❶ 英文版的名人傳記
Bill Gates(比爾·蓋茨）
Bill Gates was born on Oct, 28 in 1955 and grew up in Seattle with his two sisters. His father was a lawyer and his mother was a teacher. Bill Gates had his elementary school and high school ecation is Seattle. And it was ring that time Bill founded that his interests lying in writing programs and began to write programs at 13.
In 1973, Bill Gates was matriculated by Harvard but he quitted from Harvard three years later. He put all his time and energy into designing programs for Microsoft Cooperation which established in 1975 by Bill and his friend Paul Allen. He was committed to long –term development and improving the functions
Owing to Bill』s talent and efforts, Microsoft developed rapidly and its software won more and more reputations among the publics.
What』s more, Bill is also committed to philanthropy. So far, he has donated more than 24 billion dollars to establish a fund to support medical security and ecation careers in the world.
Bill Gates married Melinda French Gates on Jan, 1st in 1994.They have three children .In the spare time, Bill has passion in reading books and playing golf.
❷ 關於中國人物傳記(有小標題)的英文作文
Albert Einstein was bron in Germany in 1879.he started instered in Compass whe he was a little boy .he likes doing some small research by himself .he study high maths in high scool.when he finish the collage ,he moved to swiss and published the photoelectric effect speech.he became the most famous sincentist in the world .
At last ,he died in 1955.we lost a greatest scientist in the world.we miss him for ever.
❸ 人物傳記英文200詞
Charles Dickens (7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870)， pen-name "Boz"， was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era， as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers， he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters， and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime.
Later critics， beginning with George Gissing and G. K. Chesterton， championed his mastery of prose， his endless invention of memorable characters and his powerful social sensibilities， but writers such as George Henry Lewes， Henry James and Virginia Woolf fault his work for sentimentality， implausible occurrence and grotesque characters.
The popularity of Dickens' novels and short stories has meant that not one has ever gone out of print. Dickens wrote serialised novels， the usual format for fiction at the time， and each new part of his stories was eagerly anticipated by the reading public.
T中英文結合
heodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt
Twenty-Sixth President
1901-1909
Married to Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt
西奧多*羅斯福
第二十六任總統
1901-1909
娶愛蒂斯*凱姆麗*卡羅*羅斯福為妻
With the assassination of President McKinley， Theodore Roosevelt， not quite 43， became the youngest President in the Nation\'s history. He brought new excitement and power to the Presidency， as he vigorously led Congress and the American public toward progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy.
隨著麥金利總統被暗殺，西奧多*羅斯福（尚未43歲）成為美國歷史上最年輕的總統。他為總統的職位帶來新的活力，正如他熱力四射地引導國會和美國大眾進行銳利的改革和強勢的外交政策。
He took the view that the President as a "steward of the people" should take whatever action necessary for the public good unless expressly forbidden by law or the Constitution." I did not usurp power，" he wrote， "but I did greatly broaden the use of executive power."
他認為:總統是人民的公僕，應該採取一切盡可能的行動為大眾謀福利，除非是法律和憲法法禁止的。他寫道:「我不會越權，但我應該在我的權力范圍內為最大程度地利用它。
Roosevelt\'s youth differed sharply from that of the log cabin Presidents. He was born in New York City in 1858 into a wealthy family， but he too struggled--against ill health--and in his triumph became an advocate of the strenuous life.
羅斯福的年輕和以往的總統有極大的不同。1858年，他出生在紐約市一個富裕的家庭。但他和病魔作斗爭，並最後戰勝。這使他成為緊張生活方式的擁護者。
In 1884 his first wife， Alice Lee Roosevelt， and his mother died on the same day. Roosevelt spent much of the next two years on his ranch in the Badlands of Dakota Territory. There he mastered his sorrow as he lived in the saddle， driving cattle， hunting big game--he even captured an outlaw. On a visit to London， he married Edith Carow in December 1886.
1884年，他的第一任妻子和他的母親在同一天去世。在接下來的兩年時間里，他在達科他荒地上的大農場度過。為了戰勝自己的悲傷，他騎馬、趕牛、打獵——他甚至還抓到一個亡命之徒。1886年12月，在一次倫敦的訪問中，他和愛蒂斯*卡羅結婚。
During the Spanish-American War， Roosevelt was lieutenant colonel of the Rough Rider Regiment， which he led on a charge at the battle of San Juan. He was one of the most conspicuous heroes of the war.
在美西戰爭中，羅斯福是大騎兵團的中校。他率領他們在聖*胡安戰役中沖鋒。他成為一個家喻戶曉的戰爭英雄。
Boss Tom Platt， needing a hero to draw attention away from scandals in New York State， accepted Roosevelt as the Republican candidate for Governor in 1898. Roosevelt won and served with distinction.
鮑斯*湯姆*浦拉特需要一個英雄，使人們注意力從紐約州丑聞中轉移。於他接受羅斯福作為共和黨的1898年紐約州長候選人。羅斯福勝出，並且政績卓著。
As President， Roosevelt held the ideal that the Government should be the great arbiter of the conflicting economic forces in the Nation， especially between capital and labor， guaranteeing justice to each and dispensing favors to none.
作為總統，羅斯福有一種觀點:政府應該是國家經濟沖突中的裁判者，尤其是在勞資之間，應保證對任何一方公平、不偏袒一方。
Roosevelt emerged spectacularly as a "trust buster" by forcing the dissolution of a great railroad combination in the Northwest. Other antitrust suits under the Sherman Act followed.
羅斯福他迫使西北一個巨大的鐵路聯合體分解，從此作為一個「托拉斯的摧毀者」引起人們的注意。隨後他在謝爾曼法案的進行其它的反托拉斯訴訟。
Roosevelt steered the United States more actively into world politics. He liked to quote a favorite proverb， "Speak softly and carry a big stick. . . . "
羅斯福堅持美國應該更為積極地參與世界政治。他喜歡引用一個眾所周知的諺語:「拿著大棒，說話小聲」。
Aware of the strategic need for a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific， Roosevelt ensured the construction of the Panama Canal. His corollary to the Monroe Doctrine prevented the establishment of foreign bases in the Caribbean and arrogated the sole right of intervention in Latin America to the United States.
意識到縮短大西洋和太平洋的戰略需要，羅斯福決定建造巴拿馬運河。他對門羅主義的延伸是:阻止在加勒比海建立外國的基地，並聲稱唯有美國才有權干涉拉丁美洲。
He won the Nobel Peace Prize for mediating the Russo-Japanese War， reached a Gentleman\'s Agreement on immigration with Japan， and sent the Great White Fleet on a goodwill tour of the world.
他因調停日俄戰爭而獲得諾貝爾和平獎，與日本就移民問題達成紳士協議，而且派遣大白艦隊進行全球友好航行。
Some of Theodore Roosevelt\'s most effective achievements were in conservation. He added enormously to the national forests in the West， reserved lands for public use， and fostered great irrigation projects.
幾個西奧多*羅斯福的最出名的成績是關於保護措施的。他在西部增加許多的國家森林，保留許多土地供公共使用，而且贊同大規模的移民方案。
He crusaded endlessly on matters big and small， exciting audiences with his high-pitched voice， jutting jaw， and pounding fist. "The life of strenuous endeavor" was a must for those around him， as he romped with his five younger children and led ambassadors on hikes through Rock Creek Park in Washington， D.C.
事無巨細，他都要不斷地進行改革。他用他那高揚的聲音、突出的下顎和強有力的拳頭激勵著聽眾。「生命要奮發圖強」是他周圍的人必須做到，不管是在他調皮地和他五個小孩玩的時候還是他引著大使們徒步穿過華盛頓克里克石頭公園。
Leaving the Presidency in 1909， Roosevelt went on an African safari， then jumped back into politics. In 1912 he ran for President on a Progressive ticket. To reporters he once remarked that he felt as fit as a bull moose， the name of his new party.
1909年，羅斯福離開總統職位到非洲施行。回國後又投身政治。1912年，他以壓倒多數的票數竟選總統。據報道，他曾評論他覺得用公牛作為他新政黨的名稱更為適合。
While campaigning in Milwaukee， he was shot in the chest by a fanatic. Roosevelt soon recovered， but his words at that time would have been applicable at the time of his death in 1919: "No man has had a happier life than I have led； a happier life in every way."
當在密爾沃基竟選時，他被一個狂徒射中胸膛。羅斯福很快就復元了，而他在當時講的話或許更為適合他在1919年去世時:「沒有人有過比我更為幸福的生活-在任何方面都幸福的生活」。
❹ 英語作文居里夫人的人物傳記
Marie Curie (1867- 1934) who said, "Madame Curie," Full name: Maria Curie 斯克沃多夫斯 card. French famous Polish scientist, physicist, chemist. November 7, 1867 was born in Warsaw.
In 1903, Pierre and Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel of radioactivity because the study shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1911 for his discovery of the elements polonium and radium Nobel Prize for chemistry once again, become the first won two Nobel Award of people. Marie Curie's accomplishments include creating a theory of radioactivity, radioisotope separation technology invention discovered two new elements polonium and radium. Under her guidance, people first radioisotopes used to treat cancer. Due to the long exposure to radioactive substances, Marie Curie on July 3, 1934 e to the death of malignant leukemia.
瑪麗·居里（1867-1934年）世稱「居里夫人」，全名：瑪麗亞·斯克沃多夫斯卡·居里。 法國著名波蘭裔科學家、物理學家、化學家。1867年11月7日生於華沙。
1903年，居里夫婦和貝克勒爾由於對放射性的研究而共同獲得諾貝爾物理學獎，1911年，因發現元素釙和鐳再次獲得諾貝爾化學獎，成為歷史上第一個兩獲諾貝爾獎的人。居里夫人的成就包括開創了放射性理論、發明分離放射性同位素技術、發現兩種新元素釙和鐳。在她的指導下，人們第一次將放射性同位素用於治療癌症。由於長期接觸放射性物質，居里夫人於1934年7月3日因惡性白血病逝世。
❺ 有關名人傳記的英語作文
亞伯拉罕·林肯傳
【內容提示】
請根據下列要點寫一篇有關亞伯拉罕·林肯的傳記文章：
①亞伯拉罕·林肯於1809年出生在肯塔基州的一間小木屋裡。他還很小的時候，全家搬遷到印第安納州的邊遠地帶。母親教他學文化。他受過很少一點正規教育，但他卻成了大西部受過最好的教育者之一。
②青年時期，他家搬到新建的伊利諾斯州。他很小就得自謀生計，但他在業余時間學習法律，很快就成了最有名的律師。
③1860年，林肯被選舉為總統。他是新共和黨的候選人。該黨反對產生新的奴隸州。這種主張遭到南方各州的反對，於是引起了內戰。
④ 1863年1月1日，就在內戰期間，林肯發布了著名的《奴隸解放宣言》。他宣布所有脫離聯邦各州的奴隸從即日起予以解放，結束了奴隸制。
⑤1865年初內戰結束。幾天後，林肯被一個叫做John Wilkes Booth的演員槍擊身亡。他遇刺的時間是1865年4月14日。
下列詞語供參考：
①Emancipation Proclamation《奴隸解放宣言》
②the Thirteenth Amendment 第十三條修正案
③seceding[si'si:diR] states 脫離聯邦的各州
④constitution[k&nsti'tju:M+n]n．憲法
【作文示範】
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. When he was a small boy, his family moved to the frontier of Indiana. Here, his mother tanght him to read and write. Lincoln had very little formal ecation, but he became one of the best-ecated men of the Great West.
When Lincoln was a young man his family moved to the new state of Illinois. Lincohn had to earn a living at an early age, but in his leisure time he studied law. He soon became one of the best-known lawyers in the state capital at Springfield, Illinois. It was here that Lincoln became famous for his debates① with Stephen A. Douglas on the subject of slavery.
In 1860, Lincoln was elected President of the United States. He was the candidate of the new Republican Party. This party opposed②the creation③ of new slave states. Soon after his election, some of the Southern states withdrew④ from the Union and set up the Confederate States of America. This action brought on the terrible Civil War which lasted from 1861 to 1865.
On January 1, 1863, ring the war, Lincoln issued his famous Emancipation Proclamnation. In this document, Lincoln proclaimed⑤ that all the slaves in the seceding states were to be free from that date. In 1865, after the war ended, the Thirteenth Amendment was added to the Constitution of the United States. This amendment put an end to slavery everywhere in the United States.
Early in 1865, the Civil War came to an end with the defeat of the South by the North. Only a few days after the end of the War, Lincoln was shot by an actor named John Wilkes Booth. The President died on April 14,1865. In his death, the world lost one of the greatest men of all time.
【詞語解釋】
①debate [di'beit] n．爭論；辯論
②oppose[+'p+uz]v．反對；反抗
③creation[kri:'eiM+n]n．創造；產生
④withdraw[wiJ'dr&:]v．退出；離開
⑤proclaim[pr+'kleim]v．宣布；公布；宣告
【寫法指要】
1）這是一篇記述他人的傳記（biography）。傳記指的是全面而真實地記載個人生平事跡的文章。傳記的寫作特徵有三：一是事實務求真實，表述可帶主觀性；二是按照歷史年代順序紀事；三是具有一定的格局，一般包括四部分：籍貫與家世、事跡與功業、逝世與後嗣、作者評論。本文對林肯的記述除缺少後嗣外，基本上是按上述三種特徵及四個部分寫的，只是作者評論少些。
2）名人的傳記少不了對歷史事件、地理名稱、文件文書、歷史人物等的描述，這些都要用大寫形式來書寫，對此我們從文中看得十分清楚。
❻ 求一篇英文人物傳記
glass castle(玻璃城堡) soul surfer(靈魂沖浪) 《A diary of a little girl》 安妮日記 by frank Anne Into the wild（荒野生存）
❼ 一篇英文的人物傳記
Name:guanzhong huang
Sex:male
English:Paul Wong
Birthday:1964-3-31
Nationality:China
Region:harbor set
Height:169
Usually introce:83 year, the Beyond constitute, for attending a music game, the Beyond hasn't model at that time, 84 years the PAUL join, Chen Anne left a brigade, 86 years, Liu2 Zhi4 far joined, but left a brigade in 88 years, and 4 people combined to formally model.The 85 years' Beyond's oneself's property openned the first singing performance 《 for forever 》, 86 year, Beyond oneself more the property created 《again see ideal 》the record, Beyond and record company make a contract, 87 year, 1 《wait for forever 》of EP, along with publish for 88 years of the third record 《old day footprint 》, the Beyond starts head for brilliancy.
Beyond this English sound of a character is nearby at"different of".They are different, but not that a first light of day that the Electronica of guitar brought fragile and dispirited Hong Kong music revolution.Work a singer, guitarist in the music band in the yellow Guan, with sound, compose, write words, plait song.
❽ 英語的人物傳記怎麼寫
Biography
❾ 用英語寫一篇人物傳記
Helen Keller was less than two years old when she came down with a fever. It struck dramatically and left her unconscious. The fever went just as suddenly. But she was blinded and, very soon after, deaf. As she grew up, she managed to learn to do tiny errands, but she also realized that she was missing something. "Sometimes," she later wrote, "I stood between two persons who were conversing and touched their lips. I could not understand, and was vexed. I moved my lips and gesticulated frantically without result. This made me so angry at times that I kicked and screamed until I was exhausted." She was a wild child.
That's Helen Keller,a greatest writer in the world.
We reported last week that Helen Keller suffered from a strange sickness when she was only 19 months old. It made her completely blind and deaf. For the next five years she had no way of successfully communicating with other people. Then a teacher Anne Sullivan arrived from Boston to help her. Miss Sullivan herself had once been blind. She tried to teach Helen to live like other people. She taught her how to use her hands as a way of speaking. Miss Sullivan took Helen out into the woods to explore nature. They also went to the circus, the theatre., and even to factories. Miss Sullivan explained everything in the language she and Helen used, a language of touch, of fingers and hands. Helen also learned how to ride to horse, to swim, to row a boat, and even to climb trees.
Helen Keller once wrote about these early days.
One beautiful spring morning I was alone in my room, reading. Suddenly a wonderful smell in the air made me get up and put out my hands . The spirit of spring seemed to be passing in my room. "What is it?"I asked. The next minute I knew it was coming from mimosa tree outside. I walked outside to the edge of the garden, toward the tree. There it was, shaking in the warm sunshine. Its long branches, so heavy with flowers, almost touched the ground. I walked through the flowers to the tree itself and then just stood silent. Then I put my foot on the tree and pulled myself up into it. I climbed higher and higher until I reached a little seat. Long ago someone had put it there. I sat for a long time... Nothing in all the world was like this.
Later Helen learned that nature could be cruel as well as beautiful. Strangely enough she discovery this in a different kind of tree.
One day my teacher and I were returning from a long walk. It was a fine morning but it started to get warm and heavy. We stopped to rest two or three times. Our last stop was under a cherry tree, a short way from our house. The shade was nice and the tree was easy to climb. Miss Sullivan climbed with me. It was so coot up in the tree, we decided to have lunch there. I promised to sit still until she went to the house for some food. Suddenly a change came over the tree. I knew the sky was black because all the heat which meant light to me had died out of the air. A strange odor came up to me from the earth . I knew it. It was the odor which always comes before a thunder storm. I felt alone, cut off from friends, high above the firm earth. I was frightened and wanted my teacher. wanted to get down from that tree quickly, but I was no help to myself. There was a moment of' terrible silence. Then a sudden and violent wind began to shake the tree and its leaves kept coming down all around me. I almost fell. I wanted to jump, but was afraid to do so. I tried to make myself small in the tree as the branches rubbed against me. Just us I thought that both the tree and I were going to fall, a hand touched me . It was my teacher. I held her with all my strength, then shook with joy to feel the solid earth under my feet.
Miss Sullivan stayed with Helen for many year. She taught Helen how to read, how to write and how to speak. She helped her to get ready for school and college. More than anything, Helen wanted to do what others did, and do it just as well. In time Helen did go to college and completed her studies with high honors. But it was a hard struggle. Few of the books she needed were written in the Braille language that the blind could read by touching pages. Miss Sullivan and others had to teach her what was in these books by forming words in her hands. The study of geometry and physics was especially difficult. Helen could only learn about squares, triangles and other geometrical forms by making them with wires. She kept feeling the different shapes of these wires until she could see them in her mind.
During her second year college Miss Keller wrote the story of her life and what a college meant to her. This is what she wrote.
My first day at Radcliffe college was of great interest. Some powerful force inside me made me test my mind. I wanted to learn if it was as good as that of others. I learned many things at college. One thing I slowly learned was that knowledge does not just mean power, as some people say. Knowledge leads to happiness because to have it is to know what is true and real. To know what great man of the past had thought, said, and done is to feel the heartbeat of humanity down through the ages.
All of Helen Keller's knowledge reached her mind through her sense of touch and smell, and of course her feelings. To know a flower was to touch it, feel it and smell it. This sense of touch became greatly developed as she got older. She once said that hands speak almost as loudly as words. She said the touch of some hands frightened her. The people seemed so empty of joy that when she touched their cold fingers it is as if she were shaking bands with a storm. She found the hands of others full of sunshine and warmth. Strangely enough Helen Keller learned to love things she could not hear, music for example. She did this through her sense of touch. When waves of air beat against her, she felt them. Sometimes she put her hand to a singer's throat. She often stood for hours with her hands on a piano while it was played. Once she listened to an organ. Its powerful songs made her moved her body in rhythm with the music. She also liked to go to museums. She thought she understood sculptures as well as others. Her fingers told her the true size and the feel of the material.
What did Helen Keller think of herself, what did she think about the tragic lost of her sight and hearing. This is what she wrote as a young girl.
Sometimes a sense of loneliness covers me like a cold mist. I sit alone, and wait at life ' s shut-door. Beyond there is light and music and sweet friendship. But I may not enter. Silence sits heavy upon my soul. Then comes hope with a sweet smile and said
softly " There is joy in forgetting oneself And so I tried to make the light in others' eyes my sun, the music in others' ears my symphony, the smile on others' lips my happiness.
Helen Keller was tall and strong. When she spoke, her face looked very alive. It helped to give meaning to her words. She often felt the faces of close friends when she was talking to them to discover their feelings. She and Miss Sullivan both were known for their sense of humor. They enjoyed jokes and laughing at funny things that happened to themselves or others. Helen Keller had to work hard to support herself after she finished college. She spoke to many groups around the country. She wrote several books and she made one movie based on her life. Her main goal was to increase public interest in the difficulties of people with physical problems. The work Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan did has been written and talked about for many years. Their success showed how people can conquer great difficulties. Anne Sullivan died in 1936, blind herself. Before Miss Sullivan died, Helen wrote and said many kind things about her.
It was the genius of my teacher, her sympathy, her love which made my first years of ecation so beautiful. My teacher is so near to me that I do not think of myself as a part from her. All the best of me belongs to her. Everything I am today was awakened by her loving touch .
Helen Keller died on June 1st, 1968. She was 87 year old. Her message of courage and hope remains.
❿ 求一篇人物傳記，英文的
上google裡面搜索Edward Hopper
維基網路（Wikipedia）里就有介紹
或
"Edward Hopper, the best-known American realist of the inter-war period, once said: 'The man's the work. Something doesn't come out of nothing.' This offers a clue to interpreting the work of an artist who was not only intensely private, but who made solitude and introspection important themes in his painting.
"He was born in the small Hudson River town of Nyack, New York State, on 22 July 1882. His family were solidly middle-class: his father owned a dry goods store where the young Hopper sometimes worked after school. By 1899 he had already decided to become an artist, but his parents persuaded him to begin by studying commercial illustration because this seemed to offer a more secure future. He first attended the New York School of Illustrating (more obscure than its title suggests), then in 1900 transferred to the New York School of Art. Here the leading figure and chief instructor was William Merritt Chase (1849-1916), an elegant imitator of Sargent. He also worked under Robert Henri (1869-1929), one of the fathers of American Realism - a man whom he later described as 'the most influential teacher I had', adding 'men didn't get much from Chase; there were mostly women in the class.' Hopper was a slow developer - he remained at the School of Art for seven years, latterly undertaking some teaching work himself. However, like the majority of the young American artists of the time, he longed to study in France. With his parents' help he finally left for Paris in October 1906. This was an exciting moment in the history of the Modern movement, but Hopper was to claim that its effect on him was minimal:
Whom did I meet? Nobody. I'd heard of Gertrude Stein, but I don't remember having heard of Picasso at all. I used to go to the cafés at night and sit and watch. I went to the theatre a little. Paris had no great or immediate impact on me.
"In addition to spending some months in Paris, he visited London, Amsterdam, Berlin and Brussels. The picture that seems to have impressed him most was Rembrandt's The Night Watch (in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam). Hopper was able to repeat his trip to Europe in 1909 and 1910. On the second occasion he visited Spain as well as France. After this, though he was to remain a restless traveller, he never set foot in Europe again. Yet its influence was to remain with him for a long time: he was well read in French literature, and could quote Verlaine in the original, as his future wife discovered (he was surprised when she finished the quotation for him). He said later: '[America] seemed awfully crude and raw when I got back. It took me ten years to get over Europe.' For some time his painting was full of reminiscences of what he had seen abroad. This tendency culminates in Soir Bleu of 1914, a recollection of the Mi-Caréme carnival in Paris, and one of the largest pictures Hopper ever painted. It failed to attract any attention when he showed it in a mixed exhibition in the following year, and it was this failure which threw him back to working on the American subjects with which his reputation is now associated. In 1913 Hopper made his first sale - a picture exhibited at the Armory Show in New York which brought together American artists and all the leading European modernists. In 1920 he had his first solo exhibition, at the Whitney Studio Club, but on this occasion none of the paintings sold. He was already thirty-seven and beginning to doubt if he would achieve any success as an artist - he was still forced to earn a living as a commercial illustrator. One way round this dilemma was to make prints, for which at that time there was a rising new market. These sold more readily than his paintings, and Hopper then moved to making watercolours, which sold more readily still.
"Hopper had settled in Greenwich Village, which was to be his base for the rest of his life, and in 1923 he renewed his friendship with a neighbour, Jo Nivison, whom he had known when they were fellow students under Chase and Henri. She was now forty; Hopper was forty-two. In the following year they married. Their long and complex relationship was to be the most important of the artist's life. Fiercely loyal to her husband, Jo felt in many respects oppressed by him. In particular, she felt that he did nothing to encourage her own development as a painter, but on the contrary did everything to frustrate it. 'Ed,' she confided to her diary, 'is the very centre of my universe... If I'm on the point of being very happy, he sees to it that I'm not.' The couple often quarrelled fiercely (an early subject of contention was Jo's devotion to her cat Arthur, whom Hopper regarded as a rival for her attention). Sometimes their rows exploded into physical violence, and on one occasion, just before a trip to Mexico, Jo bit Hopper's hand to the bone. On the other hand, her presence was essential to his work, sometimes literally so, since she now modelled for all the female figures in his paintings, and was adept at enacting the various roles he required.
"From the time of his marriage, Hopper's professional fortunes changed. His second solo show, at the Rehn Gallery in New York in 1924, was a sell-out. The following year, he painted what is now generally acknowledged to be his first fully mature picture, The House by the Railroad. With its deliberate, disciplined spareness, this is typical of what he was to create thereafter. His paintings combine apparently incompatible qualities. Modern in their bleakness and simplicity, they are also full of nostalgia for the puritan virtues of the American past - the kind of quirky nineteenth-century architecture Hopper liked to paint, for instance, could not have been more out of fashion than it was in the mid-192OS, when he first began to look at it seriously. Though his compositions are supposedly realist they also make frequent use of covert symbolism. Hopper's paintings have, in this respect, been rather aptly compared to the realist plays of Ibsen, a writer whom he admired.
"One of the themes of The House by the Railroad is the loneliness of travel, and the Hoppers now began to travel widely within the United States, as well as going on trips to Mexico. Their mobility was made possible by the fact that they were now sufficiently prosperous to buy a car. This became another subject of contention between the artist and his wife, since Hopper, not a good driver himself, resisted Jo's wish to learn to drive too. She did not acquire a driving licence until 1936, and even then her husband was extremely reluctant to allow her control of their automobile.
"By this time Hopper, whose career, once it took off, was surprisingly little affected by the Depression, had become extremely well known. In 1929, he was included in the Museum of Modern Art's second exhibition, Paintings by Nineteen Living Americans, and in 1930 The House by the Railroad entered the museum's permanent collection, as a gift from the millionaire collector Stephen Clark. In the same year, the Whitney Museum bought Hopper's Early Sunday Morning, its most expensive purchase up to that time. In 1933 Hopper was given a retrospective exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art. This was followed, in 1950, by a fuller retrospective show at the Whitney.
"Hopper became a pictorial poet who recorded the starkness and vastness of America. Sometimes he expressed aspects of this in traditional guise, as, for example, in his pictures of lighthouses and harsh New England landscapes; sometimes New York was his context, with eloquent cityscapes, often showing deserted streets at night. Some paintings, such as his celebrated image of a gas-station, Gas (1940), even have elements which anticipate Pop Art. Hopper once said: 'To me the most important thing is the sense of going on. You know how beautiful things are when you're travelling.'
"He painted hotels, motels, trains and highways, and also liked to paint the public and semi-public places where people gathered: restaurants, theatres, cinemas and offices. But even in these paintings he stressed the theme of loneliness - his theatres are often semideserted, with a few patrons waiting for the curtain to go up or the performers isolated in the fierce light of the stage. Hopper was a frequent movie-goer, and there is often a cinematic quality in his work. As the years went on, however, he found suitable subjects increasingly difficult to discover, and often felt blocked and unable to paint. His contemporary the painter Charles Burchfield wrote: 'With Hopper the whole fabric of his art seems to be interwoven with his personal character and manner of living.' When the link between the outer world he observed and the inner world of feeling and fantasy broke, Hopper found he was unable to create.
"In particular, the rise of Abstract Expressionism left him marooned artistically, for he disapproved of many aspects of the new art. He died in 1967, isolated if not forgotten, and Jo Hopper died ten months later. His true importance has only been fully realized in the years since his death."