㈠ 雅思大作文的連貫性是怎麼一回事
雅思評分標准中，作文的連貫性用了兩個單詞表示cohesion and coherence , 這兩個單詞都有連貫性的意思，這兩者究竟有什麼區別呢？
coherence 側重在一致性,包括了：logically sequenced ，appropriately organised 和 easy to follow and understand .
logically sequenced 要求把內容有邏輯地排列起來，文章邏輯嚴謹，有理有據，文章論述要一環扣一環，當然也要以task response 為基礎.
appropriately organised 清晰地安排文章結構，比如在開頭段明確表達自己的觀點，每一段主體段都有自己的分論點，在結尾重申觀點並總結全文.
easy to follow and understand表達要清晰准確地道，讓人容易理解你表達的觀點。
cohesion 側重在連貫性，是利用連接詞cohesive devices 和 各種從句 subordinate clause 去把句子和段落連接起來，利用連接詞和從句突出文章的邏輯，讓人更容易理解。
如何提高文章的cohesion and coherence？
第一，
多次重復關鍵詞，強調段落主題，讓考官看到你的關鍵詞，把上下文連接起來，對文章有一個整體的好印象。
第二 ，
改用近義詞，把關鍵詞進行同意替換，增加詞彙的多樣性
第三
使用指代的方法，一定要指代清楚
第四，
正確使用連接詞，增加句子連貫性。
第五
文章要圍繞一個觀點來寫，分論點要回應提出的觀點，包括主題句和結論等
請輸入標題
開頭和結尾的觀點要互相呼應和一致，不要在結尾提出新的觀點。
㈡ 12個帶「when」和「while」的英語作文，需要有連貫性……哪位大蝦能幫幫忙啊，急用……
i had a dog when i was 9 years old. i got the dog while i was eating my birthday cake. It was very cute.i always play with it while my mom was cooking in the afternoon. but it so naughty when we didn't notice it. one day, the dog came to my room when i was doing my homework. the dog jumped on my bed while i was drinking water. when i noticed that, the dog had already gone. and my bed was so dirty. i thought i had to tell my mom. so i go downstairs while my mom was watching TV. i told my mom when she began to prepare dinner. she heard that very angry. my mom was yelling at my dog while the dog came into kitchen. we started to cleaned my room. after cleaned my bedroom. my mom began to cook and i played with my dod. while my mom was cooking, someone knocked the door. i opened the door and my dad came in. at that moment, my dog drop down from stairs. i run to my dog when my dog was crying. and our family sent my dog to pet hospital immediately.
12個。故事很爛但是請勉強接受吧，重復用這個句子還要連貫真是不怎麼容易。
㈢ 怎麼練習自己思維的連貫性和口語表達的連貫性
注意訓練自抄己的流利與襲連貫，要做到能夠連續、不費力地交談，沒有過多的踟躕、猶豫。首先，我們應該培養正確的思維模式，對每個問題的回答應有一個總體的思路;另外，要掌握一些常用的關聯詞彙，使得表達流暢、有條理、邏輯性強。
在我們描述物品、地點或是一件事情的過程中，我們應該按照一定的時間和空間順序，同時，要使用一些順序的連接詞。我們知道，英語是強調「形合」的語言，要求句子之間有明確的邏輯關系。我們要掌握表示列舉、轉折、因果、歸納等關系的詞彙，以連接前後的話語。
㈣ 如何增強雅思作文段落間邏輯連貫性
，即文章的連貫性。連貫的語言可以使文章讀起來如行雲流水，給人一氣呵成回之感。但是，在寫作時答，很多考生比較缺乏文章連貫的意識，或缺少使得語言表達連貫的方法，導致雅思大作文失分。鑒於此，寫作組的專家將結合多年的考試及教學經驗，給雅思考生們講解一下如何增強段落內部的連貫性。
㈤ 如何有效地提高英語寫作的邏輯思維
我們先來看看文章的評判標准。一般情況下，我們可以通過這幾個標准來衡量一篇文章的優劣：詞彙的豐富與准確性，語法的准確性，文章的連貫與流暢度，觀點是否清晰扣題，論證是否嚴謹有力。對大部分人來說，詞彙和語法並不是最大的問題，多閱讀多練習，假以時日，總可以慢慢掌握。實際上，在英文寫作中最讓人頭疼的往往是後面幾項：觀點的提出以及論證，文字的銜接和耦合。
文章要做到連貫流暢，觀點清晰，論證有力，僅僅靠背單詞和學語法是不夠的，因為它還涉及到一個更深層次的問題：邏輯思維能力。寫作活動是一種嚴密而有序的邏輯思維過程。很多作文中出現的表達混亂，層次不清等問題，往往是寫作時邏輯思維混亂導致的。還沒想清楚就下筆，寫出來的東西自然不會清晰到哪裡去。
那我們應該要怎樣做，才能提高邏輯思維能力，寫出清晰嚴謹的文章呢？ 可以從以下幾點入手：
1.注意句子以及段落的邏輯關系
之前一直有這樣的說法「英語是一門邏輯性很強的語言」，為什麼這么說呢？因為仔細觀察你會發現，英語在遣詞造句上是遵循嚴密的的邏輯形式的：用詞上要求人稱、數、格的一致；句子有嚴謹的主謂結構，多用關聯詞語，重視形式的對應和顯性銜接。而在語篇中多突出主題句，直線式地展開段落。
對於寫作來說，一篇好的文章要遵循句子和句子之間，段落和段落之間的銜
接和連貫。一篇好文章並不是句子的機械堆砌，而是一個有機整體，句子和句子之間是存在嚴謹的邏輯關系的。舉個例子，下面是一篇常見的說明文段落：
AIDS seems to follow a pattern of recognizable being exposed to the virus, the AIDS patients tends to complain of a fever, sore throat, sore muscles,and seems to be a dormant period ,which can last for three years or after this period, more serious symptoms begin to emerge.
仔細閱讀之後會發現，文章中的句子之間在邏輯上環環相扣，每一個都不可或缺。如果句子之間的銜接沒做好，寫出來的文章可能會是這樣的：
Every summer, I go to traveling with my family or my best friends. When the new term comes, I will surprisingly find my oral English is much improved. So I firmly believe book is not only the source of knowledge.
上面的句子雖然沒有語法問題，但讀起來感覺卻很奇怪，為什麼？因為句子與句子之間並沒有一個很好的邏輯關系："go to traveling with my family" 與後面的"my oral English is much improved" 並沒有必然聯系，邏輯上講不通。
除了句子的銜接外，段落與段落之間的銜接也非常重要。這一點在經濟學人等外刊文章上體現得很好，比如這篇文章The weaker sex , 段落的結構非常清晰，開頭都有主題句來引領全段，而且段落與段落之間是層層遞進的關系。 What can be done? Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.
Policymakers also need to lend a hand, because foolish laws are making the problem worse.
Even more important than scrapping foolish policies is retooling the ecational system, which was designed in an age when most men worked with their muscles.
More generally, schools need to become more boy-friendly.
從上面可以看到，要寫出邏輯清晰的文章，我們要特別注意句子以及段落的銜接和連貫。這就要求我們要用好連接詞以及語義承接。
在寫作中常見的連接詞有"because, as, while, if, however, therefore, although, similarly, consequently, nevertheless "等，它們屬於「明連接」。 語義承接則是通過上下文之間的承接關系來自然行文，比如通過指示代詞、人稱代詞等對前一句中出現過的內容進行指代，或者對前一句話中出現的關鍵詞進行轉述，解釋，從而形成自然的承接關系。語義承接屬於「暗承接」。
下面這篇雅思 9 分作文片段就很好地體現了連接詞以及語義承接的效果（仔細體會加黑以及帶下劃線的單詞，感受一下連接詞的效果）。
I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer partly because sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture The main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract
often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather usually the "hero" too much exposure can encourage children to be self-centred and insensitive to others. 上面的作文片段中，"This" 用來指代"I tend to agree..." 一整句的內容，連接詞"because"用來連接從句說明原因，"regardless of" 後面連接名詞性從句做進一步說明。"These"用來指代上一句中出現的 "computer activities"，用定冠詞"the"修飾的"player" 和 "game" 則與上一句呼應，指代游戲中的玩家和游戲。
由此可以看出，通過用好連接詞以及語義承接的方式，我們可以將句子甚至段落有機聯系起來，使之符合邏輯。
事實上，銜接和連貫性(Coherence and Cohesion)一直是雅思寫作中的一個重要評分標准，雅思官方也給出了一個指導視頻：
IELTS Writing 雅思寫作連貫性
㈥ 如何理解雅思寫作中的段落連貫性和銜接
連貫性是雅思寫作很重要的一個評分標准。作文的各個段落之間緊密聯系，共同支撐文章觀點;段落的句子間邏輯清晰，很好地支持段落大意;整篇文章以作者的想法為中心展開。
㈦ 如何保證雅思寫作的文章連貫性
連貫性包括意連和形連兩個方面，前者指的是內在的邏輯性，後者指的是使用轉換詞語。當然這兩者常常是不可分割的。只有形連而沒有意連，句子之間就沒有內在的有機的聯系;反之，只有意連而沒有形連，有時行文就不夠流暢。每個人的情況不同，也可以登錄文都國際教育官網進行一對一的咨詢。
1、意連
段落中句子的排列應遵循一定的次序，不能想到什麼就寫什麼。如果在下筆之前沒有構思，邊寫邊想，寫寫停停，那就寫不出一氣呵成的好文章來。下面介紹幾種常見的排列方式。
A.按時間先後排列(chronological arrangement)
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was
obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew
the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then,
when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours ----- it
must have been close to noon ---- the heat nearly hid us in; the
radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to
cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was four o'clock
and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the
tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in
the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very
nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him.
By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we
knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky
day.
本段從"rose"(起床)寫起，然後是吃早餐("not to miss breakfast", "closing at nine o'clock")，然後是"close to noon"，一直寫到這一天結束("By nine--")。
B.按位置遠近排列(spatial arrangement)
例如：From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got
closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all
right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were
also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a
pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten
feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of
glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was
made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had
four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a
steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light
changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and
we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的寫法是由遠及近，從遠處("from a distance")寫起，然後"get closer"，再到(" ten feet
away")，最後是"inside the pagoda"……當然，按位置遠近來寫不等於都是由遠及近。根據需要，也可以由近及遠，由表及裡等等。
C.按邏輯關系排列(logical arrangement)
a.按重要性順序排列(arrangement insgroupsof importance)
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much
skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine,
your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as
soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends
on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word.
And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the
organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be
that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In
the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the
large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is
perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
這一段談的是表達能力，它的重要性與職業，身份有關，從"not need much skill"或"of little importance"到"more important"，最後是"most important"。
b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been
careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any
number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the
reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what
it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the
reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has
switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader
loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps
sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A ---- the writer, in whose
head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing
link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not
taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and
"sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big
one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
這一段談的是a writer's carelessness，先給出一個general statement作為主題句，然後通過5個"perhaps"加以例證。
c.由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with
the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in
breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not
possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her
independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff
unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed,
perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand,
loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till
night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who
saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually
offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable,
on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds,
drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is
imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主題句是段首句，它僅提出一個問題：為什麼兩只貓會被搞混。然後對兩者進行比較，末句才下結論。
2、形連
行文的邏輯性常常要靠適當的轉換詞語及其他手段來實現。請讀下面這一段文字並找出文中用以承上啟下的詞語：
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First,
though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his
efforts on his studies --- in particular, biology, chemistry, and math.
Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient
in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects
besides those he had chosen. As a result, ring his junior year of
high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had
to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on
schele. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward
realizing his goal.
本文中起承上啟下的詞語有兩種，一種是轉換詞語(transitional words or
phrases)，另一種是起轉換作用的其他連接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有：first, though, so, in
particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and,
consequently, and, finally.後者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he,
those, his, he, these,
his.本段1有詞彙105個，所使用的轉換詞語及其他連接用語共26個詞，約占該段總詞彙量的四分之一。由此可見，掌握好transitions不僅對行文的流暢(smoothness)有益，而且對於學生在規定時間內寫足所要求的字數也是不無好處的。
一個段落里如果沒有transitions也就很難有coherence了.我們看下面一個例子：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on
sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000
years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented
only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word
choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent
often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are
ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in
the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture,
loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture,
loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and
writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句開頭出現一個起過渡作用的"it"之外，沒有使用其他的過渡詞語.這樣，文中出現許多重復的詞語，全段讀起來也顯得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的過渡詞語來修飾的話，這一段就成了下面一個流暢連貫的段落：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on
sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was
developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent
development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is
usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is
often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell
where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard
diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies
on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing
lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the
differences.
有損連貫性的幾種情況：
考生在寫作中經常出現下面幾種錯誤：
1)不必要的改變時態，比如：
In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where
he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes
refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to
die down, but they come after him anyway.
2)不必要的改變單復數，比如：
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy.
But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run
out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the
deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3)不必要的改變人稱，比如：
Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's
activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in
the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members
will do things together and know one another. You need to give up
isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of
obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此寫作中，一定要注意時態，人稱以及數的變化是否正確，要注意保持一致。
㈧ 如何做好英語寫作時的連貫性研究 博客
寫作的四項評分標准中，大部分考生關注的是詞彙的替換、拼寫的准確以及句法的多樣性這幾個比較基礎的方面，對於連貫和銜接這一項的要求因為和我們的母語產出是一樣的，所以很多考生往往覺得不必要重視，順其自然地寫下去就好。但分析認為，實際上不論圖表分析還是議論文，在這一項上失分的情況都比較多，而只要理解並引起足夠的重視這種原因造成的失分比詞彙和句法方面的更容易糾正。
連貫和銜接這一評分標准中我們一般所提到的只是銜接，也就是說前後兩個句子或者段落之間要有如but, and, therefore 等信號詞反映出內容之間的邏輯關系，常見的有順接、轉折、並列、遞進、因果等等。而連貫體現在語域和邏輯兩個方面。前者指的是全文的措辭、文風、句式等應保持一致；後者指的是文章應該有合理的組織和合理的主位化，相鄰的句子應圍繞一定的核心概念來表達，使得全篇行文通暢。
語域方面的連貫問題在議論文中比較嚴重，也就是所謂的模板句式太多或者Memorized的詞彙或短語太多，與全文文風不符，學員反饋最低壓到4.5到5分。邏輯方面的連貫主要是在圖表作文中問題較多。主位(theme)不完全等同於主語，因為主語一般是動作的發出者或者評價的對象，而主位是側重於每個句子由什麼開始，可以是名詞充當的主語，也可以是時間或地點狀語。適當的調整主位是為了服務於行文的連貫性。如：
It can be seen from the figure quoted that Brisbane and Perth consumed the same water when it was under 125 kl, with 0.42 per kilometer. Sydney took the leading position at this level, with $0.98, comparing to Adelaide and Melbourne ranged from $0.78 to $0.84 per kilometer.
Things changed a little bit when the consumption over 125 kl. Sydney remained its first position($0.98 per kl). Meanwhile Adelaide ($0.78) and Melbourne ($0.84) ranked the least.
這兩個段落有明顯的單詞和句式的重復，而且有句法錯誤，所以得分不會高於6分。但上述問題不是短時間內可以糾正過來的，而連貫方面的問題則不同，這實際上是讀圖時的要求。
兩段聯系起來可以看出作者分段是按照耗水量是否超過125kl來分段的，所以大於或小於125kl就應該作為每段突出強調的部分提前，即將其主位化。第一段明顯安排欠妥。
此外第一段中開始寫的是Brisbane and Perth用水的數量相同，而後面寫的是Sydney和另外兩個城市的水價比較，這段的主線就游移不定，也就是說前後不是圍繞同一點來的，所以不夠連貫。此外，如果我們要從用水量低於125kl這個圖開始分析，一般也應該分成兩類：用水量和單價，並且視情況分別寫出極值、排序、比較等。
分析認為，很多考生覺得圖表作文不怎麼出彩，所以將主要精力放在應付議論文上，對於讀圖分析根本不重視才造成上述問題。而段落的劃分是最基本的分析圖表要求，如果分得不清楚，或者明明分段但是段首句主位處理不當，將肯定會失分。
㈨ 英語文章的連貫性如何更好的保持
有一些詞聯系前後文，比如first,second,third;at first,next,finally:last but not least等短語，你可以找一些英語文章的模板看看，或者找一些這樣的回詞答記一些，用到作文中會添彩不少。
㈩ 寫作教學中連貫性訓練的形式和意義
加強邏輯關系。