Ⅰ 英語閱讀理解如何確定文章主題
這個問題問的很好，我曾經也有過這樣的疑問，一般來說，英語文章有一版種類似於古代八股文的模式，權在考試中，大多數閱讀理解都是關於環境問題，科學研究等，很少有關於生活的日記之類的，所以，首先文章首句挺重要的，因為老外比較直白，不會像我們似的老是愛用個引題什麼的。第一段的結尾部分也會強調作者的觀點和想要論證的句子，要細心。以上是對於一般情況來說的。個別情況肯定要個別討論了，閱讀確定不了文章主題關鍵問題還是「讀不懂」 生詞太多，句子結構太復雜，難理解，這些都是問題，所以根據自己的實際情況加強訓練。
Ⅱ 高中英語閱讀題關於文章主題應如何選擇
專題練習，仔細推敲
Ⅲ 怎樣能較快速地做出英語閱讀理解中概括文章主旨的題目
這是我的一點心得，不知道對你有沒有用，先通讀文章，如果大致上能看懂什麼意思的話，就找在文章里頻繁出現的詞句或是意思，如果還是不能確定，就看看答案比對一下
Ⅳ 英語閱讀理解把握文章主旨的步驟
分析文章，首先你知道文章的文體，是記敘文，說明文還是議論文？一般看題目版或者第一權段就能一目瞭然。
其次你要找出文章每一段的主題句，利用快速閱讀。主題句一般在每一段第一句或最後一句，作為一個概括或總結，中間一般是細節描寫或詳細說明。但是也有主題句在中間的情況，所以要具體問題具體分析。
把握文章結構，就是你要清楚這篇文章是總分還是分總還是總分總，清楚了文章結構就可以側重略讀和細讀的點。
個人觀點，望能幫助。
Ⅳ 如何掌握英文文章的主旨
南昌一中外語組： 庄蓉芳摘要：語文和英語兩門學科都是關於語言學習的，在掌握文章主旨的方法上有許多相同和相通之處。但盡管如此，不是每個學生都能順利地進行知識遷移，用我們的母語經驗去幫助掌握英文文章的主旨。本文將列舉五個典型案例來探究如何掌握英文文章的主旨常用的方法。關鍵詞：知識遷移 ，母語經驗， 英文文章的主旨， 常用方法 在閱讀任何一篇英文短文時，第一件要思考的事就是了解文章大意。英文短文有明顯的特點，那就是每一自然段的開頭或結尾句就是該段的主題句。可以說，絕大多數學生都知道這一特點，卻依舊無法准確的理解文章主旨。為什麼？因為了解這一特點僅僅是掌握文章主旨的初始階段，如何能將主題句有機地聯系在一起才是知識遷移的關鍵階段——即用語文學科中掌握主旨的知識去指導掌握英文文章主旨。 方法1：重視第一自然段的作用。第一自然段主要有兩個作用：第一：拋磚引玉，引出下文；第二：總括全文，即文章主旨段落。 例題一、2006年高考題重慶卷閱讀C篇When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated ring the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts ,objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago. Underwaterarchaeology-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a proct of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment .Besides the Swedish ship wreck(殘骸），underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea. Underwater archaeology can provide facts abut the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years. There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of peoples way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors. Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘機）often used to repair ports. These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater 「museums」 of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures. 全文共三段，第一自然段講了發現了一艘1628的沉船，歷史學家和科學家們歡呼雀躍有機會了解過去的遺跡；第二自然段講了水下考古學的的定義；第三自然段講了水下考古學的作用。如果，學生非常清楚第一自然段的主要作用，就很容易發現第一自然段是拋磚引玉引起下文而不是總括全文，全文主要講的是水下考古學。 63. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage? A. To provide background information of the topic B. To attract readers' attention to the topic C. To use an example to support the topic D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic 所以該考題答案應選擇B。 例題二、2011年高考題福建卷閱讀理解D篇 Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展現) herself as she did nowhere else.After the death of her second husband, Greek shipping magnate Aristotie Onassis laqueline』s close friend and former White House social secretary Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing. After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it. Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life .She became not less but more interested in reading. For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher』s editor, first at Viking, then at Doubleday ,pursuing（追求）a late-life career longer than her two marriages combined. During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books. Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes. She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book ,The Power of Myth. The book went on to become an international best-seller. She dealt too. with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(自傳)，Moonwalk.Jaequeline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations, but she soon proved her worth.. Her choices, suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself. In the books she selected for publication, she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind. Her books are the autobiography she never wrote, Her role as First lady, in the end, was overshadowed by her performance as an editor. However, few knew that she had achieved so much. 全文共三段。第一自然段的主旨是肯尼迪夫人Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis 在生命的最後二十多年作為一名編輯，在工作中表現比她以前做的任何事情都出色；第二自然段的主旨是在她第二任丈夫去世後，她接受了進入出版業的建議；第三自然段的主旨是她被僱傭也許是因為她的名聲和社會關系，但很快她就證明了她的價值。很明顯，第一自然段是總括段落。 The passage is mainly A. an introction of Jacqueline』s life both as Fist Lady and as editor. B. a brief description of Jacqueline』s lifelong experiences. C. a brief account of Jacqueline』s career as an editor in her last 20 years. D. an analysis of Jacqueline』s social relations in publishing 所以該考題答案是C. 方法2：利用分段理順主題句之間的關系。這種方法很適用於篇幅較長，段落較多的傳記、議論文和說明文。 例題一、2011年高考題浙江卷閱讀理解C篇 ① In the more and more competitive service instry , it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today , customer 「delight」 is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share.②It is accepted in the marketing instry , and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people : those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal ③ New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example , many companies now have to invest(投資)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the 「phone rage」—caused by delays in answering calls ,being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.④「Many people do not like talking to machines ,」says Dr . Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketng at City University Business School.「Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them .The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust— the sort of comfortable feelings people have ring face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.」 ⑤ Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be calmed out within five hours ,but getting it done within two );replacing a faulty proct immediately : throwing in a gift voucher(購物禮卷)as an unexpected 「thank you」 to rental customers ;and always returning calls ,even when they are complaints. ⑥ Aiming for customer delight is all very well , but if services do not reach the high level promised , disappointment or worse will be the result . This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example,「 I know how you must feel」) , and possible solutions (replacement , compensation or whatever fames suggests best meets the case). ⑦Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care . Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather ,unclaimed luggage and technical problems . ⑧For British Airways staff , a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times . They are trained to answer quickly ,with their name , job title and a 「we are here to help」 attitude. The company has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen. ⑨ British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service. ⑩Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as "we do as we please」. On the other hand , the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment. 這是一篇議論文，一共有十個自然段。十個主題句如果不加以進一步的整理，很難在短時間里看出全文的主旨。分段是整理多段落文章的一個很實用的方法。議論文分段要考慮論點、論據和論證，文章主要由提出問題（what）、分析問題(why)、和解決問題(how)幾個部分構成這些因素。這篇文章根據提出問題（what）、分析問題(why)、和解決問題(how)等三個因素大體可以分成三大段，第一段包括①②自然段，提出問題，即盡力取悅顧客是很多公司保住或增加市場份額的方法，並講述了原因；第二大段包括③④自然段，分析問題，即照顧好客人在出現電話和網路等購物方式時面臨的新挑戰；第三大段包括⑤-⑩自然段，解決問題，即在取悅顧客的多種方法中，特別要注意一項原則「許諾越多，失望的幾率就越大，不要輕易許諾」。文章用了六個自然段放在解決問題這一塊，用意非常明顯。文章的主題應該是：現在，面臨新的挑戰，取悅顧客依然是好的經營策略，但具體使用不同方法時一定要注意一項原則「許諾越多，失望的幾率就就越大，不要輕易許諾」，這樣，才能真正實現取悅顧客的經營策略。 55. Which of the following is conveyed in this article? A. Face-to-face service creates comfortable feelings among customers. B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers. C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market. D. Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks. 所以，該考題答案應選擇C。 例題二、20011年高考題江蘇卷閱讀理解A篇①We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn』t we know who they are?②Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she』s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning 「who」 invented 」what」, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the」 why」 and 」how」 questions. According to Mclean,」 When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.」③Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean』s statement. 「If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper』s invention,」 said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, 「 I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience ring a rainstorm into something so constructive. 「 Lee is currently negotiating to see his patent to an umbrella procer.④So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to Mew York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights ,so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn』t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作桿)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. ⑤Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，It』s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan』s traffic light. It』s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J.Blodgett』s innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses? 這篇文章在分析過程中有一點曲折之處，這要特別注意。其中①④⑤三個自然段能構成一個完整主題即「我們也應該去了解那些不知名的發明家，因為他們的發明是我們從中受益 」。而且，①、⑤兩段正好是文章的開頭段和結尾段，是我們通常認為的最重要的兩個段落。所以這個主題很容易被誤解成這樣。但是，如果考慮分段，就會發現一個矛盾，若按這樣的主題，那②、③自然段，主旨是「老師Joan McLean和她的學生都認為要開關於不知名的發明家的課程」，放在文章的中間是不是有點問題？而且這個文章主旨顯然沒有包括②、③自然段。所以，這篇文章要重新考慮-----文章的開頭段應是引出話題，然後進入正文，說要開Invention Courses這種課程，④、⑤自然段則是解釋為什麼開這種的課的原因。 59. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Procers? B How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window? C Shouldn』t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D Shouldn』t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 文章的主旨的我們為什麼要開Invention Courses，所以，該考題答案為D。 方法3：找出內在的聯系線索。 例題一、2011年高考題安徽卷閱讀理解B篇 Think about the different ways that people use the wind . You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat . Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power source(來源), as well as one of the oldest . Evidence shows that windmills(風車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC . They were first introced to Europe ring the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to grind(磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground . When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used. During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity . People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever . Then, wind was rediscovered , though it means higher coasts. Today , there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. 文章共三段，第一段主旨是風能不僅僅是最干凈豐富的資源還是最古老的能源之一；第二自然段的主旨是幾個世紀以來，人們都使用風能，但在上世紀40年代，由於電力的發明，風能很少被利用；第三自然段的主旨是今天，全球都有利用風能發電的傾向。不要孤立每一段落，將三個主旨聯系起來就可以看出文章在敘述風能利用的發展史。 63.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. The advantage of wind power. B. The design of wind power plants. C. The worldwide movement to save energy. D. The global trend towards procing power from wind. 後面作者會寫什麼？當然還是風能發展。所以該題答案為D. 在理解英文文章主旨中，靈活運用我們在學習語文中理解文章主旨的方法會有很多益處。首先，思維上輕車熟路，這會加快分析英文文章的速度；其次，加強了學生對文章重點涉及的問題的記憶。當學生回去尋找答案時，速度會更為迅速。再次，強化了學生的閱讀記憶能力。這為提高了閱讀速度和閱讀質量打下了堅實的基礎。我們知道，對語言文字的過度推理會引起了理解力的減弱。正如熊學亮先生（1999）所說的，「認知的加倍投入並不等於加倍的獲得信息」。 高考閱讀理解題中關於文章主旨題的提問角度也是在檢查和督促學生將語文學科中獲得的掌握主旨方法運用到英語學科中的知識遷移過程。 所以無論是從提高自身的英文閱讀理解能力上說，還是從提高應試能力上說，掌握這些方法都是很有必要的。
Ⅵ 英語閱讀中的主旨題和細節題怎樣劃分
從題目表述一般就能區分.主旨題一般主語是文章或段落,問法是主要說啥?大意是專啥?或者就是問標題屬.細節題要麼是問哪句對哪句不對,要麼就文章某內容進行具體提問.總的來說,主旨題題干一般很籠統,細節題除了判斷對錯題干一般會談得很具體.其實這兩種你一看題腦子思路都不一樣,倒是細節和推斷難分.
Ⅶ 如何掌握英文文章的主旨
在掌握文章主旨的方法上有許多相同和相通之處.但盡管如此,不是每個學生都能順利地進行知識遷移,用我們的母語經驗去幫助掌握英文文章的主旨.本文將列舉五個典型案例來探究如何掌握英文文章的主旨常用的方法.關鍵詞：知識遷移 ,母語經驗, 英文文章的主旨, 常用方法 在閱讀任何一篇英文短文時,第一件要思考的事就是了解文章大意.英文短文有明顯的特點,那就是每一自然段的開頭或結尾句就是該段的主題句.可以說,絕大多數學生都知道這一特點,卻依舊無法准確的理解文章主旨.為什麼?因為了解這一特點僅僅是掌握文章主旨的初始階段,如何能將主題句有機地聯系在一起才是知識遷移的關鍵階段——即用語文學科中掌握主旨的知識去指導掌握英文文章主旨. 方法1：重視第一自然段的作用.第一自然段主要有兩個作用：第一：拋磚引玉,引出下文；第二：總括全文,即文章主旨段落. 例題一、2006年高考題重慶卷閱讀C篇When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated ring the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts ,objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.
Underwaterarchaeology-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a proct of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment .Besides the Swedish ship wreck(殘骸）,underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.
Underwater archaeology can provide facts abut the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years. There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of peoples way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors. Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘機）often used to repair ports. These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater 「museums」 of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures. 全文共三段,第一自然段講了發現了一艘1628的沉船,歷史學家和科學家們歡呼雀躍有機會了解過去的遺跡
Ⅷ 英文閱讀所要說的主題一般出現在什麼位置
老外寫文章一般喜歡直接了當，主題也就是我們所說的論點都是放在最開頭的地方。然後後面就是大段的話來論證這么一個觀點。不像中國人寫文章，喜歡曲曲折折，彎彎繞繞，最好才點出真正的觀點。