北京高考英語說明文閱讀

㈠ 高考英語作文抄了英語卷子的閱讀給多少分

一般是作文零分。

高考英語作文25分，按5個檔次給分。詞數少於80和多於120的，從總版分中減去2分。如書寫權較差，以至影響交際，將分數降低一個檔次。

評分時先根據文章的內容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次，然後以該檔次的要求來衡量，確定或調整檔次，最後給分，詞數少於80和多於120的，從總分中減去2分。評分時應注意的主要內容為，內容要點、應用詞彙和語法結構的數量和准確性、上下文的連貫性。

(1)北京高考英語說明文閱讀擴展閱讀：

注意事項：

高考書面表達評分標准中對書寫有較高要求。尤其是進行網上閱卷，如果書寫較差，會影響到掃描質量，因此考生在答卷時，一定要認真、清楚規范地書寫，以保卷面整潔。

英語書面表達評分標准要求，應使用較復雜結構，這要求學生不僅會運用基本句型，也要有意識地使用復雜句型，這是文章的亮點。

如何使用復雜結構，認為適當運用非謂語結構(分詞短語、動名詞或不定式短語)適當運用各種從句(定語從句，名詞性從句，狀語從句)是有效途徑。

㈡ 高考英語說明文閱讀技巧

高考英語的說明文閱讀技巧就是應該把課文充分地讀等，特別是上下段的意思，整個把說明文讀透以後，那麼說明文的閱讀通常就不會失去分數。

㈢ 高考英語閱讀理解應用文和說明文有哪些區別

閱讀理解的文章體抄裁多樣襲，包括記敘文、說明文、應用文等；題材廣泛，涉及政治經濟、社會文化、風俗習慣、歷史、地理與科學技術等各個方面。一些與日常生活關系密切的圖表、表格和廣告類，如火車或飛機的時刻表、電視節目表、課表、活動日程表、各種情況的比例圖、事物發展變化（增減）圖、各類標志圖、廣告等實用類文體。 判斷就簡單啦，跟語文差不多。

㈣ 2019高考英語滿分作文

2018·全國Ⅰ卷

假定你是李華，你的紐西蘭朋友Terry將去中國朋友家做客，發郵件向你詢問有關習俗。請你回復郵件，內容包括：

1. 到達時間；

2. 合適的禮物；

3. 餐桌禮儀。

注意：

1. 詞數100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

【滿分範文】

Dear Terry,

How
are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to
a Chinese friend』s home. Now, I am writing to inform you of some
relevant details.

To begin with, according to our tradition, you
are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare
the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides, you』d better
bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What』s more, when you
are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing
food.

Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 全國Ⅱ卷

你受學生會委託為校宣傳欄「英語天地」寫一則通知，請大家觀看一部英語短片Growing Together，內容包括：

1. 短片內容：學校的發展；

2. 放映時間、地點；

3. 歡迎對短片提出意見。

注意：

1. 詞數100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

【滿分範文】

Notice

In
order to have a better understanding of our school, an outstanding
English short movie about our school will be shown in the library from
2:30 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. It is organized by the
Student Union. Here are some relevant details about it.

To begin
with, the name of the movie is Growing Together, which is about the
development of our beloved school. As we all expect, it will be not only
meaningful but also interesting. What』s more, everyone of you will be
welcome to take part (participate) in it, enjoying the movie, having a
heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.

The Student UnionJune

2018 · 全國III卷

假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter 來信詢問你校學生體育運動情況。請給他回信，內容包括：

1. 學校的體育場館；

2. 主要的運動項目；

3. 你喜歡的項目。

注意：

1. 詞數100左右：

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

【滿分範文】

Dear Peter,

I
am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last
letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following
information may give you a rough sketch.

To begin with, a fabulous
new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our
school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports
events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as
running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I』m intoxicated
with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the
challenges in my life.

All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第一節

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，計劃明年來北京上大學。他向你咨詢相關信息。請給他回郵件，內容包括：

1. 表示歡迎；

2. 推薦他上哪所大學；

3. 建議他做哪些准備工作。

注意：1. 詞數不少於50；

2. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

Dear Jim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【滿分範文】

Dear Jim,

I』m
so glad to hear your future ecation plan in Beijing in your last
letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am
sure you will have the most unforgettable experience ring your
college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese
culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best
universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you
where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich
culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The
Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be
helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.

I
sincerely hope your dream will come true and it』s my pleasure to show
you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further
questions, please feel free to let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第二節

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，請根據以下四幅圖的先後順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國學生，帶領他們體驗中國茶文化的全過程。

注意：詞數不少於60。

ards
the mountains. 'Don』t be late for supper,' Uncle Paul cried, 'and keep
to the track so that you don』t get lost!' 'OK! ' my dad cried back.
After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so
peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green
pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It
looked like a beautiful woven(編織的）blanket spread out upon the ground
just for us.

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.

注意：

（1）所續寫短文的詞數應為150左右；

（2）至少使用5個短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語：

（3）續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；

（4）續寫完成後，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。

Paragraph
1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Paragraph
2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting
dark._______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

【滿分範文】

Paragraph 1

Suddenly
a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Instinctively, I
yelled out loud, pulling back the reins hard in order to stop the horse
from hurting the little creature. Badly startled by the sudden incident,
the horse sped off the track into another direction. Dad followed
closely behind, calling out to tell me how to soothe the terrified horse
and I did as told. Finally, the horse calmed down, but we seemed to get
lost, unable to go back to the mountain road.

Paragraph 2

We
had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Wandering around, we
were still stuck in the dilemma. Much to our delight, the sound of
water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the
riverbank. Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may
lead us to the farm house and nothing seemed better than that. Time
appeared to be merrier and shorter when I stayed together with Dad and
before long, the farm house came into sight. What a thrilling but
memorable experience it was!

2018 · 天津卷

假設你是晨光中學的機器人興趣小組組長李津，你的美國朋友Chris就讀於天津某國際學校，他曾在機器人技能競賽中獲獎。你打算邀請他加入你的團隊，參加即將於7月底在天津舉行的世界青少學機器人技能競賽。請根據以下提示代表興趣小組給他寫一封電子郵件。

（1）比賽的時間、地點；

（2）邀請他的原因；

（3）訓練計劃將發送其郵箱，請他提出建議。

注意：

（1）詞數不少於100；

（2）可適當加入細節，使內容充實、行文連貫；

（3）開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

【參考詞彙】

世界青少年機器人技能競賽 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you.

I』m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

【滿分範文】

Dear Chris,

I
have good news to tell you. Targeted at cultivating the teenagers』
interest in scientific exploration and encouraging more students to
throw themselves into research, a competition, titled the World
Adolescent Robotics Competition, will take place in the Children』s
palace Tianjin in the late July. The competition offers adolescents a
good chance to show their talents and initiative and learn from each
other meanwhile.

I am eager to invite you to join our team for
the upcoming event, in which you will demonstrate your ability and make
acquaintance of more friends with the same interest. As far as I know,
you have proved yourself by carrying off some prizes in the previous
competitions. Impressed by your teamwork spirit and talent in this
field, I am confident that you will love the challenge and our team. By
working in a group, we are able to overcome our weaknesses by acquiring
others' strong points as well as double our achievements.

If you
are interested in it, please let me know and I will deliver the training
program to your online mailbox. It would be fantastic if you could
bring up your advice, which is bound to be of great use for us. I』m
looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

2018 · 江蘇卷

請閱讀下面文字,並按照要求用英語寫一篇150 詞左右的文章。

Li Jiang 6 July, Sunny

Our
family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase. Two days ago,
Mom asked me to find relevant information on the internet. But the
information I got was rich and varied, or even contradictory. Confused, I
simply based my decision on the ratings. Within five minutes, we
ordered the one we were satisfied with. This afternoon, Mom received the
case and told me she liked it very much.

Su Hua 6 July, Sunny

This
morning, our family went out, hanging round in the downtown area. We
found a rating of the Top Ten Restaurants, and went into one of them. We
spent quite a lot of money, but were not happy. Mom complained a lot,
and said that despite its high ratings, the food was not to our taste. I
was puzzled. Should I believe in these ratings, or should I not?

【寫作內容】

1. 用約30個詞概括上述利用排名（ratings）進行消費的現象；

2. 談談你如何看待消費排名，然後用2-3個理由或論據支撐你的看法。

【寫作要求】

1. 寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；

2. 作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱；

3. 不必寫標題。

【評分標准】

內容完整，語言規范，語篇連貫，詞數適當。

【滿分範文一】

As
a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an efficient
source of information for shopping in our own consumption.
Interestingly, the same rating may have different influences on
different consumers.

I tend to consult consumption ratings
whatever I purchase. Firstly, the higher rating means the higher quality
of the proct, or better service. Based on the ratings, I bought my
beloved backpack, saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.
Secondly, ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping. For
example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often
confused to choose from. In that case, it is both convenient and
economical to buy books according to the ratings.

There is no
doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in
consumption. The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often
closely related. It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards
ratings.

【滿分範文二】

Nowadays,
most commodities or services are rated through certain channels. These
ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in
customers' purchase decision. However, results are sometimes
unsatisfactory.

There is no denying that such ratings might bring
convenience to consumers, but they are often misleading and unreliable.
As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others』 judgment on the
proct or service concerned. Every judgment comes from a specific need
or a unique psychological state. Apparently, blindly following others'
advice will affect our own judgment. Another fact should not be
neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful
manipulation of companies or sellers. It has become a common practice
for some to pay for good ratings on their procts or services so as to
increase their sales.

Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping.

㈤ 高考英語閱讀理解怎麼做

主旨大意題

主旨大意題主要考查學生對所讀材料(或所讀材料片斷)中心思想的概括。做這類題時，考生應通讀全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同時注意文章的主題句，因為主題句表達中心思想，其他句子均圍繞主題句進行展開。主題句通常位於文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位於段落中間(通常是第一段或最後一段的中間)也是完全可能的。主旨大意題的考查形式很多，如概括標題、主題、段意、中心思想等。請看下面一個段落：
In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
◎What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The writer』s unhappy school life
B. The writer』s eagerness to earn money
C. The writer』s experience as a full-time worker
D. The writer』s hard work in an apple plant
原文共有五個自然段，上面摘錄的只是文章的第1個自然段，但是如果考生訓練有素的話，只要讀完這個段落就可猜出此題的答案了。因為文章第一句說In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接著作者用but引出一個新的情況(即主題句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下來又說：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聰明的讀者至此應該可以猜測到，下面的幾個段落肯定是介紹這個apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比較四個選項，只有選項D所表述內容合乎上面的分析，故選D。

事實細節題

顧名思義，事實細節題即指針對文章的某個事實或細節而設置的試題。事實細節題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換後進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(通常是四個)放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項)或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案(此時要特別注意一些常見的同義轉換或簡單換算)。請看下面一道事實細節題：
Tuition Fees(學費)
Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]
Accommodation(住宿)
You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]
◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000
根據Tuition fees一節的內容可知，一年的學費最低為5,000美元，再根據Accommodation(住宿)一節可知，除學費外，還有住宿費(每月100美元)和生活費(每月150美元)，即一年大約共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大學讀書一年至少要花費5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案為B。

代詞指代題

這類題要求考生根據一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義，它主要考查考生在一定語境中對上下文邏輯關系的正確理解。做這類題時，考生不僅要讀懂相關句子的句意，理順相關句子的邏輯關系，而且還要學會合理變通，尤其要學會變通理解其中的同義表達。請看下面一個片斷和一個道詞義猜測題：
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以預見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a 「sudden insight」 which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
What does the underlined word 「this」 refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society.
B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
此題答案選B。答案的直接依據是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 這兩句話。從句意和句子結構上看，this在此指代的應是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比較四個選項，只有B與之吻合，因為選項中的long-time與原文中的over fairly long periods of time屬同義表達，選項中的study of the subject matter 與原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem屬同義表達。

詞義猜測題

即要求考生根據一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義。它是高考英語閱讀理解中的一個難點，同學們應引起充分重視。猜測生詞詞義的方法很多，常用的有同義解釋法、因果推斷法、前後對比法、基本構詞法、語境理解法、舉例說明法、常識背景法、類屬分析法等。請看下面一道詞義猜測題：
More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(壓力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
The underlined word 「survey」 in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination
此題答案選A。比較四個選項，同時結合常識，文中所提到的事實和數據應該是「調查和研究」得出的（其他幾個選項可排除）。

推理判斷題

即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題屬於主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時，同學們應嚴格依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣等，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。此時應特別注意：當問及作者的看法、意圖與態度時，不要誤認為是在問「你」(考生)的想法，而是作者本人在字里行間所表述的觀點。請看下面一個段落：
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(縮回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
By saying 「the prize so dearly won」 in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______.
A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes
B. show the hardship of growing the roses
C. express her liking for the roses
D. express her care for the tomatoes
本文大意講的是作者在春天偶然栽種的一棵西紅柿長成後非常大，影響到園中的玫瑰花，作者在享受西紅柿美味的同時，又難以割捨珍貴的玫瑰花，面對兩種選擇，作者舉棋不定。
此題要求考生推測作者說the prize so dearly won的意圖，屬推理判斷題。此題答案選A，其推理依據主要有以下幾點：一是作者在第1句用了 the task一詞，將摘西紅柿看成是一項「任務」；二是作者在三個地方用了have to，表示摘西紅柿不容易；三是作者還用了stand on my head, reach down and under…等誇張性用詞，充分說明了摘西紅柿的難度。比較四個選項，顯然只有選項A最佳。
請再看一道高考真題實例：
Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father. 「But, Dad, you can』t be healthy if you』re dead.」
Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day. The big question is why.
Why did Elizabeth say to her father, 「But, Dad, you can』t be healthy if you』re dead?
A. He was driving at great speed.
B. He was running across the street.
C. He didn』t have his safety belt on.
D. He didn』t take his medicine on time.

㈥ 如何寫好高考英語說明文 高中英語作文資料

寫作在英語學習中是培養和提高語言能力的有效手段，它有助於鞏固和掌握所學詞彙、語法等語言知識，有助於訓練直接用所學語言進行思維，有利於提高駕馭語言的能力。中學生該如何寫好英語作文呢?經過多年的教學實踐，
寫作在英語學習中是培養和提高語言能力的有效手段，它有助於鞏固和掌握所學詞彙、語法等語言知識，有助於訓練直接用所學語言進行思維，有利於提高駕馭語言的能力。中學生該如何寫好英語作文呢?經過多年的教學實踐，在英語寫作方面我總結如下幾點淺見

一、增加詞彙

英語寫作要求有一定量的詞彙，沒有詞彙就好比巧婦無米難以下廚。寫作時可能出現要寫的詞記不起來、要用的詞拿不準、尤其是遇到同義詞、更不知用哪一個好、或詞性沒記住，結果亂用……. 這都說明平時對單詞的記憶不夠牢固，理解不清。這就要求我們在記單詞的時候多花點力氣，要從單詞的音、形、義入手，最好不要單獨記憶單詞，這樣容易遺忘，要把它放在句子或文章中一起記憶，這樣可把握單詞的詞義、用法、搭配等詞彙特點。除了課本上的詞彙必須掌握外，還要進行廣泛的課外閱讀，來增加詞彙。

二、掌握語法

英語中雖有很多句子與漢語相似或相同，但語法與漢語不盡相同，它有自己的基本句型固定搭配、固定短語等。要想寫好作文，必須學好語法。英語中有五種基本句型結構，幾乎所有的英語句型都是五種句型的擴大、延伸或變化，因此，應牢記這五種基本句型，並不斷地練習運用。
S +V

2. S+V+O

3. S+V+O+O

4. S+V+P

5. S+V+O+C

這五種句型雖能表達一定的意思，但無法比較自由地表達思想，因此還需對學生進一步進行擴句訓練，在課堂上充分發揮學生的想像力，進行擴句練習。其次，要加強句型教學，要對一些句子進行分析，增強他們利用各種句子進行一意多種表達的訓練。再次，充分利用新教材中「鞏固語言練習」對學生進行基本語感的訓練。

三、背誦範文

古人說：「熟讀唐詩三百首，不會做詩也會吟」。背誦範文是中國人學習語言的傳統方法，它不但可以加強記憶、積累語言材料，而且可以定型語式句式，語套模式和行文模式，將背誦用於英語學習更是見效。因為一種語言的具體句子和語篇是無限的，而其結構模式則是有限的。掌握一個結構模式或行文模式就意味著具有生成無數語氣和語篇的能力。語言模式的作用類似於數學公式，非常重要。而經典的語言模式則存在於範文之中，所以要熟讀背誦。

四、以說促寫

說話是作文的先導，是作文的起步。俗話說：「只有出口成章，才能下筆成文」。在教學過程中，教師可有意識地讓學生用詞造句，由詞生文練習。由易到難，循序漸進地讓學生說。

可以把現實生活搬進課堂，模擬生活中的各種人物、情景，讓學生在真情實感的角色扮演中

進行口語交際。讓學生把生活中的人物通過語言、動作、心理活動表演出來，讓學生自由發揮，暢所欲言。也可以通過演講培養口頭作文能力，並引導學生把「說」和「寫」聯系起來，這樣說說寫寫，寫寫說說，不僅提高了口語表達能力，而且通過說話過程中對口頭語言的敘述，提高了書面語言表達能力，使學生寫作能做到中心明確，條理清楚。

五、勤於動筆

適當地進行寫作練習是不可缺少的，如果光大談寫作，而從不去動筆寫，是寫不出好作文的，所謂的熟能生巧就是說的這一點。可以讓學生採用寫日記的方法來提高自己的表達能力，也可以就不同的題材，自擬題目來寫或者就某篇課文來擴寫、縮寫、改寫等，這些都可以用來練練手筆。也可以要求學生隨讀、隨學、隨寫，讀有所得，學以致用。

六、寫作步驟
審題

在動筆之前，必須認真審題，分析命題意圖。根據題目確定文章體裁，考慮文章內容，把與題目有關的材料分析，整理加以取捨。對屬於同一類材料的擬出標題，作文審題在很大程度上關繫到整篇文章的成敗。有的考生唯恐時間不夠，急於成文，不認真審題，結果寫出的文章不是離題太遠，與原命題大相徑庭，就是抓不住重點，雜亂無章，缺乏邏輯性與關聯。

2. 列題綱

審明了題義，了解了命題的意圖，接下來就是列提綱。提綱有兩種形式，即標題式和句式。標題式提綱就是用短語和片語列出文章的層次和段落以及各層次、各段落的大致順序。這種提綱的特點是簡潔、清楚。句式提綱是用完整的句子列出的提綱，這種提綱提供了更加詳盡的輪廓。列提綱時，應防止兩種形式的混用，句式提綱是句子，而標題式提綱是名詞片語。列提綱時要盡量使用平行結構，編號要統一。有了提綱，文章在材料安排上才會層次分明，

㈦ 高考英語閱讀理解文章分幾類

1、記敘文
記敘文又可分傳記類和故事類。傳記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關鍵，根據時間我們可以找到相關的事件，抓住文章的主要內容。故事類文章情節性較強，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點、人物和發生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內容和信息，對於准確理解文章十分重要。
2、說明文
說明文是對事物的形狀、性質、特徵、成果或功用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特徵和本質是理解說明文的關鍵。說明事物特徵的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。(1)數字說明文在閱讀數字說明文時要特別注意文中數字的含義，從這些數字中可以找到文章的主要內容。(2)解釋說明文解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質、特徵和功用等。許多科普文章都屬於這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學會解決what，how,why等一類的問題。它們是文章的關鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。(3)比較說明文比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問題。在閱讀這類文章時要善於把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談論一個有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向於某一種觀點。
3、應用文
應用文涉及的范圍比較廣，包括廣告、通知、書信等。應用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規范的句子較多。閱讀時一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，並運用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題乾的理解尤為重要。

㈧ 高考英語的閱讀理解行文結構和話題類型有固定的格式嗎

記敘文，說明文，人物傳記之類的比較多。
近年來高考改革，行文結回構趨於多變。但是題目答的設置順序是固定的。比如說一共5個題目，第一道題的答案如果在第二段出現，第三道題的答案如果在第四段，那麼第二道題應該在第二段至第四段中間。主旨大意題一般在最後。行文結構的話根據語文的知識就能分辨，當然前提還是讀懂。
祝好。