『壹』 中南大學英語研究生特殊用途外語專業
來中南就知道了
『貳』 幫忙翻譯三篇英語作文
阿爾伯特愛因斯坦（3月14日，在烏爾姆，符騰堡，德國1879年- 4月18日，在新澤西州普林斯頓，1955年）是一位理論物理學家。他是相對性的特殊和一般理論配方。此外，他對量子論和統計力學的重大貢獻。而最好的相對論已知（尤其質能等價，公式E = mc2），他被授予物理，他的光電效應在1905年的解釋1921年諾貝爾文學獎（他\「美好的一年，\」或\「奇跡年\「）和\」作為自己的服務，以理論物理\「。他的許多貢獻，愛因斯坦被廣泛認為是有史以來最偉大的物理學家誰lived.In流行文化之一，名稱\「愛因斯坦\」已成為偉大的智慧和天才的同義詞。
長城
中國的長城，防禦工事，C.1節，500英里（2400公里）長，纏繞在ñ中國甘肅省。河北省。在黃海。這堵牆，主要是沿蒙古平原南緣的運行，已建保護北方游牧民族中國。它是建立在許多古代城牆合並;的第一個統一的牆是在三維百分之興建。公元前由秦王朝。勞動者被徵募來自全國各地中國建設社會主義，其中不少人在項目。這堵牆的目前形式的日期實質上的明朝（1368-1644）。它平均25英尺（7.6米高），是15到30英尺（4月6日至9月1號米），在基地厚，傾斜至12英尺（3.7米的頂部）。守衛站和瞭望塔被置於定期。隔離牆的東部，是與地球所面臨的石頭磚塊，但在西部這不過是一個土墩。連續侵略的中國從北表明，長城沒有什麼軍事用途。自1949年以來兩節北京N有得到重建，而且對遊客開放。
『叄』 關於初中英語作文
寫英語作文和漢語作文一樣，也有許多可供借鑒的要領和訣竅。初、中級英語學習者，只要掌握了一定量的英語知識，再加上一些技巧，完全能夠寫出較好的英語作文，並在各級各類英語考試中取得書面表達部分的好成績。
要領一：學會審題
我們都知道，無論是漢語作文還是英語作文，審題都是第一步，而且是非常重要的一步。英語作文的審題有其特殊的意義。一要審清題目的要求，包括體裁、人稱、時間、詞數等。二要審清內容和要點，列出簡單提綱並精選詞彙和句型。三要審清應使用的動詞時態：日記常使用過去時態或現在時態，通知常用將來時態，看圖作文常用過去時態，人物、地點介紹常用現在時態，介紹學習、愛好、生活等方面的英語作文也常用現在時態等。
要領二：開門見山
英美國家的人習慣「開門見山」。這就要求作者在文章開頭就要說明這篇文章打算要說什麼，即闡明文章的大概意思（general idea），然後再詳細敘述過程。如：
Boys and girls， May I have your attention，please？
There will be a lecture on American literature at the weekend．…
That's all．Thank you．
以上是一個關於一場報告的通知。一開始，就要告訴讀者通知的主要內容（There will be a lecture on American literature），然後再說明具體的時間、地點和要求等。
若是寫一封申請函，我們就可以用以下形式開門見山地表明自己的意圖。
Dear sir，
I have learned from China Youth that a typist is needed in your company．I want to apply for the job and work with your company．．．
介紹人物、地點、學習、生活習慣及新聞報道等方面的作文都可以使用開門見山的方式來寫。這樣寫出的文章讀起來自然流暢。例如：
（1）Beijing，the capital of China，is a world-famous city．There are many places of interest in and around Beijing．The Palace Museum lies in the center of the city．It used to be the palace of the emperors in the Ming and Qing dynasties．There are many splendid buildings there．The Great Wall， which is a wonder of the world，is not far from the city of Beijing．．．
（2）I am a boy of 15．I have many hobbies，of which collecting stamps is my favorite．．．
（3）New York—A traffic accident occurred on High Way 35last night．12 people were badly injured in the accident，2children included．．．
要領三：句子結構、形式要多樣化，長短句搭配
初學英語的人在寫英語作文時缺點之一就是句子太短，句型過於單調呆板，缺少變化。往往機械地使用「主—謂—賓」或「主—系—表」結構。由於對英語豐富多彩的表達方式不熟悉，寫出的作文就像兒童作品一樣幼稚。解決的方法有二：
1開頭句多樣化
在英語修辭學中，用主語開頭的句子稱為「主語領先句」（subject-first sentence）。從語法的角度講，主語領先句並無任何錯誤，但在語篇中過多使用或連續使用主語領先句，在寫作技巧上就是一個缺點了。為了使文章讀起來生動活潑，保持平衡勻稱，或突出強調某些成分，我們可以使用除主語開頭以外的其他成分開頭的英語句子。例如：
To the west of the city is a river，named the Juma River．（地點狀語開頭）
Not having received her letter，I decided to write to her again．（分詞作狀語開頭）
Being ill，she had to stay in bed for a couple of days．（現在分詞作狀語開頭）
To catch the early bus，I got up at 5：30，earlier than usual．（不定式作狀語開頭）
Big and beautiful，the campus is much better than I had expected．（adj作狀語開頭）
Air，water and stone，everything is made up of atoms．（同位語開頭）
Excited at the result，she hurried to tell her mother about it．（分詞作狀語開頭）
Very carefully and slowly，she stepped into the dark cave．（副詞作狀語開頭）
American English rather than British English I like better．（賓語開頭）
It wasn't until we had finished all the cleaning that we left the park and went home．（強調句型強調時間狀語從句開頭）
2長、短句搭配
短句是指字數（詞數）不多的句子，而不論該句子的句法結構如何（簡單句並非都很短，復合句也並不一定都很長。）短句便於組織和表達。用短句來表達一個信息，能迅速抓住對方（或讀者）的注意力，收到一目瞭然、立竿見影的效果。它具有直接、清楚、有力、明快、自然的特點。同短句比較，長句能夠表達更為復雜的概念，形式上顯得莊重嚴肅，所以多出現在正式場合和書面語中。在英語作文中適當使用長句，可以表現作者駕御英語的能力和水平。長句和短句在語篇中搭配使用，既可以減少讀者因為分析長句所帶來的疲勞，又可以體現作者的英語寫作水平，並使文章讀起來自然、流暢。例如：
I have never walked down the south side of the town without being all in a dither about what was happening on the north．This is folly．
以上前邊是一個長句，後邊短句只用了三個詞，便把自己對前述行為的態度（我那樣蠢）一針見血地表達出來，中肯有力。要領四：套用句型
初級和中級英語學習者，由於缺乏對英語的熟練駕御能力，再加上沒有使用高級詞彙和高級句型的意識，致使他們所寫的作文中多是英語簡單句。為了改變這一局面，開始階段可以採用套用常用句型的方法。學習者要整理和熟記一些最常用的復合句句型，以便在寫英語作文時套用。以下是在大多數場合都可以套用的一些常用英語句型：
1．套用what從句（由what引導的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）
That is what they wanted to know．（what引導的表語從句）
I wonder what you want to do．（what引導的賓語從句）
I have no idea what they found．（what引導的同位語從句）
2．套用that引導的表語從句
The reason is that．．．;The problem is that．．． ;The question is that．．．
The fact is that．．． ;The result is that．．．
3．套用when，where，how，why等引導的表語從句
That is where we used to have our experiments．
That was when he was only a boy of 15．
That is how he has succeeded as a doctor．
That is why I didn't accept his offer．
4．套用定語從句
The computer，which has become widely used in many fields throughout the world，was invented in 1946．
Tom is my best friend，whose mother died when he was only 7．
5．套用句型It is＋形容詞或過去分詞＋that從句。
It is important that we（should）have a good knowledge of English grammar．
It is necessary that you（should）have a large vocabulary．
It is strange（surprising，impossible，a pity）that he should have left without notice．
It is said（reported，believed）that our team has won the game．
6．套用It seems that／as if．．．
It seems that ／as if he has found a way out．
7．套用句型It（so）happened that．．．
It so happened that he was passing by and he jumped into the icy water to save the drowning boy．
8．套用句型．．．be about to do sth．／be doing sth．＋when（suddenly）．．．
We were about to start off when suddenly the telephone rang．
She was about to cross the street when a car knocked her down．
I was walking in the street when suddenly a man rushed out of a dark corner．
9．套用強調句型It is（was）＋被強調成分＋that（指人時可用who）．．．
It was then and there that I realized what a noble man Mr Zhang was．
Where was it that you got the dictionary？
10．套用一些常用熟語
How time flies！Nearly a month has passed since I last met you．How are things with you？How are you getting on with your English study？I am looking forward to seeing you soon in Beijing．I will be expecting you at the airport．Be sure to drop in when you come to Beijing．Be sure to ring me when you arrive．I appreciate your kindness．Yours sincerely，Yours truly，．．．
His parents were grateful（thankful）tome for my help．We were just in time for the film．
Ladies and gentlemen，may I have your attention，please？That's all．Thank you．
要領五.套用英語「過渡語」
語篇是一個完整的語義單位，是依靠句子來實現的。語篇不是句子的任意堆砌，構成語篇的句子必須是相關聯的。同一語篇中句子之間內容上的聯系往往是通過一些連接詞實現的。英語中的連接詞表示的是前後句子之間或上下文之間語意上的關系而非語法關系。為了保證語篇中句子間邏輯內容的銜接和連貫，英語學習者必須掌握和熟練運用一些常用的連接詞，即「過渡語」。初學者可以有意識地套用這些連接詞。英語的連接詞常常用於句首。英語的連接詞分為四大類，分別表示上下文之間的不同連接關系。
第一、遞進關系
and，and also，besides，further more，in addition，alternatively，in other words，similarly，generally，that is to say，by the way，on the other hand，for one thing．．．also．．．，by contrast。
第二、轉折關系
but，yet，nevertheless，however，on the contrary，in fact，at the same time，actually，instead，rather，in any case等。
第三、因果關系
so，therefore，for this reason，as a result，in consequence，in that case等。
第四、時間順序關系
and then ，next ，after that ，firstly ，
secondly，and finally，at once，immediately，shortly after that，two days later，at this point等。例如：
A big fire broke out．As a result，all their belongings were burnt up in the fire．
The film had already started when we arrived at the cinema．We didn't get in．
Instead，we went for a walk．
I should have offered him a hand at that moment．However，I didn't do so．
要領六. 書寫規范
英語學習者要清楚地認識到「書面表達」包含「書面」和「表達」兩層意思。其中「書面」指形式，表達是內容，形式是為內容服務的。但是，好的內容配上好的形式才會完美。正如好的商品需要好的包裝才能賣上好價錢一樣，好的作文書寫美觀才能得到高分。書寫規范包括以下三方面要求：
第一、文章要分段
一篇100詞左右的英語作文可以根據內容分為三段（開頭，中間和結尾）。
第二、限制每行詞數
一般在16開的紙上，每行手寫10到11個英語單詞比較合適。這樣就能保證單詞中字母大小合適，詞和詞之間距離適當。
第三、抄寫認真
文章抄寫最忌諱馬虎潦草。這就要求作者要認真抄，不能連筆，要盡可能將字母寫得「圓滑」，因為「圓滑」的字母較美觀。美的形式加之好的內容，就能令讀者賞心悅目，給作者帶來好的分數。
結語：達爾文說過「最有價值的知識是關於方法的知識。」英語學習者只要按照以上方法和要領去練習寫作，遵循「以審題求切題，以提綱求嚴密，以過渡語求條理，以變化求生動，以常用求保險」的寫作原則，就一定能夠在英語作文方面有所突破並取得英語作文的好成績。
『肆』 跪求幫忙翻譯英語作文！！！
試著做身邊的小事
Peter發現水龍頭沒關，自來水流了出來，但他卻裝作沒看見，而Mary，一個有責任心的女孩，表現出不同的態度，她跑過去關掉了水龍頭。
在我看來，Mary的做法非常好，因為她隨時做著一些看起來很小的事情。可能她所做的在一些人眼裡很普通，但是這些事在我們的日常生活中充當著並繼續充當著重要的部分。
我們每天都可以看到諸如此類的小事。比如，當我們離開教室，電燈和電腦都開著，而我們卻置之不理；當我們吃正餐時，常常使用一次性筷子和塑料袋；當我們喝過飲料，吃過零食時，就理所當然地扔掉剩下的。這些場景你熟悉嗎？你是不是我們以上提及的人中的一個？你有沒有想過這些對環境不利的影響？
2. 根據這段文章，從1988年到2008年，交通工具發生的許多巨大變化。從1988年到2008年，汽車的使用增長得最明顯。1988年，只有10%的人開車去工作，但到1998年，其中有四分之一的人擁有車，而到2008年，開車去工作的人猛增到30%。
與此同一時期，使用自行車和步行的人漸漸減少了。1988年，超過一半的工人是騎自行車或步行去上班的；1998年，這一情況仍占據40%，但是到2008年，這一人數降到了低於30%。
3.3上個星期，我們在2600個學生中做了一個關於「誰是你的偶像」的調查。結果顯示，有半數的女生選擇電影和電視明星作為偶像，而男生有48%的人選擇運動明星。數據顯示，父母在女生中排在第二位，but the for the boys。而在選擇偉人時，男生和女生的比例是一樣的。對我而言，Thomas Edison 是我的偶像，因為他的發明大大地改變了我們的生活。
4. 我的戶外生活（...想不出更好的了）夢
這篇文章告訴我們，作者的女兒有一個特別的戶外生活，作者認為戶外生活對孩子非常重要，會給孩子的生活帶來許多不同之處。
對我來說，我覺得我的生活單調乏味，以至於一點也不滿意我的生活。因此，我想擁有自己獨立的戶外生活，這樣可以拓寬我的眼界。戶外生活有許多好處。首先，我可以學到更多的東西而不是在教室里學習。而且，戶外環境給我們更健康的狀態，我們可以呼吸清新的空氣，(coll water?) 等等。最重要的是，這樣可以讓我們更容易地學習。當然，室內生活同樣重要，但我們應該把時間更多地花在戶外生活。生活是充滿自由的。
翻譯得沒有什麼文采，呵呵，水平有限。4不建議採納，參考參考其他人的吧。
『伍』 翻譯一篇高二英語作文(必須用上特殊句式)
We organized a discussion on the topic that what we can do to rece pollution and protect the environment.People hold different opinions.
Some people insist that no more plastic bags should be manufactured because paper bag can meet most of requirements of daily use. At the same time, some people think new-generation based vehicles like magnetic levitation train should take the place of traditional fossil fuel propelled vehicles.
In my mind, we can do something does good not only to the environment but also ourselves. For example, we can persuade the farmers use less poisonous chemicals to plant green foods. On other aspects, using clean energy sources such as water energy, solar energt and so on in stead of burning coal to generate electicity. This may help rece frequency of the acid rain. Besides, using no throwaway tablewares, no dropping garbage everywhere, walking and cycling instead of driving, these won't be difficult for any of us.
For the Earth is homeland to all human being, everyone should do something to protect this unique home.
『陸』 求英語作文萬能句子~！！！明天用 ！！！有的大神速度發啊！！！
一.開頭句型
1.As far as ...is concerned
2.It goes without saying that...
3.It can be said with certainty that...
4.As the proverb says，
5.It has to be noticed that...
6.It`s generally recognized that...
7.It`s likely that ...
8.It`s hardly that...
9.It』s hardly too much to say that...
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特別注意的是
11.There』s no denying the fact that...毫無疑問，無可否認
12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...
13.what』s far more important is that...
二.銜接句型
A case in point is ...
As is often the case...
As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而問題並非如此簡單，所以……
But it』s a pity that...
For all that...In spite of the fact that...
Further, we hold opinion that...
? However , the difficulty lies in...
Similarly, we should pay attention to...
? not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
In view of the present station.鑒於目前形勢
? As has been mentioned above...
? In this respect, we may as well (say)從這個角度上我們可以說
? However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我們還得看到事物的另一方面，即
三.結尾句型
I will conclude by saying...
Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...
All things considered,總而言之
It may be safely said that...
Therefore, in my opinion, it』s more advisable...
? From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….
? The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….
? It can be concluded from the discussion that...從中我們可以得出這樣的結論
? From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看來……也許更好
四.舉例句型
Let』s take...to illustrate this.試舉例以茲證明
let』s take the above chart as an example to
illustrate this.
Here is one more example.
2 高考英語作文常用句型
Take … for example.
The same is true of….
This offers a typical instance of….
We may quote a common example of….
Just think of….
五 常用於引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.
2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.
3. I believe the title statement is valid because….
4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….
5. My argument for this view goes as follows.
6. Along with the development of…, more and more….
7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….
8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….
9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.
10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.
六 表示比較和對比的常用句型
和表達法
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.
2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.
3. A and B differ in….
4. A differs from B in….
5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….
6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….
7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….
8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….
9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.
10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….
11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
七 演繹法常用的句型
1． There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
2． There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
3 高考英語作文常用句型
3． Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
4． Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
5． The reasons are as follows.
八 因果推理法常用句型
1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we』ve learned a lot.
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we』ve learned a lot.
5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.
6. Overweight is caused by/e to/because of eating too much.
7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.
8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.
英語寫作中的句式選擇,結合平時練習和所學短語及語法運用，總結如下,與大家共同探討:
一 改變時態
例: The bell is ringing now. 一般
There goes the bell. 特殊
二 改變語態
例: People suggest that the conference be put off.一般
It is suggested that the conference be put off.特殊
三 使用不定式
例: He is so kind that he can help me.一般
He is so kind as to help me. 特殊
四 使用過去分詞
例: 1 She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.一般
Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab
特殊.
2 Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.一般
Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 特殊
4 高考英語作文常用句型
五 使用 v- ing
1 When he arrives，please give me an e-mail．一般 On arriving /his arrival ,please give me an e-mail.特殊
2 If the weather permits ,I will come tomorrow.一般
I will come tomorrow, weather permitting. .特殊
六 使用名詞性從句
1 It disappointed everybody that
he didn』t turn up.一般
The fact that he did n』 t turn up
disappointed everybody.特殊
2 I happened to have met him.一般
It happened that I had met him. 特殊
3To his surprise, the little girl knows
so many things.一般
What surprises him is that the little girl
knows so many things. 特殊
七 使用定語從句
例; The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.一般
The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of. 特殊
八 使用狀語從句
1 I won『t believe what he says.一般
No matter what he says, I won『t believe.特殊
2 If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.一般
You can go out on condition that you come back before six o'clock. .特殊
3 If she doesn』t agree, what shall we do? 一般 Supposing that she doesn』t agree, what shell we do ?特殊
九 使用虛擬語氣
例: The ship didn't sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain.一般
But for the efforts of the captain ,the ship would have sunk with all on board.特殊
十 使用倒裝句型
例：Though I'm weak I'll make the effort.一般
Weak as I am, I'll make the effort. .特殊
『柒』 英語寫作在英語學習中的重要性
別急 會把英語寫作能力提高的
談談如何提高英語寫作能力
關鍵詞：英語寫作能力 原則 方法
引言：英語寫作能力是英語聽、說、讀、寫四種基本能力之一，英語寫作能有效地促進語言知識的內化。Swain（1985）提出「可理解輸出」假設，認為包括寫在內的語言產生性運用有助於學習者檢驗目的語句法結構和詞語的使用，促進語言運用的自動化，有效地達到了語言習得的目的。通過寫作，英語知識不斷得到鞏固並內在化，有利於英語技能的全面發展。但是，英語寫作又是廣大英語學習者最感頭痛的問題之一，且容易被教師忽視，筆者以為如何提高英語寫作能力值得我們認真研究。本文就此談談初淺的看法。
一、提高英語寫作能力的原則
（一）漸進性原則。要堅持「句—段—篇」的訓練程序，由易到難，循序漸進。在英語寫作的初始階段，要始終注意培養學生良好的寫作習慣，狠抓基本功訓練。在學生掌握了基本句型並能寫出簡單句子後，再要求學生根據一些體例寫出小段的文章。在段落寫作中要引導學生分析段落的結構、段落的中心句、句與句之間的邏輯關系、寫作手法等，這樣有利於下一步一篇文章的寫作。在文章寫作中要教會學生如何構思文章、如何運用正確的寫作技巧等。
（二）多樣性原則。要堅持訓練形式的多樣化及寫作文體的多樣性。從形式上而言，可以用回答提問的口頭作文，也可以用續寫故事；可以改寫課文，也可以仿寫課文；可以寫提綱訓練謀篇布局，也可以寫拓展段訓練發散思維……。從文體上而言，可以寫說明文、議論文、記敘文，也可以寫書信、便條、通知等實用文體。
(三)結合性原則。要堅持聽說讀訓練和寫訓練相結合。根據語言習得理論，學習者在學習時常先通過聽和讀吸取語言知識，從而了解別人的思想，再通過說和寫來表達自己的思想，讓別人了解自己。大量的聽說訓練能促進讀寫能力的提高。因此，寫與聽說讀緊密結合，進行多元化的能力訓練，可使學生的各項能力互相影響、互相滲透、互相促進。
（四）控制性原則。要堅持寫作前的指導，控制學生的漢語語言思維，發展英語語言思維。語言學習在很大程度上主要是模仿，而非隨心所欲地自由表達。教師要加強寫作前的指導，可給出範文讓學生模仿，以熟悉其語篇結構。同時要控制其漢語語言思維，盡可能讓學生習慣英語語言思維，以便於學生學習和掌握地道、正確的英語。
（五）持久性原則。要堅持長期、正確的寫作訓練。英語寫作能力的提高並非一朝一夕之事，而是一個長期的、艱巨的、漸進的過程。這就要求教師、學生都要有充分的思想准備，要有堅韌不拔的意志和必勝的信心。
二、提高英語寫作能力的方法。
（一）通過積累詞彙量，提高英語寫作能力。猶如土木磚石是建築的材料一樣，詞彙是說話寫作的必需材料，也是制約寫作能力提高的瓶頸。可以想像，如果要寫一個句子，10個單詞有8個單詞拼寫錯誤或拼寫不出，有2
個單詞用法不當，又怎麼能清楚地表達自己的思想呢？因此，在平時的教學中要強調學生記憶單詞，記住單詞的拼讀、用法、意思等。記憶單詞的方法有很多，各人有各人的記憶方法和習慣，可因人而異。教師可通過要求學生朗讀單詞、聽寫單詞、默寫單詞、遣詞造句、詞彙競賽等多種方法促進學生記單詞。記憶單詞是一個長期的反復的過程，要長期地堅持下去，才能不斷積累大量的詞彙，為英語寫作打下堅實的基礎。
（二）通過擴大閱讀量，提高英語寫作能力。古人雲「熟讀唐詩三百首，不會作詩也會吟」，這是漢語的一種學習方法，同樣可借鑒於英語寫作。多閱讀是學生增加接觸英語語言材料、接受信息、活躍思維、增長智力的一種途徑，同時也是培養學生英語思維能力、提高理解力、增強語感、鞏固和擴大詞彙量的一種好方法，有利於促進英語寫作能力的提高。在閱讀訓練中，教師要注意以下問題：一是指導閱讀方法，分析文章結構、中心思想、段落中心句、寫作方法等，幫助學生掌握各類文章的結構及寫作方法。二要精讀與泛讀相結合，通過推敲優秀的文章來學會寫作方法和選詞用詞；通過大量的泛讀來吸取信息量，擴大詞彙量。三要擴大閱讀量。提供閱讀的材料涉及面要廣，才能不斷擴大學生的知識面，使學生適應各種題材的寫作。
（三）通過提高聽說能力，提高英語寫作能力。英語聽說讀寫四種能力是相互影響、相互促進的，提高聽說能力必定會促進寫作能力的提高。要提高聽說能力關鍵在於創設一個良好的英語環境。教師要盡可能地用英語授課，多開展專門的聽說訓練，同時開展豐富多彩的課外英語活動，讓學生沉浸在英語海洋中去領略、去體會、去使用英語，久而久之，學生自然能使用正確的、地道的英語進行交談與寫作。
（四）通過重視寫作過程，提高英語寫作能力。長期以來，英語寫作成果教學法（THE PRODUCT
APPROACH）在我國居於主導地位，教師根據寫作的終成品來判斷寫作的成敗，重視寫作的技術性細節（如格式、拼寫、語法等），忽視寫作過程的指導。根據D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的連通論（Connectionism)理論，寫作包括寫前階段、具體寫作、文章修改三個基本過程，這三個過程並非是線性排列，而是循環往復，穿插進行的。教師只有重視加強對寫作三個過程的指導，才能更好地提高英語寫作能力。在寫作前階段，教師重在指導學生如何挖掘題材，訓練發散性思維，以及如何選擇材料、謀篇布局等。在具體寫作中，教師重在指導學生如何緊扣主題、運用正確的寫作方法等。在文章修改中，教師重在指導學生如何修改語法及用詞的錯誤。
（五）通過多寫英語摘要，提高英語寫作能力。英語摘要是把一篇文章的要點摘錄出來，用自己的語言使之獨立成一篇短文，這不是簡單的摘錄，而是忠於原文意思的再創作。寫英語摘要有利於學生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章結構，從而提高學生的邏輯思維能力和謀篇布局能力。
（六）通過發展英語語言思維能力，提高英語寫作能力。英語寫作是運用已掌握的內在化語言知識和表達方法，通過思維進行外在化輸出的創作，因此英語語言思維能力在英語寫作中作用非凡。對於我國學生而言，在英語寫作中易受漢語語言思維的影響，難以直接用英語語言進行思維，不利於英語寫作能力的提高，因此發展其英語語言思維能力尤為重要。教師要注意對學生的英語語言思維進行多方位、多角度的訓練：要採取各種方法訓練學生英語語言思維的廣闊性、深刻性、發散性和創造性；要教會學生用英語思考問題、回答問題；要從訓練形象思維開始，逐步過渡到抽象思維訓練；在課文講解中要盡可能不用漢語翻譯而用英語解釋，消除漢語思維的影響；要努力創設良好的英語環境，在英語交際中發展英語思維能力。
寫好英語段落的三個標准
首先，一個段落必須有一個中心即主題思想，該中心由主題句特別是其中的題旨來表達。整個段落必須緊扣這個主題（stick or hold to the topic），這就是段落的統一性（unity）。其次，一個段落必須有若干推展句，使主題思想得到充分展開，從而給讀者一個完整的感覺，這就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一個段落不是雜亂無章的，而是有機的組合，句子的排列順序必須合乎邏輯，從一個句子到另一個句子的過渡必須流暢（smooth），這就是連貫性（coherence）。下面我們就對這三個標准分別加以說明。
1、統一性
一個段落內的各個句子必須從屬於一個中心，任何游離於中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。請看下例：
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise， we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much， and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主題句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country.文中出現兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，這一段是講的是Joe and I ，中間出現一個Bella是不合適的。還有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner這一句更是與主題句不相關。考生在四級統考的作文卷上常常因為造出irrelevant sentences（不相關語句）而丟分，值得引起注意。再看一個例子：
My name is Roseanna， and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds， but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles， swimming fifteen laps， lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一個是My mother was a premature baby.
從上面兩個例子可以看出，native speakers同樣會造出來irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果這種句子多了，造成偏題或離題，那問題就更嚴重了。
2、完整性
正象我們前面說得那樣，一個段落的主題思想靠推展句來實現，如果只有主題句而沒有推展句來進一步交待和充實，就不能構成一個完整的段落。同樣，雖然有推展句，但主題思想沒有得到相對圓滿的交待，給讀者一種意猶未盡的感覺。這樣的段落也不能完成其交際功能。例如：
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides， it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主題句是段首句。本段的兩個推展句均不能回答主題句中提出的問題。什麼是「a mind in turmoil」（心境不平靜）Physical work又如何能改變這種情況？為什麼它能起therapy的作用？讀者得不到明確的答案。由於四級統考的作文部分只要求寫一篇100～120個詞的三段式短文，每一段只有大約40個詞左右，因此，要達到完整就必須盡可能地簡明。例如：
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means， but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表達的主題思想是一種看法，必須有具體事例加以驗證。上述兩個推展句只是在文字上對主題作些解釋，整個段落內容空洞，簡而不明。如果用一兩個具體的例子的話，就可以把主題解釋清楚了。比如下段：
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes， pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water， will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning， or start screaming 「Help」？
3、連貫性（coherence）
連貫性包括意連和形連兩個方面，前者指的是內在的邏輯性，後者指的是使用轉換詞語。當然這兩者常常是不可分割的。只有形連而沒有意連，句子之間就沒有內在的有機的聯系；反之，只有意連而沒有形連，有時行文就不夠流暢。
1）、意連
段落中句子的排列應遵循一定的次序，不能想到什麼就寫什麼。如果在下筆之前沒有構思，邊寫邊想，寫寫停停，那就寫不出一氣呵成的好文章來。下面介紹幾種常見的排列方式。
A.按時間先後排列（chronological arrangement）
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose， it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast； we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then， when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in； the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain， it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here， judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit， not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough， by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff， dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine， when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit， we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段從「rose」（起床）寫起，然後是吃早餐（「not to miss breakfast」， 「closing at nine o'clock」），然後是「close to noon」，一直寫到這一天結束（「By nine——」）。
B. 按位置遠近排列（spatial arrangement）。例如：
From a distance， it looked like a skinny tube， but as we got closer， we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular， all right， but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore， we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts： a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away， we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass， unlike the tube that it was sitting on， which only had four. Inside， the tube was gloomy， because of the lack of light. Then a steep， narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的寫法是由遠及近，從遠處（「from a distance」）寫起，然後「get closer」，再到（「ten feet away」），最後是「inside the pagoda」……當然，按位置遠近來寫不等於都是由遠及近。根據需要，也可以由近及遠，由表及裡等等。
C. 按邏輯關系排列（logical arrangement）
a. 按重要性順序排列（arrangement in order of importance）
If you work as a soda jerker， you will， of course， not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine， your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom， your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work， the larger the organization of which you are an employee， the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization， whether it is the government， the large corporation， or the Army， this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
這一段談的是表達能力，它的重要性與職業，身份有關，從「not need much skill」或「of little importance」到「more important」，最後是「most important」。
b.由一般到特殊排列（general-to-specific arrangement）
If a reader is lost， it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader， hacking his way through the verbiage， simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses， or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence， so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer， in whose head the connection is clear， has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that 「sanguine」 and 「sanguinary」 mean the same thing， but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
這一段談的是a writer's carelessness，先給出一個general statement作為主題句，然後通過5個 」perhaps」加以例證。
c. 由特殊到一般排列（specific-to-general arrangement）
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat， Prissy， with the one I had several years ago， Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy， a quiet， feminine feline， loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people， exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg， lick， or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright， eyes closed， perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry， on the other hand， loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything， whether it was decorous or not， and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable， on the top of the television， across stranger's feet or laps， in beds， drawers， sacks， closets， or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主題句是段首句，它僅提出一個問題：為什麼兩只貓會被搞混。然後對兩者進行比較，末句才下結論。
2）、形連
行文的邏輯性常常要靠適當的轉換詞語及其他手段來實現。請讀下面這一段文字並找出文中用以承上啟下的詞語：
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First， though， he had to get through high school， so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular， biology， chemistry， and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects， Walter became proficient in them； however， Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result， ring his junior year of high school， Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently， he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally， on June 6， Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上啟下的詞語有兩種，一種是轉換詞語（transitional words or phrases），另一種是起轉換作用的其他連接手段（linking devices）。前者依次有：first， though， so， in particular， and， because， however， besides， as a result， both…and， consequently， and， finally.後者依次是：he， he， his， his， he， these， them， he， those， his， he， these， his. 本段中共有詞彙105個，所使用的轉換詞語及其他連接用語共26個詞，約占該段總詞彙量的四分之一。由此可見，掌握好transitions不僅對行文的流（smoothness）有益，而且對於學生在半個小時內寫足四級短文所要求的120個詞也是不無好處的。
一個段落里如果沒有transitions也就很難有coherence了。我們看下面一個例子：Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture， loudness， and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture， loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句開頭出現一個起過渡作用的」it」之外，沒有使用其他的過渡詞語。這樣，文中出現許多重復的詞語，全段讀起來也顯得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的過渡詞語來修飾的話，這一段就成了下面一個流暢連貫的段落：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds； writing， on the other hand， uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago， but written language is a recent development， invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal， while the word choice of writing， by contrast， is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from， they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture， loudness， and the rise and fall of the voice， but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
4、有損連貫性的幾種情況：
考生在寫作中經常出現下面幾種錯誤：
1、不必要的改變時態，比如：
In the movie， Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him， so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house， he had waited for the heat to die down， but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改變單復數，比如：
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run， the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改變人稱，比如：
Now more than ever， parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此寫作中，一定要注意時態，人稱以及數的變化是否正確，要注意保持一致。
『捌』 BEC英語寫作訓練
- http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_97c021040100z4h9.html
學習BEC英語寫作的一些感受，和你分享~BEC英語是一種特殊用途英語，它比一般的英語專業具有更強的專業性，它要求寫作者不僅要具備英語語言的基礎知識，還要熟悉BEC知識，能自如運用英語從事BEC活動。
1. 不斷通過寫作練習培養英語語法的應用能力，重視掌握有關詞彙的用法，以便能運切實用有關語法和詞彙去寫作。這是英語寫作的基礎。
2. 通過大量閱讀逐漸培養英語思維，並掌握一些寫好句子的技巧，以便在把句子寫正確的同時，不斷培養用地道的英語把句子寫好的能力。
3. 了解一些英語段落、篇章的組織和寫作知識。所寫段落與篇章均要力求連貫(coherence)和銜接(cohesion)。篇章的用詞和句式在文體上一般要保持一致(unity)
在我之前學的那個商務英語寫作班，它也有一個資料的免費獲取，報名還贈送語法講座視頻和電子英語雜志，挺好的啊~
『玖』 外貿英語作文範文
Mr.
Your March 5 letter, thank you. We have carefully studied the socks you put on my offer advice.
Although we would like to meet your requirements, but sorry can not bargain with your request, e to our precise calculation of the price by our price, that is, our prices and other suppliers, different prices, it is because our procts The quality far more than other foreign brands in your office, purchased from us, you will benefit.
However, to help you develop business in this instry, we are prepared to give a 5% discount on the condition that you order quantity of 5,000 pairs. If this proposal is acceptable, please inform you as soon as possible quantitative.
『拾』 急急急！求一篇關於Advertisement的大學英語作文，150字左右 廣告作用 廣告形式多樣 廣告誇張性
The Power of Advertisements
Every day, it is easy to see advertisements all around us. Look around. How many different advertisements can you see?
Often procts show the name of the company that made them. This is a popular form of adver-
rising. The special picture or symbol, i.e. logo, appears on many different procts. When you see a logo, it is hard to forget that proct or company.
Many people buy a proct because it is made by a certain company. In fact, some people only buy a proct of a famous company. They think it proves that they are fashionable and have good taste.
It is common to find advertisements on TV or radio. Most advertisements are very short for people to remember. Nike,for example, has a simple slogan used all around the world:"Just do it". Advertisements often use funny situations as well. It is easy to remember an entertaining ad.
All advertisements are designed to make people buy a proct. An advertisement for a soft drink, for example,might show a group of trendy young people who are having fun. The young people are all drinking the soft drink. Adverrisers are saying to you, "Why don't you buy it and be like these people? You can be young, modern and trendy, too."
You might think that advertisements do not affect you, but the next time you buy a soft drink, ask yourself: Why am I buying this particular proct?
廣告的力量
每天我們很容易在自己的身邊發現各種各樣的廣告。向四周看一下，你能找到多少不同的廣告?
通常產品都會顯示其生產廠家的名稱。這是一種很普遍的廣告形式。各種各樣的商品上出現的特殊圖案或符號，叫做標識。當你見過一個標識，就很難忘記該種商品或其生產廠家。
很多人買東西是因為它出自某一特定廠家。 事實上，有些人只買某個大牌廠家出品的東西，因為他們覺得這證明他們很時尚，有品位。
廣告通常出現在電視或收音機里。大多數廣告都很短小便於人們記憶。例如，耐克就有一個簡單卻世界聞名的標語：「Just do it」(只管去做)。廣告中常常利用一些有趣的情景。通常娛樂廣告就很容易記憶。
所有的廣告設計都是為了使人們購買商品。例如某種軟飲料的廣告，可能就會出現一群玩得正開心的前衛青年，這些年輕人正暢飲該種飲料。廣告詞會對你說：「為什麼不買來嘗一嘗，像這些人一樣呢?你也會變得年輕、時尚又前衛。」
你可能會覺得自己並沒有受到廣告的影響，但是，下次買飲料的時候，問一問自己：為什麼我會買這種牌子的產品呢?
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Advertisement
With the development of material prosperity, advertisements have become more and more important in our daily life.
Advertisements give latest information about procts. If there were no advertising, consumers could not know about goods in their local shops. Advertising helps sell to a bigger market. Therefore, as more goods are sold they are cheapper.Advertisements also provide money for newspapers, magazines, radios and TV stations, etc..
But there are also some opinions against advertising.Some people think that advertisements do not give much information but only try to persuade you to buy. They create a demand for goods that are not really needed. Besides, advertising adds to the cost of goods. Further more, they are ugly to look at and spoil the enviroments.
Actually, every coin has two sides. Advertising is without exception. But in today's world, advertising is not only necessary but also helpful.
廣告
隨著物質生活的日益繁榮，廣告在我們的日常生活中變得越來越重要。
廣告給我們帶來關於產品的最新信息，假如沒有廣告，消費者對當地商店所賣的貨物會一無所知。廣告可以幫助擴大市場，結果貨物賣得越多，價格也就越便宜。廣告還可以為報紙，雜志，無線電台以及電視台提供資金。
不過也有一些反對廣告的意見。有些人認為廣告不但不能提供多少信息，而只是一門心思勸你買東西。他們製造出一種人們對商品需求的氛圍，而實際上並沒有多少人真正需要這些商品。而且廣告給商品增加了成本費。再說它們看起來也不美，並且破壞視覺環境。
事實上，任何事情都有兩個方面，廣告也不例外。不過，在今天的世界裡，廣告不僅必不可少，而且還很有益處。