① 大學生活中現存的問題(英語作文)
Establish scientific goal
In secondary school, all the students almost have a common goal, and that is that pass the college entrance examination, again so tight, intolerable they can persist. But after entering university, many students entered target blind area, there is a sense of loss and laxness again, and difficult to maintain a high school learning enthusiasm. How to spend blind area as soon as possible, re-establish new learning objectives, directly related to the success through college life, successfully completed the study task.
Some freshmen ambitious, locate for oneself is tall and far, lots of ideas, such as one's deceased father grind, take double degree, English after six, an DengJiZheng, an accountant card computer etc. All you want. But the human energy is limited after all, goal too much, pedal several boats, easy to make oneself attend. Each student will realize clearly, ensure the professional learning tasks can be successfully completed all the fundamental goal is with the prerequisite. Some classmates learn this professional course, would be hard, but also to quote a lot of qualification examination result falls "JiFeiDanDa" ending. Therefore, new students after school, should according to their own goals and circumstances, reasonable positioning, defining long-dated goal and recent goals, main targets and side goal, can chew. Also some students feel "on university has achieved ultimate goals", doing nothing all day long and idle away our time, actually university only a learning stage begins, if do not cherish this valuable learning opportunities, it will empty hands.
From professional find interest
Some students complain of their professional and interest not one-for-one and use it as an excuse in university indignities. A person without a will, beliefs and spirit, even if there is interest, causes also difficult to achieve. For their future the survival and development of college freshmen to remember: when you cannot from interest in search for professional, it is to learn from professional in search of interest. University freshman learning underpowered are the deep reasons for lack of ideals, no set up the correct outlook on life.
Graates example proves: college major learning can not be used as the sole weapon, since BaoDaTianXia various practical skills and comprehensive quality was their life-long benefit and precious treasure. In fact, the modern university ecation especially pay attention to students' practical skills and comprehensive qualities, which is not a professional exclusively, besides, many ability and quality of the training from a professional are not.
Adapt to college study atmosphere
After entering university, middle school that with the teacher as the supervisor of the teaching mode to students self-study became independent mode. University teachers mainly impart learning methods, guide the student to carry on the analysis and inction and dection, knowledge acquisition more must depend on oneself to do. Learn to develop their ability to gain knowledge and information, the so-called "learning to learn". In the college, the concept of learning not only refers to class content, also include other aspects. Such as libraries, doing the experiment and participate in extra-curricular activities and all kinds of competitions, and participate in various activities and listen to the collective and community of lectures, to make social investigation, etc, can more and students, teachers, extensive exchange, mutual discussion.
Fully develop themselves
In the college, test scores are no longer measures student's absolute factors, people more importantly is comprehensive ability cultivation and comprehensive quality enhancement. Here the competition is potential, all-round. College students in addition to learn professional courses outside, still should focus on their own comprehensive ability and consciousness training. These capabilities including: communication ability, social activity ability, expressing ability, interpersonal skills and legitimate access monetary compensation of consciousness. As college students, the vision to open, knowledge will try to expand some, attention should be paid to all-round development. Liberal arts to understand more scientific and technical knowledge, learning science also want to understand a little arts knowledge, no matter what major to learn all want to have some art tastes and accomplishment.
樹立科學目標
在中學階段,所有的同學幾乎都有一個共同的目標,那就是考上大學,所以再緊、再累他們都能堅持。但是進入大學之後,許多同學便進入了目標盲區,有了一種失落感、鬆懈感,再也難以保持中學時的求知熱情。如何盡快度過盲區,重新確立新的學習目標,直接關繫到能否順利度過大學生活,圓滿完成學習任務。
有些大一新生雄心勃勃,給自己定位也是又高又遠,想法很多,如考研、拿雙學位、英語過六級、考計算機等級證、考會計證等等都想要。但人的精力畢竟是有限的,目標太多,腳踏幾只船,容易使自己顧此失彼。每個同學都要清楚地認識到,確保自己本專業學習任務能夠圓滿完成是一切目標的根本與前提。有的同學學習本專業的課程本來就比較吃力,卻還要報一大堆資格考試,結果落得「雞飛蛋打」的結局。因而,新同學進校後,應根據自己的目標和具體情況,合理進行定位,確定好遠期目標和近期目標,主攻目標和附帶目標,不能好高騖遠。也有的同學感覺「上大學已經實現了終極目標」,整天無所事事、虛度光陰,其實大學只是一個學習階段的開始,如果不珍惜這一寶貴的學習機會,將來勢必兩手空空。
從專業中找興趣
有些學生抱怨自己的專業與興趣不對口,並以此為借口在大學混日子。一個人沒有意志、信念和精神,即使有興趣,事業也難以有成。為了自己將來的生存和發展,大學新生們要切記:當你不能從興趣中尋找專業時,那就學習從專業中尋找興趣。大學新生學習動力不足的深層原因是缺乏遠大的理想,沒有樹立正確的人生觀。
畢業生的例子同樣證明:大學里的專業學習並不能作為此後包打天下的惟一法寶,各種實際技能和綜合素質才是自己終身受益的寶貴財富。實際上,現代大學教育尤其注重學生的實際技能和綜合素質的培養,而這又並非某個專業所獨有的,況且,許多能力和素質的培養也不僅僅來源於某個專業。
適應大學學習氛圍
進入大學後,中學那種以教師為主導的教學模式變成了以學生自學為主的自主模式。大學老師主要傳授學習方法,引導學生進行分析、歸納、推導,知識的獲取更多要靠自己去做。要學會培養自己獲取知識和信息的能力,即所謂的「學會學習」。在大學里,學習的概念不僅僅指課堂上的內容,還包括其他方面。如泡圖書館、做實驗、參加豐富多彩的課外活動及各種競賽、參與各種集體和社團活動、聆聽各類講座、搞社會調查等,更可以和同學、師長廣泛交流,相互切磋。
全方面發展自己
在大學里,考試分數不再是衡量學生的絕對因素,人們更看重的是綜合能力的培養和全面素質的提高。在這里競爭是潛在的,全方位的。大學生除了要學好專業課程外,還應該注重對自身綜合能力和意識的培養。這些能力包括:溝通能力、社會活動能力、表達能力、人際交往能力以及正當獲取金錢報酬的意識。作為大學生,視野要開闊,知識面也要盡量擴大一些,要注意全面發展。學文科的要懂一點科學技術知識,學理科的也要懂一點文科的知識,不管學什麼專業都要有一些藝術方面的愛好和修養。
② 英語寫作中要注意哪些細節問題
這個問題好大,下面給你介紹一些,希望有幫到你! 英語寫作注意事項一.如何使句子意義明確怎樣寫、寫什麼樣的文章才能得高分呢?這是大家共同關心的問題。下面請大家注意以下幾個句子:
(1)I get up early,study hard and go to bed late.我早起晚睡,努力學習。
(2)Everything was over.I put my heart into my stomach.一切都結束了。我放心了。
(3)You must make a choice,because you can't eat fish and bear's paw at the same time.你必須做出選擇,因為魚與熊掌不可兼得。
這幾個句子都是同學們平時寫作練習中出現過的,信手拈來與大家共同探討。雖然句子結構本身沒有毛病,但是屬於壞句子。為什麼呢?先說句(1),它給人造成的印象很模糊,泛泛而談,空洞無物。How early? How late?How hard?沒有交代清楚。這就涉及到寫單句(非簡單句)的一條原則:具體的原則。能給人留下深刻印象的東西往往是具體的事物,比如說某人想家時會想念家鄉的「一草一木」。這「一草一木」就是家鄉的「一切的一切」的具體化。同樣,要形象地說明自己起早貪黑,刻苦學習的情形,就不能僅僅用兩個無法限定準確時間的副詞 early和late及無法限定準確程度的副詞hard來表示。經提示後,該學生將句(1)改成了:I get up early in the morning,study 8 hours and go to bed late at night。還是不太理想。他想了想再改成:I get up at 5:50 in the morning,study earnestly 8 hours all day and go to bed at 11:00。這樣就好多了。
句(2)和句(3)的問題是非英語(Non-English),也就是說這種說法在英語中不存在。由於許多同學寫作時往往是用漢語打腹稿,然後逐句譯成英語,所以這種「漢化英語」為數不少。解決的辦法就是加強詞彙積累,同時注意培養英語思維習慣。日積月累,能夠改觀。二.句型的靈活運用句子提倡簡煉,但不是說都用簡單句。簡單句的堆徹實際上是語言技巧不成熟、不老練,甚至語言水平低下的表現。在某種意義上來說,在詞數相同的作文中,語言水平越高,語言技巧越熟練,句子的數目也就越少。這就意味著句子長了,句子結構復雜了。 反對過多地使用簡單句並不是鼓勵刻意追求長句、復雜句。我們追求的是句子結構的多變。一篇文章能根據表達的內容使用不同的句子結構,會產生較好的藝術效果。 三.大學英語作文中的問題作文不理想的原因很多,總的看來主要有以下幾個方面的問題: 第一、英語底子太薄。底子太薄主要表現為對語法知識掌握不牢及對基本詞彙記憶不清。它包括定冠詞和不定冠詞的濫用,主謂不一致,單復數搞不清楚(例如:a people等),時態和語態混亂及詞語的各種形式掌握不牢。有的學生文章寫得很長,字跡也很工整,但是讀完之後只覺得思路紊亂,支離破碎,沒有一個完整的句子,所以也就只能得兩三分以慰勞苦。 第二、詞彙量太小,且對已學詞彙記憶不清。除了底子太薄這個歷史原因之外,學生詞彙量太小也是一個不容忽視的原因。有的學生漢語功底很好,用漢語作文,他們就會思如泉湧,下筆千言,但是一到用英語作文就好像被縛住了手腳,不知如何下手。比如99年1月的作文,題目是"Don't Hesitate to Say No", 大部分學生能夠領會題意並能按給出的漢語提綱作文,但有的學生連Hesitate是什麼意思都不知道,更不用說在此基礎上再作發揮了。另外有的學生雖然對題目及要求非常清楚,但是因為自己所掌握的詞彙所限,無法用一些合適的詞來表達自己的思想,於是只有繞著題目翻來覆去亂說一氣,再加上這次出的作文提綱就象一道繞口令: 1、 別人請求幫助時,在什麼情況下我們會說「不」;
2、 為什麼有些人在該說「不」的時候不說「不」;
3、 該說「不」時不說「不」的壞處。 所以在說過一個又一個的"No"再加幾個"Yes"之後,閱卷老師也給搞得雲里霧里,頭腦發脹,最後也只得酌情給個兩三分罷了。還有的一寫到紙上就是錯字別字滿篇,有些詞彙的用法也走了樣。其中最典型的就是for example寫成example for , for instance寫成for a instance, illegal 寫成unlegle, 而such as, in spite of 等許多短語則是亂用一氣。詞彙的有限導致
③ 求英語作文 大學裡面存在的問題
There』s an old Chinese saying: "The teacher is not qualified, if he is not strict with his students." So we can see that in former times the relations between students and teachers were serious and formal. But nowadays, maybe because of the western influence, this kind of re lations becomes less formal and more friendly, especially at colleges and universities.
College students don』t have to stand up when the teacher comes into the classroom. Students are generally encouraged to ask questions ring class, to go to the professor』s office for help or to have a discussion with the tutor after class, and to phone if they need help in their lessons.
However, students are still expected to be polite to their teachers. When students want to ask questions, they usually raise their hands first and wait until they』re allowed to speak. But if a professor is giving a formal lecture, it is the wrong time to ask a question. If you de so, you are rude enough to offend the lecturer and the other classmates.
1。Q:如何解決學生與老師之間的問題:
A:Teachers looking for students to talk; teachers thought, remembers that at that time the process of happening. If the student has made a mistake, looking for students to talk and tell him where the patient is wrong, do not know if he can not blame him, can be used to guide him some examples. If a teacher has made a mistake, as a good teacher must be sincere apology to the students.
2。Q:學校管理存在哪些問題,如何解決學校管理上存在的問題
A:Manage a school has a lot of work to be done, but I think the main thing should be to do a good job 5. First, the principals to focus on improving the quality of their own; Second, we must build a good team of teachers; the third, starting from the details, to enable students to develop good habits of civilization; Fourth, we must continuously improve the quality of ecation and teaching; Fifth, we should vigorously improve the effectiveness of school management.
First: principals to focus on improving the quality of their own
Second: To build an excellent team of teachers
Third: from the details of measures: to enable students to develop good habits of civilization
Fourth: To continuously improve the quality of ecation and teaching
Fifth: we should vigorously improve the effectiveness of school management
School management is a science, school management also like reading, reading a "more time thicker" and "The thinner the more time" process, as the president of both actively involved in school practice, but also from " red tape "to get out of the" school management this book "" The more time the more thin "- follow the rules of ecation and teaching in order to improve management performance, and achieved the best efficiency of school. Or the phrase, according to the rules of Office, according to the law to do, it will definitely meet our objective.
④ 大學英語寫作中詞彙錯誤歸因及其應對策略。急求學生如何採取應對策略,感激不盡。
我就來介紹幾個神器吧!
1. Thesaurus.com
絕對是把低端初高中第一印象詞彙變成高大上學術專業詞彙的利器。只需要把你想替換的詞輸進去,就可以得到近義詞,並且可以按照詞彙的長度和復雜程度進行篩選……
比如大家極其常用的important,小學生都快會用了吧?放在學術文章里是不是太low了點……
那麼,試試significant怎麼樣?還是太普通?crucial呢?critical呢?要不換成influential或者essential?是不是瞬間高大上了很多?
畢竟學術寫作中會更prefer較長和較復雜的詞彙,想像一下把那些自己寫出來都嫌幼稚的詞換一下的話……
Thesaurus還有很多更好的功能比如詞彙的think map,可以慢慢去探索。
2. Academic Word List (AWL Information)
在很久很久以前,一個叫做Averil Coxhead的紐西蘭同學在做自己的碩士論文時發現,即使是專業如學術論文,在行文時也並不會漫天撒網掉書袋地使用各種各樣千奇百怪包羅萬象的詞彙,而是只用數量有限的幾百個核心詞來闡釋自己的論述。於是,聰明的她把這些詞彙總結成Academic Word List,從此造福了廣大非英語母語的論文寫作者……
嫌寫論文時詞彙少?想提高詞彙量,又抱著一本字典望著從A到Z數以千計的茫茫詞海不知如何下手?別擔心,你所需要記住的只是570個詞而已!
更何況,即使在這500多個單詞中,也有很大一部分是你知道見過甚至熟練掌握的。以sublist 1為例,你會不知道analyse?不知道economy?不知道environment不知道major?嗯?
500多詞,10個sublists,還有那麼多已經會的詞彙,再慢一個月以內也搞得定吧?快點的話……一個星期?
3. Academic Phrasebank
嚴格說來這不是一個狹義上擴充詞彙量的工具,但是它教你怎麼用恰當的短語和句式來連接你文章中的不同部分,讓你的文章更有整體感和邏輯性,絕對也是不能錯過的……
很多同學不知道怎麼用邏輯構築自己的論述,用來用去都是and but however therefore……
拜託,這種低端詞彙怎麼入的了academic journal做peer review人的法眼?要不試試下面這些?
Nevertheless, the strategy has not escaped criticism from governments, agencies and academics.
However, approaches of this kind carry with them various well known limitations.
Although extensive research has been carried out on X, no single study exists which adequately covers ...
是不是顯得專業多了?
而且Academic Phrasebank的好處在於,它按照文章通常結構幫你分類了你可能會用到的短語和句式,例如怎麼寫緒論,怎麼做文獻回顧,怎麼批判地評價他人的觀點,怎麼介紹方法論,怎麼報告研究結果,怎麼做總結,等等等等……如果急用可以像翻字典一樣直接按需查找,如果是平時積累把整個部分通讀一次也能大有進益。
英語寫作能力尤其是學術文章的寫作能力和通常意義上的英語水平本來就不是同一個東西,而是需要單獨訓練的技巧。如果沒有受過訓練,哪怕是native speaker也會寫出很爛的學術文章。
好在只要是技巧就可以學習,能學習就一定有竅門,而掌握竅門恰恰是亞洲尤其是中國學生所擅長的……
⑤ 大學英語作文中常見的錯誤句型
http://www.docin.com/p-372863568.html
⑥ 英語寫作要注意什麼
1、要有鮮明的主題思想和內容。
2、要有完整的組織結構。比如:有時間順序,有空間回距離,符合邏輯答,按重要性排列,有比較和對比,有分類和闡述。
3、要使用正確的語態。
4、詞語的選擇和使用要恰當。
5、句子要符合常識和具有多樣性。
6、拼寫、標點和大小寫都要正確。
(6)大學英語寫作中的常見問題擴展閱讀:
英語作文的寫作技巧:
英語考試作文試題的一個最大的特點就是時限性,即在有限的時間內(一般分配30分鍾)按試題要求完成作文試題。
英語作文試題一般要求字數在120字左右,段落一般為三段,因而有「三段論」一說。
所謂「三段論」即全文分為三個自然段,一般結構為「首段擺事實(現象)、提觀點(論點或問題),在這一部分參試者最好將題目要求中的第一個要點(一般為提出問題或觀點)作為首段的內容之一;
第二段剖析現象、分析論點,這也是全文的主體部分。在這一部分參試者需要將試題要求中的所有要點的內容都加以闡述和擴展,同時注意不要信馬由韁的寫一些與文章主題無關的內容以免被當作跑題處理;
第三段為結論段,這一段的主要任務是為全文做一個結論性的終結,讓文章顯得完整和連貫。至於開頭和結尾有一定的固定的套路可循。
參考資料來源:網路—英語作文
⑦ 英語寫作要注意的幾種情況:常見的10個句子錯誤
Incomplete Sentence - Sentence Fragment
句子不完整——殘缺句
One common mistake many students make is the use of incomplete sentences. Each sentence in English must contain at least a subject and a verb, and should be an independent clause. Examples of incomplete sentences without a subject or a verb might include an instruction or a prepositional phrase.
許多學生都會犯一個常見的錯誤,就是寫出來的句子不完整。英語中,每個句子都必須至少有一個主語,一個動詞,並單獨成句。沒有主語或動詞的殘缺句子可能就只有表示指令的句子或者介詞短語了。
For example:
例如:
Through the door.
穿過大門。
In the other room.
在另一個房間。
Over there.
在那裡。
These are phrases we may use in spoken English, but that should not be used in written English as they are incomplete.
在英語口語中,你可能會用到這些短語,但是因為它們畢竟不是完整的英語句子,所以在書面語言中,我們一般不會使用。
Sentence fragments caused by dependent clauses used without an independent clause are more common. Remember that subordinating conjunctions introce dependent clauses. In other words, if you use a subordinating clause beginning with a word such as 'because, though, if, etc.' there must be an independent clause to complete the thought. This mistake is often made on tests asking a question with 'Why'.
由於缺乏獨立分句的從屬子句導致的句子殘缺很常見。記住,從屬連詞引出了從屬子句。也就是說,如果你用一些詞語來引出從句,例如because,though,if等等,就必須要有一個獨立分句來使句子完整。我們在考試中,使用why來提出問題時,經常會犯這樣的錯誤。
For example, the sentences:
例如,下面這個句子:
Because Tom is the boss.
因為湯姆就是老闆。
Since he left work early without permission.
自從他不經允許就早退。
We might answer the question: "Why did he lose his job?" However, these are sentence fragments. The correct answer would be:
我們可能會問:「他為什麼丟掉工作?」但是,這些句子都是不完整的。正確用法應該是:
He lost his job because Tom is the boss.
因為湯姆就是老闆,所以他丟掉了工作。
He lost his job since he left work early without permission.
他因為不經允許就早退而丟掉了工作。
Other examples of incomplete sentences introced by subordinating clauses include:
其他關於從屬子句的殘缺句還包括下面內容:
Even though he needs help.
雖然他需要幫助
If they study enough.
如果他們好好學習
As they had invested in the company.
因為他們投資了這家公司
Run-on Sentences
句子不連貫
Run-on sentences are sentences that:
不連貫句子指的是:
1) are not connected by appropriate linking language such as conjunctions
缺乏合適的連接詞,例如連詞。
2) use too many clauses rather than using periods and linking language such as conjunctive adverbs
使用過多的從句,而非句號和連接語,例如連接副詞
The first type leaves out a word - usually a conjunction - that is required to connect a dependent and independent clause. For example:
第一種是漏掉了一個詞——通常是連接詞——用於連接非獨立子句和獨立子句。
The students did well on the test they didn't study very much.
學生們考得很好他們沒有下多少功夫。
Anna needs a new car she spent the weekend visiting car dealerships.
安娜想買輛新車她整個周末都在約見代理商。
The first sentence should use either a conjunction 'but', or 'yet' or a subordinating conjunction 'although, even though, or though' to connect the sentence. In the second sentence, the conjunction 'so' or the subordinating conjunction 'since, as, or because' would connect the two clauses.
第一句話要麼應該加上一個連詞but,要麼加上yet,或者一個從屬連詞although, even though或though來連接前後兩句。
The students did well, yet they didn't study very much.
學生們考得很好,但他們並沒有下多少功夫。
Anna spent the weekend visiting car dealerships since she needs a new car.
因為想買輛新車,安娜整個周末都在約見代理商。
Another common run on sentence occurs when using too many clauses. This often occurs using the word 'and'.
另一種句子不連貫發生在使用太多從句的時候。常常是由於and一詞導致。
We went to the store and bought some fruit, and we went to the mall to get some clothes, and we had lunch at McDonald's, and we visited some friends.
我們去商店買了一些水果,去購物商城買了一些衣服,在麥當勞吃的午飯,又見了一些朋友。
The continuous chain of clauses using 'and' should be avoided. In general, do not write sentences that contain more than three clauses to ensure that your sentences do not become run-on sentences.
我們應該避免使用and來連接一大串的從句。一般來說,從句不要超過三個,以確保句子的連貫性。
Duplicate Subjects
兩個主語
Sometimes students use a pronoun as a plicate subject.
有時候,學生們會將代詞作為第二個主語。
Remember that each clause takes only one sentence. If you have mentioned the subject of a sentence by name, there is no need to repeat with a pronoun.
記住,每個從句只需要一句話。如果之前你已經提到主語的名字,就不需要再用代詞重復了。
Example 1:
例一:
Tom lives in Los Angeles.
湯姆住在洛杉磯。
NOT
而不是
Tom, he lives in Lost Angeles.
湯姆,他住在舊金山。
Example 2:
例二:
The students come from Vietnam.
學生們來自越南。
NOT
而不是
The students they come from Vietnam.
學生們他們來自越南。
Incorrect Tense
時態錯誤
Tense usage is a common mistake in student writing. Make sure that the tense used corresponds to the situation. In other words, if you are speaking about something that happened in the past do not use include a tense that refers to the present. For example:
時態錯誤在學生寫作中很常見。你要確保時態與事情發生的情況一致。也就是說,如果你要表達的是發生在過去的事,就不要使用現在時態。例如:
They fly to visit their parents in Toronto last week.
上周他們坐飛機去看望父母。
Alex bought a new car and drives it to her home in Los Angeles.
亞歷克斯買了一輛新車,並把它開進了洛杉磯的家。
Incorrect Verb Form
動詞形式錯誤
Another common mistake is the use of an incorrect verb form when combining with another verb. Certain verbs in English take the infinitive and others take the gerund (ing form).
另一個常見的錯誤就是在與其他動詞連用時,動詞形式的錯誤。英語中的動詞既有不定式形式,又有動名詞形式。
It's important to learn these verb combinations. Also, when using the verb as a noun, use the gerund form of the verb.
學習這些動詞的連用很重要。當動詞作為名詞使用時,就要使用動名詞形式。
He hopes finding a new job. / Correct -> He hopes to find a new job.
他想找一個新工作。
Peter avoided to invest in the project. / Correct -> Peter avoided investing in the project.
皮特沒有在這個項目上投資。
Parallel Verb Form
動詞復數形式
A related issue is the use of parallel verb forms when using a list of verbs. If you are writing in the present continuous tense, use the 'ing' form in your list. If you are using the present perfect, use the past participle, etc.
在使用多個動詞時,有一個問題就是動詞復數形式的使用。如果你是在用現在進行時進行寫作,就應該使用動詞ing形式。如果你使用的是現在完成時,就應該使用過去分詞形式。
She enjoys watching TV, play tennis, and cook. / Correct -> She enjoys watching TV, playing tennis, and cooking.
她喜歡看電視,打網球和烹飪。
I've lived in Italy, working in Germany and study in New York. / Correct -> I've lived in Italy, worked in Germany, and studied in New York.
我住在義大利,在德國工作,在紐約讀書。
Use of Time Clauses
時間從句的使用
Time clauses are introced by the time words 'when', 'before', 'after' and so on. When speaking about the present or future use the present simple tense in time clauses. If using a past tense, we usually use the past simple in a time clause.
時間從句由時間詞語引導,例如when,before,after等等。當我們表達現在或將來的事時,可以使用一般現在時的時間從句。如果使用過去時態,通常會使用過去時的時間從句。
We'll visit you when we will come next week. / Correct -> We'll visit you when we come next week.
下周我們會來看你。
She cooked dinner after he was arriving. / Correct -> She cooked dinner after he arrived.
他到了之後,她才開始煮飯。
Subject - Verb Agreement
主謂一致
Another common mistake is to use incorrect subject - verb agreement. The most common of these mistakes is the missing 's' in the present simple tense. However, there are other types of mistakes. Always look for these mistakes in the helping verb.
另一個常見的錯誤就是主謂不一致。最常見的就是一般現在時中漏掉了-s。但是,還有其他類型的錯誤。這些錯誤常發生在助動詞的使用上。
Tom play guitar in a band. / Correct -> Tom plays guitar in a band.
湯姆在樂隊里是彈吉他的。
They was sleeping when she telephoned. / Correct -> They were sleeping when she telephoned.
他打電話過來時,他們都睡著了。
Pronoun Agreement
代詞一致
Pronoun agreement mistakes take place when using a pronoun to replace a proper noun. Often this mistake is a mistake of use of a singular form rather than a plural or vice versa. However, pronoun agreement mistakes can occur in object or possessive pronouns, as well as in subject pronouns.
代詞不一致發生在用代詞來替代專有名詞的情況下。通常是使用了單復數形式的錯誤使用。但是,代詞不一致也會發生在賓語或物主代詞,和主格代名詞上。
Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job. / Correct -> Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job.
湯姆在漢堡一家公司工作。他熱愛這份工作。
Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. He thought they were very difficult.Correct -> Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. They thought it was very difficult.
(正確)安德里亞和皮特在學校里學習了俄語。他們覺得俄語很難。
Missing Commas After Linking Language
連接語言後漏掉了逗號
When using an introctory phrase as linking language such as a conjunctive adverb or sequencing word, use a comma after the phrase to continue the sentence.
當我們使用介紹性短語,例如連接副詞或表示順序的詞語,通常會在短語後面打上逗號來連接下文。
⑧ 英語學術論文寫作中有哪些常見問題
隨著越來越多的學術論文湧向高影響因子期刊,語言問題成了影響學術成果傳播的一個重要因素,在中國,每年因為語言表述不清,用詞不當等語言問題被拒稿的仍然占總拒稿量的較高比例,高水平的研究成果能得到國際同行的認可與交流,語言關是首先要通過的。
查爾斯沃思論文潤色編輯在潤色中國作者稿件時總結出一些普遍存在的語言問題如下:
標題冗長、不準確、書寫不規范
標題的重要性以前我們在文章中已經多次提過,在此不必過多強調,主要說作者常犯的錯誤。首先是字數太長,不簡潔,這樣不僅不利於期刊檢索也會導致無法突出重點,過於籠統。
不同領域的學術期刊都有對標題的字數的限制,如JAMA(美國醫學會雜志)規定不得超過42個印刷字元(一個英文字母佔一個印刷符號、空格和標點佔一個印刷符號)。英國皇家數學學會規定標題不超過12個單詞。因此不要使用無信息量詞彙,盡量做到簡潔。
用詞不當、錯別字、縮略詞
還記得去年3月份查爾斯沃思發表的文章《OA期刊 贊上帝 ,英語水平是硬傷》,就是因為一篇在PLOS ONE上有中國作者發表的文章,由於用詞不當,中國作者將造物主理解為大自然也許沒錯,不過,在英文用詞上就不能直譯成 God,鬧了把大笑話。
用詞不當包括專業術語、語法、搭配等方面的使用不當,有些作者甚至會杜撰,如藍藻(cyanophytes)又叫藍綠藻(blue-green algae),而有的作者會將其翻譯成「blue algae」,完全是中國式英語。
另一個存在的問題是縮略詞的使用,縮略詞是為了方便信息的交流,但不能過度使用,有些縮略詞由於存在一詞多義的現象,如果使用這類縮略詞往往會引起歧義,如AIS 既可表示自動識別系統也可表示會計信息系統和人工免疫系統,因此,在遇到這類縮略詞時要用全稱。
除了上述的幾個問題外,還有許多語言方面的問題值得去說,這些我們將在以後的文章中講解。
參考:查爾斯沃思論文潤色網頁鏈接
⑨ 關於大學英語作文的問題
一、注重閱讀寫作是一種語言輸出形式,只有語言輸入大於語言輸出,語言輸出才有可能:只有積累了一定的思想感受和大量的語言素材,才有可能寫好。因此,閱讀能夠促進寫作,它是寫作的基礎。閱讀不僅能幫助學生積累思想,也能幫助他們積累語言素材。要想寫出好文章,就必須大量讀書。對學生而言,他們對生活的體驗、對人生的認識大多是從書本上獲得、從大量的閱讀中獲取的。讀和寫的關系非常密切,唐代大詩人杜甫說過"讀書破萬卷,下筆如有神",美國作家舒伯特又指出:"Reading is writing"。很多作家也是在大量閱讀他人好作品的基礎上開始練習寫作的。我們在閱讀過程中應細心分析和揣摩原文的語言特點、遣詞造句、習慣用法和固定搭配等。不但要細讀、精讀,而且還要摘錄其中的常用片語,言簡意賅的句子和富有哲理、優美、精彩的段落,並有意識地背誦、模仿。長期堅持這種練習,頭腦中自然會存儲大量優美、地道的表達法,口頭交流或寫文章時自然會得心應手,筆下生花。二、仿寫作文任何語言學習都需要模仿,因為語言是"約定俗成"的,要使用某種語言就得"入鄉隨俗",服從這種語言習慣。英語寫作也需要模仿,即使有了詞彙、語法等基本語言材料,也還要模仿英語的語言習慣,模仿用英語寫作的方法和技巧。模仿範文能直接提高學生謀篇布局和銜接上下文的能力。因此,仿寫在英語寫作教學中,是一種最基本而且十分有效的寫作訓練形式。模仿寫作最主要的就是模仿思路。英語寫作和中文寫作一樣,記敘文要有貫穿全篇的線索,以使事件或故事發生、發展的脈絡清楚;描寫文要有合理的邏輯順序,其展開的順序要符合認識規律,反映由具體到抽象、由淺到深的思維過程;說明文要選擇合適的角度,按照一定的時間或空間順序來說明事物。對於各類範文的特點要認真分析。仿寫時,為了便於學生更好地發揮,可要求學生只模仿體裁,而對內容不作具體限定。如學了"How to plant vegetables"後,可要求學生寫"How to plant flowers"來進行練習;學了Madame Curie一課,可讓學生寫自己熟悉的一位科學家。常言道"熟能生巧",只要學生多模仿寫作,模仿到嫻熟的地步,寫作能力自然會提高。三、課外練筆寫作實踐是寫作理論轉化為寫作能力的"中介"。寫作要突出實踐,正如學習游泳一樣,寫作的能力是練出來的。課外練筆是課堂寫作訓練最有益的補充,因為課堂時間有限,僅靠課堂寫作訓練培養學生的寫作能力是不夠的。作文不是"學"出來的,而是"寫"出來的。學生必須進行大量的寫作練習才能掌握並且靈活運用各種寫作技能,而且寫作技能只有在不斷寫作的過程中才能逐步得到提高和完善。此外,學生的英語語言意識和英語思維能力的培養也需要大量的練習。可見,課外練筆非常必要,應該給予重視。課外練筆的形式多種多樣,可採用讓學生寫英語日記、寫英語周記、寫英語隨筆、用英語寫信等等,教師也可有意識地給學生提供一些盡量貼近生活的時尚話題,如奧運會、環境保護等,讓學生在課外習作。由於英語寫作中一個很突出的問題就是文章內容的貧乏,教師在布置寫作任務之後,可先讓學生開展討論。要求學生記下當時浮現於腦海中的所有內容,從描寫、分析、聯想等多個方面挖掘題材,並在討論中相互切磋,彼此爭論,開拓思路,教師可進行必要的引導和歸納總結。總之,要擴大學生的生活面和知識面,開展多種形式的寫作訓練,學生的寫作能力就一定會得到很大提高,並達到事半功倍的效果。四、注重批改學生在完成寫作任務之後,教師應注重作文的評改工作。有調查顯示,學生一般不喜歡教師抽樣改作文,而且希望教師肯定其作文優點的願望十分強烈。因此,教師應盡量認真批閱每一位學生的習作,並且應採用比較科學直觀的評分標准。要指出習作中的主要優缺點及改進方向,但注意不可把學生的習作評得一無是處,即便在指出習作缺點,提出改進意見時也應做到語氣委婉,親切熱情,在課堂上可針對集體評閱的優秀作文作一些錯誤分析,或將學生習作中普遍性的錯誤記下來,在課堂上稍做講解糾正。重心應放在肯定學生作文的優點上,使用簡單的評語如Excellent, Good, Unique, Interesting, Vivid, Entertaining等。這樣能夠維護學生的信心,激發他們的進取精神和學習動力。在課堂上講評優秀作文時,教師與學生一道發表自己的見解,從構思、謀篇布局到語言運用等方面充分肯定作文的優點,特別是對語言的連貫銜接及思路的擴展挖掘給予較詳細的講評,使學生通過這樣的講評,從中吸取經驗,更好地完成今後的寫作任務。另外,教師還可要求學生背誦一些佳句及範文,為寫作準備必要的語言素材,這樣也有利於學生寫作水平的提高。參考資料 http://e.sina.com.cn/en/2005-01-28/30155.html