A. 關於英語修辭和寫作手法
Analytical structure of speech :
simile 明喻
metaphor 暗喻
personification 擬人
hyperbole誇張
euphemism 委婉語
irony 反語
antithesis 對偶
metonymy 轉喻（指代）
litotes間接肯定即雙重否定
analogy 類比 將兩種本質不同的事物之間的共同點加以比較，來說明道理，把抽象的概念具體化，把淺顯的道理淺顯化：例 Forests are to nature what the lung is to man. Synecdoche 提喻，是以某事物的局部表示整體，抽象表示具體，特殊表示一般，或者反之。例如： More hands are needed in the work. (hand 是人體的一部分，代表人) There is a mixture of the tiger(殘暴) and the ape（狡猾）in his character.
Onomatopoeia 擬聲 The stream is murmuring down the hill. Some girls are giggling in the yard. Rain drops were pattering on the window. He heard the twitter of bird』s among the bushes.
Paradox 反論 指似是而非的說法，乍聽似乎荒唐，但實際很有道理。
The child is father to the man. 從小看到大。 More haste, less speed. 欲速而不達
Oxymoron 矛盾修飾法 指修飾語和被修飾語之間看似很矛盾，但實則相反相成。
Sour-sweet day 酸澀而甜蜜的歲月 poor rich men creative destruction 創造性的破壞 living death 死一般的活著
Pun 雙關 即巧妙地利用同音異義或同形異義現象 使同一個詞或同一句子表達兩種不同的含義，是之含蓄幽默，一語雙關。
— what makes the tower lean? Lean指傾斜 和 瘦的
— It never eats.
transfer epithet轉移修飾是 通常把形容人的詞語用來修飾事物上，或者把通常修飾甲類事物的形容詞用來修飾乙類，以簡潔、新穎、形象的效果。
A wide-eyed answer a helpless smile embarrassed delight
Dizzy height an icy look dry humor cheerful wine
Syllepsis 一語雙關 指用一個詞語同時與兩個部分搭配，含義上一個為字面意思，一個為比喻意思，可產生幽默、俏皮的效果。
B. 英語有什麼修辭手法
英語修辭手法分別如下：
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比。這種共性存在於人們的心裡，而不是事物的自然屬性。
標志詞常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隱喻，暗喻
隱喻是簡縮了的明喻，是將某一事物的名稱用於另一事物，通過比較形成。
例如：
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
3.Metonymy 借喻，轉喻
借喻不直接說出所要說的事物，而使用另一個與之相關的事物名稱。
I。以容器代替內容，例如：
1>.The kettle boils. 水開了。
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安靜地坐著。
II。以資料。工具代替事物的名稱，例如：
Lend me your ears, please. 請聽我說。
III。以作者代替作品，例如：
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集
VI。以具體事物代替抽象概念，例如：
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力氣，他們就用我的力氣賺錢。
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全體，或用全體代替部分，或特殊代替一般。
例如：
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory。(部分代整體)
他的廠里約有100名工人。
2>.He is the Newton of this century。(特殊代一般)
他是本世紀的牛頓。
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap。(整體代部分)
這狐皮圍脖與你的帽子很相配。
5.Synaesthesia 通感，聯覺，移覺
這種修辭法是以視。聽.觸。嗅.味等感覺直接描寫事物。通感就是把不同感官的感覺溝通起來，借聯想引起感覺轉移，「以感覺寫感覺」。
通感技巧的運用，能突破語言的局限，豐富表情達意的審美情趣，起到增強文採的藝術效果。比如：欣賞建築的重復與變化的樣式會聯想到音樂的重復與變化的節奏；聞到酸的東西會聯想到尖銳的物體；聽到飄渺輕柔的音樂會聯想到薄薄的半透明的紗子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的「
微風過處送來縷縷清香，彷彿遠處高樓上渺茫的歌聲似的」。
例如：
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用視覺形容聽覺，鳥落在樹上，由它發出的聲音聯想到百合花)
鳥兒落在樹上，傾瀉出百合花似的聲音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart。(用嗅覺形容聽覺)
品嘗Mozart的音樂。
6.Personification 擬人
擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物。
例如：
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads。(把夜擬人化)
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods。(把鳥擬人化)
7.Hyperbole 誇張
誇張是以言過其實的說法表達強調的目的。它可以加強語勢，增加表達效果。.
例如：
1>.I beg a thousand pardons。
2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars。
3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out。
8.Parallelism 排比， 平行
這種修辭法是把兩個或兩個以上的結構大體相同或相似，意思相關，語氣一致的短語。句子排列成串，形成一個整體。
例如：
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be
perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till
all are happy。
2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I
summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them.
In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your
brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately。
9.Euphemism 委婉，婉辭法
婉辭法指用委婉，文雅的方法表達粗惡，避諱的話。
例如：
1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下。
2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他與妻子關系不融洽。
3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
10.Allegory 諷喻，比方(原意「寓言」)
建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上，傳達暗示，影射或者譏諷現世各種現象的含義。這是一種源於希臘文的修辭法，意為"換個方式的說法"。它是一種形象的描述，具有雙重性，表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事。
例如：
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines。
表層含義：趁著出太陽的時候曬草
真正意味：趁熱打鐵
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword。
表層含義：是時候把犁變成劍
11.Irony 反語
反語指用相反意義的詞來表達意思的作文方式。如在指責過失。錯誤時，用贊同過失的說法，而在表揚時，則近乎責難的說法。
例如：
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning。
早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事啊(真實含義是應該明確早上的時間觀念)
2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar。
12.Pun 雙關
雙關就是用一個詞在句子中的雙重含義，借題發揮。作出多種解釋，旁敲側擊，從而達到意想不到的幽默。滑稽效果。它主要以相似的詞形。詞意和諧音的方式出現。
例如：
1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise。
2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country。
3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately。
C. 請問英語都有哪幾種修辭手法,分別是什麼請以每種修辭手法舉例造句,考試要用的
1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.
2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.
3) Analogy: (類比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.
4) Personification: (擬人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(賦予) to inanimate(無生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
5) Hyperbole: (誇張） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.
6) Understatement: (含蓄陳述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.
7) Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(無冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as」 pass away".
8) Metonymy (轉喻） It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces). 借代（metonymy）是指兩種不同事物並不相似,但又密不可分,因而常用其中一種事物名稱代替另一種.
1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them...
幾年以後,他們聽說拿破崙要親自來視察他們.
「word」在這里代替了「news, information」（消息、信息）
2、Al spoke with his eyes,「yes」.
艾爾用眼睛說,「是的」.
「說」應該是嘴的功能,這里實際上是用眼神表達了「說話的意思」.
9) Synecdoche (提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.
10) Antonomasia (換喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
11) Pun: (雙關語） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)/ Napoleon was astonished.」Either you are mad, or I am,」he declared. 「Both,sir!」cried the Swede proudly. 「Both」一詞一語雙關,既指拿破崙和這位士兵都是瘋子,又指這位戰士參加過拿破崙指揮的兩次戰役
12) Syllepsis: (一語雙敘） It has two connotations.
In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue ecation and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
13) Zeugma: (軛式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)
14) Irony: (反語） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.
15) Innuendo: (暗諷） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不贊美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.
16) Sarcasm: (諷刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.
17) Paradox: (似非而是的雋語） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.
18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修飾） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(結合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不協調) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混亂) and proud humility(侮辱).
19) Antithesis: (對照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.
20) Epigram: (警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(強烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.
21) Climax: (漸進） It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.
22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(賦予) a college, or a cat.
23) Apostrophe： (頓呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!
24) Transferred Epithet: (轉類形容詞） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修飾) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.
25) Alliteration: (頭韻） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(間隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free. 頭韻法（alliteration）在文句中有兩個以上連結在一起的詞或片語,其開頭的音節有同樣的字母或聲音,以增強語言的節奏感. How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.
26) Onomatopoeia: (擬聲） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement. Eg: On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing./ She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.
D. 英語寫作修辭手法有哪些
英語寫作對於學習英語的學生是一個很重要的技能。許多英語考試都要測試考生的寫作能力。為了幫助中國學生提高英語寫作水平，我們編寫了這部工具書，可供大、中學生及英語自學者查閱使用，也可供各級學校的英語教師參考。 《英語寫作例句手冊》從大量的英文刊中精選出約一萬條實用的句子，為讀者提供了在各種不同情況下常用的句式與用語，分門別類，英漢對照，內容豐富，查閱方便。通過《英語寫作例句手冊》，讀者可以學到英語中各種生動有趣的表達方式，還可以利用《英語寫作例句手冊》做英漢互譯練習，這對於提高英語水平會有很大的好處。
表達方式 1.定義 2.解釋 3.分類 4.舉例 5.對比 6.因果 7.議論 8.說明 9.簡介 10.鳴謝 修辭手法 1.明喻 2.隱喻 3.轉喻 4.提喻 5.換稱 6.擬人 7.誇張 8.含蓄 9.委婉 10.雙關 11.影射 12.反語 13.諷刺 14.反論 15.矛盾修飾 16.對照 17.反復 18.排比 19.層遞 20.突降 21.迴文 22.倒裝 23.移就 24.拈連 25.共軛 26.警句 27.頓呼 28.設問 29.詠嘆 30.頭韻 31.元韻 32.擬聲 33.仿擬 34.幽默
E. 英語的寫作手法,修辭手法叫什麼
英文與中文的寫作手潔及修辭手法是大體相似，下面是英文常見修辭手法:
01
Simile
明喻:標志詞常用：like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
例如： I wandered lonely as a stay dog.
我像一隻流浪狗一樣孤獨地四處漂泊。
02
metaphor
隱喻，暗喻
例如：
Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
希望是頓美好的早餐，但卻是一頓糟糕的晚餐。
03
metonymy
借喻，轉喻
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢。
04
synecdoche
提喻
例如：
1. There are about 100 hands working in his factory.他的廠里約有100名工人。
05
synesthesia
通感、聯覺、移覺
例如：
1. The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.
鳥兒落在樹上,傾瀉出百合花似的聲音。
06
personification
擬人
擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物。
例如：
The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.
夜晚溫柔地平復著我們狂熱的頭腦
07
hyperbole
誇張
例如：
1. I beg a thousand pardons.
我千百次地祈求寬恕
08
rhetorical repetition
疊言
例如：
It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.
它必須用我們這些對於未來，對於人類以及人類自己創造的偉大命運具有信心的人的鮮血和汗水去創造。
09
euphemism
委婉,婉辭法
例如：
He is out visiting the necessary.
他出去方便一下。
10
allegory
諷喻、比方
例如：
1. Make the hay while the sun shines.
良機勿失。（在有太陽的時候曬草--製作飼料的乾草）
2. It's time to turn plough into sword.
到了該努力的時候了。
11
irony
反語
例如：
It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上不知道幾點鍾確實是一種好習慣！（反語）
F. 英語寫作修辭手法有哪些熱心回答下吧
personification 擬人 oxymoron 矛盾修辭 simile 明喻 bxvazsipvs磁4281024805柱
G. 英語中修辭手法 介紹幾種
修辭方法： 一、比喻(the figures of speech) 比喻是語言藝術的升華。英語中常見的比喻方法有三種：明喻、隱喻和借喻。 1.明喻(the simile) 格式：本體 + 顯著比喻詞(like/as/as if---) + 喻體 常用介詞like 、連詞as，as if，as---so、動詞seem等以及句型A---to B as C---to D等等表示「好像」意思的比喻說法就叫明喻。 例如： （1）Teacher, you are like the sun, but more magnificent, and more brillant. 老師，您像太陽，又比太陽更燦爛更輝煌。 （2）Your soul is as pure as snow, your personality is as noble as pine trees! All praise to you, our beloved teacher. 您的心靈像雪一樣純凈，您的人格像青松一般高潔！贊美您，敬愛的老師。 英語中除上述的用介詞、連詞或句型等的明喻表達方式外，還有許多常用的明喻習語。例如： (1)as clear as crystal清如水晶 (2)as weak as water軟弱無力 這類利用類似漢語的押韻和疊聲增加語言的美感。與此同時，又可以使語言短小精悍，表達生動、形象。 2.隱喻(the metaphor) 格是：本體 + is/are + 喻體 例如： （1）Time is a river, of which memory is the water. Oh my friend, what I scoop up from the river is all yearning of you. 時間是河、記憶如水，朋友，我從河裡捧起來的都是對你的思念。 （2）Time is money. 時間就是金錢。 注意：英語中存在著許多數詞習語和俚語，用作隱喻（也有個別用作明喻）。例如 ： (1)You are one in a million.你真是人見人愛。 (2)He has one over the eight.他酩酊大醉。 （3）This film star is a nine days' wonder; I doubt whether anyone will remember her in a year's time.這位電影明星現在紅極一時（也指曇花一現），但我認為一年以後人們不見得還記得她。 注意：英語中還有許多隱喻成語。例如： （1）to teach fish to swim 班門弄斧 （2）to plough the sand 白費力氣 （3）up the tree騎虎難下；lame ck強弩之末；above board光明正大 等