英語閱讀理解中的虛擬語氣

① 英語里的虛擬語氣是怎樣的

指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。（在英語中，語氣除了指語調以外，最主要的是通過動詞發生變化而表示不同語氣）
英語中的語氣分為三類：
陳述語氣（用於陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句）
祈使語氣（用於祈使句）
虛擬語氣（用於條件狀語從句、賓語從句等）
二、虛擬語氣
1） 虛擬語氣概念
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。
2） 在條件句中的應用
條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故採用虛擬語氣。
三、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法
1、真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句
eg If he doesn』t hurry up, he will miss the bus. ( 真實條件狀語)
If he was free, he would ask me to tell stories. （真實條件狀語）
If I were you, I would go at once. （非真實條件狀語從句）
If there was no air, people would die. （非真實條件狀語從句）
2、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式
① 表示與現在事實相反的情況
（條件）從句謂語動詞形式
主句謂語動詞形式
謂語動詞用過去式
（be用were）
should/would/could/might+動詞原形

eg：If I were you, I』d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。（事實：我不可能是你）
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的電話號碼，我就會告訴你。（事實：不知道）
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果沒有水和空氣，地球上就不會有生物。(事實：地球上既有空氣也有水)
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我帶錢了，我就會借給你些。（事實：沒帶錢）
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通過考試了。（事實：學習不用功）
②表示與過去事實相反的情況
從句謂語動詞形式
主句謂語動詞形式
Had+過去分詞
Should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞

eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。（事實：去晚了）
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。（事實：沒有聽我的話）
③表示對將來情況的主觀推測（可能相反或可能性很小）


從句
主語例句
If+主語+
① should+動詞② did
③were to do

(①通常與一個表示時間狀語連用)其 中were to do可能性最小，
should/would/could/might+動詞原形If it rained tomorrow our picnic
would be put off.
萬一那天下雨，我們的郊遊
就推遲。


eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天來這兒的話，我就跟他談談。（事實：來的可能性很小）
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我們就不能去滑冰了。（事實：不知能否下雪）
If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一來這兒的話，我就會告訴她這件事得始末。
四、虛擬語氣的其他用法
①、虛擬語氣用在wish 後的賓語從句
a、表示與現在事實相反的願望，謂語動詞用過去式
eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實：我根本比不上你)
b、表示過去事實相反的願望，謂語動詞：had+v-ed
eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。（事實：原來不知道）
c、表示將來難以實現的願望
謂語動詞：should/would + 動詞原形
eg: I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我還能有一次這樣的機會。（事實：很難再有這樣的機會了）
②虛擬語氣用在suggest(建議)、insist(堅持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等動詞後的賓語從句中。
在這種用法中，無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態，從句的謂語動詞都用：「should + 動詞原形」或只用「動詞原形」。
如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He insisted that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He demand that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He ordered that we (should) take the teacher』s advice

② 英語中虛擬語氣有哪些類型

虛擬語氣就是中文中的 如果,假如,就是不一定存在的
例句：1.表示與現在事實相反

If I had enough money now ,I would lendit to you.

If I were you ,I would go to tell him the real feeling uponhim.

2.表示與過去事實相反

If he had taken your advice ,he wouldn't have made such abad mistake.

She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.

3.表示與將來事實相反

I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.

If he were to be given another chance to do it again,he could certainly achieve more.

1. 虛擬條件句的倒裝在虛擬條件句中,為了強調所假設條件的虛擬性,或突出說話人的一種主觀願望,虛擬條件句可用倒裝結構.虛擬條件句的倒裝是通過去掉if,把條件從句謂語中的助動詞、情態動詞或系動詞放在句首實現的.

2.錯綜時間條件句有時條件從句的動作和主句的動作發生的時間並不一致,這時謂語動詞的形式應根據它所要表示的具體時間來決定.

例如：If we hadn't been working hard inthe past few years ,things wouldn't be going so smoothly.

If the Party hadn 'tled the Chinese people to liberate the country,Chinese people would still live alife in pain and poverty.

3.含蓄條件句有時假設的情況並不以條件從句的形式表現出來,而是通過某個介詞或介詞短語（如：with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position
）、上下文或其它方式表現出來.這種句子稱為含蓄條件句.

例如：But for the help from you ,I would not have hadthe chance to go to college.

I would never mind you making such loud noises,but,you see,my baby is in a deep sleep.

It was so quiet ； you could have heard a pin drop.

虛擬語氣在某些從句中的運用在某些詞或短語後接的從句中要使用虛擬語氣,表示願望、建議或命令等.根據虛擬語氣的形式不同,虛擬語氣可以分為「should類」和「過去時態類」.

③ 請談談你對英語中虛擬語氣的理解。最好有例句分析說明。謝謝！

可以用來表達願望的語氣
例：I
wish
I
were
a
millionaire.
我要是有錢人（百萬富翁）該多好啊．
虛擬句子中時態相應向後推一格
希望令你滿意！

④ 英語中的虛擬語氣

耐心地把這看完，你會對虛擬語氣有個透徹的了解。

第一部分：語氣的定義和種類

1 語氣(mood)
語氣是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。
2 語氣的種類
⑴、陳述語氣：表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的，用於陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。如：
①There are two sides to every question.每個問題都有兩個方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老師啊！
⑵、祈使語氣：表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。如：
①Never be late again!再也不要遲到了。
②Don』t forget to turn off the light.別忘了關燈。
⑶、虛擬語氣：表示動作或狀態不是客觀存在的事實，而是說話人的主觀願望、假設或推測等。如：
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一隻小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通過考試。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！
虛擬語氣在語法里算得上是個難點。讓我們就從最簡單的開始吧。

第二部分：簡單句中的虛擬語氣

一、情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時，表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌、或委婉的語氣，常用於日常會話中。如：
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?請你告訴我去郵局的路好嗎？
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好別熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝願。
1、常用「may+動詞原形」表示祝願，但願，此時may須置於句首（多用於正式文體中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好運！
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快樂！
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝願你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝願我們的友情天長地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那個be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用動詞原形。例如：
(1).Long live the people! 人民萬歲！
(2).「God bless you,」said the priest.牧師說：「願上帝保佑你！」
(3).Have a good journey! 祝願你旅途愉快！
三、表示強烈願望。（該類型虛擬語氣謂語僅用動詞原形，第三人稱單數也不加「s」）
(1).God save me．
(2).Heaven help us．
四、表命令
1.命令虛擬語氣只能用在第二人稱(you)，而且通常省略主語(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感嘆號：！
3.虛擬語氣動詞用一般現在時態(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令語氣，可用助動詞do，加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虛擬語氣動詞Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虛擬語氣)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口語中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些習慣表達中。如：
(1).You』d better set off now.你最好現在就出發。
(2).I』d rather not tell you the secret.我情願不告訴你這個秘密。
第三部分：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
第一節：賓語從句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虛擬語氣
一、在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，常省去賓語從句的引導詞that。
一）、對現在情況的虛擬（與現在的事實相反）：
從句用過去式或過去進行式(時間上是同時的)。其句子結構為：賓語從句的謂語be和were(was)，實義動詞用過去式。例：
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 動詞過去式knew)我希望知道這個答案。(事實上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但願我的家鄉四季如春。(事實上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但願我是只小鳥。(事實上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,過去虛擬動詞understood)
現在他在中國，他希望能懂得中文。(事實上並不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不和我們在一起)
二）、對過去情況的虛擬（和過去的事實相反）：
用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結構為：賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時，或would, could, might+現在完成時。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我後悔不該浪費這么多時間。(事實上已浪費了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望沒有失去機會。(其實已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished，had + spoken)(事實上他並沒同我們講)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事實上已遲了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事實上並不如此)
例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動詞wish後面接從句，表達不可能實現或與事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式（表示現在發生的動作）或過去完成式（表示過去發生的動作）。本題後半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案
三）、對將來情況的虛擬(表示將來的主觀願望)：
從句動詞"would/should/could/might + 動詞原形"(時間上較後)(請注意：主句和從句的主語不相同)。用wish表示對將來事情的願望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虛擬動詞would+動詞原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事實上雨還在下著呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安靜一些。(事實上那傢伙還在吵著呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天會到。(事實上她還沒到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她會改變主意。(呵呵，女孩子可沒那麼容易就改變主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我們和他在一起，實際上還沒在一起)
四）、注意：
1.如果將wish改為過去式wished, 其後that 從句中的動詞形式不變。例如：
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那時沒有花掉那麼多錢就好了。
2. 如果that 從句中用would , 一般表示對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.

二、在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
由於這些動詞本身隱含說話者的主觀意見，認為某事應該或不應該怎樣，這些詞語後面的「that」從句應用虛擬語氣，且均以「should+動詞原形」表示這種語氣，但事實上「should」常被省略，故此從句中謂語動詞用原形，常用的此類動詞有：
表示「要求」的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示「提議、勸告、建議」的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示「決定、命令」的：decide, order
表示「主張」的：maintain, urge
表示「同意、堅持」的：consent, insist
例如：
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, 「The razor and water do the job. 」(當我建議他用刮鬍膏時，他說「剃刀和水就行了」。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他費了幾天功夫尋找理論根據，直到我建議拆開看看它是如何轉動的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English

⑤ 虛擬語氣在考研英語閱讀理解中怎麼理解

虛擬語氣，是指在一些場合里，當說話者談到自己的願望時，主觀想像某些回事有可能發生時，或建答議、要求某些事發生時，而面對卻與實際情況相反的情況，就需要藉助於虛擬語氣來表達他的這些心態。
虛擬從句中最主要的一種就是非真實條件從句，它是用來描述說話人想像的、非真實的情景，這些情景通常是不可能發生的，與客觀實際相反的，或發生可能性極小，只表示說是說話人的一種主觀願望、假想和建議等等。
一是我們知道與現在事實相反，if從句的謂語形式用did or were, 主句的謂語形式為would(should, might, could)+do;
二是與過去事實相反，從句用had done or had been ,主句則為would(should, might, could)+have done/been;
三是與將來事實相反，從句用were to do/should do,主句則用would(should, might, could)+do。
這三種最基本的虛擬語氣，其if從句中謂語動詞表示的動作與主句謂語動詞表示的動作發生的時間是一致的，即同為現在、過去或將來。
可以做做何凱文的 考研英語絕對考場最後六套題

⑥ 英語虛擬語氣用法（要全的，有例題）

由於虛擬語氣所涉及的內容比較廣，一些語法書對其的闡述也很繁雜，所以同學們在學習過程中很難掌握其用法，在使用過程中或考試時也很容易出錯。為了便於大家理解和記憶，筆者對虛擬語氣作了一個「新」歸納，供大家參考。

虛擬語氣的使用主要體現在三個方面：虛擬條件句、虛擬語氣在某些從句中的運用，以及虛擬語氣的一些特殊用法。

虛擬條件句

虛擬條件句就是對現實條件的一種虛擬假設，所假設的條件一般不符合事實或與事實相反或在現實中發生的可能性極小。根據時間的不同，虛擬條件句可分為三種，即與現在事實相反的虛擬條件句、與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句及與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句。具體情況請看下錶：

例句：

1.表示與現在事實相反

If I had enough money now ， I would lend it to you.

If I were you ， I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.

2.表示與過去事實相反

If he had taken your advice ， he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.

She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.

3.表示與將來事實相反

I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.

If he were to be given another chance to do it again， he could certainly achieve more.

1.虛擬條件句的倒裝

在虛擬條件句中，為了強調所假設條件的虛擬性，或突出說話人的一種主觀願望，虛擬條件句可用倒裝結構。虛擬條件句的倒裝是通過去掉if，把條件從句謂語中的助動詞、情態動詞或系動詞放在句首實現的。例如：

Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.

Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？

2.錯綜時間條件句

有時條件從句的動作和主句的動作發生的時間並不一致，這時謂語動詞的形式應根據它所要表示的具體時間來決定。例如：

If we hadn't been working hard in the past few years ， things wouldn't be going so smoothly.

If the Party hadn 't led the Chinese people to liberate the country，Chinese people would still live a life in pain and poverty.

3.含蓄條件句

有時假設的情況並不以條件從句的形式表現出來，而是通過某個介詞或介詞短語（如：with， otherwise， without， but for， in that position ）、上下文或其它方式表現出來。這種句子稱為含蓄條件句。例如：

But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college.

I would never mind you making such loud noises， but， you see， my baby is in a deep sleep.

It was so quiet ； you could have heard a pin drop.

虛擬語氣在某些從句中的運用

在某些詞或短語後接的從句中要使用虛擬語氣，表示願望、建議或命令等。根據虛擬語氣的形式不同，虛擬語氣可以分為「should類」和「過去時態類」。

一、should類

這一類的虛擬語氣是通過從句中的謂語動詞使用「should +動詞原形」體現出來的，should可以省略。其具體運用體現在：

1.在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建議、命令、要求、意見的動詞後接的賓語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。

如：

He suggests that she should leave the house at once.

The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.

He proposed that we （should） deal with the problem by the view of development.

2.與suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等動詞相對應的名詞suggestion， order， demand ， proposal 等後的表語從句或同位語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。如：

The general sent the order that the battle（should） be held on untilthe complete failure of the enemy.

My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.

3.在It is/was suggested （ordered ， demanded ， proposed ， etc. ） 結構以及necessary ， essential， important， strange， natural等形容詞後的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。如：

It's requested that we （should） keep the stability of the society for the people's peaceful life.

It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately.

二、過去時態類

英語中，還有一些詞或短語後接的從句或句子，也要使用虛擬語氣，虛擬語氣是通過句中的謂語使用過去的某種時態（如：一般過去時、過去完成時等）來體現的。

1. wish ， would rather 後的賓語從句。如：

He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.

I would rather you could teach me again.

2. as if， as though引導的從句。如：

The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.

He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.

3.由if only （要是……，那該多好啊！）引導的驚嘆句。如：

If only I had passed the test ！

If only it stopped raining！

4. It is（about/high） time 後的定語從句。如：

It is time we went out for a walk.

It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.

虛擬語氣的其它用法

在英語中，一些表示建議、請求、勸告、願望、祈禱、祝福或詛咒的句子，也需要使用虛擬語氣。如：

Would you mind smoking here ？

May you be lucky！

Long live the people of China ！

God save me.

⑦ 英語中的 虛擬語氣怎麼用

如果你想表達一個虛擬的意思，即非真實的情況那麼就要用虛擬語氣了。現在的英語中專有三種表虛擬的：一種是屬BE型，即用動詞原形，二是WERE型，不管主語是什麼人稱，謂語動詞都是用were，還有一種就是混合情況了，比如說it's time that+clause等clause分句中的謂動就要用一般過去時了。像這種特殊的情況還很多，這就要靠自己的積累了。

⑧ 高考英語虛擬語氣用法總結

一.概念: 動詞虛擬語氣表示說話人的願望, 假設, 猜測, 建議, 請求, 意圖, 設想等未能或不可能成為事實的情況, 或者在說話人看來實現可能性很小的情況, 而不表示客觀存在的現實

二.虛擬語氣的表現形式: 通過句中謂語動詞的特殊形式來表現. 這些特殊形式與謂語動詞的某些時態相同, 但它們只表示語氣, 而不表示時態, 但含有一定的時間概念

虛擬語氣的用法

一.虛擬語氣在簡單句中的用法: 謂語動詞用原形或may +動詞原形

1.表示祝願

a. Long live our country.

b. May you succeed.

c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法: (使用虛擬語氣的含條件句的復合句稱為真實條件句)

1.表示與現在事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用動詞的過去式 (be動詞的過去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might +動詞原形 (should多用於第一人稱, would多用於二三人稱, could / might可用於所有人稱)

a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.

b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.

c. If they didn』t take exercises every day, they wouldn』t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.

e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.

2.表示與過去事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用had done形式, 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might + have done的形式

a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday』s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher』s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示與將來事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語形式是: ①.完全動詞過去式 (be的過去式通常用were); ②.should +動詞原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③種情況都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的謂語的形式是: should / would / could / might +動詞原形

a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中用法的幾個變體:

1.條件從句省略if: 在書面語中, 如果條件從句中的謂語中有were, had, should等詞, 可將if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首

a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略條件從句或主句, 省略部分的含義仍有所體現. 省略主句時, 表示己不能實現的願望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).

b. I wouldn』t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起該多好啊)

d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主從句時間不一致時, 主從句謂語動詞的形式取決於要表示的具體時間

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn』t trained so hard, she wouldn』t be able to run so fast.

4.假設的條件不以條件從句, 而以其他方式如介詞短語、從句等表達出來, 這種句子稱為含蓄條件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars?

b. Without music, the world would be a ll place.

c. We could have done better with more money.

d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

四.虛擬語氣在as if / though從句中的用法:

1.表示與現在事實相反或對相在情況有所懷疑, as if / though從句謂語用過去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示與過去事實相反的情況, as if / though從句謂語用過去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虛擬語氣在含even if / though從句的復合句中的用法:

在此類復合句中, 若表示與事實相反, 可用虛擬語氣形式. 主從句的謂語動詞形式與非真實條件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法:

如果表示說話人的看法, 想法或意見, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that從句中, 主語從句中可用虛擬語氣. 主語從句中謂語動詞用should do表示現在或將來情況, 用should have done表示過去情況

a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.

b. It is important that you should take the doctor』s advice.

c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.

七.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法:

1.在wish的賓語從句中, 通常表示不可能實現或沒有實現的願望, 常用虛擬語氣

①.wish的賓語從句用過去式, 表示現在或將來沒有實現或不可能實現的願望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.

b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you.

d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的賓語從句用過去完成式, 表示過去沒有實現或不可能實現的願望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.

b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的賓語從句若用would, 則一般表示請求, 對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變

a. I wish the prices would come down.

b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful.

d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在動詞suggest (建議), advise (建議), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (堅持)後的賓語從句中, 謂語動詞常用( should )+動詞原形的虛擬語氣形式

a. I suggested that we should go there at once.

b. I demand that he should answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.

d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.

與名詞suggestion建議 / advice 建議 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有關的從句(包括同位語從句和表語從句等)中的謂語也用 ( should ) +動詞原形

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill』s suggestion that everybody should have a map.

d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.

八.虛擬語氣用在句型: It is time that(該做某事了)中: that從句中的謂語動詞用過去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中: 表示但願, 要是就好了, 其中謂語形式與wish的賓語從句相同

a. If only he didn』t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn』t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor』s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor』s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虛擬語氣用在would rather / prefer後的that從句中: 表示現在或將來情況謂語動詞用過去時形式, 表示過去情況動詞用過去完成時形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday.

b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

c. I would rather that he painted the house blue

⑨ 英語中的虛擬語氣是什麼意思

搞定虛擬語氣大總結

老師叮嚀：想要提高閱讀理解，詞彙量是關鍵！下面的11個例句都是歷年真題中最常出現的、最值得同學們優先理解的虛擬語氣考點！經過了全網首席高考英語名師李輝老師團隊高度認真的整理校對，無錯、可信！可供全國各省高中生列印、學習、背誦！

輝哥說：請記住，語法=語義，語法不同的背後是意思不一樣。英語的語法是由意思所決定的，是否使用虛擬語氣取決於意思而不取決於有什麼短語或者提醒詞。如果一句話不是真實的（不存在於真實的世界中），而是你虛擬出來的（只存在於你的腦海中）， 這句話就要用虛擬語氣來表達。

1.虛擬條件句

①現在

If I had time,I would go to shanxi to see the 11thNational Games.

如果我有時間，我就會去陝西看第十四屆全運會。

從句謂語形式：動 詞 的 過 去 式 (be用 were)

口訣：主過從過

②過去

If it had not rained so heavily yesterday,we would have watch Mulan.

昨天如果沒下大雨的話，我們就看了《花木蘭》了。

從句謂語形式：had+ 過去分詞

口訣：主過完從過完

③將來

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow,we would change our plan.

如果明天下雨了，我們就更改計劃。

從句謂語形式：動 詞 的 過 去 式 /should + 動詞原形/were to+ 動詞原形

口訣：主過將從should /were to

注意：虛擬語氣的世界裡沒有 was

④錯綜時間條件句

IfI had followed the father』s advice,I would be quite all right now.

如果我當時聽爸爸的話，我現在就會好了。（從句說過去，主句說明現在，從句和主

句的形式與各自時態的條件句一致）

2.命令類

I suggested that she（should）visit her parents.

我建議她應該看看她的父母。

表達和建議、要求、命令、主張等含義相關的名詞性從句，一律用主語+should+動詞原形（should可以省略）結構。具體涉及到這些動詞以及它們的名詞形式：

一堅持：insist（表要求時才用虛擬語氣）

二命令：order, command

三要求：require, request, demand

四建議：suggest, advise, propose, recommend

3.虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中的應用

①as if/as though彷彿/好像從句謂語使用虛擬語氣，降時態

He talks as if he knew all about it.

他說起來好像知道這件事的全部一樣。

②It』shigh/abouttime that+定語從句從句謂語使用過去式或者should+原形

It』s high time that we discussed/should discuss who to do it.

我們是時候去討論一下誰來做這件事了。

③even if/even though盡管從句謂語使用虛擬語氣，降時態

Even though she had been here very soon,she would not catch the plane.

盡管她很快就到這兒，她也趕不上飛機。

4.wish /if only如果...就好了

If only I were an alt.如果我是成年人就好了。

I wish she could love me.如果她愛我就好了。

5.should/would like to have done,was/were to have done,was/were supposed to have done,had better have done,would/had rather have done等結構表示「本想、本該做而未做成」。

I would like to have gone with you,but I have no time.

我本來想和你一起走，但沒有時間。

例題：

1.【2015·江蘇】It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schele.

A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known

【答案】D

【解析】試題分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能會省去我一些麻煩。根據題干中might have saved可知主句是對過去的虛擬，從句應用if I had known與主句保持一致。if虛擬條件句中含有had時，可將if省去，同時將had提前構成倒裝結構。故選D項。虛擬語氣重要做題原則：根據題干中主句或從句中動詞形式判斷所考查的動詞的虛擬時間，一般要保持一致，但要注意錯綜時間虛擬語氣要根據各自所表示的虛擬時間做出調整。另外，當 if 條件句中含有助動詞 had,should或were時，可以省略 if，而將 had, should或 were提到句首，從而構成倒裝虛擬條件句。

2.【2018·江蘇】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.

A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：在這個村裡有很好的社交生活，並且我希望我再有機會去更多的參與。本題考查wish引導的賓語從句，表示與現在事實相反的願望，所以從句用一般過去時。故選A。

3.【2018·北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.

A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果他們多開幾公里的話，他們也許會找到一個更好的旅館。由「they might have found a better hotel」可知，該句是表示對過去的虛擬。if ____ a few more kilometers是條件句部分，表示對過去的虛擬，條件句部分要用過去完成時態，故D選項正確。

4.【2018·天津】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach

A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我們昨天趕上飛機的話，現在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據時間狀語yesterday可知，從句表示與過去事實相反，故用had+v-ed。故選A。

5.【2017·北京卷】34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put

【答案】A

【解析】主句是對過去的虛擬。

6.【2015·陝西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.

A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced

【答案】C

【解析】試題分析：句意：Ellen是一個很棒的舞蹈演員。但願我能和她跳得一樣好。I wish「但願」後面接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，和現在相反用一般過去時，所以選C。

7.【2014·重慶卷】It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as ifI _______ it?

A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing

【答案】A

【解析】試題分析：題意：John打壞了窗戶，為什麼跟「我」談話？好像是「我」打壞了窗戶似的。題中broke表明「打壞窗戶」發生在「過去」。as if/though後面的從句用had done表示對「過去」的虛擬。故A項正確。

8.【2014·福建卷】no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been

【答案】A

【解析】試題分析：對現在情況的虛擬，條件句中用一般過去時，主句用 would/ should/ might/ could+動詞原形。虛擬條件句中有had, should, were時，可以將if去掉，然後把had, should, were提到主語前面。所以選A。句意：如果沒有現代的通信，我們將會等上幾周的時間才能得到來自世界的新聞。

9.【2014·湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to

the people there.

A. were B. had been C. should be D. was

【答案】B

【解析】試題分析：考查虛擬語氣用法。本題考查的是if條件從句與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故從句用had +v-ed，主句用would/could/should/might+v-ed。句意：如果Dewey先生在場的話，他會提供那裡人們的任何可能的幫助。故B正確。