⑴ 英語寫作中存在的語言錯誤如：主謂一致、時態處理、冠詞用法、名詞單復數形式、單詞詞性怎麼區分和搭配
一、概述
在作謂語的動詞用來表示動作（或情況、狀態）發生時間的各種形式稱為時 態。由於英語屬於曲折變化的語言，其動詞時態的變化要通過詞的曲折詞形變化來體現的，因而也就有了現在式、過去式、過去分詞式三個基本詞形。英語中根據說話的時間不同有時和體的不同，主要有十六這十二種時態可以列表如下：
一般現在時 現在進行時 現在完成時 現在完成進行時
一般過去時 過去進行時 過去完成時 過去完成進行時
一般將來時 將來進行時 將來完成時 將來完成進行時
一般過去將來時 過去將來進行時 過去將來完成時 過去將來完成進行時
這些時態的形式可以用下表來表示，以do 動詞為例：
一般時態進行時態完成時態完成進行時態
現在do
doesbe （am, is are ） doinghas doing
havehas been doing
have
過去did be （was, were） doinghad donehad been doing
將來shall do
will shall （will） be doing shall （will） have doneshall （will） have been doing
過去將來should （would） doshould （would） be doingshould （would）
have done should （would） have been doing
下面根據這些時態常用的程度不同分別說明它們的用法。
二、各時態詳解
1、一般現在時
一般現在時主要由動詞原形表示，但第三人稱單數後要加詞尾-s，另外be 和have要根據人稱的變化使用特殊的形式。一般現在時主要表示經常性的動作或存在的狀態，還可用來表示普遍真理。
The Yangtze rises in Qinghai. 長江發源於青海。
Actions speak louder than words. 行動勝於言辭。
We have friends all over the world. 我們的朋友遍天下。
2、現在進行時
現在進行時是由助動詞be加現在分詞構成的。主要表示現在或現時刻這一階段正在進行的動作，有時候還用來表示一個最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。
How are things getting on with you？ 工作進行的怎麼樣？
Someone is asking for you on the phone. 有人找你接電話。
They are publishing a new version of the playscript by Taso Yu this autumn.
今年秋天他們要出版曹禺劇作的一個新譯本。
3、一般將來時
一般將來時由助動詞shall （will）加動詞原形構成。它表示將要發生的動作或情況。
They will sit the post-graate examinations next autumn.明年秋他們要參加工碩考試。
The teacher will not let me go home before I have finished my homework.
老師要我做完作業才能回家。
4、一般過去時
一般過去時由動詞過去式表示，動詞be 根據人稱有was和were兩個詞形，規則動詞在詞尾加-d-或ed；其他動詞參閱不規則動詞變化表, 該時態主要表示過去某時發生的動作或情況。
It's a pity that you did not go to the movie. 很遺憾你沒有去看那部電影。
Many people died in the tsunami that took place in Thailand.
很多人在泰國的那次海嘯中遇難喪生。
5、現在完成時
現在完成時是由助動詞have和has加過去分詞構成的。主要表示此刻以前曾經發生的動作或情況。如：
Grain output has greatly increased in the past few years. 這幾年糧食產量有了很大增長。
The area has suffered from disastrous floods throughout its history.
這個地區歷史上一直遭受水患之苦。
注意：過去時和現在完成時的區別：
現完成時的基本特點是它和現在有密切的聯系，或是指迄今為止這一段時間的情況，或是過去發生的事對現在造成的影響或結果等。而過去時主要強調過去某時刻所發生的動作或情況，與現在沒有任何聯系。如：
Up till now we have planted over 10,000 apple trees.
到目前為止我們共種了一萬多棵蘋果樹。
I saw him a minute ago. 我前一會還見到他的。
6、過去進行時
過去進行時是由助動詞be的過去式加上現在分詞構成的，主要表示過去某個時刻正在進行的動作。
At that time she was working as an assistant in a physics labatory.
那時她在一家物理實驗室做助手。
They took us to see the chemical fibre mill that they were building.
他們帶我們去參觀了他們正在修建的化纖廠。
7、過去完成時
過去完成時由助動詞had加動詞的過去分詞構成，主要表示過去某時刻前業已完成的動作或存在的狀態，其實就是指過去的過去。使用時往往要要在從句中或有一個明確的過去時間狀語。
Before daybreak they had covered half the distance. 拂曉前他們已經走完了大半路程。
No sooner had the rain stopped than they set out again. 雨一停他們就又上路了。
He had not learned any English before he came to the university.
上大學前他一點英語沒學過。
8、一般過去將來時
一般過去將來時由助動詞would加動詞原形構成，主要表示從過去某一時間角度看以後將要發生的動作。含這個時態的句子常帶一個表示「過去某個時間點」的狀語。這個狀語或是一個短語，或是一個句子。這個時態常用於：賓語從句或間接引語中。例如：
When I thought about it, I wondered what their reaction would be.
當我考慮這件事時，我想知道他們的反應是什麼。
She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day.
她告訴我，她第二天要去歐洲旅行。
Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework.
無論他什麼時間有空,他總是幫他媽媽干點家務活。
No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多難，他總會堅持不懈地把它幹完。
9、一般將來完成時
一般將來完成時由shall （will） + have + 過去分詞構成。主要表示在將來某時業已發生的動作。如：
After we finish this text, we'll have learned twenty texts.
這課課文結束後，我們就學了二十課課文了。
By the next month, I'll have finished my task. 到下個月，我將完成任務。
They will have hit the year's target by the end of October.
到十月底他們就可完成全年的指標了。
10、現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時由have（has）been加動詞的現在分詞構成，表示發生在過去的某個動作延續到現在或剛剛完成，或許還要繼續延續。這種時態側重於這個動作的連續性，或者說不間斷性。例如：
I've been waiting for you for the whole morning. 整個上午我一直在等你。
It has been raining for three days. 雨連續下了三天。
Where have you been？ 你去哪兒啦？
She has been busy preparing the exhibition since we met last time.
自我們上次見面以來，她就一直忙著籌備那個展覽。
11、過去完成進行時
過去完成進行時由had been加現在分詞構成，表示過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態一直延續到過去某一時刻。例如：
It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places. 傾盆大雨下了一周，在許多地區引發了山崩。
At last they gor the telegram they had been expecting.
最後他們收到了他們一直盼望的電報。
三、時態強化練習
1. . My dictionary __________, I have looked for it everywhere but still_________ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find
C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
2. Mary ____________ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
3. He said he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment.
A. had not given; had not succeeded B. would not give; succeed
C. will not give; succeed D. would not give; will succeed
4. By the time he arrives in Beijing tomorrow, we __________ here for two days.
A. have been staying B. have stayed
C. shall stay D. will have stayed
5. You don't need to describe her. I ______________ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
6. We ________ let you use the toilet room on condition that you ___________ keep it clean and tidy.
A. will; would keep B. would; kept C. will; keep D. can't; would keep
7. When you ____ the test, check your papers before you hand them in.
A. will finish B. will have finished
C. are finishing D. have finished
8. He has been studying here for three years, by next summer he _________.
A. will graate B. will be graated
C. will have graated D. will be graating
9. Don't you know it's the first time he ____ this kind of meeting？ ?
A. attends? B. attended? C. has attended? D. is attending
10. She ____ for 12 years by the time she graates from the Foreign Language Institute.
A. has studied English B. has been studying English
C. had studied English D. will have been studying English
四、時態練習詳解
1.「答案」D.
「解析」前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由於沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。
2.「答案」C.
「解析」割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，「瑪麗在做衣服時」提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
3.「答案」B.
「解析」在時間，條件或讓步主語從句中一般不用將來時。本題有He said，故為過去式。主句用將來時，故選B. 此處用一般過去式代替了過去將來時。
4.「答案」D.
「解析」考察學生對將來完成時態的用法。在這一時態中注意介詞by，它一般用於將來時態中，題干後有for two days，又表示完成，故而使用將來完成時。
5.「答案」B.
「解析」首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
6.「答案」C.
「詳細解答」一般來說，在表達將來的主從結構中，主句用一般將來時，而從句應用一般現在時。該題就符合這一特點。
7.「答案」D.
「解析」在表示「吩咐，命令，勸告」等的祈使句結構中可以和一個表示完成時的時態連用，主要用來表示一個動作結束後再開始另一動作。類似這樣的用法在英語中使用相當頻繁。
8.「答案」C .
「解析」 將來完成時主要表示將來某時將會發生的事情，一般要用表示將來的時間狀語，如:by 或 before 引導的介詞片語或 before 引導的時間狀語從句。
9.「答案」C.
「解析」在「It's the 1st time that…」結構中，that分句中的動詞用現在完成體。
10.「答案」D.
「解析」本題考點是將來完成進行時。by+將來的時間是將來完成時的標志，而「學習」 這個動作是一直進行的，因此選D.
⑵ 英語，主謂一致中的意義一致怎麼判斷，我做題時出錯
主謂一致是指句子的謂語隨主語改專變，如：屬
I am a student . I like football very much.
He is a writer. He likes writing poems.
We are friends . We often have parties together.
⑶ 英語作文常見錯誤總結
經常出現中國式英語，常見的錯誤有主謂一致；名詞的使用：是可數名詞還是不可數名詞，可數名詞的單復數問題；句子結構：主謂賓定狀補的結構，復雜的復合句子；單詞拼寫錯誤（這是最低級的錯誤）
⑷ 關於英語主謂一致的問題，應要注意什麼
簡單來說，就是，謂語動詞『數』的形式要和主語一致，主語是單數，謂語動詞也要用單數，也就是動詞的第三人稱單數形式；主語是復數，謂語動詞也要用復數形式，也就是動詞原形
⑸ 關於英語主謂一致的問題，應要注意什麼
l、當中心詞為度量、距離、價格等復數名詞的時候,謂語動詞則採用單數形式.如：Two miles is a short distance.
2、在如manya+單數名詞；each…and each…組後面,謂語動詞仍然用單數形式.如：Many a student makes the same mistake.
3、當主語後面跟由with,together with,but,along with,like.in addition to,as well as,as much as,rather than,except等連接的片語時,其謂語動詞的形式依主語的單復數形式而定.如：Statistics as well asphysics always causes mealo to fheadaches.在這里,謂語cause的形式就要依據主語statistics,而不用考慮aswellas後面加的另外一個名詞.學科的名詞都要用單數謂語動詞,所以應該是causes.相關例題：
Every policeman and fireman_______on the alert.
A.have been B.wasC.are D.were
這道題目的知識點正是上文中提到過的第二點,在each…andeach…,every…and every…,no…andno…之後的謂語動詞應該採取單數的形式,所以正確答案應該是B,每一個警察和火警人員都保持警戒狀態.
我的朋友前幾天在奧威斯發展大廈29層進行輔導的,他和我說他的英語口語有明顯提高語法方面也不再混亂了,你不妨去試一下.
⑹ 英語改錯題主謂一致,第9'10'11'12'13題求解釋
1 主語是 Smith, 所以謂語用第三人稱is
2 every .. and every ..謂語用的是第三人稱記住哦，還有這題可以從謂語第三人稱單數knows可得出答案，後面的their改成his或者her
3 這個是倒裝句，主語是後面的two factories, 所以謂語要用復數
4 這個是全倒裝句，主語是後面的two books，所以謂語要用復數
5 這里的主語是Having fun with friends是一個動名詞短語，動名詞短語做主語謂語動詞都要用第三人稱單數
6 The number of..的意思是「....的數字」，是單數，所以謂語動詞也要用第三人稱單數。注意與A number of（許多，大量） 的區別，如果用a number of的話位於就是復數了
7 many a...做主語的句子謂語是用單數，這是要記住的
8 One-third of the factory意思是 工廠的三分之一的面積，是單數名詞，所以用單數
9 When and where...這個謂語動詞是用單數的。但如果改成這樣When to hold and where to hold就是用復數了，因為後面各自有兩個不定式修飾，看成是兩個不同的東西。
10 All 如果後面修飾的東西沒有明確是什麼，就是用單數。如果後面是一些可數名詞的復數，謂語就要用復數了
⑺ 英語寫作時問題，是不是只要主謂一致就行
還要注意動詞的時態語態，語氣
⑻ 我寫英語作文總是分不清語法問題，每次寫作文 總感覺語法沒什麼問題，結果老師一批，全是錯的，我們老師
主謂一致是指主語與謂語在數上要一致。把握主謂一致問題，考生主要解決的是對不同結構的主語單復數的認定，進而選擇適當的謂語。解決主謂一致主要遵循三個原則：
語法一致原則
意義一致原則
就近一致原則
很多情況下應該綜合利用這三個原則來處理主謂一致，在不同情況下可能應用三個原則中的不同原則，具體應用哪種原則應該視具體情況而定。總結如下：
一.謂語動詞用單數的情況
1.動名詞短語、不定式短語、名詞性從句做主語，謂語用單數。如：
Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her.
(1987年考研題)
To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.
2.表示時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積等度量的名詞短語做主語時，謂語用單數。
Two weeks was too long
Five times five makes twenty five
3.一般用and連接的兩個單詞或短語做主語時候，謂語用復數，但是下面用and連接的主語表示一個概念，謂語用單數：
law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水
a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉
the needle and thread 針線 trial and error 反復嘗試，不斷摸索
horse and carriage 馬車 time and tide 歲月
bread and butter 奶油麵包 the ebb and flow 盛衰，潮漲潮落
如： If law and order not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.
A. is B. are C. was d. were
答案：A。
4.表示學科和某些疾病名稱的名詞是復數形式，作主語時候謂語動詞用單數形式
Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.
5.有些名詞形式上是復數，意義上是單數，根據意義一致原則動詞用單數
The chaos was stopped by the police
The news is a great encouragement to us
A series of debates between the lectures was scheled for the next weekend.
6.用and 連接的成份表示一個單一概念時候，動詞謂語用單數形式
Bread and butter is our daily food
Time and tide waits for no man
二. 謂語用復數情況
1. 由and, both …and, 連接的並列主語，和both ,a few, many ,several 等修飾語後面謂語動詞通常用復數形式。
Few people know he and I were classmates when
⑼ 英語寫作要注意的幾種情況：常見的10個句子錯誤
Incomplete Sentence - Sentence Fragment
句子不完整——殘缺句
One common mistake many students make is the use of incomplete sentences. Each sentence in English must contain at least a subject and a verb, and should be an independent clause. Examples of incomplete sentences without a subject or a verb might include an instruction or a prepositional phrase.
許多學生都會犯一個常見的錯誤，就是寫出來的句子不完整。英語中，每個句子都必須至少有一個主語，一個動詞，並單獨成句。沒有主語或動詞的殘缺句子可能就只有表示指令的句子或者介詞短語了。
For example:
例如：
Through the door.
穿過大門。
In the other room.
在另一個房間。
Over there.
在那裡。
These are phrases we may use in spoken English, but that should not be used in written English as they are incomplete.
在英語口語中，你可能會用到這些短語，但是因為它們畢竟不是完整的英語句子，所以在書面語言中，我們一般不會使用。
Sentence fragments caused by dependent clauses used without an independent clause are more common. Remember that subordinating conjunctions introce dependent clauses. In other words, if you use a subordinating clause beginning with a word such as 'because, though, if, etc.' there must be an independent clause to complete the thought. This mistake is often made on tests asking a question with 'Why'.
由於缺乏獨立分句的從屬子句導致的句子殘缺很常見。記住，從屬連詞引出了從屬子句。也就是說，如果你用一些詞語來引出從句，例如because，though，if等等，就必須要有一個獨立分句來使句子完整。我們在考試中，使用why來提出問題時，經常會犯這樣的錯誤。
For example, the sentences:
例如，下面這個句子：
Because Tom is the boss.
因為湯姆就是老闆。
Since he left work early without permission.
自從他不經允許就早退。
We might answer the question: "Why did he lose his job?" However, these are sentence fragments. The correct answer would be:
我們可能會問：「他為什麼丟掉工作?」但是，這些句子都是不完整的。正確用法應該是：
He lost his job because Tom is the boss.
因為湯姆就是老闆，所以他丟掉了工作。
He lost his job since he left work early without permission.
他因為不經允許就早退而丟掉了工作。
Other examples of incomplete sentences introced by subordinating clauses include:
其他關於從屬子句的殘缺句還包括下面內容：
Even though he needs help.
雖然他需要幫助
If they study enough.
如果他們好好學習
As they had invested in the company.
因為他們投資了這家公司
Run-on Sentences
句子不連貫
Run-on sentences are sentences that:
不連貫句子指的是：
1) are not connected by appropriate linking language such as conjunctions
缺乏合適的連接詞，例如連詞。
2) use too many clauses rather than using periods and linking language such as conjunctive adverbs
使用過多的從句，而非句號和連接語，例如連接副詞
The first type leaves out a word - usually a conjunction - that is required to connect a dependent and independent clause. For example:
第一種是漏掉了一個詞——通常是連接詞——用於連接非獨立子句和獨立子句。
The students did well on the test they didn't study very much.
學生們考得很好他們沒有下多少功夫。
Anna needs a new car she spent the weekend visiting car dealerships.
安娜想買輛新車她整個周末都在約見代理商。
The first sentence should use either a conjunction 'but', or 'yet' or a subordinating conjunction 'although, even though, or though' to connect the sentence. In the second sentence, the conjunction 'so' or the subordinating conjunction 'since, as, or because' would connect the two clauses.
第一句話要麼應該加上一個連詞but，要麼加上yet，或者一個從屬連詞although, even though或though來連接前後兩句。
The students did well, yet they didn't study very much.
學生們考得很好，但他們並沒有下多少功夫。
Anna spent the weekend visiting car dealerships since she needs a new car.
因為想買輛新車，安娜整個周末都在約見代理商。
Another common run on sentence occurs when using too many clauses. This often occurs using the word 'and'.
另一種句子不連貫發生在使用太多從句的時候。常常是由於and一詞導致。
We went to the store and bought some fruit, and we went to the mall to get some clothes, and we had lunch at McDonald's, and we visited some friends.
我們去商店買了一些水果，去購物商城買了一些衣服，在麥當勞吃的午飯，又見了一些朋友。
The continuous chain of clauses using 'and' should be avoided. In general, do not write sentences that contain more than three clauses to ensure that your sentences do not become run-on sentences.
我們應該避免使用and來連接一大串的從句。一般來說，從句不要超過三個，以確保句子的連貫性。
Duplicate Subjects
兩個主語
Sometimes students use a pronoun as a plicate subject.
有時候，學生們會將代詞作為第二個主語。
Remember that each clause takes only one sentence. If you have mentioned the subject of a sentence by name, there is no need to repeat with a pronoun.
記住，每個從句只需要一句話。如果之前你已經提到主語的名字，就不需要再用代詞重復了。
Example 1:
例一：
Tom lives in Los Angeles.
湯姆住在洛杉磯。
NOT
而不是
Tom, he lives in Lost Angeles.
湯姆，他住在舊金山。
Example 2:
例二：
The students come from Vietnam.
學生們來自越南。
NOT
而不是
The students they come from Vietnam.
學生們他們來自越南。
Incorrect Tense
時態錯誤
Tense usage is a common mistake in student writing. Make sure that the tense used corresponds to the situation. In other words, if you are speaking about something that happened in the past do not use include a tense that refers to the present. For example:
時態錯誤在學生寫作中很常見。你要確保時態與事情發生的情況一致。也就是說，如果你要表達的是發生在過去的事，就不要使用現在時態。例如：
They fly to visit their parents in Toronto last week.
上周他們坐飛機去看望父母。
Alex bought a new car and drives it to her home in Los Angeles.
亞歷克斯買了一輛新車，並把它開進了洛杉磯的家。
Incorrect Verb Form
動詞形式錯誤
Another common mistake is the use of an incorrect verb form when combining with another verb. Certain verbs in English take the infinitive and others take the gerund (ing form).
另一個常見的錯誤就是在與其他動詞連用時，動詞形式的錯誤。英語中的動詞既有不定式形式，又有動名詞形式。
It's important to learn these verb combinations. Also, when using the verb as a noun, use the gerund form of the verb.
學習這些動詞的連用很重要。當動詞作為名詞使用時，就要使用動名詞形式。
He hopes finding a new job. / Correct -> He hopes to find a new job.
他想找一個新工作。
Peter avoided to invest in the project. / Correct -> Peter avoided investing in the project.
皮特沒有在這個項目上投資。
Parallel Verb Form
動詞復數形式
A related issue is the use of parallel verb forms when using a list of verbs. If you are writing in the present continuous tense, use the 'ing' form in your list. If you are using the present perfect, use the past participle, etc.
在使用多個動詞時，有一個問題就是動詞復數形式的使用。如果你是在用現在進行時進行寫作，就應該使用動詞ing形式。如果你使用的是現在完成時，就應該使用過去分詞形式。
She enjoys watching TV, play tennis, and cook. / Correct -> She enjoys watching TV, playing tennis, and cooking.
她喜歡看電視，打網球和烹飪。
I've lived in Italy, working in Germany and study in New York. / Correct -> I've lived in Italy, worked in Germany, and studied in New York.
我住在義大利，在德國工作，在紐約讀書。
Use of Time Clauses
時間從句的使用
Time clauses are introced by the time words 'when', 'before', 'after' and so on. When speaking about the present or future use the present simple tense in time clauses. If using a past tense, we usually use the past simple in a time clause.
時間從句由時間詞語引導，例如when，before，after等等。當我們表達現在或將來的事時，可以使用一般現在時的時間從句。如果使用過去時態，通常會使用過去時的時間從句。
We'll visit you when we will come next week. / Correct -> We'll visit you when we come next week.
下周我們會來看你。
She cooked dinner after he was arriving. / Correct -> She cooked dinner after he arrived.
他到了之後，她才開始煮飯。
Subject - Verb Agreement
主謂一致
Another common mistake is to use incorrect subject - verb agreement. The most common of these mistakes is the missing 's' in the present simple tense. However, there are other types of mistakes. Always look for these mistakes in the helping verb.
另一個常見的錯誤就是主謂不一致。最常見的就是一般現在時中漏掉了-s。但是，還有其他類型的錯誤。這些錯誤常發生在助動詞的使用上。
Tom play guitar in a band. / Correct -> Tom plays guitar in a band.
湯姆在樂隊里是彈吉他的。
They was sleeping when she telephoned. / Correct -> They were sleeping when she telephoned.
他打電話過來時，他們都睡著了。
Pronoun Agreement
代詞一致
Pronoun agreement mistakes take place when using a pronoun to replace a proper noun. Often this mistake is a mistake of use of a singular form rather than a plural or vice versa. However, pronoun agreement mistakes can occur in object or possessive pronouns, as well as in subject pronouns.
代詞不一致發生在用代詞來替代專有名詞的情況下。通常是使用了單復數形式的錯誤使用。但是，代詞不一致也會發生在賓語或物主代詞，和主格代名詞上。
Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job. / Correct -> Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job.
湯姆在漢堡一家公司工作。他熱愛這份工作。
Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. He thought they were very difficult.Correct -> Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. They thought it was very difficult.
(正確)安德里亞和皮特在學校里學習了俄語。他們覺得俄語很難。
Missing Commas After Linking Language
連接語言後漏掉了逗號
When using an introctory phrase as linking language such as a conjunctive adverb or sequencing word, use a comma after the phrase to continue the sentence.
當我們使用介紹性短語，例如連接副詞或表示順序的詞語，通常會在短語後面打上逗號來連接下文。
⑽ 英語，主謂一致中的意義一致怎麼判斷，我做題時出錯！
做錯的題拿出來，大家分析下