❶ 雅思.托福的詞彙量大概是多少
考生們在平時朗誦的時候可以熟記這些托福詞彙，當托福口語考試需要用到時，能運用上,助力大家能夠拿到口語高分。環球教育小編就給大家介紹下托福口語高頻詞彙。
1.解決：Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
2.損害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3.給與：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4.培養：Develop, cultivate, foster
5.優勢：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6.缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
7.使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
8.重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
9.認為：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10.保護：Protect, conserve, preserve
11.確保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12.有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13.要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition
14.消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
15.導致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conce to, procure, ince, generate
16.因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17.增長至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to
18.降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，rece to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to
19.保持穩定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out
20.急劇地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably
21.平穩地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，graally，moderately，mildly
22.宣稱：Allege, assert, declare, claim
23.發生：Happen, occur, take place
24.原因：Reason, factor, cause
25.發展：Development, advance, progress
26.有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous
27.影響：Influence, impact, effect
28.明顯的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
29.占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
30.與…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to
31.對比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely
32.展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
33.大約：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
34.波動：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation
35.事實上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that
36.換言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.
❷ 英語六級題型
六級常考作文類型
通過對2000年之後的歷年真題進行概括和總結，不難發現六級作文總體上包括解釋現象型、解決問題型、說明利弊型和對比選擇型。下面對這些作文類型逐一進行介紹。
一、解釋現象型
解釋現象型作文一般要求考生根據考試提綱引出某種現象，然後分析現象產生的原因，闡述其影響，並給出合理的建議。此類作文在歷年真題中所佔比例較大，是練習的重點之一。
1. 寫作提綱
(1) 描述現象
(2) 闡述現象產生的原因，給出支持者或反對者的觀點
(3) 提出建議或總結觀點
2. 歷年考題
2010.12 My View on University Ranking
2009.12 Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes?
2008.06 Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?
2007.12 The Digital Age
2006.12(新) The Importance of Reading Classics2006.12The Celebration of Western Festivals
3. 模擬演練
The Influence of Computer on the Movie Instry
(1) 電腦和互聯網給電影產業帶來多種影響
(2) 闡釋各種影響及原因
(3) 我的看法
專家支招
這是一個解釋現象型的題目，探討了電腦和互聯網對於電影產業的影響，寫作時應當圍繞提綱進行構思：① 第一段簡要說明這一現象，第二段闡釋各種影響及其原因，第三段提出自己的看法。② 寫作時注意語言做到准確流暢，可以適當應用復合句，使文章銜接更加自然。
名師點評
The Influence of Computer on the Movie Instry
The movie instry is quite different from what it was before. It has become ① even more so with the aid of computers. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on the movie instry. ② These, however, come down to the following aspects.
First, the development of computer graphics has enabled the movies to have more terrific ③ visual effects. The digital technology can create vivid images ④ out of thin air. And the 3D picture is another breakthrough of visual enjoyment. Second, the development of personal computers and the Internet has made it easier to download piratical movies, thus the box office of movies will be impacted. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.
In my opinion, the further development of computer and the Internet may make more changes to the movie instry. There may be more technologies to bring us ⑤ multi-dimensional enjoyments. Maybe one day we can have totally immersive impressions of movies with the help of computer.
Analysis
① even more so用於強調當前的情況更加嚴重，可以用於提出話題。
② come down to表示「歸結為」。
③ visual effects意為「視覺效果」，是高分表達。
④ out of thin air表示「無中生有」，屬於固定搭配。
⑤ multi-dimensional意為「多維的」，可以用於有多方面意義或多角度討論的話題。
舉一反三
1. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on the movie instry.
a. Computers and the Internet have influenced the movie instry a lot.
b. Computers and the Internet have great effects on the movie instry.
2. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.
a. However, it can also increase the fame of movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.
b. However, it can also contribute to the promotion of movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.
二、解決問題型
解決問題型作文，要求考生根據考試題目中所反映或提到的問題，提出解決問題的方案或應對措施。此類作文重在考查學生解決問題的能力，因此寫作時一定要具體詳細地說明解決問題的方法。
1. 寫作提綱
(1) 闡述問題
(2) 描述原因
(3) 給出解決途徑
2. 歷年考題
2008.12 How to Improve Students』 Mental Health?
3. 模擬演練
How to Prevent Drink Driving From Happening?
(1) 酒後駕駛已經成為危害公共安全的重要因素
(2) 如何最大限度地防止此類問題的發生
(3) 我的觀點
專家支招
本文對於酒後駕駛這一社會熱點問題進行了探討，主要討論如何防止此類問題的發生，是一篇需要提出解決方案的論說文，寫作時應圍繞提綱進行構思：① 第一段提出酒後駕駛現象及其危害，第二段提出自己的解決方案，第三段總結自己的想法。② 寫作時應當注意措辭准確、結構條理、正確使用銜接句。
How to Prevent Drink Driving From Happening?
Recently, there have been tremendous reports on accidents caused by drink driving and controversial sentences of criminals. ①The miserable tragedies have demonstrated that drink driving has become a serious problem harmful to the public security. ②Therefore, something must be done to prevent such things from happening.
③ First of all, corresponding laws and regulations should be made to clarify the definition and penalties of drink driving, so that the fear of punishment may pull drivers away from alcohol. Secondly, the administrations and media should actively promote the modification of so-called ④ 「wine culture」 to avoid compelled drinking, in order that the drivers may say 「no」 to the toast proposals. Last but not least, the inspections and monitors of the government and the society should be reinforced to immediately identify drunk drivers and prevent drivers from drinking.
In conclusion, it is the responsibility of everybody to rece drink driving to the minimum. ⑤ Only when the problem is efficiently controlled can we live more safely and comfortably.
Analysis
① demonstrate常用於闡明現象，引出主旨。
② 提出觀點，something must be done也可以用we should take measures代替。
③ 提出建議。corresponding laws and regulations, pull...away from均適用於解決問題類作文。用alcohol指代飲酒以避免重復。
④ wine culture「酒文化」，有中國特色的固定表達。
⑤ Only位於句首時主句採用部分倒裝語序，注意從句採用正常語序。
舉一反三
Recently, there have been tremendous reports on accidents caused by drink driving and controversial sentences of criminals.
a. Recently, it has been tremendously reported that there are lots of accidents caused by drink driving and controversial sentences of criminals.
b. Recently, many reports are released on accidents caused by drink driving and controversial sentences of criminals.
三、說明利弊型
說明利弊型作文的標志十分明顯，非常容易識別，其要求比較明確，即要求考生比較某事物或現象的利弊，並表明自己的觀點。1. 寫作提綱
(1) X帶來的好處
(2) X帶來的問題
(3) 我的看法
2. 歷年真題
2005.06 Say No to Pirated Procts
3. 模擬演練
Living in Big Cities or Medium and Small Cities?
(1) 大學畢業後有人選擇留在大城市發展，有人選擇去中小城市生活
(2) 在大城市和中小城市工作、生活的利弊
(3) 我的選擇及原因
專家支招
這是一個說明利弊型的題目，探討了大學畢業生就業選擇的問題，寫作時應當圍繞提綱進行構思：① 第一段簡要說明這一現象，即有人畢業後選擇留在大城市發展，有人選擇去中小城市生活;第二段具體說明在大城市與在中小城市工作、生活的利弊;第三段說明自己的選擇及看法。② 寫作時注意文章結構清晰，思路明確，可適當使用表示並列或遞進關系的片語，使文章銜接自然。
名師點評
Living in Big Cities or Medium and Small Cities?
① We can not choose where we were born, but we can choose where we live ring the whole life. ② That』s why after graation, some students want to stay in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, while some others might long to live in medium and small cities like Yantai and Ningbo.
When referring to the city they』d like to live, different college graates have different choices. ③ Some insist that big cities are their favorites because there are more opportunities for personal development and more modern facilities that make their lives wonderful and convenient. ③ In addition, they believe that their horizons will be broadened and their potentials will be fully exploited before so many challenges. ④ However, there are a large part of people choosing to live in medium and small cities. ⑤ Firstly, less pressure there will make them live much more comfortable. ⑤ Secondly, the air is fresher than big cities. Therefore, it will be beneficial to their health.
⑥ Personally speaking, I』d rather choose to go to big cities because personal development ⑦ rather than comfort is what I have been pursuing.
Analysis
① 描述背景。
② 表語從句描繪出大學畢業生的不同選擇。
③ 分三點詳述留在大城市發展的優勢：更多機會、開闊眼界、開發潛能。
④ 引出相反的觀點。
⑤ 層次分明，結構清晰。
⑥ 表達自己的觀點。
⑦ 「而不是」。
舉一反三
Some insist that big cities are their favorites because there are more opportunities for personal development and more modern facilities that make their lives wonderful and convenient.
a. Some think that big cities are their favorites for the reason that there are more opportunities for personal development and more modern facilities that make their lives wonderful and convenient.
b. Some hold on the opinion that big cities are their favorites considering there are more opportunities for personal development and more modern facilities that make their lives wonderful and convenient.
四、對比選擇型
在六級作文中，對比選擇型的題目要求非常明確且富有針對性。這類作文一般以問題的形式或兩者選一的形式出現，要求考生對兩種觀點或做法進行比較，然後表明自己的看法，並且給出理由。寫這類作文最關鍵的一點就是在表明個人觀點的同時，還要給出支撐觀點的充分理由。
1. 寫作提綱
(1) 有些人認為(支持)
(2) 也有些人認為(反對)
(3) 我的看法
2. 歷年考題
2009.06 On the Importance of a Name
2007.06 Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?
3. 模擬演練
Tradition and Modernization
(1) 有人認為傳統文化應當盡可能保留
(2) 有人認為犧牲傳統文化來發展現代文化是值得的
(3) 我認為
專家支招
這是一個闡釋對立觀點型的題目，文章討論了是否應當犧牲傳統文化來發展現代化的問題，寫作時應當圍繞提綱進行構思：① 第一段闡明保留傳統文化的作用和觀點，第二段說明傳統與現代化的沖突並權衡利弊，第三段提出自己的觀點。② 寫作時注意語言做到准確流暢，可以適當應用復合句，使文章銜接自然。
名師點評
Tradition and Modernization
The process of modernization today is even greater than before. It is unavoidable that some achievements are made ① at the cost of tradition. Many people believe that tradition should be reserved to the largest extent. On the one hand, they think that the tradition is the ② cream of history with perfect conclusion and abstraction, and thus it should be followed. On the other hand, we should keep our own traditional characteristics as a culture, so that we can find our own position in a world of ③ diversity.
However, some people believe that it is worthwhile to abandon tradition for modernization. In the first place, they view the history as a ④ linear course moving forward, and outdated concepts must be timely eliminated. In the second place, they believe that civilization is more important, and should be realized ⑤ at all costs.
As far as I am concerned, we should sort out the universal truth in our tradition and stick to them. But we should also selectively put down some traditions for a better life.
Analysis
① at the cost of表示「以……為代價」，可以用於表示犧牲某些東西來實現目的。
② 可以用cream來表示「精華」，可以指人或物，表達簡潔准確。③ 表示多樣性的時候可以用diversity或者variety。
④ linear一詞可以用於描述一切線性或單向發展的過程，在描述與時空相關的內容時也可以使用。
⑤ at all costs表示「不惜一切代價」，可用於強調話題的重要性。
舉一反三
1. It is unavoidable that some achievements are made at the cost of tradition.
a. It is inevitable that some achievements are made at the cost of tradition.
b. It cannot be avoided that some achievements are made at the cost of tradition.
2. However, some people believe that it is worthwhile to abandon tradition for modernization.
a. However, some people believe that it is worthy to abandon tradition for modernization.
b. However, some people believe that it is rewarding to abandon tradition for modernization.
2012年12月大學英語六級寫作經驗談
分享到： 2012年11月28日15:36 可可英語 【發表評論】
摘要：2012年12月大學英語六級考試迫在眉睫，今天為同學獻上六級寫作的經驗方法。
距離2012年12月四六級考試越來越近，現在正是四六級考生復習沖刺的黃金時期。為了助大家取得好成績，新東方在線四六級頻道為考生網羅了四六級輔導名師，整合了各題型備考資料，給你一站式學習體驗。
[馬上進入2012年12月四六級備考專題：四級復習備考 六級復習備考 免費在線模考 ]
一、 英語六級長短句原則。
工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個短小精闢的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題： As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可見，長短句結合，抑揚頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！強烈建議：在文章第一段(開頭)用一長一短，且先長後短;在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然後在闡述幾個要點的時候採用先短後長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結尾一般用一長一短就可以了。
重磅閱讀
2012年12月英語六級考試強化備考
六級備考策略：最新 最全
• [六級]英語六級考試寫作備考加分句型
• [六級]六級閱讀主旨題答題技巧及實戰演練
• [六級]英語四六級考試強化備考：閱讀篇
• [六級]六級強化備考：別小看單詞和語法
• [六級]六級寫作萬能文章結構與思路
二、 英語六級主題句原則。
國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成"群龍無首"之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內，結果造成我們稀里糊塗！不知所雲！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭(保險型)或者結尾，讓讀者一目瞭然，必會平安無事！特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！ To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly
三、英語六級 一二三原則。
領導講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點... 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的"標簽"來判定你的文章是否結構清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞彙加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。 1)first, second, third, last(不推薦，原因：俗) 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦，原因：俗) 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦，原因：俗) 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦，原因：俗) 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦) 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦) 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦) 8)most important of all, moreover, finally 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用於兩點的情況) 10)for one thing, for another thing(適用於兩點的情況)建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚！
四、 英語六級短語優先原則。
寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其一、用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發現亮點-精彩的短語，那麼你的文章定會得高分了。其二、關鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數，怎麼辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如： I cannot bear it. 可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短語表達：I am looking forward to it. 這樣字數明顯增加，表達也更准確。
五、 英語六級多實少虛原則。
原因很簡單，寫文章還是應該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如： 走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房間應該說：slip out of the room 小姐走出房間應該說：sail out of the room 小孩走出房間應該說：dance out of the room 老人走出房間應該說：stagger out of the room 所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩！
六、 英語六級多變句式原則。
1)加法(串聯)都希望寫下很長的句子，像個老外似的，可就是怕寫錯，怎麼辦，最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前後的句子又先後關系或者並列關系。比如說： I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者並列的，我們可以用一個超級句式： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短語可以用： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)轉折(拐彎抹角)批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優點，然後轉入正題，再說缺點，這種方式雖然陰險了點，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時候，只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。 The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短語： despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然後我主動搭訕，然後我們去咖啡廳，然後我們認識了，然後我們成為了朋友..。可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先後順序，先什麼，後什麼，所以然後這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先後或因果關系！ The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短語： then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重)有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現這樣的句子，就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。舉例：This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復雜成分： When to go, Why he goes away..。
5)附加(多此一舉)如果有了老婆，總會遇到這樣的情況，當你再講某個人的時候，她會插一句說，我昨天見過他;或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話裡面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I don』t enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其實很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除後不影響整個句子的構成;定語從句-借用之前的關鍵詞並且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)文學作品中最吸引人的地方莫過於此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那麼我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個得對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！ Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (氣勢恢宏) 要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！
七、 英語六級挑戰極限原則
既然十挑戰極限，必然是比較難的，但是並非不可攀！原理：在學生的文章中，很少發現諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鍾的時間看看就可以領會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如： The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪!