㈠ 要一篇科技論文（英文的）
A Flow Shop with Compatibility Constraints in a Steelmaking Plant* Abstract We present a scheling methodology for applications where the generation of scheles is constrained by antagonistic and vague knowledge. Besides temporal and capacity constraints, compatibility constraints between consecutive jobs are managed. We model the vague constraints and uncertain data by fuzzy set theory. The importance of single jobs and the difficulty to schele them is defined on the different constraints and is used to control the generation of scheles. A preliminary schele is generated by considering the important jobs and those that are difficult to schele first. Easy or not so important jobs are scheled later. Finally, the achieved schele is 「repaired」 until a schele is found that achieves a given level of satisfaction. Since the goodness of solutions is rated by fuzzy sets, robust scheles achieve better evaluations than weak scheles. However, if no robust solution is found constraints will be relaxed. This methodology is appropriate for applications in process engineering where uncertain knowledge is dominant. We explain the methodology with a case study from a steelmaking plant for high-grade steel 補充： Bidding for the Olympic Games, in a way, an image-creating undertaking. The first and foremost thing is to let people fall in love with the city at first sight, attracting them by its unipue image. What image does Beijing intend to create for itself once it has the opportunity to host the 2008 Olympics? It is known to all that the Beijing Municipal Government has already set the theme for the future games: New Beijing, Great Olympics. For me, the 2008 Olympics will be a great green Olympics illuminated with two more special colors, yellow and red. First, yellow is a meaningful color. The Yellow River is China's Mother River and the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. This color has a special origin and great significance for the Chinese people. Beijing is the capital of New China and previously the capital for nine dynasties in Chinese history. So, yellow will naturally add splendor to the 2008 Games. Secondly, the 2008 Olympics will be a red pageant.Red is another traditionally cherished color for the whole country. We adore red. On big occasions, we like to decorate our homes in red. It is the color of double happiness, representing joyous moments, auspiciousness, enthusiasm and prosperity. Red is one of the most suitable colors to describe the future of Beijing . Beijing , together with the whole country, is becoming more and more prosperous in the process of modernization. Should the 2008 Olympics be held in Beijing, the whole city will be a sea of red : the red torch,red flags, red flowers, and the radiant faces of millions of joyful people. Above all, the 2008 Olympics will be a green Olympics. Adding a green ingredient is essential in creating an appealing image, as we can't deny the fact that Beijing, at the moment, is not as green a city as what we like it to be. Striving for an environmentally appealing city has become a central task for all the citizens of Beijing. Big efforts have been made in pollution control, replanting and beautification of the city. According to a project entitled" The Green Olympic Action Plan", between 1998 and 2007, Beijing, we have invested 100 billion RMB in preserving and protecting the environment. Some 12.5 million trees and over 1 million acres of grass will be planted along the Fourth Ring Road. By then, the city's green area will make up 40% of its total. The city will also dredge its reservoirs used as a water supply to Beijing residents, controlling instrial pollution and moving out the 200 factories presently located within the city proper. Certainly, all of this is no easy task. But I am sure that all of us have confidence that we will realize these green goals. For now we have the full support and participation of the environmentally conscious citizens. Each citizen is showing great concern for every one of the steps the city government takes. As the saying goes, United, we stand, and a green Beijing will be achieved. When our aspiration becomes a reality, it will be a unique Olympics." New Beijing, Great Olympics"; will be weaved of these three superb colors: yellow, red and green. 追問： 用中文寫清楚 這篇英文文章研究的是什麼問題?這個問題是怎麼研究的?發現了什麼?這些發現意 味著什麼? 謝謝 回答： 第一篇與電有關
求採納
㈡ 英文論文一些常用的詞彙和句型有哪些
引用數據（圖表、表格）：
常用的動詞：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide, list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe, …
as從句： shown in…/As can be seen in…/As revealed by…
引用/簡述他人的研究/觀點：
XXX + Verb. + n./that…其中Verb可以為：state, claim, argue, maintain, suggest, assert, hypothesize, conclude, describe, develop, propose, find, show, report, use, study, demonstrate, note, discuss, observe, explain, expand, publish, give, examine, analyze, focus, presume, speculate, assume, support, theorize, contend, recommend
其它：Based on…/In the view of…/According to…
表達可能性：
It is certain that …
It is almost certain that …
It is very probable/ highly likely that …
It is probable/likely that …
It is possible that …
It is unlikely that …
It is very/highly unlikely that …
用於表達可能性的另一種途徑：
There is a definite possibility that …
There is a strong possibility that …
There is a good possibility that …
There is a slight possibility that …
There is little possibility that …
㈢ 英語寫作的常用句型和短語
when it comes to (doing) sth.== speaking of
as far as i am concerned
to my mind
as for
to the best of my nkowledge
last but not least
while i admit---- -- -, i must say-- - -.
believe it or not
rain or shine
㈣ 英文論文一些常用的詞彙和句型
引用數據（圖表、表格）：
常用的動詞：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide, list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe, …
as從句：As shown in…/As can be seen in…/As revealed by…
引用/簡述他人的研究/觀點：
XXX + Verb. + n./that…其中Verb可以為：state, claim, argue, maintain, suggest, assert, hypothesize, conclude, describe, develop, propose, find, show, report, use, study, demonstrate, note, discuss, observe, explain, expand, publish, give, examine, analyze, focus, presume, speculate, assume, support, theorize, contend, recommend
其它：Based on…/In the view of…/According to…
表達可能性：
It is certain that …
It is almost certain that …
It is very probable/ highly likely that …
It is probable/likely that …
It is possible that …
It is unlikely that …
It is very/highly unlikely that …
用於表達可能性的另一種途徑：
There is a definite possibility that …
There is a strong possibility that …
There is a good possibility that …
There is a slight possibility that …
There is little possibility that …
㈤ 怎麼寫英文科技論文
第1章關於科技論文
1.1正確看待科技論文的撰寫和發表
1.2正確處理做實驗與寫論文的關系
1.3什麼是科技論文
1.4科技論文的新形式
1.5科技論文的寫作特點
1.6科技論文的一般格式
參考文獻
第2章標題（Title）的撰寫
2.1標題中字母大寫格式
2.2題要對文
2.3標題要簡明
2.4標題中的縮寫和化學式
2.5標題中應含有關鍵詞
2.6副標題（Subtitle）
2.7標題的結構
2.8頁眉標題（Running Title或Title Running Head）
2.9層次標題
參考文獻
第3章作者署名（Authors）與單位（Affiliation）的撰寫
3.1第一作者
3.2通訊作者
3.3作者單位
參考文獻
第4章摘要（Abstract）和關鍵詞（Keywords）的撰寫
4.1摘要的寫作原則
4.2英文摘要的時態
4.3英文摘要的語態
4.4關鍵詞
參考文獻
第5章引言（Introction）的撰寫
5.1研究領域的背景介紹
5.2相關文獻的總結
5.3指出問題所在
5.4簡述論文工作
5.5引言實例
參考文獻
第6章實驗部分（Experimental Section）的撰寫
6.1寫作技巧
6.2結構
6.3實驗部分實例
參考文獻
第7章結果與討論（Results and Discussion）的撰寫
7.1寫作技巧
7.1.1結果部分的寫法
7.1.2討論部分的寫法
7.1.3結果與討論合並寫
7.1.4結果與討論分開寫
7.2結果與討論實例
參考文獻
第8章結論（Conclusion）的撰寫
參考文獻
第9章致謝（Acknowledgment）的撰寫
參考文獻
第10章參考文獻(References)的撰寫
第11章插圖(Illustrations)的繪制
第12章表格（Tables）的設計
第13章科技論文寫作中常用的單詞、短語和句子
第14章科技論文實例分析
參考文獻
致謝
㈥ 英文科技論文寫作怎麼寫
一般碰到這種的很浪費時間，我都交給海碩之星論文幫忙，我的同學們都是在那找人幫寫的;