1. 怎樣快速提高自己的英語寫作水平
1.從範文找標桿
要寫出一篇好的英語作文,首先就要確定目標,樹立標桿,明確什麼樣的文章才是好文章,而這個標桿就是真題範文。分析真題的範文,會發現高分範文有一些共同的特點:
(1)三段式永遠不會過時。
(2)觀點不一定十分新穎,但都很清晰、有理有據。
(3)如果題目中提供了兩個觀點,高分作文一定是選擇其一,並在文章一開始就表明自己的立場,而不是"兩個觀點都有道理""各打五十大板"。
(4)連詞不少,尤其是在段首和轉折、強調、分點說明時。
(5)沒有通篇用長句,都是長短句相結合,有節奏感。
(6)用詞重復率很低,前後用不同的單詞表達同一個意思。
2.要「輸出」,先「輸入」
寫作是英語能力的"輸出"過程,要「輸出」,先得有「輸入」的積累。抓住一份真題的作文,從學習它的範文開始,依葫蘆畫瓢,把別人寫的好的句子、短語,甚至開頭結尾的方式、承上啟下的句子、連詞都標注下來,然後熟讀、默寫,再把範文合起來,自己完整地寫一篇,不求和範文完全相同,也不怕和範文雷同。多積累幾篇後,肚子里有點「墨水」了,以後再寫別的題目也慢慢能找到感覺,寫出自己的東西了。
3.背單詞不如多背句子
寫作背誦單詞雖然說是必須的,但是也不要一味的求知道很多「高級」的生僻詞,只要夠用就可以,更重要的是掌握好一些實用的短語和句型,雖然很多作文輔導書上有分類整理的好句子,但更唾手可得的資源是真題的閱讀文章和真題範文,在學習真題的時候可以從這兩個來源中積累好句子,並把它們記在一個小筆記本,隨身攜帶利用碎片化的時間讀一讀。
4.勤於寫作
進行寫作練習是不可缺少的,如果光大談寫作,而從不去動筆寫,是寫不出好作文的,所謂的熟能生巧就是說的這一點。可以讓學生採用寫日記的方法來提高自己的表達能力,也可以就不同的題材,自擬題目來寫或者就某篇課文來擴寫、縮寫、改寫等,這些都可以用來練練手筆。
2. 如何提高英語寫作能力
談談如何提高英語寫作能力
關鍵詞:英語寫作能力 原則 方法
引言:英語寫作能力是英語聽、說、讀、寫四種基本能力之一,英語寫作能有效地促進語言知識的內化。Swain(1985)提出「可理解輸出」假設,認為包括寫在內的語言產生性運用有助於學習者檢驗目的語句法結構和詞語的使用,促進語言運用的自動化,有效地達到了語言習得的目的。通過寫作,英語知識不斷得到鞏固並內在化,有利於英語技能的全面發展。但是,英語寫作又是廣大英語學習者最感頭痛的問題之一,且容易被教師忽視,筆者以為如何提高英語寫作能力值得我們認真研究。本文就此談談初淺的看法。
一、提高英語寫作能力的原則
(一)漸進性原則。要堅持「句—段—篇」的訓練程序,由易到難,循序漸進。在英語寫作的初始階段,要始終注意培養學生良好的寫作習慣,狠抓基本功訓練。在學生掌握了基本句型並能寫出簡單句子後,再要求學生根據一些體例寫出小段的文章。在段落寫作中要引導學生分析段落的結構、段落的中心句、句與句之間的邏輯關系、寫作手法等,這樣有利於下一步一篇文章的寫作。在文章寫作中要教會學生如何構思文章、如何運用正確的寫作技巧等。
(二)多樣性原則。要堅持訓練形式的多樣化及寫作文體的多樣性。從形式上而言,可以用回答提問的口頭作文,也可以用續寫故事;可以改寫課文,也可以仿寫課文;可以寫提綱訓練謀篇布局,也可以寫拓展段訓練發散思維……。從文體上而言,可以寫說明文、議論文、記敘文,也可以寫書信、便條、通知等實用文體。
(三)結合性原則。要堅持聽說讀訓練和寫訓練相結合。根據語言習得理論,學習者在學習時常先通過聽和讀吸取語言知識,從而了解別人的思想,再通過說和寫來表達自己的思想,讓別人了解自己。大量的聽說訓練能促進讀寫能力的提高。因此,寫與聽說讀緊密結合,進行多元化的能力訓練,可使學生的各項能力互相影響、互相滲透、互相促進。
(四)控制性原則。要堅持寫作前的指導,控制學生的漢語語言思維,發展英語語言思維。語言學習在很大程度上主要是模仿,而非隨心所欲地自由表達。教師要加強寫作前的指導,可給出範文讓學生模仿,以熟悉其語篇結構。同時要控制其漢語語言思維,盡可能讓學生習慣英語語言思維,以便於學生學習和掌握地道、正確的英語。
(五)持久性原則。要堅持長期、正確的寫作訓練。英語寫作能力的提高並非一朝一夕之事,而是一個長期的、艱巨的、漸進的過程。這就要求教師、學生都要有充分的思想准備,要有堅韌不拔的意志和必勝的信心。
二、提高英語寫作能力的方法。
(一)通過積累詞彙量,提高英語寫作能力。猶如土木磚石是建築的材料一樣,詞彙是說話寫作的必需材料,也是制約寫作能力提高的瓶頸。可以想像,如果要寫一個句子,10個單詞有8個單詞拼寫錯誤或拼寫不出,有2
個單詞用法不當,又怎麼能清楚地表達自己的思想呢?因此,在平時的教學中要強調學生記憶單詞,記住單詞的拼讀、用法、意思等。記憶單詞的方法有很多,各人有各人的記憶方法和習慣,可因人而異。教師可通過要求學生朗讀單詞、聽寫單詞、默寫單詞、遣詞造句、詞彙競賽等多種方法促進學生記單詞。記憶單詞是一個長期的反復的過程,要長期地堅持下去,才能不斷積累大量的詞彙,為英語寫作打下堅實的基礎。
(二)通過擴大閱讀量,提高英語寫作能力。古人雲「熟讀唐詩三百首,不會作詩也會吟」,這是漢語的一種學習方法,同樣可借鑒於英語寫作。多閱讀是學生增加接觸英語語言材料、接受信息、活躍思維、增長智力的一種途徑,同時也是培養學生英語思維能力、提高理解力、增強語感、鞏固和擴大詞彙量的一種好方法,有利於促進英語寫作能力的提高。在閱讀訓練中,教師要注意以下問題:一是指導閱讀方法,分析文章結構、中心思想、段落中心句、寫作方法等,幫助學生掌握各類文章的結構及寫作方法。二要精讀與泛讀相結合,通過推敲優秀的文章來學會寫作方法和選詞用詞;通過大量的泛讀來吸取信息量,擴大詞彙量。三要擴大閱讀量。提供閱讀的材料涉及面要廣,才能不斷擴大學生的知識面,使學生適應各種題材的寫作。
(三)通過提高聽說能力,提高英語寫作能力。英語聽說讀寫四種能力是相互影響、相互促進的,提高聽說能力必定會促進寫作能力的提高。要提高聽說能力關鍵在於創設一個良好的英語環境。教師要盡可能地用英語授課,多開展專門的聽說訓練,同時開展豐富多彩的課外英語活動,讓學生沉浸在英語海洋中去領略、去體會、去使用英語,久而久之,學生自然能使用正確的、地道的英語進行交談與寫作。
(四)通過重視寫作過程,提高英語寫作能力。長期以來,英語寫作成果教學法(THE PRODUCT
APPROACH)在我國居於主導地位,教師根據寫作的終成品來判斷寫作的成敗,重視寫作的技術性細節(如格式、拼寫、語法等),忽視寫作過程的指導。根據D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的連通論(Connectionism)理論,寫作包括寫前階段、具體寫作、文章修改三個基本過程,這三個過程並非是線性排列,而是循環往復,穿插進行的。教師只有重視加強對寫作三個過程的指導,才能更好地提高英語寫作能力。在寫作前階段,教師重在指導學生如何挖掘題材,訓練發散性思維,以及如何選擇材料、謀篇布局等。在具體寫作中,教師重在指導學生如何緊扣主題、運用正確的寫作方法等。在文章修改中,教師重在指導學生如何修改語法及用詞的錯誤。
(五)通過多寫英語摘要,提高英語寫作能力。英語摘要是把一篇文章的要點摘錄出來,用自己的語言使之獨立成一篇短文,這不是簡單的摘錄,而是忠於原文意思的再創作。寫英語摘要有利於學生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章結構,從而提高學生的邏輯思維能力和謀篇布局能力。
(六)通過發展英語語言思維能力,提高英語寫作能力。英語寫作是運用已掌握的內在化語言知識和表達方法,通過思維進行外在化輸出的創作,因此英語語言思維能力在英語寫作中作用非凡。對於我國學生而言,在英語寫作中易受漢語語言思維的影響,難以直接用英語語言進行思維,不利於英語寫作能力的提高,因此發展其英語語言思維能力尤為重要。教師要注意對學生的英語語言思維進行多方位、多角度的訓練:要採取各種方法訓練學生英語語言思維的廣闊性、深刻性、發散性和創造性;要教會學生用英語思考問題、回答問題;要從訓練形象思維開始,逐步過渡到抽象思維訓練;在課文講解中要盡可能不用漢語翻譯而用英語解釋,消除漢語思維的影響;要努力創設良好的英語環境,在英語交際中發展英語思維能力。
寫好英語段落的三個標准
首先,一個段落必須有一個中心即主題思想,該中心由主題句特別是其中的題旨來表達。整個段落必須緊扣這個主題(stick or hold to the topic),這就是段落的統一性(unity)。其次,一個段落必須有若干推展句,使主題思想得到充分展開,從而給讀者一個完整的感覺,這就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者,一個段落不是雜亂無章的,而是有機的組合,句子的排列順序必須合乎邏輯,從一個句子到另一個句子的過渡必須流暢(smooth),這就是連貫性(coherence)。下面我們就對這三個標准分別加以說明。
1、統一性
一個段落內的各個句子必須從屬於一個中心,任何游離於中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。請看下例:
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主題句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country.文中出現兩個irrelevant sentences,一個是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie,這一段是講的是Joe and I ,中間出現一個Bella是不合適的。還有,Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner這一句更是與主題句不相關。考生在四級統考的作文卷上常常因為造出irrelevant sentences(不相關語句)而丟分,值得引起注意。再看一個例子:
My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有兩個irrelevant sentences,一個是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一個是My mother was a premature baby.
從上面兩個例子可以看出,native speakers同樣會造出來irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果這種句子多了,造成偏題或離題,那問題就更嚴重了。
2、完整性
正象我們前面說得那樣,一個段落的主題思想靠推展句來實現,如果只有主題句而沒有推展句來進一步交待和充實,就不能構成一個完整的段落。同樣,雖然有推展句,但主題思想沒有得到相對圓滿的交待,給讀者一種意猶未盡的感覺。這樣的段落也不能完成其交際功能。例如:
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主題句是段首句。本段的兩個推展句均不能回答主題句中提出的問題。什麼是「a mind in turmoil」(心境不平靜)Physical work又如何能改變這種情況?為什麼它能起therapy的作用?讀者得不到明確的答案。由於四級統考的作文部分只要求寫一篇100~120個詞的三段式短文,每一段只有大約40個詞左右,因此,要達到完整就必須盡可能地簡明。例如:
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表達的主題思想是一種看法,必須有具體事例加以驗證。上述兩個推展句只是在文字上對主題作些解釋,整個段落內容空洞,簡而不明。如果用一兩個具體的例子的話,就可以把主題解釋清楚了。比如下段:
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming 「Help」?
3、連貫性(coherence)
連貫性包括意連和形連兩個方面,前者指的是內在的邏輯性,後者指的是使用轉換詞語。當然這兩者常常是不可分割的。只有形連而沒有意連,句子之間就沒有內在的有機的聯系;反之,只有意連而沒有形連,有時行文就不夠流暢。
1)、意連
段落中句子的排列應遵循一定的次序,不能想到什麼就寫什麼。如果在下筆之前沒有構思,邊寫邊想,寫寫停停,那就寫不出一氣呵成的好文章來。下面介紹幾種常見的排列方式。
A.按時間先後排列(chronological arrangement)
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段從「rose」(起床)寫起,然後是吃早餐(「not to miss breakfast」, 「closing at nine o'clock」),然後是「close to noon」,一直寫到這一天結束(「By nine——」)。
B. 按位置遠近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如:
From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的寫法是由遠及近,從遠處(「from a distance」)寫起,然後「get closer」,再到(「ten feet away」),最後是「inside the pagoda」……當然,按位置遠近來寫不等於都是由遠及近。根據需要,也可以由近及遠,由表及裡等等。
C. 按邏輯關系排列(logical arrangement)
a. 按重要性順序排列(arrangement in order of importance)
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
這一段談的是表達能力,它的重要性與職業,身份有關,從「not need much skill」或「of little importance」到「more important」,最後是「most important」。
b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that 「sanguine」 and 「sanguinary」 mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
這一段談的是a writer's carelessness,先給出一個general statement作為主題句,然後通過5個 」perhaps」加以例證。
c. 由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主題句是段首句,它僅提出一個問題:為什麼兩只貓會被搞混。然後對兩者進行比較,末句才下結論。
2)、形連
行文的邏輯性常常要靠適當的轉換詞語及其他手段來實現。請讀下面這一段文字並找出文中用以承上啟下的詞語:
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, ring his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上啟下的詞語有兩種,一種是轉換詞語(transitional words or phrases),另一種是起轉換作用的其他連接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有:first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.後者依次是:he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有詞彙105個,所使用的轉換詞語及其他連接用語共26個詞,約占該段總詞彙量的四分之一。由此可見,掌握好transitions不僅對行文的流(smoothness)有益,而且對於學生在半個小時內寫足四級短文所要求的120個詞也是不無好處的。
一個段落里如果沒有transitions也就很難有coherence了。我們看下面一個例子:Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句開頭出現一個起過渡作用的」it」之外,沒有使用其他的過渡詞語。這樣,文中出現許多重復的詞語,全段讀起來也顯得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的過渡詞語來修飾的話,這一段就成了下面一個流暢連貫的段落:
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
4、有損連貫性的幾種情況:
考生在寫作中經常出現下面幾種錯誤:
1、不必要的改變時態,比如:
In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改變單復數,比如:
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改變人稱,比如:
Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此寫作中,一定要注意時態,人稱以及數的變化是否正確,要注意保持一致。
3. 有哪些高效提升英語寫作水平的方法
寫好文章要注意好的方法:
1、比喻是最簡便的修辭,形象、生動和大眾化是它的特點;
2、直接使用喻體能使語句婆娑生姿,產生趣味;
3、在文章中使用與主題或場景相關的喻體,能收到異趣;
4、把A事件比作B事件,這樣的比喻方式比較困難,但卻有奇趣的藝術效果;
5、運用多個比喻,使其成排出現,這樣的語句具有軍營氣勢,如模特方陣正款款而來;
6、比喻應該為人物和主題服務,貶褒之喻都可看出作者的寫作取向;
7、運用通感手法,接通五官,讓香氣變成正方形,叫聲音變成花瓣雨,這樣的寫作手法奇妙無窮;
8、擬人之法是文章的生動之源,你一定要掌握和擅長;
9、誇張使語句產生奇效,誇張亦產生幽默;
10、排比句常用來抒情,對稱句常用來描寫,相同的句式和大致相似的字數,在文中出現也使形式美觀;
11、反復是一種不常用的修辭方法,但你應該了解和懂得;
12、對比的手法很有趣,高山平原,請你去鑒別和感悟。
4. 如何提高英語作文水平
英語學習無外乎就是提升英語的聽說讀寫譯五種能力,而最難提升且中高考英語考試當中最容易扣分的就是英語作文題型,這是學生學習和老師教學最頭疼的交集問題,下面我來和大家分享一下多年積累的最實用的英語寫作方法吧!
我們拿到一個作文題,第一步就是謀篇布局。先要審清題意,審什麼?審作文要求,寫作要點、寫作時態以及寫作難點。我們要通讀作文要求兩遍或兩遍以上,熟知寫作要點,再根據自己的寫作需要來重新組合要點。
第三步是起草。我們完全可以根據所列提綱來進行分段造句,開頭段造兩三句,主體段造四五句,結尾段造兩三句,中間穿插一些過渡性的詞語,整篇小文章就形成了,而且文章層次和詳略都兼顧到了。
注意: 寫作過程中我們要遵循避生就熟的原則。所謂避生就熟就是遇到寫作難點我們要迴避陌生的表達,使用自己能駕馭的句型,通俗一點說就是繞著寫,切勿冒險去生搬硬造。
第四步就是修改。我們通常要在單詞拼寫、名詞單復數、動詞時態及主謂一致上尋找語法錯誤,並作出相應的修改。
5. 提高英語寫作能力有什麼好的方法
:累積實用的佳句,整理製作成卡片
提高英語會話能力,同時又增加詞彙量的有效方法之一是將您從書本上,報刊雜志上看到的精彩文句抄錄下來,製成卡片.視需要可以分成政治,經濟,文學,藝術,體育等類.平時隨身帶著幾張,空閑時就拿出來背背.在會話和寫作時往往能真的派上用場.這是增加詞彙的有效方法,更是練習英語表達能力的良方.收錄的句子不一定要長,有時短句更能言簡意賅.
2:把當天發生的事情,用英語寫成日記
既然說是日記(diary),最好能夠每天寫.英文能否寫的通順還是次要的問題,能夠持續的每天用英文記日記(keep a diary in English)才是最重要的.
日記主要是給自己看的,因此體裁可以較為自由.例如(I
got)up at six.((我)早上六點鍾起床.)(I)went to the zoo this
afternoon.((我)今天下午去了動物園.)(I was)bitten by a dog around
noon.(大約中午時候(我)被一條狗咬了.)這些句子中括弧內的單詞都是在記日記時可以省略的.若因時間關系或其他原因無法寫出句子或段落,即使只列出一些單詞也總比完全不寫的好.下面是一篇寫的比較完整的日記:
It
was already eight o\'clock,and I was still on the bus to school.I was
sure to get into trouble with the teacher.I suddenly remembered she was
going to test us.I didn\'t study at all since I slept too well last
night.Now what should I do?
When I walked into the classroom,I
looked out of the window.The bees were busy making honey from
flowers.The birds also were busy making nets.The sun was shining
brightly.As I saw this,a thought struck me:I wished to leave the
school
at once,to throw my books aside,and to hide in the beautiful world of
nature.But I realized I could not do so.If even the bees and birds were
so busy at work,then I,a human being,should be ashamed of being idle.I
therefore changed my mind and faced the music.
(已經八點鍾了,但我還坐在開往學校的汽車上.我知道一定會挨老師批評.突然我想了起來,她今天要測驗我們.昨天晚上我睡的很香,根本就沒有復習.那現在該怎麼辦呢?
的我走進教室後,向窗外望去.蜜蜂正在花叢間忙著采蜜,小鳥們也在忙著築巢,陽光一片明媚.看到這一切,我突然有個念頭.我但願能馬上逃離教室,把書本扔到一邊,躲藏到美麗的大自然中.但我意識到,我不能這樣做.甚至連小鳥和蜜蜂都在忙著工作,我,作為一個人,應該為無所事事而感到羞恥.因此,我改變了注意,准備接受批評.)
3:用英文寫閱讀摘要
在當今這種國際化的社會里,用英文寫報告,札記,備忘錄的機會越來越多,尤其是從事國際貿易或其他國際事務的人士更需要培養這種能力.
這種英文寫作能力的培養,要靠平時一點一滴努力的積累.我們可以把在工作和休閑時閱讀到的外國文獻,小說故事,或英文報刊雜志報道,評論的內容作成摘要.盡可能不要照抄原文,而是要用自己的英文把已理解的內容簡要的整理出來,然後念給家長,老師,朋友們聽.這樣做可以發現摘要的內容是否正確,自己的發音是否清晰,是一種可以立即見效的練習方式,對於思緒的整理和文字的鍛煉幫助很大.
4:把生活體驗寫成英文作文,或做口頭發表
每星期一至二次,每次用一兩個小時的時間將一星期來生活或工作上的心得和感想寫成三五百字的英文作文.斟酌修改之後,再背誦,然後在適當的時候象做演講一樣復誦給同學,同事或朋友聽.
說給別人聽的目的一方面是訓練自己的膽量,另一方面是試試自己的表達能力,看能否讓別人充分了解自己的意思.為了要說出來,自然要留意發音,語調,節奏等各方面的問題.
您也可以把積極學習英語的同學,同事或朋友組織起來輪流主講,輪流做聽眾.講完之後,彼此用英語進行討論.有個主題做中心可以使會話練習的內容具體而充實,遠勝於空洞不著邊際的自由討論(free
talk).每周堅持做這樣的練習,一年之後在說,寫方面一定會進步神速.
5:隨時用英文思考,用英文記錄
英文程度的好壞,是看您能否在日常生活或工作中隨心所欲的運用英文聽,說,讀,寫的四種技能.而這四種技能的總根源便是用英文思考的能力.
作到用英文思考不是一蹴可及的事.最重要的養成用英語思考的習慣.我們必須從生活中的點點滴滴作起.比如我們在走路時,或排隊買票時把所看到的事物,所聽到的談話或想到的生活瑣事在腦海中用英文表達出來.即使不是完整的句子,用單詞或短語也可以.環境許可的話,把它們記入筆記本里.
6. 怎樣提升自己英語寫作水平
怎樣提升自己英語寫作水平:
加強基礎知識的記憶學習。
一般我們最開始回學習英語的時答候,就開始學習英語單詞,學習語法,在學習這些基礎的時候一定要打牢,並且要能夠靈活的應用。在日常生活中,要積累大量的詞彙量作用是非常大的,這會對自己的英語寫作打下堅實的基礎。在寫文章的時候能夠靈活的應用是最好的。
養成閱讀的好習慣。
通過閱讀,可以不斷擴大和積累詞彙、素材和增強語感、活躍思維、增長智力,從而提高英語寫作能力。在閱讀訓練中,要經常背誦文詞優美的語句和段落,做好知識儲備,在寫作時,才會信手粘來,會讓自己的文章大放光彩,給自己的文章增添不一樣的色彩。
多加練習寫作
可以用雅思或者托福寫作的話題來練習,特別是雅思話題,它比較社會化,會涉及到"Environment","Ecation"以及"Culture"等跟生活息息相關的主題,非常適合用來練筆。養成每周寫上一兩篇文章的習慣,寫完後一定要嘗試著自己去修改,修改時重點關注句子間的邏輯性,用詞的准確性,得體性以及豐富度。寫完了以後,放個一兩天在拿起來修改一下,經過反復的練習,就會,發現自己的文章會有問題,經過多次的修改,就會有明顯的進步。
7. 如何提高英語寫作水平
英語作文寫作要點:
1. 多記片語,同義詞,反義詞。這可以使讀者感到用詞回地道,合乎習慣答又少重復。這好比肉,骨骼肌、橫紋肌、平滑肌什麼都有,不乏味單調。
2. 學習英語表達的習慣句型,應該熟記。這好比骨架,如果人的骨架如果沒有長正,人就站不直。
3. 學習英語的連接詞(例如表示因果、轉折、遞進、例舉等)。這好比關節,如果關節有問題,骨架就連接不自然。
4, 學習英語作文的特點是: 中心思想通常在每段落的第一句(叫做主題句, topic sentence),主題句後再展開論述或說明。這好比衣領,一定好抓住。
5. 在最後要畫龍點睛,總結您自己的觀點,即您的結論句一定要點出您全文的主題。這好比頭, 沒有"頭"的作文別人辨認不出"面孔"來喲。
6. 按照上述的分析去解毒範文, 看看別人是不是這樣寫的。背下這些範文或出彩的句子、片語等,靈活用到您的作文中就會進步。如果讀範文有困難,最好借有英漢對照和註解的範文學習。
寫作時,應該仔細省題, 用所學的知識表達出您想表達的意思。緊扣主題、中心思想明確、句子連貫、流暢、合乎邏輯、無語法和詞法錯誤。
祝您進步。
8. 怎樣才能提高我的英語寫作水平
關於如何提高英語寫作,個人有以下小小心得,供大家參考:
開始之前我想內我們一定要明確容一下,英語寫作和學習任何其他學問一樣,用心,行動,堅持。不經過自己思考的過程,很難學好
首先,英語的學習,聽說讀寫是相互聯系的,沒有聽說讀的基礎,不可能上來就能寫好文章的。聽是說的一個基礎,讀是聽的來源,只有在大量的閱讀的基礎上,培養出英語的語感,積累詞彙與好的句子結構,更多的是廣泛的攝取才有可能累你自己的觀點。
其次,在有了一定的基礎上,一定要精度,記錄好的短語句型,練習套用,比如平時可以在說話的時候,想到了就去用,加深記憶與造句能力。就像我們小時候學漢語一樣,組詞造句這些都是基礎。等有了一定量的積累,可以嘗試段落的寫作。
再次,背誦絕對是一個有效的方法,所謂的背誦一定是張口就能上來,不能背一句想半天。經典的文章,自己喜歡的文章都可以。然後提取文章的框架,即文章的起承轉折。只有從宏觀的去看,才能去布局寫作的骨架。
最後,我要說的是,生活裡面處處用心,不光是只關注英文,一切的一切,只要多用心分析,感悟,這一切都是對寫作提高的有利幫助,你自己是寫作的最終源泉。
9. 怎樣快速提高英語寫作水平
寫作指導
書面表達是綜合性強、難度大的題目。但是,當我們深入研究後就不難發現,書面表達實質上就是組詞成句、連句成篇的一項系統工程。只要我們抓好詞、句、段這三個環節,加強縮寫、改寫、仿寫等練習,由簡到繁、由易到難,一環扣一環地進行訓練,由模仿到活用,由操練到交際,就能使語言知識逐步轉化成言語交際能力。
(一)選詞
詞是語言的最小組成單位,不同詞性的片語合在一起構成句子。因此,要充分利用課文中出現的重點單詞、片語、句型,培養學生學習和識記單詞的能力。
1. 注意一詞多義的應用。如time一詞,在Times have changed中指「時代」;在six times the size of mine中指「倍數」;在in slow time中指「拍子」。切忌在寫文章下筆時,一詞濫用,似是而非。
2. 結合英語構詞法,同義反義比較,名詞的可數與不可數詞義的區別,加強對英語詞形變化的理解,擴充詞彙量。
3. 巧用過渡詞,增強文章邏輯性。為了使所寫短文通順,連貫得體,句子與句子之間過渡自然,提高所寫短文的質量,適當加上一些表示時間順序、遞進、因果、條件、讓步等關系的過渡詞是很有必要的。常見的過渡詞有:
(1)表時間順序的過渡詞:first,second,third,and then,finally,before,after a few days,at last,at that time,later,in the past,immediately,in the meanwhile等等。
(2)表空間順序的過渡詞:near(to),far(from),in the front of,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,to the right,to the left,on one side,on the other side of,outside等等。
(3)表並列的過渡詞:also,and,then,too,as well(as)等等。
(4)表轉折的過渡詞:but,yet,however,in spite of,otherwise等等。
(5)表遞進的過渡詞:what' s more,besides,what' s worse,in addition,furthermore,moreover,again等等。
(6)表目的的過渡詞:for this reason,for this purpose,so that;in order that,so as to,in order to等等。
(7)表因果的過渡詞:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,thus,as等等。
(8)表解釋說明的過渡詞:for example,in fact,in this case,for,actually等等。
(9)表條件的過渡詞:as long as,so long a5,on condition that,if,unless等等。
(10)表讓步的過渡詞:though,as,even if/though,who(what,when,where)ever等等。
(11)表總結的過渡詞:in brief,as has been stated,in a word等等。
(12)過渡性插入語:I think,I' m afraid,you know,as we all know等等。
(二)造句
句子是表達一個較完整意思的最小單位,所以遣詞造句的能力在英語寫作中是非常重要的,是書面表達成敗的關鍵。因此,加強造句訓練就顯得尤其重要。
1. 連詞成句:這是最基本的一種訓練形式。
如:
(1)father,for you,new,will buy,says,a bike可連成Father says,「I will buy a new bike for you. 」
(2)me,all right,write and tell,this will be,please,whether可連成Please write and tell me whether this will be all right.
2. 充分利用教材中特有的句型、句式、語法造句。
(1)句型、句式可使句子表達簡潔、准確,提高文章檔次。
It' s+ adj. +for sb. to do sth. 「對某人來講,做某事是……」。如:
It' s difficult for a child to do the job without help.
It' s no good/use…doing sth. 做某事沒好處/用處
It' s no use giving him any more money.
It is(has been)+時間+since…自從……好長時間了
It is(has been)5 years since he joined the army.
It' s not long before…不久……
It will not be long before be comes back.
It is/was…who/that…強調句型
It was yesterday that we visited the factory.
It seems that…好像……
It seems that she is happy. /She seems happy.
I don't think/believe/expect(that)…我認為……不
I don't think I know you.
Will you please…?請……好嗎?
Will you please help me?
Would you like sth. /to do sth. ?做……好嗎?
Would you like to have a cup of tea?
(2)用主從復合句、分詞作狀語、with復合結構等用法,可使語言描繪更加生動,增強文章的情感性和感召力。如:
What is more,it will become necessary to build gates and walls,which will do harm to the appearance of a city. (NMET 2002書面表達參考答案片段)
I don' t know about others,but l used to work even at weekends,doing endless homework and at tending Classes as well. (NMET 2001書面表達參考答案片段)
It' s a small flat of 25 square meters,with a bedroom,a bathroom and a kitchen. (NMET 2003書面表達參考答案片段)
How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well. (NMET 1998書面表達參考答案片段)
(3)用句型替換練習增強語言的靈活性,拓寬表達空間。如:
這孩子太小,還不到上學的年齡。
The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
我花了5元錢買這本書。
I spent five yuan on the book.
I spent five yuan(in)buying the book.
I paid five yuan for the book.
I bought the book for five yuan.
The book cost me five yuan.
例文賞析
下面是一些常用的精美句子,請注意它們在表達方面的特點。
1. You go down the street,turn to the right,and then you' ll see the post office on your right.
析:幾個動詞的並列。
你順著這條街,向右拐,右邊就是郵局。
2. We arrived at the gate of the school,where we were warmly welcomed.
析:關系副詞where引導的定語從句。
我們來到了校門口,受到了熱烈歡迎。
3. Although we were a little tired,we were excited.
析:although引導的讓步狀語從句。
盡管我們有點累,我們仍然很高興。
4. The old lady was crossing the streets when a young man riding a bicycle rushed up and knocked her down.
析:when表「此刻、那時」。
老婦人正穿過馬路,這時突然一個年輕人騎著自行車沖過來,把她撞倒了。
5. She is a friend to her students as well as a teacher.
析:as well as表「不但……而且……」。
她不但是學生的老師,而且是他們的朋友。
6. The library is quiet and there are a lot of books for us to refer to,which is helpful to our study.
析:which引導的非限制性定語從句。
圖書館里很安靜,有很多書供我們參考,這些書對我們的學習很有幫助。
7. The living conditions have been improved greatly and the town is no longer what it used to be.
析:現在完成時的被動語態。
生活條件大大提高,城鎮不再是原來的樣子。
8. Every time I think of what happened to me a year ago,I feel I was to blame.
析:every time引導的時間狀語從句。
每次我想到一年前發生的事,我就感到我應受到責備。
9. They were not only strict in our studies but also strict with us.
析:not only…but also…表「不但……而且……」。
他們不但對我們的學習嚴格要求,而且對我們也很嚴格。
10. Great changes have taken place in Qing in the recent years.
析:現在完成時的被動語態。
在最近的幾年中,青島發生了巨大的變化。
11. Only when we know well both scientific knowledge and practical skills can we live happily and work wonderfully in the society in the coming future.
析:only引導的倒裝結構。
只有我們掌握了更多的科學知識和實際技能,我們才能在未來的社會中生活幸福,工作順利。
12. The more I earned,the more difficulties I met with.
析:the more…the more…表「越多……越……」。
我學的越多,遇到的困難也越多。
13. But the burden of work in class is so heavy that we have little time to do sports,which has left many of us in poor health.
析:so…that引導的結果狀語從句。
但是,課業負擔太重以至於我們幾乎沒有時間進行體育鍛煉,這使我們中很多人身體狀況不佳。
14. The day we were looking forward to came at last—a week's military training began.
析:定語從句的用法。
一周的軍訓最終到來了,我們一直盼望著這一天。
15. One day on my way home from school,I saw an old woman standing by the roadside,with a heavy bag on her back.
析:with復合結構的用法。
一天,我在放學回家的路上,看見一位老太太站在路邊,背上掛著一個沉重的包裹。
16. On the blackboard were large Chinese characters and English,saying "Welcome to our school!」
析:倒裝結構。
在黑板上,用很大的漢語和英語寫著:「歡迎來我們的學校!」
17. With great curiosity and excitement,we students of Senior 2 began our learning-from-peasant activities in Jiangjia Village,Bin Cheng Township,not far from Beijing.
析:with復合結構的用法。
帶著興奮與好奇,我們高二學生去了離北京不遠的濱城鎮姜家村開展向農民學習的活動。
18. She is such an excellent teacher that we got so much from her,not only the knowledge but also kindness,diligence and appreciation for beauty.
析:so…that及not only…but also…的用法。
她是一位優秀的教師,我們從她身上不僅學到了知識還學到了善良、勤奮和對美的鑒賞力。 19. Our English teacher Mrs. Zhang is an ordinary-looking,grey haired woman wearing a pair of glasses.
析:wearing現在分詞作定語。
我們的英語老師張老師相貌平常,灰白頭發,戴著一副眼鏡。
20. I am living with my parents at No. 68 Jingqi Road and I am a student of Senior 2 at Jinan No. 1 middle school.
析:家庭住址的表示方法。
我同我的父母住在經七路68號,是濟南市一中高二年級的學生。
21. Dong Hai is a newly-built city with a population of about three million,which covers an area of about 20 000 square kilometers facing the Yellow Sea in the east.
析:which引導的非限制性定語從句。
東海市是一座新建城市,有人口近300萬,面積2萬余平方公里,東部面向黃海。
22. After he graated from Beijing Engineering College in 1986,he was sent to Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA to study chemistry.
析:after引導的時間狀語從句。
他1986年畢業於北京工學院,後來到美國麻省理工學院深造,攻讀化學。
23. The team members are required to get ready and others are required to watch and cheer for them. All the football lovers are welcome to watch and coach.
析:welcome的用法。
足球隊員作好准備,其他同學前往助戰,歡迎足球愛好者參觀指導。
24. Those who would like to go are requested to put down their names on this sheet of paper and give eight yuan for the bus fare.
析:who引導的限制性定語從句。
參加者需要登記,並交車費8元。
25. If you continue along Huangpu Road,you'll find on your right the highest building in Binhai,the Friendship Hotel,which has 12 floors.
析:if 引導的條件狀語從句。
如果你繼續沿著黃埔路向前,你會發現右邊是濱海市最高的12層建築——友誼大廈。
26. Pollution if becoming more and more serious all over the world.
析:注意比較級的用法。
全世界污染越來越嚴重。
27. As everyone knows,smoking is harmful to our health.
析:as引導的定語從句。
每個人都知道,吸煙有害健康。
28. It is well-known that a teacher,as an engineer of human soul,plays a very important role in society.
析:注意it作形式主語的用法。
眾所周知,教師作為人類靈魂的工程師,在社會中起著非常重要的作用。
29. Young as he is,he has been honoured as an advanced worker many times,for having got great achievements in his teaching.
析:as引導的讓步狀語從句。
雖然他年輕,但由於他工作成績卓著,多次被評為先進工作者。
30. On hearing that I failed in the contest,I could hardly hold back my tears.
析:on與帶有動詞性意義的名詞或動名詞連用,表「一……就……」。
一聽到在競賽中失敗了,我就禁不住流下了眼淚。
組段
10. 如何提高我的英語寫作能力
首先,我們要增加自己的詞彙量,這樣能夠幫助我們在寫作的時候更加快速的寫出來正確的意思,其次,我們要掌握正確的語法,完善我們的英語知識結構