） and hundreds more． Beware of all the slippery new fad words： paradigm and parameter， prioritize and potentialize． They are all weeds that will smother what you write．
⑼ 學習英語到了什麼水平開始練習寫作比較合適
那麼究竟什麼時候開始練習寫作合適呢？讓《新概念英語》來回答我們的這個問題吧。《新概念英語》從第二冊開始設置寫作練習，而第二冊的適用對象是具備了一定詞彙量的小學高年級學生和廣大中學生以及具備一定英語基礎的成人英語自學者。可見，《新概念英語》的理念為：只要你打下了初步的英語基礎，就可以練習寫作了。 看到這里，也許還有同學仍然會感到為難：我已經有了一定的英語基礎，可是現在就讓我提筆寫文章，真是太難為我了。那麼，究竟怎樣練習英語寫作呢？如果我們認真分析《新概念英語》的寫作練習，就不難看出，這些經過精心設計的練習，其實體現著培養英語寫作能力應遵循的幾項原則： 第一，從寫句子入手，打實基礎。《新概念英語》第二冊在「致教師和學生」這部分中提到，如果從一開始就讓學生寫一篇完整的文章，會「產生災難性的後果」，因此本書貫徹的是「從句子到段落，最後成篇」的原則。其中，此書對句子寫作的重視程度尤其值得關注。第二冊前三個單元（共72課）的寫作練習全部是圍繞簡單句、並列句和復合句的寫作訓練進行的。我們知道，文章無論長短，都是由句子組成的，句子是表達思想的最基本單位。因此，句子能否寫好是決定文章質量的根本因素。一般來說，評判文章中句子的質量，首先要看句子結構是否正確、表達是否准確。分析一些學習者寫作水平難以提高的原因就會發現，他們欠缺的並不是寫作的方法和技巧，他們缺乏的往往是最基本的寫句子的能力。他們經常犯的語言錯誤包括：主謂不一致、指代不清、動詞時態語態的濫用、詞性混用、句子不完整、句子結構混亂等。因此，大量進行寫句子的訓練，以保證句子的正確和達意，避免造出一些中式英文句子是十分重要的。其次要看句式是否富於變化、生動多樣。試想，如果一篇文章通篇都使用簡單句，這樣雖然找不出語言錯誤，但是文章會顯得單調乏味，讓人不忍卒讀。因此，要根據情況，交替使用長句和短句，通過簡單句、並列句和復合句等句式的運用，使文章生動活潑，富有節奏。《新概念英語》的句子訓練就是圍繞簡單句、並列句和復合句來進行的，大量的練習會使學習者熟練使用這些句子。 第二，由淺入深，循序漸進。英語寫作能力的提高不可能一蹴而就，學習者要經過一系列由淺入深的訓練才能達到寫好整篇文章的水平。《新概念英語》的寫作練習正是基於這一理念而編寫的。在提供了大量句子寫作的訓練後，《新概念英語》第二冊在第四單元中，要求學習者用練習中給出的詞和短語進行段落寫作。第三冊中的練習包括：把句子擴展成150個詞左右的段落；按所給故事梗概寫出200個詞左右的3個段落；根據所給思路擬定提綱並寫出250個詞左右、由3段或4段組成的文章。在本冊的最後一個單元，學習者被要求根據題目自行構思、自擬提綱，寫出約300詞的文章。分析起來，《新概念英語》遵循的是由控制寫作（Controlled Writing）到引導寫作（Guided Writing）直至自由寫作（Free Writing）的順序。在控制寫作階段，學習者要在指導下進行寫作活動，很少有自由寫作的機會。這一階段的關鍵是掌握如何運用詞語和句子，提高語言的准確性，從而打下堅實的寫作基礎。在引導寫作階段，學習者有了一定的創作自由，例如可以根據所給思路自擬提綱進行寫作。這一階段的關鍵是掌握構建段落和篇章的能力，通過引導和發揮自己的能動性、創造性，寫出內容充實、條理清晰、邏輯性強的文章。在自由寫作階段，學習者可以根據某一題目進行寫作，也可以寫自己喜歡的主題。這一階段的關鍵是在打下了語言及語篇結構的基礎上充分發揮自己的創造性思維，增強語言的流利性。 查看本欄目更多內容>>
⑽ 怎樣學習英語作文(要英語的加上翻譯)
Learning English just like learning any other language, is hard work so we should spend time practicing using English. Besides, we should listen to the teacher carefully,review what is learned regularly, prepare each lesson carefully before class, do our homework carefully, good sentences and recite them and attend English debbates and speech contests. What's more, be patient and confident. Don't be shy and don't be afraid of making mistakes. We must understand that mistakes are unavoidable. So be patient with your mistakes and try to awoid them other time. I believe" practice makes perfect". If we study hard, we will learn English well.學習英語就象學其他語言一樣需要努力。因此我們應該花時間練習使用英語。而且我們應該上課認真聽講、經常復習學過的內容、課前認真預習、認真做作業、抄寫好的句子並背誦、參加英語討論和演講比賽。除此之外，要耐心有信心。不要靦腆、害怕犯錯誤。我們應該知道：錯誤是避免不了的。因此要耐心對待錯誤，避免下次再犯。我相信「實踐出真知」。如果我們努力學習，我們會學好英語的。
自己的創作，希望對你有借鑒