1. 英語中逗號起什麼作用
方便閱讀啊如果沒有句號的話一長句話看起來會很吃力就像現在一樣
句號用於分隔句子,逗號不能連接兩個句子,除非使用連詞。逗號通常用於並列,遞進,順承等關系。
2. 英語中的逗號有什麼作用
樓主:你好,我將全部標點的用法整理如下,互相切磋!
標點符號
一、所有格符號(')
所有格符號與s連用表示所有格,例如:
the dog's bone 狗的骨頭
the princess's smile 公主的微笑
King Charles's crown 或King Charles' crown查理王的王冠
all the students' books 所有學生的書
the men's jackets 男人的夾克(不規則的復數)
所有格符號用於縮略形式表示字母或數字的省略,例如:
I'm (= I am)
he's (=he is/has)
they'd (=they had/would)
the summer of '68 (=1968) 1968年夏季
所有格符號有時與 's'連用構成字母、數字或省略語的復數,例如:
ring the 1960's在二十世紀六十年代
all the MP's所有國會議員
pronounce the r's more clearly把'r'的音發得更清楚些。
二、冒號(:)
冒號用在表示一組或一類的詞或連接短語(如as follows, in the following manner)之後,以介紹一系列項目,例如:
His library consists of two books:the Bible and Shakespeare.
他的藏書有兩部:《聖經》和莎士比亞的著作。
Proceed as follows: switch on the computer, insert a disk and press any key.
按如下步驟操作:打開計算機開關,插入軟盤,然後按任意鍵。
正式用語中,冒號用在說明或解釋主句的從句或短語之前,例如:
The garden had been neglected for a long time: it was overgrown and full of week.
花園長期無人照料:裡面植物蔓生而且長了雜草。
Note:
分號或句號可代替冒號使用,但逗號不行。
三、逗號(,)
逗號用來分開一系列的詞、短語或從句,例如:
If you keep calm, take your time, concentrate and think ahead, you'll pass your driving test.
如果你保持鎮定,不著急,集中精力注意前面,你就會通過駕駛測驗。
Note:
逗號一般不在and之前使用,例如:
a bouquet of red, pink, yellow and white roses.
一束紅的,粉紅的,黃的和白的玫瑰花。
逗號經常用於狀語從句或很長的短語與主句之間,例如:
When the sun is shining and the birds are singing, the world seems a happier place.
當陽光照耀鳥兒在歌唱的時候,這個世界似乎是一個更快樂的地方。
In the gales this autumn, many trees were blown down.
今年秋天颳了一場又一場大風,許多樹被風颳倒了。
逗號用於句首的非限定性動詞的從句或沒有動詞的從句之後,例如:
To be sure of getting there on time, she left an hour early.
為了准時到達那裡,她提早了一小時離開。
Worn out by their experiences, the children soon fell asleep.
孩子們在經歷這一切之後極度疲勞,很快就睡著了。
逗號用來將一引導性的或轉變語氣的詞或短語(如therefore, however, by the day, for instance, on the contrary)與句子的其餘部分隔開,例如:
Oh, so that's where it was!
哦,它原來就在那裡!
As it happens, however, I never saw her again.
然而事情不湊巧,我自那以後從未見過她。
He is unreliable and should, for this reason alone, be dismissed.
他很不可靠,只這一條理由即可把他開除。
逗號用於插在句中的從句之前,例如:
The fire, although it had been burning for several days, was still blazing fiercely.
雖然一直燒了好幾個小時,但火勢仍很兇猛。
You should, indeed you must, report this matter to the police.
你應該,說實在的你必須,把這件事向警方報告。
逗號用在進一步說明其前面的名詞的非限定性定語從句或同位短語前後,例如:
The Pennine Hills, which are very popular with hikers, are situated between Lancashire and Yorkshire.
賓南山脈位於蘭開夏郡和約克夏郡之間,是遠足的人所喜愛的地方。
Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain, was first climbed in 1953.
埃佛勒斯峰(即珠穆朗瑪峰)為世界最高的山峰,1953年首次有人攀登。
Note:
限定其前面的名詞的定語從句前後均不用逗號,例如:
The hills that separate Lancashire from Yorkshire are called the Pennines.
把蘭開夏郡與約克夏郡分開的山脈叫賓南山脈。
逗號有時用來分隔由一連詞(如and, as, but, for, or)連結的(尤其長的)並列從句, 例如:
He had been looking forward to our camping holiday all year, but unfortunately it rained every day.
一年來他一直在盼望著利用假日去野營,但不幸的是每天都下雨。
逗號用來把附加問句或類似的詞或短語與句子的其餘部分隔開,例如:
It's quite expensive, isn't it?這東西很貴,是吧?
You live in Bristol, right?你住在布里斯托爾,對吧?
四、會話
一般說, 說話的人每換一位時都另起一段,例如:
'You're sure of this?' I asked.
He nodded grimly. 'I' m certain.'
"這一點你肯定?"我問道。
他很有把握地點點頭"我肯定。"
所有的詞和標點符號都放在引號內,例如:
'We must hope,' he replied wearily, 'that things will improve.'
Note:
英國常用單引號:'Help!',美國則一般用雙引號:"Help!"。把一個發言人的長篇講話分成若干段段落時,每一段的前面和講話結束時用引號,但中間段落的末尾不用引號。
話語的標志(如he said, she told me, they complained)與所說的話用逗號分開,除非他用了問號或感嘆號,例如:
'That,' said Nick, 'is all I know.'
Nick said, 'That's all I know.'
'Why?' asked Nick.
引語內的引語用逗號引導,並且如外面為單引號則放在雙引號內,例如:
'When the judge said, "Not guilty", I would have hugged him.'
'法官說「無罪」時,我都想擁抱他了。』
表示猶豫或被打斷的話語用破折號或三個點(省略號)表示,例如:
'Pass me -- I mean, would you mind passing me the salt, please?'
His dying words were, 'The murderer was ...'
五、破折號--
在非正式用語中,破折號用來代替冒號和分號,以標出對前面敘述的總結或結論,例如:
Men were shouting, women were screaming, children were crying -- it was chaos.
You've admitted that you lied to me -- how can I trust again?
在非正式用語中,單一或成雙使用破折號,以將額外說明,事後的考慮或評論與句子的其餘部分隔開,例如:
He knew nothing at all about it -- or so he said.
Winters in the Mediterranen -- contrary to what many people think -- can be very cold.
但是,在正式用法中,用括弧或逗號代替破折號。
六、省略號...
參見會話部分。
七、感嘆號!
感嘆號用於句尾表示極大的憤怒,驚異、喜悅或其它強烈感情。
例如:
What wonderful news!多麼令人驚喜的消息!
'Never!' she cried. '決不'她大聲說。
Note:
在非正式尤其在戲謔語中,有時使用兩個或兩個以上的感嘆號或使用一個感嘆號加一個問號。
"You wife's just given birth to triplets.' 'Triplets!?'
『你妻子剛生下三胞胎。』『三胎胞!?』
八、句號.
句號用在表示既不是直接引語又不表示感嘆的句子的結尾,例如:
I knocked at the door. There was no reply.
句號有時用於縮略語中。如:Jan. 一月; e.g. 例如; a.m.上午。
九、連字元-
連字元可用於復合詞:
1.連字元有時用來構成由兩個不同的片語成的復合詞,例如:
hard-hearted; radio-telescope; fork-lift truck
2.連字元用來構成由前綴和專用名片語成的復合詞,例如:
pre-Raphaelite; anti-Nazi
3.連字元用來構成由兩個被介詞分開的片語成的復合詞,例如:
mother-in-law; mother-to-be; mother-of-pearl
4.連字元用來改變由連字元連結的復合詞的第一部分,例如:
common to both pre- and post-war Europe
5.連字元用來構成由兩個或更多的專用名片語成的用作定語的復合詞,例如:
the Reagan-Gorbachev summit
services on the London-Bahrain-Hong kong route
6.連字元用來寫出21到99的復合數字,例如:
seventy-three; four hundred and thirty-one.
連字元(尤用於英國)有時用來隔開前綴與後面的詞,這個前綴的尾字母與它後面的那個詞的首字母為同一母音,例如:
co-ordination; re-elect; pre-eminent
連字元用在一行之末把詞斷開,例如:
... in order to avoid future mis-
takes of this kind.…
連字元用在兩個數字或日期之間,以便包括其間的所有數字或日期,例如:
pp 106-131 從106頁至131頁
a study of the British economy, 1947-63 1947年至1963年英國經濟研究
十、括弧()
括弧可用來將額外說明,事後的考慮或評論與句子的其餘部分隔開,例如:
Mount Robson (12,972 feet) is the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies.
羅伯遜峰(12972英尺)是洛基山脈在加拿大境內的最高峰。
He thinks that modern music (ie anything written after 1900) is rubbish.
他認為現代音樂(即1900年後創作的所有音樂)都是胡鬧。
括弧可用來括起相互參照的說明,例如:
This moral ambiguity is a feature of Shakespeare's later works (see Chapter Eight).
這種道德曖昧是莎士比亞晚期著作的一個特徵(見第八章)。
括弧也可用來括起號碼和字母編號,例如:
Our objectives are (1) to increase output, (2) to improve quality and (3) to maximize profits.
我們的目標是(1)增加產量(2)提高質量,(3)最大限度地提高利潤。
十一、問號?
問號直接用在問句末尾。
例如:
Where's the car?
You're leaving?
但是,在間接問句末尾,不用問號,例如:
He asked if I was leaving.
問號用在括弧內表示懷疑或不確定,例如:
John Marston (? 1575-1634) 約翰·瑪斯頓(?1575-1643)
十二、引號"" ''
引號用來括起直接引語的全部話語和標點,例如:
"What on earth did you do that for?" he asked.
'I won't go.' she replied.
'Nonsense!'
引號用來使人注意行文中的特殊用語(如技術詞彙,俚語,或為產生諷刺的特殊效果而使用的詞語),例如:
Next the dough is 'proved' to allow the yeast to start working.
He told me in no uncertain terms to 'get lost'.
Thousands were imprisoned in the name of 'national security'.
引號用於括引文章,短詩,廣播電視節目的名稱,例如:
Keat's 'Ode to Autumn'
I was watching 'Match of the Day'.
引號用來括引短的引語或諺語、俗語,例如:
'Do you know the origin of the saying "A little learning is a dangerous thing"?'
『你知道「膚淺的了解會很危險」這一的諺語的出處嗎?』
十三、引語
一條短的引語由逗號與引導詞分開,並置於引號內,例如:
It was Disraeli who said, 'Little things affect little minds'.
較長的引語用冒號與引導語分開,並以縮格或隔行的辦法與文章的其餘部分隔開,例如:
As Kenneth Morgan writes:
The truth was, perhaps, that Britain in the years from 1914 to 1983 had not changed all that fundamentally.
Others, however, have challenged this view...
引語中省略的詞或短語用省略號表示:加在引語中的詞或短語(如為了使省略後語法保持正確)放在方括弧內,例如:
challenging Morgan's view that 'Britain in [these] years ... had not changed ...'
十四、分號;
分號用以代替逗號,隔開已經由逗號分開的句子部分,例如:
She wanted to be successful, whatever it might cost; to achieve her goal, whoever might suffer as a result.
她希望成功,不管代價如何;她希望實現自己的目的,不管誰會因此遭受痛苦和困難。
在正式用法中,分號用來分隔分句,特別是沒有連詞連結的分句,例如:
The sun was already low in the sky; it would soon be dark.
太陽已經西沉;夜幕很快就要降臨。
He had never been to China; however, it had always been one of his ambitions.
他從未到過中國;但到中國一直是他的抱負。
十五、斜線號/
斜線號用以分開可選擇的詞或術語,例如:
Take a mackintosh and / or an umbrella.
I certify that I am married /single/ divorced.
在幾行詩歌不斷行連寫時,斜線號用以表示一行的結束,例如:
Wordsworth's famous lines, 'I wandered lonely as a cloud / That floats on high o'er vales and hills...'
華茲華斯的名句,『獨自漫遊似浮雲、青山翠谷上飄盪…』
十六、方括弧〔〕
方括弧用以括起編輯人員的評語,例如:
...constant references in her diary to 'Mr G [ladstone]'s visits'...
她日記中不斷提到『格[拉德斯通]先生的訪問』
加在引語中的詞或短語(如為了使省略後語法保持正確)放在方括弧內,例如:
...challenging Morgan's view that 'Britain in [these] years ... had not changed ...'
參考資料:很多,慢慢看哦
3. 關於英語的逗號
這樣就對了:
Hello everybody!
I like applesbut I dont like banbanas.
For girls, we have skirts.
Last night I read a book.
英語中常見的逗號用法
用在由並列連詞連接的兩個平行詞句之間,連詞可說出,也可省略:
1.a.用在平行的詞之間:
A good house,a good car,a good wife are what he wants. [名詞並列,主語](noun,compound-subject)
I can read light,serious,amusing,or profound works of English authors. [形容詞並列,修飾賓語](adjective,objective)
Do you see that tall,big,husky fellow? [形容詞並列,修飾賓語](adjective,objective)
Butterflies flew before,behind and above the huts. [介詞,構成狀語](preposition,adverbial)
He is honest,but silly.[形容詞並列,表語](adjective,predicative)
I like this,rather than that.[名詞+並列同置](noun,apposition,object)
但:He is an English grammar teacher.It is a diamond wedding party.It is a Chinese New Year celebration.
b.注意寫法:
Music,painting,and poetry are all interesting to him.(美國英語中and前多加逗號)
Music,painting and poetry are….(正確,英國多這樣寫。)
Music,painting,and poetry,are….(不好)
c.逗號可由and,or,nor代替:
Music and painting and poetry are…
Neither music nor painting nor poetry is…
d.逗號須用在etc.,and so on,and the like的前面和後面:
Music,painting,poetry,etc.(or and so on,and the like),are….
e.逗號須用在重復的詞前:
What I need is money,money,money.
Long,Long ago and far,far,far away there was a king.
2.用在平行的短語之間:
You can meet him at church,at school,or on the street.
I went to talk with him,to return the book,but not to see his sister.
Reading English.speaking it,and writing it are different processes.
3.用在並列的分句之間:
He has learned Japanese for years,but he does not know it.
He must come back as soon as possible,or I cannot wait.
He was tired,so he took a rest.
He is very ill,so he does not go to school.
He seems to be very ill,for he looks so pale.
但由but,and,or連接的簡短分句之間可以不加逗號:
He is silly but his sister is clever.
John studies art and I study science.
4.用在由or,and或but連接的兩對知識之間:
You can go by night or by day,by sea or by land.
He is honest but clever,thin but hard-working.
5.如果兩個相似結構共有一個賓語,逗號須要用在第二個結構的前面和後面:
He depends on,and is trusted by,his uncle.
He did it in accordance with,and in defence of,the law.
She is fond of,but seems poor in,her homework.
He loves,or pretends to love,his wife.
—但在一個短的不強調的詞前後不加逗號:
He was murdered inside or near the jungle.
6.用在插入詞的前面和(或)後面:
a.用在yes,no,sure,personally,probably,certainly, usually;in general,in the first place,in my opinion,in any case,as a matter of fact;strictly speaking
這類修飾語的後面 :
Unfortunately,Mary caught cold yesterday.
Inevitably,he will be sent to prison.
On the whole,he is a nice fellow.
Generally speaking,New York is a nice place.
—用在句子修飾語的前面和後面:
Tom,in the first place,must respect his parents.
Jimmy,I must say,shouldn't listen to the rumour.
b.用在furthermore,similarly,accordingly,anyway, otherwise;above all,in the same way,in other words,in contrast這類連接副詞(短語)的後面:
He lost lots of money;as a result,he got sick.
He is sick;therefore,he must rest.
I do everything;in addition,I must not complain.
Liza is noisy;Tim,by comparison,is quiet.
I am too busy;Bill,on the other hand,fools about.
7.a.用在句子開頭的分詞(短語)之後:
Seeing the police,the thief began to run away.
用在句子開頭的不定式(短語)之後:
To earn more money,the boy worked harder.
b.用在鬆鬆地插在主語後面的短語的前面和後面:
The thief,seeing the police,began to run away.
Plants,with enough water and sunshine,will grow fast.
The boy,to earn more money,worked harder.
但是:The thief seeing the police began to run away.
(還有其他沒看見警察的小偷,這里的分詞短語為限制性定語,而前面句子中,逗號後的分詞短語為非限制性(或解釋性)分詞,帶狀語性質。)
The house on the opposite side is my uncle's.
The boy to earn more money worked harder.(There were other boys who did not have to earn more.)
c.用在句末的非限制性(解釋性)分詞(帶狀語性質)前面:
He sat in a chair,reading papers.
但在句末的不定式前不宜用逗號:
He sat down to read papers.
8.用在呼語的後面或(和)前面:
John,come here.
Come here,John.
What,John,are you doing?
9.用在句子開頭的副詞短語後(也可不用):
At eight(,) he goes to the office.
Thanks to his help(,)I got a good job.
但句子末尾的副詞(短語)前不宜用:
He goes to the office at eight.
I got a good job through his help.
10.用在主句與從句之間:
用在一個非限制性定語從句(相當於一個並列分句)前:
I asked a boy,who(=and he)kept silent.
He went to France,where(=and there)he planned to see her.
但:I asked the boy who kept silent.(There were other boys who did not keep silent.這里的定語從句是限制性的。)
He went to the city where he planned to live a year or two.
11.用在引話動詞(如said,replied)及直接引語之間:
He said,「You are wrong.」
—用在引話動詞和半直接引語(不帶引號,第一個字母大寫)之間:
He replied,She was wrong.
—用在插在直接引語中間的he said這類詞句的前面和後面:
「In the morning,」he said,「I don't feel well.」
—在引話動詞和由that引起的間接引語之間不用逗號:
He thought that she was wrong.
—引話動詞及由疑問詞引起的間接引語之間也不用逗號:
He knows what she said.
It may be asked whether anyone could stand the insult.
12.a.用在狀語從句之後,主句之前:
If you are careful,you will make fewer mistakes.
Since he is ill,he cannot work.
When it was raining,he came to me.
b.若主句在前,狀語從句在後,主、從句之間一般不加逗號:
You will make fewer mistakes if you are careful.
I love her just because she looks pretty.
He works hard so that he may succeed.
John speaks Chinese better than Lee speaks English.
但是:You will make fewer and fewer mistakes in your composition,if you are careful enough.(如果主句較長,主句後可以加逗號。)
I will ,if I can.(如果狀語從句需要強調,前面也可以加逗號。)
He will come,only when he needs your help.
13.用在較長的主語和它的謂語之間:
That the city had been lost to the enemy,was true.
Studying every evening after the office hours for the past ten years,enabled him to know French and German.
14.用在同位語前面:
用在一個專有名詞和它的普通名詞同位語之間:
John,my brother;William Shakespeare,the greatest poet of England;London,the capital of England.
但在一般名詞和特別名詞之間不宜加逗號:
the word「flame」,the year 1942,the historian Herodotus 〔但a great historian,Herodotus〕,my brother John,our greatest poet William Shakespeare,William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet,the question 「to be or not to be」,the idea that man is mortal
在下面這類名稱中也不加逗號:
Alexander the Great,John the Baptist,Richard the Lion- hearted,Henry the Fifth
不過,在人名後的尊稱或學術頭銜前可加逗號:Mr. John Lee,Senior;Mr.John Lee,Ph.D.
15.用在較小部分和較大部分之間:
—用在街名、房間或公寓號碼,城鎮名、州名及國名之間(但門牌和街名之間不用):
138 Liberty Street,Room 408,Fresno,California, USA
—用在日期中(但月份和日期之間不用):
Sunday,July6,1960.
—用在數字中:
6742856135(=six billion…two million…six thousand…)
654321(4=4 thousand)(但在654321這個數字中,4=4)
—用來代替of:
President Do,Far East University
16.用在某些詞後,表示停頓,以防止誤解:
Outside,the streets are wet.
Such boys as you,are not to be found elsewhere.
He is eating,mummy.
Ever since,he has been very ill.
Whoever wished to escape,escaped into the jungle.
17.和分號一道表示某些重復的詞已被省略:
John has one;Mary, two.
但:John has one,Mary two.
Reading makes a full man;conference,a ready man.但:Reading makes a full man,conference a ready man.Egyptians give us agriculture;Romans,law.
My father takes care of John;my mother,Mary.
Painters express their feeling by forms and colours;musicians,by sounds;poets,by words.
18.用在句子中倒裝部分(提前的部分)的後面:
That man,I have known for many years.
The war is over,I am glad to say.
It is vicious,that dog of yours.
John is a young man,honest,kind and intelligent.
19.用在右上角自己的地址及日期中:
645 Beal Street,
New York,NY 11109.
February16.1970.
用在左上方收信人的地址中:
Mr.James Read,
68 St.James Road,
Hongkong.
用在稱呼語中:
Dear Sirs,(或不加標點)(英式)
Gentlemen:(正式)Dear John,(非正式)(美式)用在結尾的客套語中:
Sincerely yours,(或Faithfully yours,[美國很少這樣說])David White.
註:在雙方地址中每行末尾的逗號或句號均可省略。
曉籬 敬上
每句話的第一個字母大寫,句號的才是一句話.出現逗號並不是一句完整的話,所以不用大寫
5. 英語什麼時候用逗號在英文寫作中什麼時候用逗號
一般的話在句中用,在用句號的時候要特別注意,不像漢語,英語中是一個點
6. 英語逗號的用法
英語逗號的用法:
用逗號連接兩個句子的時候,必須加連詞,因為一個主句不能有兩個謂語,除非加了連詞把它變成並列句或者主從句
如果想把這個句子繼續寫下去但又不想加連詞,還可以加分號,這兩個半句之間沒有連接關系但依然是一句話。因為加了分號之後這兩句還是一句話,所以分號後面不用加主語。
除此之外就得加句號。
(6)逗號在英語寫作的意義擴展閱讀
漢語中逗號的用法:
1、句子內部主語與謂語之間如需停頓,用逗號。
例如:我們看得見的星星,絕大多數是恆星。
2、句子內部動詞與賓語之間如需停頓,用逗號。
例如:應該看到,科學需要一個人貢獻出畢生的精力。
3、句子內部狀語後邊如需停頓,用逗號。
例如:對於這個城市,他並不陌生。
4、復句內各分句之間的停頓,除了有時要用分號外,都要用逗號。
例如:據說蘇州園林有一百多處,我到過的不過十多處。
5、用來分開句內各詞語或表示語氣的停頓。
提示:「,」不可放在一行之首或開頭。
6、並列詞語之間帶有「啊」「呀」「啦」等語氣助詞時,並列成分之間用逗號,不用頓號。
例如:八月的大街上擺滿了水果,像甜瓜啊,西瓜啊,蘋果啊,葡萄啊......
7、並列成分做謂語時,如果並列成分是主謂結構,那麼並列成分之間用逗號。
例如:她衣服新潮奪目,頭發齊耳根長,走起路來風風火火,講起話來大聲大氣。
7. 英語句子中逗號的作用
逗號當然是表示句子的分層了。在這句話中一共有三個並列的謂語,分別是:place,punish,affect.
通常英語中當並列超過兩個時,都會用這樣的結構。如:
A,
B
and
C.
也就是說只有最後兩個才會用and,前面的都是用逗號的。不知道這樣說你明白了沒有。
8. 逗號的意義是什麼
逗號的作用是把句子切分為意群,表示小於分號大於頓號的停頓。逗號在內漢語及大多數外容語是使用頻率最高的標點符號,朝鮮語使用句號多於逗號屬於特殊情況。逗號的用途最廣泛,用法最靈活,因此也最難掌握。比較和分析國內外有關資料的說法,有助於了解逗號的主要功能。
9. 英語中逗號和連詞的作用
狀語從句
(adverbial
clause)
狀語從句指句子用作狀語時,起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、非謂回語動詞答、定語、狀語或整個句子。根據其作用可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導,也可以由片語引起。從句位於句首或句中時通常用逗號與主句隔開,位於句尾時可以不用逗號隔開。
逗號沒有連詞的作用的
10. 逗號在英語一句話中的作用有什麼
1)把非謂語動詞做伴隨狀語的部分,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
2)非謂語動詞中分詞的獨立結構,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
eg.The content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase,the level going up nearly 30 times.在這里the level going up nearly 30 times做獨立結構,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
3)分詞短語可做非限定性定語,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
eg.But the buffalo nickel,proced from 1931to 1938,honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier---------.在這里proced from 1931to 1938做非限定性定語,修飾the buffalo nickel,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
4)在狀語從句中,用逗號把從句和主句分開。
5)把兩個用and或but連接的完整句子,用逗號在and或but前分開。
6)把兩個或兩個以上並列的平行成分,用逗號隔開。
I reach for the light switch,and as it silently lights the scene,I return to bed to observe the patient with an unemotional,medical eye.在這里第一個逗號是and 連接兩個完整的句子,第二個逗號是把as引導的時間狀語從句的從句和主句分開,第三個逗號是把兩個或兩個以上並列的平行成分,用逗號隔開。
7)在非限定性定語從句中,用逗號把從句和主句分開。
eg.The only light in her room is coming from a piece of medical equipment,which is flashing its red light sa if in warning.
8)把插入語,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
eg.And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee and tea with meals,she says,since substances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed into the body. she says是插入語。
9)把句子的同位語,用逗號和它前面所解釋的名詞或名詞片語分開。
eg.The first and most common is having low iron reserves,a condition that tapically has no symptoms.在這里a condition ---做同位語解釋 low iron reserves,用逗號和它前面所解釋的名詞或名詞片語分開。
10)把句子中的獨立成分,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
以上幾種逗號的作用並不是獨立的,有時在一句話會用到上面好幾種逗號的作用。如下面這個句子:
And there are others who say their suspicions were aroused over time,as the 55-year-old Mr.Williams,who appeared on weekends turned out in fine suits,bought up property after property,providing such a large injection of cash into the village that he single-handedly brought the community back to life.在這里第一個逗號是把asas引導的原因狀語從句的從句和主句分開。第二個逗號是who引導的非限定性定語從句中,用逗號把從句和主句分開,這里也可以把who appeared on weekends turned out in fine suits看成插入語,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。最後一個逗號是把非謂語動詞做伴隨狀語的部分,用逗號和句子的其他部分分開。
以上例句均選自新視野大學英語3中的句子。
懇切希望眾位朋友批評指正,使其變得更加完美謝謝!