1. 關於西方國家節日文化、習俗的英語文章。
每年的12月25日,所有基督教國家的人們都歡慶聖誕節。一般認為聖誕節是耶穌誕生的日子。但是現在許多風俗和習慣都已超出了宗教意義。聖誕節季節在12月25日之前的5、6個星期就已經開始了。在這一時期總會出現一個購物潮,它是店主的快樂節日。
Christmas is the biggest festival in the western world, which people all over the Christian countries celebrate. It is on the 25th day of each December. Christians consider it as the birthday of Jesus Christ. But now many customs and habits are beyond religious meaning, The Christmas season begins five or six weeks before the exact holiday. There is always a shopping boom ring this period., it』s really a happy season for shop owners.
2. 關於西方的節日(中英文都要)
香水節
1月12日
父親節
六月第三個星期日
情人節
2月14日
友誼節
8月2日
寵物節
2月1日
教師節
9月10日
國際婦女節
3月8日
花周
9月19日
愚人節
4月1日
老闆節
10月16日
讀者節
4月25日
心肝寶貝節
10月16日
秘書節
4月26日
萬聖節
10月31日
國際勞動節
5月1日
世界足球日
10月26日
護士節
5月12日
感恩節
11月最後一個星期四
母親節
五月第二個星期日
美國選舉日
11月2日
健身節
5月25日
光明節
12月22日
國際兒童節
6月1日
聖誕節
12月25日
一、元旦( New Year's Day, 1月1日)
我們通常說得"陽歷年"就是元旦,它源於西方國家,現在已成為全世界的公共假日。
二、 情人節( Valentine's Day, 2月14日)
西方國家民間的傳統節日。
三、 愚人節( April Fool's Day, 4月1日)
在這天我們可以與親朋好友開個玩笑或瞎編話,欺騙、捉弄他們而不會受人指責。
四、 五朔節( May Day, 5月1日)
這天是以英語為母語的人舉行慶祝活動的日子。
五、 母親節( Mother's Day, 5月的第2個星期日)
英美人為了感謝母親一年所付出的辛勞而規定的節日,現在以被大多數國家接受。
六、 父親節( Father's Day, 6月的第3個星期日)
英美人為表達對父親的愛而設立了"父親節",子女們將在那天為父親買他最喜愛的禮品,並舉行宴會。
七、 獨立紀念日( Independence Day, 7月4日)
這個節日是美國獨有的。
八、 萬聖節(Ha11owmas, 11月1日)
這是西方國家古老的傳統節日。
九、 感恩節( Thanksgiving Day, 11月第4個星期四)
為了感謝上帝的恩賜,美國人自發形成了這個傳統節日。
十、 復活節(Easter, 春分月圓後的第1個星期日)
這是西方基督教古老的傳統節日。
1月1日
新年(new year's day )
2月14日
情人節(valentine's day)
復活節前的星期五
耶穌受難日(good friday)
3月12日
復活節(easter)
復活節的下一個星期一
復活節星期一(easter monday)
4月1日。
愚人節(all fool's day)
5月的第二個星期日
母親節(mother's day)
6月的第三個星期日
父親節(father's day)
9月的第一個星期一
勞動節(labor day)
10月31日
萬聖節前夕(halloween)
11月的第四個星期四
感恩節(tanksgiviing day)
12月25日
聖誕節(chistmas day)
3. 關於東西方節日文化、禮儀文化的英文短文
在英語教來學實踐中,自文化差異及其對學生帶來的干擾主要表現在以下八個方面:
1.稱呼語
人教社JEFC教材Book 3 Lesson 14 The man upstairs中,出現過「I』m sorry to trouble you, comrade.」的道歉語。「comrade」是社會主義國家所特有的稱呼,在英語國家稱呼不知其名的陌生人常用Sir和Madam。如果我們和英語國家的人以comrade相稱,他們將會感到莫明其妙。
4. 中國傳統節日和西方節日的英語有關文章
情人節 Valentine's Day
The affectionate message might be carried by a heart - shaped box of chocolate candies, or by a bouquet of flowers tied with red ribbon. But in whatever form, the message is the same - "Will you be my valentine?"
二月十四日是一個復雜而又有趣的節日。你可以用一個心狀的盒子,裡面放上巧克力糖,來傳遞愛的信息,也可用綵帶紮上一束鮮花來傳遞--"你願做我的情人嗎?"
April Fool′s Day 愚人節
April Fool's Day is traditionally a day to play practical jokes on others, send people on fool's errands, and fool the unsuspecting. No one knows how this holiday began but it was thought to have originated in France.
愚人節是西方傳統節日,這一天人們可以相互開玩笑,愚弄別人。沒有人知道這個節日是怎麼起源的,但一般認為是首先從法國開始的。
復活節 Easter Day
Most English holidays have a religious origin. Easter Day occurs on the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox.It is originally the day to commemorate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.But now for most people, Easter is a secular spring holiday,
英國大部分節日都起源於宗教。復活節發生在過了春分月圓後的第一個星期日,原是紀念耶穌復活的日子。而現在對大多數人來說,復活節只是一個人們享受美好春光的普通節日。
萬聖節 Halloween Day
One story about Jack,who was not allowed into Heaven because he was stingy with his money. But down to the hell he played tricks on the Devil (Satan), so he was kicked out of Hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern.
關於萬聖節有這樣一個故事。是說有一個叫傑克的愛爾蘭人,因為他對錢特別吝嗇,就不允許他進入天堂,而被打入地獄。但是在那裡他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦,所以被踢出地獄,罰他提著燈籠永遠在人世里行走。
感恩節 Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving today is, in every sense, a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year' s bounty and reverently ask for continued blessings.
今天的感恩節是一個不折不扣的國定假日。在這一天,具有各種信仰和各種背景的美國人,共同為他們一年來所受到的上蒼的恩典表示感謝,虔誠地祈求上帝繼續賜福。
聖誕節 Christmas Day
「聖誕節」這個名稱是「基督愷撒」的縮寫。愷撒是教會的一種禮拜儀式。但是有很多聖誕節的歡慶活動和宗教並無半點關聯。交換禮物,寄聖誕卡,這都使聖誕節成為一個普天同慶的日子。
The name Christmas is short for "Christ's Mass". A Mass is a kind of Church service. Christmas is a religious festival. It is the day we celebrate as the birthday of Jesus.
5. 西方的節日 英文
1、愚人節(April Fool's Day / All Fool's Day)
愚人節是一個比較特殊的節日。時間是每年的4月1日(April 1st)。按照西方國家的習俗,在愚人節這一天,人們可以任意說謊騙人,愚弄他人。騙人越多,越能得到推崇。在愚人節受到愚弄的人被稱為 April Fool ( 4月愚人)。
2、聖誕節(Christmas)
聖誕節是基督教徒紀念耶穌基督(Jesus Christ)誕生 的日子,公認的日期是12月25日。聖誕節本是一個宗教性的節日,後來逐漸演變成一個具有民族風格的全民性的節日,在美國、英國、加拿大、德國、義大利、澳大利亞等西方國家,甚至非洲,東南亞一些國家都很盛行。
3、萬聖節(Halloween)
萬聖節的許多活動都與迷信有關。萬聖除夕的前一星期,孩子們在家長的幫助下開始准備鬼怪面具和望而生畏的服飾。入夜(萬聖除夕),當打扮得猙獰可怕的孩子們出現在家長面前時,家長要表示害怕,這樣孩子們會感到很快活。
4、復活節(Easter)
復活節是西方國家隆重而又盛大的宗教節日。復活節的清晨,當天邊剛抹上一縷晨略,婉轉而深沉的樂曲開始響徹晨空。在樂曲的感召下,基督教徒從四面八方湧向教堂、公園或公共廣場去迎接復活節的黎明,紀念基督耶穌的復活。
5、感恩節(Thanksgiving)
感恩節是美國人民獨創的一個古老節日,也是美國人合家歡聚的節日。 初時感恩節沒有固定日期,由美國各州臨時決定。直到美國獨立後的1863年,林肯總統宣布感恩節為全國性節日。
6. 求幾篇高中英語閱讀理解原文,內容要是介紹西方某個節日,文化,習俗方面的。
網路有相關文章加以修飾就OK啦
7. 英文 西方傳統節日
西方傳統節日簡介
Easter(復活節)
Easter is a time of springtime festivals. In Christian countries Easter is celebrated as the religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the son of God. But the celebrations of Easter have many customs and legends that are pagan in origin and have nothing to do with Christianity.
Traditions associated with the festival survive in the Easter rabbit, a symbol of fertility, and in colored Easter eggs, originally painted with bright colors to represent the sunlight of spring, and used in Easter-egg rolling contests or given as gifts.
復活節是春季的節日。在信基督教的國家裡,復活節是為紀念基督耶穌的復活而舉行的宗教節日。但是復活節有許多習俗和傳說的由來都是非宗教的,它們與基督教沒有任何關系。與節日密切聯系的一些傳統有象復活節的野兔,它是作為繁殖生長的象徵;還有復活節的彩蛋。最先是被繪以鮮亮的顏色來代表春天的陽光。這些彩蛋還可以用來玩滾彩蛋游戲比賽,或作為小禮物送人。
Thanksgiving(感恩節)
The first American Thanksgiving was celebrated in 1621, to commemorate the harvest reaped by the Plymouth Colony after a harsh winter. In that year Governor William Bradford proclaimed a day of thanksgiving. The colonists celebrated it as a traditional English harvest feast, to which they invited the local Wampanoag Indians.
Days of thanksgiving were celebrated throughout the colonies after fall harvests. All thirteen colonies did not, however, celebrate Thanksgiving at the same time until October 1777. George Washington was the first president to declare the holiday, in 1789.
第一個美國人慶賀的感恩節在1621年,為了紀念普利茅斯殖民地的人民在經過一個歉收荒蕪的冬季後迎來豐收。在那一年,州長William Bradford宣布那天作為感恩節。殖民者把它當成傳統的英國豐收節日來慶賀,在當天,他們還邀請當地的印地安的萬泊諾亞格人。感恩的節日延續了整個秋季的收獲季節,但其他的十三個殖民地沒有慶賀這個節日,直到1777年10月。喬治-華盛頓在1789年宣布把它定為節日,他也是第一位宣布感恩節的總統。
Valentine's Day(情 人 節)
The history of Valentine's Day -- and its patron saint -- is shrouded in mystery. But we do know that February has long been a month of romance. St. Valentine's Day, as we know it today, contains vestiges of both Christian and ancient Roman tradition.
So, who was Saint Valentine and how did he become associated with this ancient rite? Today, the Catholic Church recognizes at least three different saints named Valentine or Valentinus, all of whom were martyred. One legend contends that Valentine was a priest who served ring the third century in Rome. When Emperor Claudius II decided that single men made better soldiers than those with wives and families, he outlawed marriage for young men -- his crop of potential soldiers. Valentine, realizing the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius and continued to perform marriages for young lovers in secret. When Valentine's actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death. Other stories suggest that Valentine may have been killed for attempting to help Christians escape harsh Roman prisons where they were often beaten and tortured.
According to one legend, Valentine actually sent the first 'valentine' greeting himself. While in prison, it is believed that Valentine fell in love with a young girl -- who may have been his jailor's daughter -- who visited him ring his confinement. Before his death, it is alleged that he wrote her a letter, which he signed 'From your Valentine,' an expression that is still in use today. Although the truth behind the Valentine legends is murky, the stories certainly emphasize his appeal as a sympathetic, heroic, and, most importantly, romantic figure. It's no surprise that by the Middle Ages, Valentine was one of the most popular saints in England and France.
情人節的歷史充滿了神秘,但是我們知道,很久以來,2月就是一個浪漫的月份了。情人節既留有基督教的痕跡,又有古羅馬的傳統。情人節又稱聖瓦倫丁節。關於情人節有好多傳說。其中之一是,3世紀的時候,古羅馬的皇帝Claudius二世認為獨身的男子比有妻子、家庭的男子更善於打仗,於是他宣布婚姻是非法的,這也斷絕了士兵的來源。牧師Valentine意識到這條法令的謬誤,就公開反對,並且秘密為青年人主持婚禮。Claudius二世知道後就把Valentine處死了。
Fathers' Day(父 親 節)
In the 1900s, Fathers』 Day was created when Sonora Louise Smart Dodd wanted to express her deep appreciation to her own father, William Smart, who was widowed when his wife died at giving birth. Mr. Smart raised his six children on a rural farm in eastern Washington State. When Ms. Dodd was grown she wanted to show her appreciation to her father. So, in 1909, she proposed a day to honor her father in June (the month of her father's birth).
The very first Fathers' Day followed on June 19, 1910 in Spokane, Washington. In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge showed support of this becoming a national holiday. However, it wasn't until 1966 when President Lyndon Johnson officially proclaimed Fathers' Day a national holiday to be celebrated on the 3rd Sunday of June.
二十世紀初,蘇娜·路易絲·史墨·多德想要向他的父親威廉·史墨表達敬意,於是產生了父親節。她父親在他妻子難產而死以後,就一直鰥居。史墨先生在東華盛頓州的農庄中獨力撫養大六個孩子。當多德女士長大成人後,她覺得要向父親致敬。於是,在1909年她提議在六月里一天向父親表達敬意。(她父親在六月生日)。第一個父親節在1910年6月19日在華盛頓,史布肯慶祝了。1924年,卡文·柯立芝總統表示支持,並將此確立為國家的節日。然而,直到1966年,林頓·約翰遜總統才正式宣布六月的第三個星期天為父親節,在全國正式地慶祝。
Mothers』 Day(母親節)
The earliest Mother』s Day celebrations can be traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During the 1600's, England celebrated a day called "Mothering Sunday". Celebrated on the 4th Sunday of Lent. In the United States Mother』s Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace. By 1911 Mother's Day was celebrated in almost every state.
While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother』s Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother』s Day on the second Sunday of May.
最早的母親節慶祝可以追溯到古希臘的春天慶典,紀念眾神之母尤希。在17世紀,英國在四旬齋的第四個星期天慶祝一個稱為「母親周日」的節日。在美國,母親節最早在1872年,由朱麗婭·沃得·郝提出,作為一個關注和平的節日。到1911年,幾乎所有的州都慶祝母親節。
雖然世界各國的母親節在不同的時間,很多國家,如丹麥,芬蘭,義大利,土耳其,澳大利亞和比利時都在五月的第二個星期天慶祝母親節。
(註:《聖經·新約》中一個魔鬼試探耶穌的故事。說的是魔鬼把耶穌困在曠野里,40天沒有給耶穌吃東西,耶穌雖然飢餓,卻沒有接受魔鬼的誘惑。後來,為了紀念耶穌在這40天中的荒野禁食,信徒們就把每年復活節前的40天時間作為自己齋戒及懺悔的日子,叫做大齋節或者四旬齋(Lent)。據說,古希臘和古羅馬的木神節、酒神節都是它的前身。這40天中,人們不能食肉,娛樂,生活肅穆沉悶,所以在齋期開始前的一周或半周內,人們會專門舉行宴會、舞會、縱情歡樂。後來,這樣的一個日子逐漸演變成為一個宗教習俗節日,拉丁語中叫做「Carnevale」,意思就是:「告別肉食」。Carnevale在英文中被譯作Carnival(嘉年華或狂歡節)。如今已沒有多少人堅守大齋期之類的清規戒律,但傳統的狂歡活動卻保留了下來,成為人們一個重要節日。)
Boxing Day(禮盒節)
In England a long time ago…
Servants were required to work on Christmas. They were responsible for making the holiday run smoothly for wealthy landowners. They were allowed to take leave on December 26th and visit their families. The employers gave each servant a box containing gifts and bonuses. In addition, around the 800s' churches opened their alms boxes (boxes where people place monetary donations) and distributed the contents to poor.
In England today…
Few people have servants but the custom of giving gifts or money to those who provide service continues. It is also popular to visit grandparents and shop (the after Christmas discounts begin). Many people get the day off from work. Boxing Day is also celebrated in places where the English have settled like Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Our friends in Scotland tell us it is also celebrate there! Some places observe Boxing Day on December 26th and some celebrate it on the first weekday following Christmas, so, if Christmas falls on Friday or Saturday Boxing Day would be on the following Monday.
Now, the actual origin of this holiday is debatable and has been debated, one idea being more popular than the other at a given time.
以前,由於傭人們必須在聖誕節工作,所以他們被允許在節後的第一天休假。僱主們日久成習,往往准備一些禮盒,在傭人們回家之前送給他們。到了今天,擁有僕人的家庭已經稀罕得很。不過給服務行業的人贈送禮物的習慣還在繼續。
Halloween(萬聖節前夜)
Halloween is an annual celebration. The word itself, "Halloween," actually has its origins in the Catholic Church. November 1, "All Hollows Day" (or "All Saints Day"), is a Catholic day of observance in honor of saints One story says that, on that day, the disembodied spirits of all those who had died throughout the preceding year would come back in search of living bodies to possess for the next year. It was believed to be their only hope for the afterlife. The Celts believed all laws of space and time were suspended ring this time, allowing the spirit world to intermingle with the living.
Naturally, the still-living did not want to be possessed. So on the night of October 31, villagers would extinguish the fires in their homes, to make them cold and undesirable. They would then dress up in all manner of ghoulish costumes and noisily paraded around the neighborhood, being as destructive as possible in order to frighten away spirits looking for bodies to possess.
So, although some cults may have adopted Halloween as their favorite "holiday," the day itself did not grow out of evil practices. It grew out of the rituals of Celts celebrating a new year, and out of Medieval prayer rituals of Europeans. And today, even many churches have Halloween parties or pumpkin carving events for the kids.
Halloween這個詞本身來源於天主教. 11月1日, "All Hollows Day" (or "All Saints Day"),稱為萬聖節, 是用於舉行儀式尊敬聖人的天主教日.其中有一種說法是, 在那一天, 那些先前死去的還在飄浮的靈魂會回來為來年的復生找一些活人來附體. 他們認為這是轉世的唯一希望. 教徒們深信這段時間內所有的時間及空間都是被懸浮的, 以便於讓靈魂世界與我們的生活空間相混合. 活著的人自然不想被附身,所以10月30日的晚上, 村民會熄滅家中的火焰, 把家裡弄得很冷,沒人想來. 他們還會穿上各類象鬼一樣的服裝上街大聲的**, 盡可能的搞些破壞來嚇走那些想找人附體的鬼魂。因此, 盡管部分信徒可能已接受萬聖節前夕為他們最喜愛的節日, 但這一天本身並不是來源於邪惡的慣例,而是由於凱爾特人慶祝新年和中世紀歐洲人的祈禱儀式. 今天, 甚至在很多教堂都會舉行萬聖節前夕晚會或讓孩子們雕刻南瓜燈籠,到各家敲門玩TRICK OR TREAT的游戲。
April Fool's Day(愚人節)
Unlike most of the other nonfoolish holidays, the history of April Fool's Day, sometimes called All Fool's Day, is not totally clear. There really wasn't a "first April Fool's Day" that can be pinpointed on the calendar. Some believe it sort of evolved simultaneously in several cultures at the same time, from celebrations involving the first day of spring.
The closest point in time that can be identified as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. Prior to that year, the New Year was celebrated for eight days, beginning on March 25. The celebration culminated on April 1. With the reform of the calendar under Charles IX, the Gregorian Calendar was introced, and New Year's Day was moved to January 1.
However, in the days when news traveled by foot, many people did not receive the news for several years. Others, the more obstinate crowd, refused to accept the new calendar and continued to celebrate the New Year on April 1. These backward folk were labeled as "fools" by the general populace. They were subject to some ridicule, and were often sent on "fools errands" or were made the butt of other practical jokes.
1582年之前的法國,人們從3月25日開始慶祝新年,4月1日達到高潮。後來歷法改革,新年移到1月1日。然而在那個資訊很落後的年代,消息傳播是蝸牛速度。而且有些頑固人拒絕新的歷法,仍然在4月1日慶賀新年。其他的老百姓就把那些頑固的人稱為「傻瓜」,並且讓他們做些愚蠢的事情來取笑他們。
(以下補充的是美國的節日)
HOLIDAYS IN THE UNITED STATES
There are three types of holidays in the United States: political holidays, traditional holidays, and religious holidays. There are more political holidays than any other type. The most important political holiday is Independence Day, the fourth of July. On this day we celebrate our independence from Great Britain. Most people spend the day with their family and friends. Picnics and barbecues are very popular. In addition, almost every city and town has a fireworks display at night. Another very important political holiday is Memorial Day, which falls on the last weekend in May. On this holiday we commemorate all the soldiers who died for our country. Many towns and cities have parades, and some people go to cemeteries and put flowers or flags on the soldiers』 graves. A third important political holiday is Labor Day, which we celebrate on the first Monday in September. This is the day when we honor the workers of the United States. People watch parades, go on picnics, or go to the beach. For students, Labor Day is a bittersweet holiday, because when it is over they must begin school again. Besides these three political holidays, we also must begin school again. Besides these three political holidays, we also celebrate Presidents』 Day on the third Monday in February. On this day we commemorate the birthdays of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.
8. 求一篇西方節日文化習俗的英語文章
1月1日 元旦
1月第一個星期日 黑人日
1月最後一個星期日 國際麻風節(世界防治麻風病日) 1954
2月2日 世界濕地日
2月7日 國際聲援南非日 1964
2月10日 國際氣象節
2月14日 情人節
2月15日 中國12億人口日 1995
2月21日 反對殖民制度斗爭日 1949
2月24日 第三世界青年日
2月28日 世界居住條件調查日
3月1日 國際海豹日 1983
3月3日 全國愛耳日 2000
3月5日 中國青年志願者服務日
3月8日 國際勞動婦女節 1910 饒有情趣的世界婦女節
3月12日 中國植樹節 1979
3月14日 國際警察日(節)
3月15日 國際消費者權益日 1983
3月16日 手拉手情系貧困小夥伴全國統一行動日
3月17日 國際航海日
中國國醫節 1929
3月18日 全國科技人才活動日
3月21日 世界林業節(世界森林日) 1972
消除種族歧視國際日 1976
世界兒歌日
世界睡眠日
3月22日 世界水日 1993
3月23日 世界氣象日 1950
3月24日 世界防治結核病日 1996
3月最後一個星期一 全國中小學生安全教育日 1996
4月1日 國際愚人節
4月2日 國際兒童圖書日
4月7日 世界衛生日 1950
4月21日 全國企業家活動日 1994
4月22日 世界地球日 1970
世界法律日
4月23日 世界圖書和版權日
4月24日 世界青年反對殖民主義日 1957
亞非新聞工作者日
4月25日 全國預防接種宣傳日 1986
4月26日 世界知識產權日 2001
4月27日 聯誼城日
4月30日 全國交通安全反思日
4月第三個星期日 世界兒童日 1986
4月最後一個星期三 秘書節
5月1日 國際勞動節 1889
國際示威遊行日
5月3日 世界哮喘日
5月4日 中國青年節 1939
五四運動紀念日 1919
科技傳播日
5月5日 全國碘缺乏病防治日 1994
5月8日 世界紅十字日 1948
世界微笑日
5月12日 國際護士節 1912
5月15日 國際家庭(咨詢)日 1994
5月17日 世界電信日 1969
5月18日 國際博物館日
5月20日 全國母乳喂養宣傳日 1990
中國學生營養日 1990
5月26日 世界向人體條件挑戰日 1993
5月30日 "五卅"反對帝國主義運動紀念日 1925
5月31日 世界無煙日 1988
5月第二個星期日 母親節 1914
救助貧困母親日 1997
5月第三個星期二 國際牛奶日 1961
5月第三個星期日 全國助殘日 1990
6月1日 國際兒童節 1949
6月5日 世界環境日 1974
6月6日 全國愛眼日 1996
6月11日 中國人口日
6月17日 世界防止荒漠化和乾旱日
6月20日 世界難民日 2001
6月22日 中國兒童慈善活動日
6月23日 國際奧林匹克日 1894
世界手球日
6月25日 全國土地日 1991
6月26日 國際禁毒日(國際反毒品日) 1987
國際憲章日(聯合國憲章日)
6月30日 世界青年聯歡節
6月第三個星期日 父親節
7月1日 中國共產黨誕生日 1921
香港回歸紀念日 1997
國際建築日 1985
亞洲「三十億人口日」 1988
7月2日 國際體育記者日
7月7日 中國人民抗日戰爭紀念日 1937
7月11日 世界(50億)人口日 1987
7月26日 世界語(言)創立日
7月28日 第一次世界大戰爆發 1914
7月30日 非洲婦女日
7月第一個星期六 國際合作節
8月1日 中國人民解放軍建軍節 1927
8月6日 國際電影節 1932
8月8日 中國男子節(爸爸節) 1988
8月15日 日本正式宣布無條件投降日 1945
8月26日 全國律師咨詢日 1993
9月3日 中國抗日戰爭勝利紀念日 1945
9月8日 國際新聞工作者(團結)日 1958
世界掃盲日 1966
9月10日 中國教師節 1985
9月14日 世界清潔地球日
9月16日 國際臭氧層保護日 1987
9月18日 "九·一八"事變紀念日(中國國恥日) 1931
9月20日 全國愛牙日 1989
9月21日 國際和平日 2002 2002年以後
9月26日 快樂節日網建站日 2001
9月27日 世界旅遊日 1980?
9月第三個星期二 國際和平日 1981 1981至2001年
9月第三個星期六 全民國防教育日 2001
9月第四個星期日 國際聾人節 1958?
9月最後一個星期日 世界心臟日 2000?
世界海事日
10月1日 國慶節 1949
國際音樂日 1980
國際老人節 1990
10月2日 國際和平(與民主自由)斗爭日 1949
10月4日 世界動物日 1949
10月8日 全國高血壓日 1998
世界視覺日
國際左撇子日
10月9日 世界郵政日(萬國郵聯日) 1969
10月10日 辛亥革命紀念日 1911
世界居室衛生日
世界精神衛生日 1992
10月11日 聲援南非政治犯日
10月13日 中國少年先鋒隊誕辰日 1949
世界保健日
國際教師節
採用格林威治時間為國際標准時間日 1884
10月14日 世界標准日 1969
10月15日 國際盲人節(白手杖節) 1984
10月16日 世界糧食日 1979
10月17日 世界消除貧困日
10月22日 世界傳統醫葯日 1992
10月24日 聯合國日 1945
世界發展信息日
10月28日 世界"男性健康日" 2000
10月31日 世界勤儉日
10月第一個星期一 國際住房日 1982
10月第二個星期三 國際減輕自然災害日 1990
每年重陽節 中國老年節(義務助老活動日) 1989
11月8日 中國記者節 2000
11月9日 中國消防宣傳日(消防節) 1992
11月10日 世界青年節(日) 1946
11月14日 世界糖尿病日
11月17日 國際大學生節(國際學生日) 1946
11月21日 世界電視日 1996
世界問候日 1973
11月第四個星期四 感恩節
12月1日 世界艾滋病日 1988
12月2日 廢除一切形式奴役世界日 1986
12月3日 世界殘疾人日 1992
12月4日 中國法制宣傳日
12月5日 (經濟和社會發展)國際志願人員日 1985
世界弱能人士日
12月7日 國際民航日
12月9日 "一二·九"運動紀念日 1935
世界足球日 1995
12月10日 世界人權日 1950
12月11日 世界防治哮喘日 1998
12月12日 西安事變紀念日 1936
12月13日 南京大屠殺紀念日 1937
12月15日 世界強化免疫日
12月20日 澳門回歸紀念日 1999
12月21日 國際籃球日
12月24日 平安夜
12月25日 聖誕節
12月29日 國際生物多樣性日 1994
12月第二個星期日 國際兒童電視廣播日
◆◆◆ 陰 歷 節 日 ◆◆◆
正月初一 春節
正月十五 元宵節
二月初二 龍抬頭節
五月初五 端午節
七月初七 七夕情人節
八月十五 中秋節
九月初九 重陽節
中國老年節(義務助老活動日)
臘月初八 臘八節
臘月二十四 小年
9. 世界各國的節日風俗(英文)
美重要節日風俗
英美重要節日風俗
英美重要節日
January
1 New Year's Day (新年)
15 Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday
19 Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday Observed
February
12 Lincoln's Birthday
14 Valentine's Day (情人節)
16 President's Day
22 Washington's Birthday
25 Ash Wednesday
March
8 International Women's Day(國際婦女節)
17 St. Patrick's Day
April
1 April Fools Day (愚人節)
5 Palm Sunday
10 Good Friday
Arbor Day (植樹節)
11 Passover
12 Easter (復活節)
17 Orthodox Holy Friday
19 Orthodox Easter
22 Secretaries Day
22 Earth Day
May
6 Nurses'Day
7 National Day of Prayer
10 Mother's Day (母親節)
16 Armed Forces Day
25 Memorial Day Observed
30 Memorial Day
June
14 Flag Day (美國國旗紀念日)
21 Father's Day
July
4 Independence Day (美國獨立日)
August
2 Friendship Day
September
7 Labor Day
Grandparents Day
17 Citizenship Day
21 Rosh Hashanah
30 Yom Kippur
October
11 National Children's Day
12 Columbus Day
16 National Boss Day
17 Sweetest Day
24 United Nations Day
31 Halloween (萬聖節前夜)
November
3 Election Day
11 Veterans Day (退伍軍人節)
26 Thanksgiving
December
14 First Day of Hanukkah
25 Christmas (聖誕節)
26 First Day of Kwanzaa
生活在美國(二) 美國人的用餐習慣
美國人吃飯用刀叉,而且他們的用餐方式是很有講究的。因此,在應邀與美國朋友一起吃飯時,應特別注意他們的用餐習慣。一般情況下,餐桌上擺放有一幅餐刀和兩幅餐叉,外邊的餐叉供你吃色拉,里邊的餐叉用於吃主食和其它點心食品,餐刀用來切肉食。如果你兩手並用,應左手握叉,右手握刀,而且一次握刀時間不能太長。美國人的早餐有:炒或煮雞蛋、香腸、油炸土豆片、薄煎餅、果子凍、烤麵包、松餅、桔子汁以及咖啡等。
Eating Custom and Practice 用餐習慣
American eating is funny. They eat almost everything with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in one's right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.
The system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可笑), but it is considered good manners.
There are several results of this system. First, if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife, Americans don't use one, because obviously this greatly complicates(使復雜化) things, and you will therefore see them trying to cut things like potatoes, fish and even bacon(熏豬肉) with a fork. Second, towards the end of a course, since only one implement(器具) is being used, food has to bo chased around the plate with the fork — and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the food in place, although one is not supposed to do this.
Third, tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks, the outside fork being for the salad. There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only a fork, but if you do use your knife, remerber to save it for the meat course. Even desserts(甜食) (except ice cream) are eaten with a fork if at all possible, and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee (but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).
Some Breakfast Dishes 早餐食譜
Breakfast in a restaurant is a very enjoyable experience. If you order eggs in a restaurant, the waiter/waitress will ask you how you want them . You can reply that you want them "scrambled(炒)" or "boiled". It is not sufficient, however, to ask for them "fried"; you will have to specify whether you would prefer them "sunny-side-up" (煎一面), "over"(兩面煎), "over-easy/easy-over"(兩面煎,但蛋黃仍然呈流體狀).
American sausage(香腸) comes in slices and is quite spicy. But you can also have link sausage.
American bacon comes in small strips, can be rather fat, and is served crispy. It is usually very tasty, and you can eat it with your fingers.
"Hash brows"(油炸土豆片) are shredded(切成碎片的) and fried potatoes. They are wonderful, especially with fried eggs and ketchup(蕃茄醬).
"Pancakes", sometimes called "hot cakes", are made with baking power. They are normally served in a pile, and you are supposed to put butter and syrup(果漿) on them.
"Jelly"(果子凍) is jam and includes grape jelly, which is very tasty.
Toast is often served already buttered.
"English muffins(松餅)" are like small crumpets(烤餅) without the holes and are served toasted. You put jam on them.
A "biscuit"(軟餅) is a snall, scone-like bread roll, often served hot.Orange juice and coffee are often serced with breakfast.
生活在美國(三) 美國人的主食
美國人吃午餐和吃晚餐之前通常要喝點雞尾酒,但在加利福尼亞州,人們大都喝葡萄酒。吃主食之前,一般都要吃一盤色拉。炸磨茹和炸洋蔥圈可作為開胃食品,牛排、豬排和雞(腿)為主食,龍蝦、貝殼類動物以及各種魚類甚至包括淡水魚被統稱為海鮮。炸土豆條是深受人們喜愛而且幾乎成了必不可少的食物。另外應特別注意的一點,如有吃剩的食物,一定要打包帶回家,以免浪費。
Cocktail雞尾酒
It is quite usual to drink cocktails before lunch and dinner in America and somewhat less usual, except in California, to drink wine with a meal. You can either have a cocktail in the bar, if there is one, while you wait for a table or for friends, or you can have one served before your dinner comes. At some restaurants the waiter/waitress will come to your table as soon as you sit down to ask if you want a cocktail, and you can then drink this while deciding what to order to eat. At others, there may be a separate cocktail waiter or waitress. In this case, you do not normally order wine from him or her but from the normal waiter- or the wine waiter is there is one.
Do not hesitate to order Californian wines. They can be excellent and in many parts of the country are cheap.
Salad 色拉
It is usual to have a salad with your meal, and a separate plate is provided for this purpose. The normal practice in America is to eat the salad before the main course. A wonderful American invention is the salad bar. In restaurants that have these salad bars the waiter does not bring your salad. You go to the salad bar and help yourself, usually to as much as you want. This is normally done after you have ordered your meal; you eat the salad while the main course is being cooked.
Choosing from the Menu 選菜
American menus can look rather confusing at first sight, for they may use some terms which are unfamiliar to most vistors. Here are some points which may be useful.
Fried mushrooms, fried onion rings (洋蔥圈) and fried zucchini (小胡瓜) are sometimes served as starters (第一道菜).
Potatoes most often come "French-fried" or baked. If you order a baked potato, the waiter will ask you what you want on it. The choice is butter and/or sour cream and sometimes chives (細香蔥).
Very often vegetables do not come automatically with the meal, and you have to pay extra for them.
"Scrod" (小鱈魚), "red snapper" (嚙龜) and "mahi hahi" are all name of fish. "Seafood"means lobster (龍蝦), shellfish and fish, including,funnily enough, freshwater fish! Prawns (對蝦) are known as "shrimp".
American beef is usually good and often wonderful.
American salt and pepper (糊椒粉) pots are confusing until you realize that the salt pot may look like a pepper pot except that the salt pot's holes are bigger. Pepper is normally black rather than white. American mustard (芥末) is mild and normally eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers rather than meat.
And that stuff in a dish that looks ice cream is actually whipped (攪拌過的) butter.
Leftovers 吃剩的食物
You have probably heard that in American restaurants, if you can't finish your meal, you can put the remains in a "doggy bag" and take them home. This is quite true. If you leave some meat, in particular, your waiter may ask you if you'd like him to put it into "a little bag", or you can ask him to do this.
生活在美國(四) 美國用餐常識
中國菜著重色、香、味, 西餐講究實惠。初到美國餐館用餐,應該注意如下事項:
1)選擇合適的餐館(如:家庭式餐館、特色餐館以及自助式餐館等);
2)餐館營業時間(上午11:30開門營業,直到夜晚);
3)一般都應事先預訂餐位:
4)到達餐館後,不能徑直地到餐桌旁入桌,除非餐廳有「隨意就坐」的告示;
5)付款時,別忘了留給服務員一定比例的小費(一般為實際總額的10%~15%)。
Eating out is one of the joy of being in the USA. The food is usually good and often excellent; the prices are reasonable ; and the service is mostly fine.
Choosing a Restaurant 選擇餐館
Some restaurants are open for breakfast; others are open twenty-four hours a day. A number of restaurants call themselves "family restaurants". Many of these serve no alcohol and have fairly restricted menus which include steaks, hamburgers, omelettes(炒蛋) and sandwiches, and all are at very reasonable prices. They may also serve smaller and cheaper children's portios(份餐). Note that many American restaurants are "speciatly" restaurants . They may serve only, or mainly , steaks , seafood, etc.
When to Eat 供餐時間
Many restaurants, especially the more expensive ones, open at about 11:30 a.m.(midday, rather than 1 p.m. , is the most normal time for lunch in the USA), and some remain open until the evening, so it is possible to order a meal throughout the afternoon.
In many areas it is usual for people to leave work and go out for an evening meal at 5 p.m. or 6 p.m. , than waiting until later.
Reserving a Table 預訂餐位
Eating out is rather popular in the USA. And it is often necessary to make a reservation. You will sometimes see short queues of people waiting for tables at restaurants-it's more pleasant to wait in the bar , of course, if there is one-but there queues more quickly.
Arriving at Restaurant 到達餐館
When you arrive at most restaurant, you should not just go in and sit down-unless you see a sign saying "Please seat yourself" . Usually you will have to wait for a "hostess" or "captain"(領班) to escort(陪同) you to a table . Often there will be a sign that reads "Please wait to be seated".
Do not expect to share a table with other parties, even if the restaurant is crowed . It just isn't done.
Many restaurant have a no-smoking section, in some place by lows.
One excellent American custom is that after you have sat down your waiter or waitress will often bring you a glass or water(with ice naturally) and will keep on refilling it throughout the meal. (Most American are incapable of eating a meal without drinking something at the same time.)
When your waiter or waitress takes your order, it is not very normal for one person to order for the whole table. Each person orders separately , except in the most expensive restaurants.
Summoning a waiter 召喚侍者
You may find your waiter unusually friendly. He may ask you how you are (You're supposed just to say "Fine"), inquire whether you have a good day and , later on say that he hopes you will enjoy your meal.
To summon a waiter in a American restaurant you may call "Bill", or "Mary", or "Claude", or whatever. Waiters and waitresses often actually introce themselves when they first come to your table or wear name tags, you are permitted to use their first names.
Paying the Bill 付款
The bill (often called the "check") comes usually with tax added but no service chare-though some restaurant do now add a service charge. The etiquette(規矩) books say that you should leave a ten per cent tip(小費) for lunch, fifteen per cent for dinner. The tip should be calculated on the basis of the total before the addition of tax.
At many restaurant you can ask the waiter to bring the bill and than pay at a cash desk on the way out.
美國人種種
語言是文化的載體。美國不同階段的經濟文化變化都反映在語言中。隨著時代變化,新的詞語不斷應運而生。繼一次大戰後的「迷惘的一代」(Lost Generation)和二次大戰後的「垮掉的一代」(Beat Generation),又出現了「Baby Boomers」、「Yuppies」、「Dinks」、「Sandwich Generation」、「Couch Potato」、「Mall Rats」等等。
在第二次世界大戰期間,美國大約有一千三百萬人參加服役,其中許多人都沒有結婚。在戰後,他們紛紛組建家庭,生兒育女,因此在1946年至1964年這18年間,美國人口急劇增長,新生兒的人數共有七千八百萬。不久美國人就稱這一代為「Baby Boomers」。
這些「Baby Boomers」一改其父母對戰爭的「狂熱」,對生活採取務實的態度。他們要彌補戰爭給父母所造成的損失,他們勤奮工作,少生孩子。他們其中的許多人都獲得了成功,他們有抱負,受過高等教育,生活在城市,有專業性的工作,收入頗豐,生活很富裕。美國又為這些成功者命名為「Yuppies」,前三個字母是「young urban professionals」縮略。對「Yuppies」中那些不要孩子的人,美國人又將他們稱為「Dinks」,它是「Duble Income, No kids」的縮寫。
其實,「Baby Boomers」並不都是富有的「Yuppies」,有的夫婦不僅有孩子而且有老人要撫養,這樣另一個名字又產生了,那便是「Sandwich Generation」,意味著這些人象三明治中的肉一樣夾在老人和孩子之間,負擔很重。
美國的電視業發展迅速,幾乎所有人都能看到有線電視節目,家庭影劇院的出現更是許多人沉迷於電視,這種一有時間就坐在沙發上看電視的人被稱為「Couch Potato」。它不禁使人們想到悠然坐在沙發里一聲不吭,一動不動,象土豆似的人。
隨著商業的發展繁榮,大的購物中心(shopping mall)不斷涌現。逛購物中心成了一種樂趣,尤其是年輕人,他們即使不購物也在中心鑽來鑽去,象老鼠一樣,美國人將他們戲稱為「Mall Rats」。
10. 急求幾篇介紹西方節日的英語短文
Christmas
Although, for Christians, Christmas is not the most important of festivals, it is probably the most widely celebrated religious occasion in the West. This festival celebrates the birth of the messiah in Bethlehem Palestine about two thousand years ago. This messiah was Jesus Christ who, Christians believe, was sent to save mankind and absolve them from their sins. Nowadays, you might be forgiven for missing the religious element to this festival as it has descended somewhat into an orgy of consumerism and inlgence. Gifts are given amongst family and friends and cards wishing 「Seasonal Greetings」 sent between just about everyone. Father Christmas, otherwise known as Santa Claus, is said to squeeze his way down chimneys across the world on Christmas Eve and deliver presents to any children that have behaved well over the last year. Another important motif of the festival is the Christmas tree, around which traditionally people would dance around hinting at the pagan origins of this mid-winter celebration.
聖誕節
雖然對基督教徒來說,聖誕節並不是其最重要的節日,但是在西方,它卻是一個最受廣泛慶祝的節日。聖誕節慶祝的是兩千多年前彌賽亞(猶太人盼望的復國救主)在巴勒斯坦伯利恆的誕生。這個彌賽亞就是耶穌(基督教信奉的救世主)。基督教徒相信,耶穌是被派來拯救人類並協助人們擺脫罪惡的救世主。如今,就算你已經忘記了這個節日的本來意義也不會有人怪罪你,因為,現在的聖誕節已經演變成為大肆消費、狂歡與縱情享受的節日。在這個節日里,親人們、朋友間都會互送禮物,滿載著「節日祝福」的賀卡也會送到每一個人的手中。「聖誕之父」(Father Christmas),也就是我們所熟知的「聖誕老人」(Santa Claus),據說會在聖誕節前夕順著煙囪下來,給世界各地的孩子們送去禮物,這些收到禮物的孩子必定是那些在過去的一年中各方面表現都很優秀的孩子。聖誕節的另一個重點是聖誕樹,在這一天,人們會圍著聖誕樹跳舞,這也表明聖誕樹是聖誕節形成之前的隆冬節日的重要組成部分。