1. 09年公共英語答案
參考答案：（專業人士親自做的，正確率應該能在95%左右）
聽力：42312 43121 22314 42411 34112
46-50 adccd
51-55 bcbab
56-60 ccdca
61-65 deacb
cloze:
33424 42311 43224 32143
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以下是真題。
SECTION II Use of English
(15 minutes)
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The United States is a confederation of states. Each state has the 26 to make
laws with regard to the state. 27 , based on public opinion, states can 28
policies regarding ecation, and they may 29 a state income tax; they also
determine the speed 30 , housing codes, and the drinking age.
In most parts of the United States, you 31 be 21 years old to buy alcohol in
a liquor store, bar, 32 restaurant. In some states you may buy beer in a grocery
store. If a store sells alcohol to a minor, the 33 of the store is usually 34 a
large sum of money.
35 , many areas have an open-container law, 36 means that people may
not drink alcohol on the street or in a car. Anyone 37 with an open container of
alcohol may be arrested.
38 , with all of these laws, the 39 of alcohol is a serious 40 in the
United States and Canada. Drinking on college campuses, 41 there are many
underage drinkers has 42 greatly. In fact, alcohol sales have gone up 43 the
legal drinking age was 44 from 18 to 21. Some people believe that if there were
no legal drinking age, 45 in some other countries, North American youth would
drink less.
26. [A] privilege [B] advantage [C] right [D] tradition
27. [A] As a result [B] For example [C] In other words [D] In this case
28. [A] demand [B] disagree [C] discuss [D] determine
29. [A] collect [B] issue [C] demand [D] implement
30. [A] limit [B] control [C] rule [D] regulation
31. [A] can [B] shall [C] may [D] must
32. [A] and [B] or [C] also [D] not
33. [A] clerk [B] salesperson [C] owner [D] host
34. [A] fined [B] charged [C] punished [D] suffered
35. [A] In addition [B] In fact [C] In reality [D] In general
36. [A] that [B] this [C] it [D] which
37. [A] exposed [B] suspected [C] caught [D] detected
38. [A] Nevertheless [B] Anyway [C] Moreover [D] Therefore
39. [A] application [B] consumption [C] expenditure [D] usage
40. [A] condition [B] crisis [C] question [D] problem
41. [A] though [B] as [C] where [D] which
42. [A] raised [B] increased [C] peaked [D] climaxed
43. [A] when [B] since [C] before [D] after
44. [A] shifted [B] upgraded [C] uplifted [D] changed
45. [A] same [B] for [C] as [D] similar
SECTION III READING
Text 1
A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the surprise
sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area affects p
a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by fir
house in San Francisco that looked much alike and had
middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately t
The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia
in Appleyard』s terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM stre
cars a day, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000 cars a day.
Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and trash
secondarily. That is, the cars didn』t bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated,
residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reced the amount of
territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes.
Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own lives. A number of families had recently moved. And more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
46. Appleyard』s study focuses on the influence of .
[A] traffic volume on the residents
[B] rate of crime on the neighborhood
[C] social classes on the transportation
[D] degree of pollution on the environment
47. Appleyard discovered that increase in the volume of traffic .
[A] made people more violent
[B] would lead to increase in crime
[C] was accompanied by increase in crime
[D] had the same effect on people as increase in crime
48. The author』s main purpose in the second paragraph is to .
[A] discuss the problem of handling trash
[B] suggest ways to cope with traffic problems
[C] point out the disadvantages of heavy traffic
[D] propose an alternative system of transprotation
49. People on Gough Street .
[A] felt sorry that their block had been pulled down
[B] felt indifferent about people moving out
[C] thought their old community was gone
[D] thought mostly of themselves
50. What can we learn about Franklin Street?
[A] It is not a nice neighborhood for children.
[B] People often throw trash out as they drive through.
[C] People there have made friends with people on Octavia.
[D] People there own twice as many cars as people on Gough Street.
Test 2
Imagine, if you will, the average games player. What do you see? A guy who never grew up? Or a nervous 18-year-old pushing buttons on his controller, lost and alone in a violent onscreen world? Sorry, you lose. The average gamer is starting to look pretty much like the average person. For the first time, according to a U.S. poll commissioned by AOL Games, roughly half of those surveyed, ages 12 to 55, are tapping away at some kind of electronic game － whether on a PC, a cell phone or another handheld device － for an average of three hours every week.
The games people play say a lot about who they are. Machines like the Xbox and PlayStation 2 are largely the territory of twenty-something men, who prefer to picture themselves as sports stars and racing drivers. Men 50 and older prefer military games. Teenage girls are much more likely than boys to play games on their phone, while older women make up the majority of people playing card games such as Hearts on line.
Is it a good thing, all this time spent on games? Or is it as harmful as television, pulling people ever further from reality? The AOL survey suggests some players are in denial about the extent of their habit. One in 10 gamers finds it impossible to resist games; 1 in 4 admits to losing a night』s sleep to play games; and another quarter has been too absorbed to have meals.
But don』t think we』re all heading into a world with everyone plugged into, if not totally controlled by, his own game. Quite the contrary: gamers appear to be more engaged with reality than other kinds of couch potatoes. According to a comprehensive survey by the Entertainment Software Association (ESA – whose members, of course, want you to think video games are healthy), gamers spend an average of 23 hours a week volunteering and going to church, concerts, museums and other cultural events. More enthusiastic gamers who play 11 hours a week or more spend ever more time out in the cultural world (34 hours).
51. The AOL survey finds that electronic games .
[A] do not present a violent onscreen world
[B] no longer keep gamers from growing up
[C] are no longer exclusive to young people
[D] are not as popular with teenagers as before
52. Who does the author say tend to identify themselves with the characters in the game?
[A] Teenage girls.
[B] Older women.
[C] Men in their 20s.
[D] Men 50 and older.
53. When asked about the extent of their habit, some players .
[A] refused to provide an answer to this question
[B] denied they were affected by electronic games
[C] wondered why they were asked such a question
[D] stressed their interest in playing electronic games
54. It can be inferred from the text that .
[A] electronic games are less harmful than television
[B] television viewers are more realistic than gamers
[C] television is more popular than electronic games
[D] gamers have less self-control than TV viewers
55. According to the writer, the ESA members .
[A] have sufficient knowledge of games
[B] think their games are healthy procts
[C] serve as the role models for game players
[D] are concerned about gamers』 cultural activities
Text 3
The ostrich, the largest bird in the world at present, lives in the drier regions of Africa outside the actual deserts. Because of its very long, powerful legs and the floating effect of its extended wings, it is able to run at great speed over considerable distances.
The female ostrich normally proces about twenty eggs every rainy season. When the female ostrich begins to lay her eggs, however, she does not begin in her own nest. Instead she goes off in search of the nests of neighboring females and lays two or three eggs in each of them. By the time she has laid eight or nine eggs, she returns and lays the rest in her own nest.
Because of the size of the eggs, the female ostrich cannot lay more than one every two days, so it takes her three weeks to finish laying in her own nest. During that period, she spends a lot of time away from her nest looking for food. And while she is off her nest, other females visit it to lay their eggs amongst hers. By the time she is ready to sit on the eggs to hatch them, there could be up to thirty eggs in her nest, over half of which are not her own.
The female ostrich can comfortably cover only about twenty eggs when she is sitting on the nest so before settling down she pushes the surplus ten or so eggs out of the nest. The rejected eggs, however, never include any of her own. Each female is remarkably consistent in the size and shape of the eggs she proces, so it is not difficult for her to distinguish her own from those of strangers.
Of all the eggs laid by a colony of ostriches, only a very small number hatch into young birds. There are times when nests are left unprotected, for there are too few males to sit on all the nests at night. Thus there are ample opportunities for their natural enemies to raid the nests and eat the eggs. In fact, nearly 80% of the nests are destroyed. But even if a particular female』s nest suffers this fate, there is a good chance that one or two of her eggs will be hatched in the nest of one of her neighbors.
56. We learn from the text that an ostrich can go a long distance at high speed as .
[A] it is a special kind of bird
[B] it lives in large desert areas
[C] it has special wings and legs
[D] it is the largest bird in the world
57. Normally, in every rainy season, the female ostrich proces about .
[A] 12 eggs in her nest
[B] 18 eggs in her nest
[C] 20 eggs in her nest
[D] 30 eggs in her nest
58. The female ostrich would push some of the eggs out of her nest because .
[A] she can only hatch her own eggs
[B] those eggs are unlikely to be hatched
[C] those eggs are to be hatched by others
[D] she can only hatch a limited number of eggs
59. The female ostrich identifies her own eggs by their size and .
[A] color
[B] number
[C] shape
[D] weight
60. The female ostrich lays her eggs in her neighbors』 nests most probably because .
[A] her nest is not big enough
[B] she cannot protect all her eggs
[C] she cannot tolerate all her eggs
[D] her nest is not comfortable enough
Part B
Directions:
Read the opinions given by five scholars on challenges facing today』s single women. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each scholar to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Timothy Constance
What the women I spoke with said was that they want a husband who is independent and dedicated to his career, but that he doesn』t have to make a lot of money. The emphasis was always on finding a best friend – a soul mate – someone you could tell all your troubles to and who would be supportive. So it doesn』t seem to be the case that these women were looking fro super high-achieving men.
Grise Levison
I think that for women, as well as for men, the standard for someone who you』d want to spend your life with depends much more today on emotional intimacy. It takes some trial and error and a pretty long and dedicated search to identify the kind of person who is emotionally matching you and who is able to communicate and listen to trouble talk.
Marry Brown
In recent decades girls have been raised to be more competitive and stronger than they were in the past. Several women I talked to mentioned that in their life they felt that their intelligence or intellectual achievement seemed to work against them in their romantic relationships with men. However, most of the women I interviewed felt that there were some men 「out there」 who would be attracted to smart women. The problem was finding them.
Donna smith
I think, for the women I talked to, their ultimate sense of what they want in life includes family and children, but they aren』t willing to think about the fact that they therefore will probably have to give up some of their own indivial pursuits and career goals. I think the definition of success includes both love and work, and that the challenge is how to arrange that in a particular order.
Elizabeth Budy
I think that people who have done at least some of the things that are essential for a wise judgment about a partner are more likely to eventually end up in a stable marriage. It』s also true that they』re likely to marry someone who is similar to them in ecation and earning power, which means that those marriages are likely to have more money in them.
Now match the name of each scholar (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
61. Timothy Constance [A] Career success is in fact not a disadvantage.
62. Grise Levison [B] The ability to choose a right partner ensures a stable marriage.
63. Marry Brown [C] How to balance career with family is key to success.
64. Donna Smith [D] The essential part of marriage is the union of soul.
65. Elizabeth Budy [E] Finding an emotionally intimate mate isn』t a piece of cake.
[F] Career success ensures a solid marriage.
[G] Social assistance is needed for today』s single women.
SECTION IV Writing
(40 minutes)
Directions:
You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Part A
66. Your friend Li Ming has written to invite you to go to his hometown together with him and you are willing to accept his invitation.
Write a reply to Li Ming,
1) to express your appreciation and acceptance of his invitation;
2) to ask about his schele for the trip;
3) to ask about what necessary preparations you need to make.
You should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your name at the end of your letter. Use 「Wang Lin」 instead. You do not need to write the address.
Part B
67. Below is a picture showing rubbish left in a park. Look at the picture and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points:
1) a description of the picture;
2) your comment on this picture and suggested solutions to the problem.
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不容易啊，滿意給分！！！
絕對原創DEVIL/絕愛出品
2. 哪裡有09年考研英語答案解析 最好有閱讀翻譯
2009年考研英語試題答案解析
答案解析：
1. B.本題考查動詞，後面的賓語是「the fruit-fly experiments described…」， suppose表示「假設」， observe表示「觀察」，image表示「想像」， Consider「考慮」，代入文中表示「考慮已經被描述出來的實驗」，符合語境。
2. A.本題考查動詞短語，happen to(碰巧)，fear to(唯恐…)，be threatened to被恐嚇…。tend to do表示「有…傾向，往往…」，代入文中表示比較聰明的果蠅往往壽命較短。
3. D.本題考查形容詞， lighter更輕的，thinner更瘦的，stabler更穩定的，dimmer比較暗淡的，本句是前一句推出的結論，即由「果蠅越聰明壽命越短」推出 「燈泡越暗使用時間越長」。
4. B.本題考查名詞。由前半句「燈泡越暗使用時間越長」推出「這是不特別亮的燈泡的一個優點」。tendency傾向，advantage優勢，inclination傾向，priority優先權。
5. C.本題考查動詞短語，turns out證明是，insist on堅持，sum up總結，put forward提出。
6. A.本題考查介詞， off表示離開。代入文中表示離開起點時。
7. D.incredible難以置信的，spontaneous自發的，inevitable不可避免的，graal漸進的。學習是一個漸進的過程，所以選graal.
8. C.本文的主旨是智力需要昂貴的代價。大量的物種會學習，但它們首先學會的是知道什麼時候停止學習，與上文的例子燈泡呼應。四個選項中， fight表示斗爭，doubt表示懷疑，stop表示停止，think表示思考，正確答案為C
9. B.本題考查形容詞，修飾intelligence。 invisible看不見的， indefinite不確定的，這兩個選項意思不符合，排除。different不同的，limited有限的。因為所有物種的智力都是有限的，所以limited符合文意。
10.D.cast a glance backward「回顧」，固定搭配。
11.D.feature特徵，influence影響，result結果，cost代價。Cost「代價」與文中「事實證明，智力是要付出代價」相呼應。
12.B.本題考查介詞，on the mind of「為…著想」，by the mind「通過思考」，outside和across不與mind的搭配。
13.C.本題考查動詞，與之搭配的賓語是experiments ，選項中perform能與experiments 搭配，表示「做實驗」。deliver遞送，carry運送， apply應用。
14.D.前一句提到experiments，本句提到一個具體的實驗，所以選for instance例如。by chance偶然，in contrast相反，as usual照常。
15.A.由後半句中they would test us to可推測本句使用了虛擬語氣，選項中if可以引導虛擬條件句。 unless除非，as正如，lest唯恐。
16.C.本題考查動詞。所填動詞表明實驗的目的，並且所填動詞的賓語是limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain ，選項中「determine確定」符合題意，並與下文的decide相呼應。moderate適中的，overcome克服， reach達到。
17.B.本題考查介詞，四個選項中for 表示表示目的，這個句子的正常句序是intelligence in humans is really for what.
18.A.本題考查邏輯關系。這個句子位於段末，顯然起到總結性的作用。四個選項中，Above all最重要，After all畢竟，However然而，Otherwise否則，故選Above all。
19.A.本題考查形容詞，修飾question 。fundamental基本的，comprehensive全面的，equivalent相等的，hostile敵對的。由句後問題的內容可推出這是一個最基本和重要的問題，所以選fundamental。
20.C.本題考查副詞。空前說「想研究這個問題」，空後說「結果還不確定」。四個選項中，By accident「偶然」，In time「及時」，So far「到目前為止」，Better still「更好的是」，只有So far符合語意。
全文翻譯：
對動物智力的研究總是讓我們思考人類到底有多聰明。參考下卡爾齊默周二發表在科學時代刊物上的文章所描述的果蠅試驗。有些果蠅比普通果蠅聰明，但是壽命較短。這表明暗淡的燈泡使用時間更長，也表明暗淡是燈泡的一個優勢。
事實證明，智力是要付出昂貴的代價。它需要更高的給養、消耗更多的燃料，因為智力依靠的是學習(一個循序漸進的過程)而不是一種本能，所以離開起點時緩慢。許多其他的物種也有學習能力，很顯然他們學到的東西之一就是知道何時停止。
有限的智力是否有適應值呢?這也是此項研究的課題。我對此很感興趣。這個試驗不是去回顧那些被我們劃為低智商的物種，而是含蓄在問我們自己智力的真正代價是什麼。我們所遇到的每種動物的想法。
對動物智力的研究也讓我想，如果動物有機會的話，他們會對人類作什麼樣的實驗。比如說，每隻有主人的貓都在進行一個小型的操作性條件反射研究。我們認為如果動物也能進行試驗的話，他們會測定我們的忍耐度，忠誠度，以及對地形的記憶力。他們會試圖判定人類智力的實際用處，而不僅僅是判定人類智力的高低。最重要的是他們希望研究一個最基本的問題：人類是否真正意識到了自己所生存的世界?對此，目前仍無定論。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Text 1
21【C】事實細節題。意為：Wordsworth認為以何種方式便能獲得
文章第二句中提到We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and
relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.我們在無意識的狀態下就能行成，使
們的頭腦處於自動導航，放鬆地進入一種無意識的慣性當中。從這個表述中可以看出習慣的
形成過程完全是一種無意狀態下的機械活動。
22.【D】事實細節題。意為：研究者發現習慣的形成可以被
第二段第二句當中指出當人們有意識的培養新的習慣時，我們就創造出一種相關的軌跡，甚至是全新的腦細胞，這可以使我們的思想進入一個創新的軌道上。由此可見研究人員認為習慣的形成是可以被引導的。
23.【A】詞義句義題。意為：「ruts」的意思最貼近於
A 痕跡 B 系列 C 特點 D 聯系
原文提到：不要試圖擺脫你的舊習慣;一旦這個過程的 進入大腦，它們就會留在腦中。根據上下文邏輯最合上下文語境的為A選項。
由於24、25題題干不清晰暫不做出解析。
24.【A】事實細節題。
25.【A】事實細節題。
Text 2
26.【A】推理判斷題。 意為：從第一二段文章表明PTK很容易買到。
文中第一二段有多處體現，首段最後一句話「只需花30美元在地方葯房作親子鑒定……」.第二段第一句我們可以看到 「自從去年不需要處方即購可買之後，己經超過6萬人購買了PTK 」。甚至從第二段整段我們可以看出：B項關於鑒定價格浮動只在第二段最後一句有所體現。C項文中未提到。D項屬過度推斷。
27.【C】事實細節題。 意為：PTK是用來鑒定親子關系的。
從文中第三段可以看到「被收養的孩子可以通過親子鑒定找到他具有血緣關系的親屬」。A選項比較具有迷惑性，從第三段後半句我們可以看出「PTK最近惹怒了很多譜系學家，他們支持用PTK來探尋一個家族的祖藉」。可以看出PTK沒有主要被用來尋找一個人的出生地。選項B，D文中未提及。
28. 【D】事實細節題。意為：持懷疑態度的觀察者認為祖先鑒定沒有達到聲稱的准確性。
從題干信息我們可以將它定位到文中第五段第一句我們可以看出: 那些正在做祖先鑒定的人們所宣揚的(祖先鑒定)精確度其實是錯的。這句話是對這一段的概括，ABC三個選項都只是它的細節之一。因此，D選項正確。
29.【A】事實細節題。意為：最後一段中商業基因鑒定面臨的一個問題是數椐收集的紊亂。
從最後一段第二句我們可以看出「一些公司使用的資料庫並不依賴於系統的數據收集而是把不同研究機構收集的信息合在一起。這就意味著處理數據的公司不同，所用DNA資料庫也會不同。」文中並未提及數據是否重合，B無根椐。CD文中沒有體現。
30.【B】主旨大意題。 意為：本文最合適的題目應是DNA測試及它存在的問題。
A選項中 「DNA測試的贊成與反對」從文中我們看不到作者有明顯贊成DNA測試的傾向，C選項，文中沒有特別強調實驗室內外的問題。D選項「DNA測試背後的謊言」， 作者只是客觀地提出了DNA測試存在的不準確性問題，但並沒有指明是哪些人的謊言。
Text 3
31.【D】推理判斷題目。意為：在第一段作者認為在貧困國家教育的重要性被高估了。
作者在首段指出「傳統的觀點認為在貧困國家對促進經濟的快速發展而言，教育是極應優先考慮的要素之一，這是種錯誤的看法。」教育的優先性和教育的重要性實際上是一個意思，而既然文中說優先教育是種錯誤的看法，由此可推出教育的重要性被過度的重視了即被高估了，因此D正確。
32.【B】事實細節題。意為：第一段表明建立新的教育體系需要幾代人的努力。
在第一段作者主要談論了靠優先發展教育來促進經濟發展是錯誤的看法，而世界各國的工人經過了勞動培訓可以獲取高產量進而帶來更高的生活水平。解答細節題時同樣明顯背離中心的選項可首先排除，即先可排除A,C;在依據第一段的倒數第二句可知：通過教育體系來使足夠多的人能提高經濟能力將需要兩三代人。由此可知建立教育體系在當前是不可能，而這種建立需要幾代人的努力才能實現。
33.【B】事實細節題。意為：日本和美國勞動力的主要區別是日本的勞動力更多產。
解答本題可用運排除法。依據文章的第二段，美國勞動力受教育程度差遭到嘲笑並被認為是其經濟表現差的原因之一。美國工人接受了職業培訓後，本田、豐田的美國公司才達到了日本95%的產量，由此可知日本工人的生產力比美國工人的生產力高。從文中可知，美國勞動力受教育程度差是個事實也是美國經濟表現差的重要原因，由此可排除不符合文意的C選項;而A,D的信息在文中未提及，由此可得出只有B正確，而依據文意，既然日本保持了汽車產量的全球領先地位，自然日本的勞動力比美國的勞力更多產也驗證了B為正確答案。
34.【A】推理判斷題。意為：作者引用了我們祖先的例子來表明當人們有了充裕的時間時，教育才出現。
依據文章倒數第二段的最後兩句可知，作者舉出了我們祖先的例子是來論證最後一句話得出的觀點：只有當人們有了更高產的獲得食物的方式時，人們才有時間做其它事情。由此可推知，教育是獲得食物以外的其它事情，而受教育的前提是人們有剩餘時間，由此可知A為正確答案。
35.【C】主旨大意題。意為：教育的發展受約於產量的提高。
文章在最後一段針對上文討論的教育和生產的關系做出了總結。在本段作者明確指出缺乏正規的教育並不能限制發展極大提高產量的世界勞動力，而反之，對提高產量的限製得以解釋了為什麼教育發展得沒有那麼快。由此可見，提高產量優先於發展教育，故C為正確答案。而A,D的表達不符合文章的中心;B項的意思和文意相反。
Text 4
36.【B】事實細節題目。意為：作者認為在17世紀的新英格蘭 。
B為正確選項。A選項為原文的篡改。C選項從原文的表述中無法推出。D選項文章中沒有提到「對於知識的追求享有自由的環境」
37.【B】推理判斷題。意為：第二段中暗示出新到達英格蘭的人
B為正確選項，新到達清教徒帶著舊世界的文化。些段中的第二句提到，we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture……，選項中的New Englanders對應文中的Puritans, brought with them the culture of the Old World對應該文章中的carriers of European culture，故此選項為此句中的同義替換。
38.【D】事實細節題。意為：早期到達馬薩諸賽海灣的牧師和政治領導人
D為正確選項為新英格蘭創造了新的知識環境。對應第三段中的最後一句話There men wrote and publish ed extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. A選項中in the new world縮小了原文所表述的范圍，B選項在文章中沒有提到，C選項不夠全面。幫D為正確答案。
39.【A】例證題。意為：關於John Dane的故事表明受教育較少的新英格蘭人 。
A為正確選項舉例是為了說明文中的觀點，由文章第四段可知，觀點為their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality，所以在四個選項中只有A選項和文章的觀點最為符合。
40.【C】推斷題。意為：從文章中可以看出到新英格蘭的早期的定居者 。
C為正確選項，能過全文可看出來到英語蘭早期的定居者，有政客、牧師、裁縫還有漁由此可見早期的定居者背景多種多樣。
Part B
一.文章結構分析
本文是一篇文化類的文章，主要講的是文化發展過程中的各種關於文化的理論。
第一段講的是Herbert Spencer的「生物和文化進化理論」。
第二段講的是Lewis Henry Morgan的「文化進化理論」。
第三段可以看到，Franz Boas提出了一種「歷史特殊論(historical particularism)」，它強調所有文化的唯一性。
第四段還是講了Franz Boas的理論。
第五段我們除了看到「歷史特殊論(historical particularism)」外，還看到一種「diffusionism」理論和「diffusionists」這一種人。
第六段，Émile Durkheim提出了一種文化理論，他認為宗教信仰有助於加強社會團結。
二.試題具體解析
通過分析文章我們可以看到，文章就是圍繞著這幾種理論展開討論的，文章層次很清晰，
而空格出現的位置一律都是段落的末尾，這樣我們可以分析，所有的選項內容應該與段落前面的內容有密切的聯系。
我們先大體瀏覽一下各個選項的內容。
選項A主要介紹了什麼叫「diffusionism」， 即它認為文化的革新有一個唯一的起源，並且在社會之間傳遞。因為第5段出現了diffusionism，所以我們可以判斷，選項A肯定出現在44題之前。而且other anthropologists的出現提示，前文可能出現了anthropologist這一詞，那我們回到原文中找各個人的職業，就可以看到整篇文章提出的4個主要理論家中，只有Lewis Henry Morgan和Franz Boas的職業是anthropologist，所以，我們暫時把答案A鎖定在42和43之間。
選項B的大體意思是：為了盡可能全面的了解特殊的文化，(particular cultures是關鍵詞)，他對語言學和身體人類學都很熟悉。回到文章，我們在第3段找到了the uniqueness of all cultures, 我們可以斷定，這個選項中的he指的就是Franz Boas。那Boas在第3段和第4段都出現過，所以我們把選項B鎖定在43和44。
選項C的意思是，人類的進化有這樣一個特徵，就是「survival of the fittest」適者生存，並且解釋了種族和社會的適者生存觀念。因為第一段講的是Herbert Spencer的「生物和文化進化理論」。並且出現了Charles Darwin，我們都知道Charles Darwin提出了生物界的適者生存，而這里說人類社會的進化也有適者生存這一特徵，所以，我們可以首先確定41的答案是選項C。
選項D的關鍵詞是important rituals重要的禮儀和initiation ceremonies和一些典禮，我們在文章中並沒有發現有這方面的內容，所以暫且擱置。
選項E說，在他看來，不同方面的文化diverse aspects of culture，例如……，隨著社會的進化都改變了。我們在讀文章的時候，一定要把每一段的關鍵詞劃出來，以利於和選項中的關鍵詞對應。讀第二段的時候，文章說，在他的作品裡，他盡量說明了how aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies. 這跟選項E的內容不謀而合。所以，我們可以斷定，42題的答案為選項E。因為前面把答案A鎖定在42和43之間，而42題的答案為選項E，所以確定選項A為43題的答案。確定了43題答案為A，因為之前我們把選項B鎖定在43和44，所以排出了43，我們把選項B鎖定在44題。
選項F我們可以看到一個關鍵詞functioning，這個詞在第6段出現過，所以，我們暫且擱置不管。
選項G是一個例子，如果是答案的話應該是用來補充說明前面的觀點的，它說，由於信息缺乏，這兩位人類學家提出農耕等這些都是起源於古埃及，並且傳播到世界各地。事實上，所有這些文化發展在世界不同地方的不同時期都曾分別出現過。通過分析這個例子，我們可以知道，這是兩種不同的觀點的比較。 在第五段我們除了看到「歷史特殊論(historical particularism)」外，還看到一種「diffusionism」理論和「diffusionists」這一種人。正好是兩種理論的對比，所以我們可以把45題的答案輕松的定位到選項G。
這樣我們初步確定了答案，41的答案是選項C，42題的答案為選項E，43題的答案為選項A，44題的答案為選項B，45題的答案定位到選項G。
最後代入選項，通讀全文，檢查文章邏輯順序和流暢程度。
Part C
46. 本句考點：賓語從句，of 短語作定語，代詞指代， but引導並列句
結構分析：句子主幹是：it may be said that…, but this effect… its effect及its original motive.中it在句中指代social institution。
參考譯文：可以說，任何社會制度的價值在於它對擴大和改進經驗方面的影響，但是這種影響並不是它原來的動機的一部分。
47. 本句考點：強調句，分詞結構作後置定語, 省略
結構分析：強調句的正常語序是：the by-proct of the institution was noted Only graally, and this effect …was only still more graally (noted). considered as a directive factor in the conct of the institution作this effect的後置定語。
參考譯文：一種制度的副產品，只是逐步被注意到的，而這種效果被視為實施這種制度的一個指導性因素更加緩慢得多。
48. 本句考點：比較狀語從句，動賓分隔
結構分析:本句主幹是while引導的一個比較狀語從句。in our contact with 作為一個插入成分，分隔了ignore和它的賓語the effect of…。
參考譯文：在和他們(年輕人)接觸的時候，雖然容易忽略我們的行動對他們的傾向的影響，但是也不像與成年人打交道那麼簡單。
49. 本句考點：since引導的原因狀語從句，代詞指代，賓語從句，賓語從句嵌套定語從句。
結構分析：本句主幹是Since… we cannot help considering…其中whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability作cannot help considering的賓語，which will secure this ability作為嵌套定語從句修飾the powers。
參考譯文：既然我們的主要任務在於使年輕人參與共同生活，我們禁不住考慮我們是否在形成獲得這種能力的力量。
50. 本句考點：插入語，定語從句，同位語從句
結構分析：within the broad ecational process which we have been so far considering 作為插入語，which we have been so far considering為定語從句修飾process，本句主幹是：We are thus led to distinguish a more formal kind of ecation. that of direct tuition or schooling與a more formal kind of ecation 是同位語關系。
參考譯文：因此，我們可以在上面所考慮的廣闊的教育過程之內區別出一種比較正規的教育，即直接的教導或學校教育。
Section III Writing
51.
09年小作文要求寫一封建議信，相比07年建議信要求更加具體，且話題更為熟悉。考生對這個話題可寫的東西比較多。且在平時大作文的訓練中考生都接觸過不少表達觀點看法和提出建議的方法，尤其在環境保護方面的建議措施接觸的更多，因此這篇小作文題材是大家非常熟悉的，難度適中。
52.
09年大作文仍然是圖畫式作文，題目要求與往年基本相同。寫好這篇作文主要在於兩點：第一，描述圖畫。圖片描寫可能會給一部分考生造成困難，這一點要看學生平時的積累。第二，寓意理解。題目圖片看似簡單，實則抽象。揭示主題需結合中文提示「網路的近與遠」，即網路為人們的生活帶來的便利以及不便。這一主題比較貼近現代生活，也是當今大學生熟悉的話題：網路雖然非常便利，讓人與人足不出戶就可以相互聯系，但是人與人之間的直接聯系卻變得稀少了。
3. 2009年高考英語試題 答案 詳解
2009年高考英語試題全國2卷（含答專案屬）
http://www.sqabc.net/ziyuanxiazai/html/?100.html
4. 09年的考研英語真題閱讀第四篇中的一句，求翻譯求詳細講解
據許多書籍和文章，新英格蘭的領袖們建立了一個展開的基本主題和關注，美國知識分子生活中佔主導地位的清教傳統。
望採納！
5. 2009年英語專業八級真題標准答案
聽力：
Section A
1.place 2. if it had never been heard before 3. 答案不詳4. what you did. 5.discussion 6. A common mistake 7. In reality 8. that you obtained 9.Attention 10.Undertaking of project in lack
Section B and C
1-5 CBAAA 6-10 BBAAA
閱讀
11-15 CACDA 16-20 DCB19自選B
21-25 BDD24自選B 26-30 CCDDD
General knowledge
31-35 DBACD 36-40 BCDCA
改錯
1.the改a 2. passd改based 3. their改his 4. it去掉 5. therefore 改however 6. the 去掉7. 答案不詳8.答案不祥 9.live改alive 10. to 去掉
翻 譯
Cell phone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads 「close your handset|.」 However, the rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and has few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our 「thirst for socialization.」 We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.
我們人類，正面臨全球性的危機，我們的生存和文明受到威脅。盡管我們聚在一起共商對策，而災難卻在擴大，形式不容樂觀。但也有令人欣 喜的消息：如果行動大膽果斷，反應迅速，我們有能力解決這場危機，避免其向最壞的方向發展。
但是，時下世界上的許多國家領導人可以用當年溫斯頓·丘吉爾批評歐洲諸政要忽視阿道夫·希特勒的名言來形容，「它們在奇怪的悖論中前 行，僅僅為一個決定而猶豫不決，有了決心卻拖泥帶水，信心猶疑不定，見解隨波逐流，掌權者虛弱無力。」
而如今我們向這個星球脆弱的大氣層傾倒超過七千萬噸溫室氣體，把其當作天然排污口。明天我們還會變本加厲，堆積的溫室氣體吸納了越來 越多的太陽熱度。
作 文
China's State Administration of Radio Film and Television (SARFT) recently issued a notice banning domestic radio and TV stations from translating foreign radio and TV programmes into any local dialect. The notice said that such dialect translation contradicts the national initiative to promote Putonghua, or Mandarin, around the country. Foreign programmes that have been translated into dialects must be removed from television and radio immediately. The notice evoked a mixed response from experts and audio and video procers, as well as the general public. Many voiced their concerns that local dialects would be fornidden in public places. Mandarian, which means 「common language」, is the country's predominant language and is widely used by more than 70 percent of the population. However, local dialects still enjoy pupularity for relatively less-ecated people in some occasions. The dialects do make unique role and should be tolerated for existence in public places.
Though promoted widely in public places, dialects are acceptable in public places. First, it is more than a mere tool for communication. It is, most importantly, the messenger of its respective culture. If the dialect was eliminated from daily use, the culture will be broken. Second, Mandarian can absorb the elit part of local dialect to enrich its vovabulary and usuge. This is the perfection of Mandartian from thousands of years blend and contact. The dialects can also be popular in the public. Along with the famous short play by comic actors in NE China, the local dialect came into the splotlight, and enjoyed more pupulatity throughout China. Such a cultural phenomenon represents the audience an attitude to local dialects which cater to the taste of the majority. Third, dialect is the only mean of communication to some underecated local people. If local dialects are fobbiden in the public places, they can not communicate.
To sum up, local dialects should be tolerated in public places for its unique role which Mandarian can not substitute. We should guartee its survival because dialects stand for our spiritual land. From a long-term perspective, dialects should not and would not be wiped out. There is no need for any purposeful and deliberate attempt to protect dialects. Just let dialects take their natural course. The best way to protect a dialect is to use it in daily life and pass it down from generation to generation
6. 09年英語專四答案詳解
聽寫答案（來自於網路，僅供參考）
For many people in the west, New Year』 Eve is the biggest party of the year. It』s time to get together with friends or family and welcome the coming year. New Year』s parties can take place in different places. Some people hold a house party; others attend street parties, while some just go for a few drinks with their friends. Big cities have large and spectacular fireworks displays. There is one thing that all New Year』s Eve parties have in common--- the countdown to midnight. When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs. It』s also popular to make a promise in the New Year. This is called a New Year』s resolution. Typical resolutions include giving up smoking and keeping fit. However the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.
完形填空參考答案 (by Larry)
31. A detected 32. B and 33. B point 34. D with 35. C aches 36. C progress 37. C mechanical 38. D generally 39. B might 40. C developing 41. B that 42. A so 43. D transmission 44. C newly 45. B through 46. A. for 47. D. contract 48. C disease 49. B linger 50. C surfaces
完型填空全文：
Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was detected for the first time in February in Hanoi, and since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this point, there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.
Symptoms start with a fever over 100.4 degrees F, sometimes with chills, headache or body aches. Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might progress to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require mechanical ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease.
Most cases appear to have been passed through droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to contract the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the disease might spread through air, or that the virus might linger for two to three hours on doorknobs or other surfaces.
Symptoms generally begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it might take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to developing a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence that antibiotics, anti-viral medicines or steroids help, so doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to rece the risk of transmission.
Scientists aren't sure yet, but some researchers think it's a newly discovered corona virus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.
語法詞彙答案（by Larry）
51. CBDAB 56. ACBDD 61. ACBCD 66. ACCAD 71. BDCAD 76. BDACC
閱讀（來自於網路，僅供參考）
81-85 BADDC 86-90 ADBDB 91-95 CBDAC 96-100 CADBA
小作文 （來自於網路，僅供參考。僅修改了格式。）
April 18th, 2009
Dear Lily,
I know you』re looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. And I have just seen an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy on the campus. Since you』re good at English and like teaching, I think this job is very suitable for you. It will help you both earn some money and practice yourselves. So please think about it.
Sincerely,
Larry
學生今年考專四，因此我參考了網路的兩種不同的版本，制定了自己的答案。不能保證百分百對，但是至少98%是對的。其餘部分答案來自於網路。
去http://www.24en.com/tem/dynamic/2009-04-18/109179.html看影印的真題 。圖片形式，沒辦法黏貼過來。自己去看吧。