① 英語閱讀一般出題是什麼思路
【初中專享】英語閱讀滿分的秘訣,原來在這6個字裡面!
做閱讀理解,說到底是一個習慣和方法的問題。參透下面六個字,與閱讀理解滿分零距離!
1重
「重」——「重文本」。讀懂文章最重要。
文本是題源所在,如果將考生比作勘探人員,那麼文本就是他們的勘探場所。撰題者正是通過對文章的深入剖析,才將一個個地寶藏埋藏其中,讓考生去發掘。所以讀懂文本不僅是正確解題的第一步,也是最關鍵的一步。
1、閱讀的不良習慣
要養成良好的閱讀習慣,首先要克服閱讀的不良習慣。下面我列舉了一些常見的閱讀不良習慣,對號入座,看你有否。
心譯:讀一句心譯一句,句句必須藉助漢語譯文方能理解;
指讀:閱讀時總是用指頭或筆尖等指著句子,邊移邊讀;
逐字逐句:一字一句,字字重視,句句關心,生怕漏掉一個單詞,眉毛鬍子一把抓;
見生即查:閱讀時欲將生詞各個擊破,完全掃清閱讀障礙,認為只要沒有生詞,便可洞悉文章;
出聲:閱讀時發出聲音,全篇誦讀,字字句句,絲毫不拉;
唇讀:閱讀時雖沒有發出聲音,但唇隨句變,詞帶舌移,只是聲帶未顫,聲音未出;
默讀:沒有出聲,也沒有唇動舌移,但目光、意識仍在逐句念誦。
以上不良習慣要麼會打斷閱讀思維的連貫性,要麼會破壞對文本的整體理解,而它們最大的害處就是降低了閱讀速度。常聽到同學抱怨「其實試題並不難,只是時間不夠」,這正是閱讀的不良習慣使然。
2、以意群為單位,成組視讀
分清意群,停頓嫻熟,不僅是朗誦的關鍵,更是閱讀的基本素質。英語閱讀時是以意群為單位,而非以單詞或片語為單位。成組視讀是說用眼睛掃視,不是一個詞一個詞的去默看,而是向探照燈一樣根據意群,一組組的進行掃視,這時額頭成了一個通道,被收納的是信息,而不是詞彙。這是一種高超的閱讀能力,非以一貫之的堅持和大量的閱讀不能夠習得。
3、首尾在心,緊扣中心
任何一位作者都會有自己的寫作意圖,任何一篇文章都會有自己的中心主旨,而能否明晰作者的寫作意圖,能否把握文章的主旨,是理解一篇文章的關鍵,也是閱讀水平高低的體現。為了考察考生對文章的理解程度和閱讀水平,出題者必然會以各種方式對作者的寫作意圖與文章的主旨要義進行考察。一般來說,文章的主旨經常會被表述在文章的首尾中,首尾既包括文章的首段尾段,又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心,文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入點,因此同學們應格外注意它們。
4、學會跳讀,心中有圖
閱讀理解要做到心中既有森林,又有樹木,既要統攬全文,又要主次有別。跳讀即可用來通讀全文,了解大意,又可用來搜尋細節,鎖定被考察信息——如此既把握了整體,又不會忽視細節。在跳讀時一定不要借用母語翻譯,而要通過情景想像、提綱列表、重點連線、簡圖示意等手段來梳理文章脈絡,使之直觀化、形象化、具體化。
5、善於猜測詞義
各類考試都允許出現3%的超綱詞彙,這些詞彙往往文中都會給出暗示,考生可以根據上下文來推斷他們的意思;有些其後則會緊跟其同位語,直接對其進行解釋說明;有的詞彙(多數為名詞)只需判定它是某類事物即可,比如人名、地名、某類動、植物等等,而無須弄明白其具體意思;有些詞真是猜不出意思也不必太在意,因為一、兩個詞不認識根本不會對文章理解帶來障礙,一定不能因之而恐慌,從而影響發揮。對於詞義猜測試題中的超綱詞,文中肯定會對其進行或解釋、或同義、或暗示,只要細心,只要思路開闊,就一定能發現線索,確定其含義。
2
定
「定」——「定區間」。能夠圈定各題答案的范圍。
出題者一般都是根據文本的某一段,或某一段的某一句,或某一句的某一詞,或根據隱藏在字里行間的作者的暗示進行題設。這就要求做題時要進行回想、返查,鎖定與問題相關信息的所在區域,為正確解題打基礎。這個過程就像捉迷藏一樣,要想找到文本中躲藏的「貓貓」,就必須對藏躲「貓貓」的區域諳熟於心,進而准確定位,圈定范圍,定能一抓一個准。
總的來說,每個問題都對應於文本中的某個區間,或顯或隱,或大或小,或段或句或詞,考生要擦亮眼睛,善於定位,為找到答案的根據做好必要且充分的准備。
3
劃
「劃」——「劃根據」。作答時理由要充分,並在文章中劃出解題依據。
能夠在文本中劃出解題根據是正確解題的關鍵,更是閱讀理解不丟分的保障。獵人有句行話,叫「不見兔子不撒鷹」,在這兒我要告訴各位同學,在做閱讀理解時要做到「不見根據不做題」。理由充分,根據鑿實,這是「不僅知其然,而且知其所以然」的超高境界,是閱讀水平提高的最大見證。從這種意義上講,「劃」字訣是「重、定、劃、看、防、讀」六字真訣之尤為重要者。
4
看
「看」——「看轉換」。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意轉述)。
英語語言相當豐富,同一意思會有多種不同表達,以避免語言表述上的單調重復。考試中常見的題型「同意改寫」就是考察學生的這一能力的。以句型「決定做某事」為例,英語中就有不下就中表達:
1. decide to do sth.
2. make a decision to do sth.
3. determine to do sth.
4. be determined to do sth.
5. make a determination to do sth
6. resolve to do sth.
7. make a resolution to do sth.
8. make up one』s mind to do sth.
9. set one』s mind to do sth.
出題者設計試題時總會用不同的語言結構對文本中的某些信息進行同意轉述。有的轉述會很明顯,可以一目瞭然;但也不乏隱含很深的轉述。
5
防
「防」——「防陷井」。鎖定是「true」還是「not true」,辨明形近詞。
英語閱讀中的陷阱設置最常見的有兩種,判斷對錯真假型和詞形相近型。對於判斷對錯真假型,考生做題前一定要認真審題,看準是「true」還是「not true」,是「right」還是「wrong」,然後才著手解題。可能會有同學認為,這么簡單的事怎麼會錯?其實不然,在考場高度緊張的情況下,什麼事情都會發生。試想你身邊有過多少同學曾因把「true」與「not true」看反而懊惱不已,頓足捶胸?
對於詞形相近型要做只有兩個字「細心」,三思而後選。只要細心,此類陷阱就會很容易被識破。
歸根到底,「防」的主要對象是自己,防止慌張,防止粗心大意,防止那些「想當然」的想法,防止自己的驕傲情緒——只要沉著應對,處處留心,任何陷阱都會被識別發現的。
6
讀
「讀」——「讀全項」。做判斷時要通讀每一題的所有選項,區分鑒別,選擇最佳。
閱讀理解是從三個或四個選項中選出一個最佳選項,解題時考生要通讀所有選項,比較鑒別,確定最佳。切不可挑讀臆斷,匆匆作答。比如做判斷對錯真假型試題時,選項中會有「一對三錯」或「三對一錯」,通讀全項就會補救誤讀題干所造成的過失。
② 英語閱讀理解完全能看懂,但是回答問題時思路很怪怎麼辦
第一來題,voice to voice是指聲音對聲源音,而全文應該是在述說人與人之間的溝通交流問題,所以很明顯,by person好一些。
第二個問題,如果有原文和題目的話我會更好的解答。
其實英語閱讀還有一條你忽略了就是文章的中心,選擇答案的時候一定要切合文章的中心,與中心無關的選項大部分不是正確的。
還有,閱讀是一個客觀的審視,而不是你主觀的判斷,你看,你的問題你都強調了你覺得怎樣怎樣,摻雜了太多你的主觀思想,這樣就容易思路跑偏。建議你放鬆心態,就以文章為依據,將思想客觀化。因為你完全可以看懂文章,那麼當你思想客觀的時候,你就能答出好成績了。
我是去年的考生,呵呵~歡迎追問!
祝你高考成功哈~!
③ 在英語閱讀中,出題人是怎麼出題的,思路是怎麼樣的
他其實就是找一個關鍵的句子,考你對這個句子的理解。他就通過換同義詞反義詞或者變幻句型來考你。考對整篇的理解時,你也可以通過對首段或者尾段的關鍵句來得出答案。
④ 初中英語閱讀作業和練習題怎麼訂正和評價最有效
我覺得要搞清楚常錯的是什麼題型,然後總結一下關鍵題型的解題方法。自己做不到的話求助老師,或者找像新東方一對一那種,效果可能更好一點。
⑤ 英語閱讀理解練習題及答案 越短越好
一、
Betty and KittyBetty and Kitty are twins. They』re 12 years old. They look the same. But they have different hobbies. Betty likes collecting stamps. She has many beautiful stamps. They』re from different cities and countries. But Kitty likes growing flowers. The flowers are all very beautiful.Betty and Kitty both like reading books. Betty likes reading storybooks. But Kitty likes reading science books.On Sunday, they usually ride bikes to the park. They can play with their friends there. Sometimes their parents go there, too.
根據短文內容,判斷下列句子的正誤,正確的寫「T」,錯誤的寫「F」。
( ) 1. Betty is Kitty』s sister.
( ) 2. Betty likes growing flowers.
( ) 3. Kitty likes reading storybooks.
( ) 4. They』re twelve years old.
( ) 5. They usually take a bus to the park on Saturday.
二、
Lovely pandasPandas』 faces look like cats』, but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears』. Pandas are very lovely and they are friendly to people. People likes them very much.Most Pandas live in China. The northwestern part of Sichuan Province(省) and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. Pandas like to climb trees. They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.
根據短文的意思,選出正確的答案。
( )1. The panda mainly lives in . A. America B. Shanghai C. London D. China
( )2. is like a cat』s. A. The panda B. The panda』s face C. The panda』s body D. The panda』s tail
( )3. Where are the pandas』 hometowns? A. Guangdong and Gansu. B. Sichuan and Suzhou.C. Gansu and Sichuan D. Hubei and Sichuan
( )4. What』s the panda』s main food? A. Rice. B. Meat. C. Bamboo. D. Grass.
三、
Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Mary』s favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancy』s number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kate』s father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kate』s lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together.
閱讀短文,回答問題。
1. What』s Mary』s favorite number?
2. What』s Nancy』s favorite country?
3. What』s Kate』s father』s job?
4. Does Kate like Chinese food?
「God made the world, but the Dutch made Holland.」 True to this saying, the people of the Netherlands are again 「making」 their land.
About 1980 the Netherlands will complete a project begun in the 1920』s: transforming the Zyuder Zee, an inlet (小港) of the North Sea into dry land and a freshwater lake. By stages, 550,000 acres of land will serve several purposes: instrial, recreational, military, and agricultural. Fed by the river Yssel, the remaining water basin Lake Yssel, about 300,000 acres will irrigate the surrounding land and help in the fight against salination (鹽化作用). Excess water will drain through sluices into the sea.
As the first stop a nineteen-mile-long barrier dam, rising twenty-five feet above sea level, closed the entrance to the Zuider Zee. Then the experimental polder of a hundred acres preceded the first and smallest of the main polders fifty thousand acres that became dry land in 1930. The fifth and largest polder 150,000 acres will be the last of the Zuider Zee works.
Farmers for the new polder (開拓地) come from every province. The Eastern Flevoland polder, completed in 1957, became farmland for many from the province of Zealand which was badly hit by the disastrous floods of 1953.
31. This article gives a present-day example of how__________.
A. salty soils are desalinated B. the Netherlands has increased its land area
C. irrigation systems are built D. dams are constructed
32. The period taken for the Zuider Zee project is__________.
A. from 1900 up to 1960 B. from the 1920 till about 1980
C. from 1930 to 1957 D. less than fifty years
33. The Zuider Zee will be replaced by____________.
A. 550,000 acres of land B. 300,000 acres of fresh water
C. both A and B D. Neither A nor B
34. The article gives a measurement for the__________.
A. height of the barrier dam B. width of the barrier dam
C. width of the road along the dam D. height above sea level of the area on the land side of dam
35. Implied but not stated:
A. The first step in the project was a barrier dam.
B. The polder recipe was first used in this century.
C. Half of the Netherlands is below sea level.
D. There is more than one method of fighting salination.
D B C D A
During the Christmas shopping rush in London, the intriguing story was reported of a tramp(流浪漢) who, apparently through no fault of his own, found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home. Presumably all the proper Security checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers desperate to get last minute Christmas presents
However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food, drink, bedding and camping equipment, of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios Though it was not reported if he took advantage of these facilities, when the shop re-opened, he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seems to have been a man of good humor and philosophic temperament---as indeed vagrants(流浪漢) very commonly arc. Everyone also was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He submitted, cheerfully enough, to being taken way by the police. Perhaps he had bad a better Christmas than usual. He was sent to prison for Seven days. The judge awarded no compensation to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed. They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas too.
1. The tramp was locked in the store____
A. for his mistakes. B. e to a misunderstanding. C. by accident. D. through an error of judgment.
2. The staff were 'dead beat' means they were _____
A. half asleep. B. exhausted. C. irritable. D. forgetful.
3. What action did the tramp take? He_____
A. looted the store. B. made himself at home.
C. went to sleep for 2 days. D. had a Christmas party.
4. When the tramp was arrested, he _____
A. laughed at the police. B. looked forward to going to pr)son.
C. rook his bottles with him. D. didn't make any fuss.
5. Why didn't the judge award compensation to the chain store?
A. The tramp had stolen nothing of value.
B. The store had profited by the incident.
C. The tramp deserved a happy Christmas.
D. The store was responsible for what happened.
1.C(apparently through no fault of his own)第一段中找答案
2.B(No doubt the store was crowded with last minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home.)
3.B
4.D(He submitted, cheerfully enough, to being taken way by the police. )
5.B(They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. )
⑥ 考研英語真題如何研究出題思路呢
我個人認為不必要研究什麼出題思路的,那都是考研輔導機構做的,通常他們講給我們聽,內但是一般平時做容題誰按那個做,考場一忙什麼都忘了,還是扎扎實實記單詞,做真題,平時多練,我去年什麼班都沒報,就做了幾十篇閱讀,單詞馬馬虎虎過了兩遍,成績還不錯。
如果你英語不好就報個輔導班可以督促你,跟進學習進程,如果英語好,不必要報班,踏踏實實做題就好,對於有些人來說,上輔導班反而很浪費時間。那個題翻來覆去就那麼幾種,最重要的就是閱讀,考研英語得閱讀者得天下,而閱讀一般情況下就是單詞,因為考研英語中主要是給你大量生詞,只要你看懂了,做題不是問題,當然語感也要培養(也就是不知為什麼選這個,但直覺就是選這個)。
我也是剛考成功,祝你考研順利啊!堅持就是勝利!個人拙見,見諒哈!不懂的再問我,滿意就給分哦!
⑦ 英語四級閱讀理解題思路有哪些
第一步,快速略讀全文,瀏覽大標題,同時分析小標題。
瀏覽大標題的目的是為了對文章內容有大致的了解。而分析小標題則是為了把握文章的總體結構,了解文章內容的基本構成。如果閱讀理解的篇幅較短,考試中可以直接用題目中的關鍵詞彙定位,但是面對長篇累牘的快速閱讀,考生首先應當留意文章當中是否有小標題。如果有,一定要先讀小標題,因為小標題的作用如同目錄,可以幫助考生宏觀地把握文章框架,迅速尋找到有效信息的范圍。
有時文章沒有小標題,這時須按下列順序瀏覽全文:第一段的第一句、第二句和最後一句——以下每一段的第一句——最後一段的第一句和最後一句。這種方法,意味著已經開始閱讀,所以花的時間要長一些,但應該控制在兩分鍾之內。
第二步,仔細讀題,劃出標志詞或關鍵詞
標志詞指的是專有名詞(人名、地名、組織名、國名等)和數字等有標志性的單詞,根據這些單詞,我們可以對試題涉及的內容在文章中的位置進行快速定位。
如果試題中沒有標志詞,那麼就根據試題中的名詞、名詞片語、動詞、動詞片語、形容詞和形容詞片語確定試題提問的內容,然後再確定試題在文章中的位置。
第三步,答題
在答題時,首先要根據標志詞或關鍵詞確定試題所在的部分,即在哪一個小標題下。如果文章沒有小標題,也可以對試題在文章中的位置進行模糊定位。因為真題的出題順序與原文的相關位置是一致的。也就是說,第四題答案的位置絕不會在第三題前面(但模擬題遠非如此,所以模擬題較難)。因此我們答題時,不要一道題一道題地答,而要兩道兩道地做,前後呼應,能更好地定位。
⑧ 關於英語閱讀理解命題的特點和解題技巧
一、 細節理解題的命題特點及解題方法
在閱讀理解中,多數考題是針對文章中的細節設計的,目的在於考查學生對文章主體部分的理解程度。這類題旨在考查考生對事件、時間、地點、人物關系等細節的理解程度,快速捕捉細節以及多點歸納的能力。做細節理解題,需要考生具備細心觀察的品質和一定的解題技巧。與推理判斷類試題一樣,細節類試題的依據是文章本身的內容,它是我們答題的唯一依據。
二、 推理判斷題的命題特點及解題方法
文章信息不僅僅存在於文字表面,還包括字里行間作者未明言但意欲表達的意圖,即作者的「弦外之音」。高考英語試題中的推理判斷題,就是旨在考查考生對文章內涵的推理判斷能力。
做這類題時必須注意兩點:
一是推理的依據只能是文章本身的內容,一定要擺脫讀者對問題的主觀看法;
二是結合所讀短文以外的有關背景知識和事理邏輯,加以分析、推理,最後作出符合邏輯的判斷。
三、 主旨大意題的命題特點及解題方法
主旨大意題旨在考查考生把握全文主題大意和中心思想的能力,也包括分析、歸納文章段落大意、重要情節、人物特徵以及環境特點等能力。做這類試題需要考生具有總體把握文章的能力,以及善於運用概念、判斷、歸納推理等邏輯思維能力。同時應特別注意的是,一切從文章本身出發,切忌主觀臆斷。
四、 猜測詞義題的命題特點及解題方法
猜測詞義包括對片語和句意的理解,是高考英語試題中的常考題。答題者首先應該知道,這類題中的詞、片語或句子都是可以根據文章內容推知其含義的,這是命題的基本要求。根據所猜詞的特點,我們可以把它分成以下兩類:
1. 這個詞是可以分析的,即可以運用構詞法知識(如前、後綴等)來判斷它的詞義;
2. 有較完整連貫的語境,即有比較明確的情景限制,此時可根據上下文(包括對比、因果、同等關系等)推測其詞義;
針對這兩種試題的特點我么可以採用以下的答題方法:
1. 構詞法信息。對於派生法和合成法類詞,只要將已知詞的詞義或者前後綴的含義結合起來分析,便可以推知其詞義;對於轉化法類詞,則應根據它本身的基本含義,結合上下文的邏輯關系推知。
2. 上下文信息。包括對單詞詞義和片語含義的推斷,以及對整個句子意思的猜測。近幾年的高考試題中,猜測整個句意或者短語意思的試題越來越多。