Ⅰ 初三下冊英語語法
九年級英語Unit12
1. be supposed to do . 應該 如： We are supposed to stop smoking. 我們應該停止吸煙。
知識拓展 表示應該的詞有：should, ought to ,be supposed to
2. shake hands 握手 shake 本意是「搖動、震動」
3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
你本應該問清楚怎麼樣穿才得體。中的「should have asked」是
「情態動詞＋現在完成時」表示過去本應該做某事，事實上沒有做
如：She should have gone to Beijing. 她本應該去了北京。（沒有去）
4. be relaxed about sth. 對某事隨意、不嚴格 如：
They are relaxed about the time. 他們對時間很隨意。
5. pretty adv. 相當,很＝very She is pretty friendly. 她相當友好。
adj. 美麗的 She is a pretty girl.她是一個美麗的女孩。
6. make plans to do == plan to do. 打算做某事 如：
She has made plans to go to Beijing.==She has planed to go to Beijing.
7. drop by 訪問 看望 拜訪 串門
We just dropped by our friends』 homes.我們剛剛去朋友家串門。
8. on time 按時
9. after all 畢竟 終究 如： You see I was right after all.你看，畢竟還是我對了。
10. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事 如：
Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉請我吃晚飯。
11. without 沒有
12. around the world == all over the world 全世界
13. pick up 撿起 挑選 如：He picked up his hat. 他撿起他的帽子。
14. start doing == start to do 開始做某事 如
He started reading.== He started to read. 他開始讀。
15. point at 指向
16. stick v. 剌 截 n. 棒，棍
chopstick 筷子 是由chop(砍)＋stick(棒)合成，通常用復數形式：chopsticks
17. go out of one』s way to do 特意，專門做某事 如：
He went out of his way to make me happy. 他特意使我高興。
18. make mistakes 犯錯誤（復數）make a mistake 犯錯誤（一個）
19. be different from 與…不同 如：
Chinese food is different from theirs. 中國菜與他們的不同.
20. get/be used to sth. 習慣於…
get/be used to doing 習慣於…
be used to do 被用於做…
be used for doing 被用於做…
used to do 過去常常做… 如：
I wash clothes everyday. But I』m used to it.
我每天都洗衣服，但我習慣了
I am used to washing clothes. 我習慣於洗衣服了。
The knives are used to cut things. 小刀被用來切東西。
The knives are used for cutting things. 小刀被用來切東西。
She used to watch TV after school. 她過去放學後常常看電視。
21. 我發現要記住每一樣事是困難的。
I find it difficult to remember everything.
形式賓語 真正賓語
常見的形式賓語有： find / think + it/them +形容詞 to do sth. 如：
I think it hard to study English.
22. cut up 切開 切碎 如：Let』s cut up the water melon. 讓我們切開這個西瓜吧。
23. make a toast 敬酒
24. crowd v.擠滿 其形容詞和過去式及過去分詞都是：crowded
25. set n. 一套 v. 設置
26. can』t stop doing 忍不住做某事 I can』t stop laughing. 我忍不住笑
27. make faces 做鬼臉
28. face to face 面對面
29. learn…by oneself 自學 如： I learn English by my self. 我自學英語。
是要這種的嗎？我只有1到12單元的
Ⅱ 初三英文語法（要最詳細的~）
初三語法講義
一．動詞（一）名詞
名詞分類：可數名詞，不可數名詞可數名詞變復數
1． 在名詞詞尾加-s
girl, girls; table, tables; roof, roofs; school, schools
2.以o, s, sh, ch, x結尾的名詞，加-es
tomato, tomatoes; class, classes; watch, watches; bush, bushes
3.以o結尾加-s
piano, pianos; photo, photos
4.以輔音字母加y結尾的，去掉y，加-ies
baby, babies; family, families; university, universities
5.以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s
toy, toys; monkey, monkeys; guy, guys
6.以f或者fe結尾的，去掉f, fe加-ves
wife, wives; life, lives; wolf, wolves; calf, calves
7. 改變形式的復數
man, men; child, children; foot, feet; mouse, mice; tooth, teeth
8.單數復數形式一樣
fish, fish; sheep, sheep; deer, deer; swine, swine
9.特殊詞彙的復數
looker-on, lookers-on; passer-by, passers-by
不可數名詞沒有數的概念
名詞所有格
1．一般情況』s
2．表示時間、距離、城市、國家
today』s paper at arms』 length a mile』s journey
Beijing』s weather China』s economy
3．of表示所有格 4．雙重所有格
a friend of mine a child of hers
（二）代詞
人稱代詞 人稱 單數 復數 主格 賓格
第一人稱
I me we us
第二人稱
you you you you
第三人稱
he him
they them
she her
it it
物主代詞
單數復數第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱
形容詞性物主代詞
My Your His Her Its Our Your Their
名詞性物主代詞
Mine Yours His Hers Its Ours Yours Theirs
反身代詞人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數
myselfyourselfhimself herself itself
復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselves
相互代詞each other/one another
不定代詞another/other/others
（三）數詞
基數詞
One two three four five six…..Hundreds of 正確數詞+hundred 正確
Hundred of 錯誤數詞+hundreds 錯誤數詞+hundreds of 錯誤
序數詞First second third fourth….
分數1/3 one third2/3 two thirds
（四）冠詞不定冠詞
例句用於可數名詞單數形式前
usan is a scientist.Pass me an orange, please.
不特指某人或某物
A boy is looking for you.
We work five days a week.
表示「一」的數量，但沒有one強烈
We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow.
I have a mouth, a nose, two eyes and two ears.
用於固定片語中
A few, a little, a lot of, a moment ago
定冠詞
例句特指某人或者某物
Show me the photo of the boy.
雙方都知道的事物或人
Where are the new books, Jim?
They are on the small table.
上文提過的人或物
Ji Wei lives on a farm. The farm is not big.
獨一無二
The sun is bigger than the moon.
序數詞和形容詞最高級前
The first month of the year is January.
普通名詞構成的專有名詞前
The Great Wall
習慣用語
In the morning
On the left
零冠詞
用法
例句
專有名詞和不可數名詞前
China
名詞已經有定語this, that, my, your, some, any等
That letter is in her bag.
復數名詞表示一類人或物
My father and mother are teachers.
星期、月份、季節、節日前
It is Sunday today.
稱呼前
What colour are Mrs. Green』s shoes?
三餐和球類運動前
He went to school before breakfast this morning.
（五）介詞
多數考察為固定搭配，需要死記硬背
（六）形容詞與副詞
規則變化
構成方法
原級
比較級
最高級
單音節和少數雙音 節詞
一般在詞尾加-er/est
Cold
Strong
Fast
slow
Colder
Stronger
Faster
slower
Coldest
Strongest
Fastest
slowest
以字母e結尾的形容詞，在詞尾加-r/-st
Nice
large
Nicer
larger
Nicest
largest
重讀閉音節詞只有一個輔音字母時雙寫輔音字母，加-er/-est
Big
Thin
hot
Bigger
Thinner
hotter
Biggest
Thinnest
hottest
以輔音字母+y結尾的雙音節詞改y為i加-er/est
Easy
happy
Easier
happier
Easiest
happiest
部分雙音節詞
在詞前面加more/most
Delicious
Interesting
Easily
Carefully
More Delicious
More Interesting
More Easily
More Carefully
Most Delicious
Most Interesting
Most Easily
Most Carefully
不規則變化
原級
比較級
最高級
Good/well
Bad/badly/ill
Many/much
Little
far
Better
Worse
more
Less
Father
further
Best
Worst
Most
Least
Farthest
furthest
形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法
級
用法
例句
比較級
表示兩者的比較
Mr. King is taller than Mr. Read.
最高級
表示三者或者三者以上的比較
Whose drawing is the best of all?
She is the youngest in the class.
同級比較
I think science is as important as maths.
It is not as(so) warm today as yesterday.
二．動詞
（一） 時態
1．一般現在時
三單變形
情況
變化規則
例詞
一般情況
加-s
come, comes; learn, learns
以o,s,x,ch,sh結尾的詞
加-es
pass, passes; do, does
以輔音加y結尾的詞
變y為i加-es
fly, flies; cry, cries
2.現在進行時
現在分詞構成方法
情況及變化
例詞
一般情況，在動詞原形後加-ing
go, going; see, seeing
以不發音的e結尾的動詞去掉e加-ing
take, taking; live, living
以重讀閉音節結尾的詞，如果詞尾只有一個輔音字母，先把詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加-ing
plan, planning; cut, cutting; forget, forgetting
以ie結尾的詞變ie為y加-ing
die, dying; lie, lying; tie, tying
以ye和oe結尾的詞，直接加-ing
eye, eyeing; dye, dyeing
3.一般將來時
shall
will
be going to
4一般過去時
規則動詞過去構成
構成規則
原形
過去式
一般動詞在尾加-ed
look
play
start
looked
played
stared
結尾是e的動詞加-d
live
hope
use
lived
hoped
used
末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節，雙寫輔音字母，加-ed
stop
plan
trip
stopped
planned
tripped
結尾是輔音字母+y的動詞，變y為i加-ed
study
carry
worry
studied
carried
worried
詞尾 –ed的讀音
讀音
例詞
濁輔音和母音後
/d/
called borrowed
moved enjoyed
welcomed answered
清輔音後
/t/
finished helped
passed cooked
在t, d後面
/id/
wanted shouted
needed counted
5．過去進行時
was/were+現在分詞
6．現在完成時
have/has+過去分詞
用法一：表示從過去發生一直到現在，特點：用延續動詞，加段時間狀語
用法二：表示過去發生的事情而不用一般過去時，特點：不用延續動詞，不加段時間狀語
構成
7．過去完成時
時間軸：
--------------+--------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------à
A B C
過去的過去 過去 現在
（過去完成時態）
用法一：表示從過去發生一直到過去一時間，特點：用延續動詞，加段時間狀語
用法二：表示過去的過去發生的事情
8．過去將來時
不是考試的重點
（二） 被動語態
使用情況：不知道誰是主語
不強調主語
用來表示客觀的表達
構成：助動詞be+過去分詞
有些動詞主動語態中省略了不定式在變為被動語態時要講TO補充出來（非謂語動詞重點講解）
（三） 情態動詞
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)
dare/need
dare
肯定
否定
情態動詞
dare do
dare not do
實意動詞
dare/dares to do
do/does not dare to do
need
肯定
否定
情態動詞
need do
need not do
實意動詞
need / need s to do
do/does not need to do
may/can
may表示許可
can 表示自身能力
can/be able to區別
a) Can只有現在和過去兩個時態，be able to可以是任何時態
b) Can 不強調結果一定成功，be able to暗示結果一定成功
must表示必須，否定用needn』t
mustn』t表示禁止
（四） 非謂語動詞
1． 不定式to do
否定不定式為not to do
可以省略不定式to的詞
let/make/have/see/hear/watch/notice/feel/look at/listen to
注意：在以上詞出現在被動句中時要將to補充出來
2． 現在分詞與過去分詞
flying bird可以表達成the bird is flying.
broken arm可以表達成 the arm is broken
現在分詞強調過程，過去分詞強調結果
falling leaf/fallen leaf
boiling water/boiled water
3.動詞後加動詞的不同形式
(1)、加to doing
devote to doing/ get down to doing/ object to doing/ look forward to doing/ be used to doing
(2)、加to do
afford/agree/ask/attempt/choose/decide/hope/expect/intend/learn/manage/offer/plan/pretend/promise/refuse/wish
(3)、加doing
admit/appreciate/avoid/can』t help/stand/enjoy/escape/put off/risk/give up
(4)、加to do/doing都可以的但是意思有區別的
forget/remember/stop
(5)、加do/doing都可以但是意思有區別的
see/notice/hear
三．簡單句
（一） 反意疑問句
反意疑問句
反意疑問句用來表示提問者有一定的主見，但是沒有把握，希望對方來證實。
The weather here is very cold, isn』t it? Yes, it is.
You』re from Australia, aren』t you? yes, I am.
對反意疑問句回答，不管問題的提法如何，事實是肯定的就用肯定回答，否定的就要用否定的回答。
He isn』t going to the meeting, is he?
Yes, he is. 不，他要去的
No, he isn』t. 對，他不去
反意疑問句通常由一個陳述句和一個疑問句組成。當陳述句為肯定時，疑問句為否定；當陳述句為否定時，疑問句為肯定。但是以下幾個要注意：
1. 陳述部分主語 I, 疑問部分要用aren』t I
I am as tall as your sister, aren』t I ?
2. 陳述部分謂語是wish, 疑問部分要用may+主語
I wish to have a word with you, may I ?
3. 陳述部分用no, nothing, nobody ,never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定。
The Swede made no answer, did he?
4.有ought to的，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldn』t/oughtn』t+主語
He ought to know what to do, oughtn』t he?
5. 陳述部分有have to疑問部分用don』t+主語
we have to get there at eight tomorrow, don』t we?
6．陳述部分謂語是used to，疑問部分用didn』t+主語或者didn』t+主語
He used to take pictures there, didn』t he?
7．陳述部分有had better疑問句用hadn』t you?
You』d better read it by yourself, hadn』t you?
8.陳述部分有would rather疑問句用wouldn』t +主語
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn』t he?
9．陳述部分有．陳述部分有you』d like to疑問部分用wouldn』t+主語
You』d like to go with me, wouldn』t you?
10．感嘆句中，疑問部分用謂語+主語
What colours, aren』t they?
what a smell, isn』t it?
11陳述部分由neither…nor, either…or疑問部分根據實際邏輯意義而定
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
12． 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或者不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this疑問部分主語it
Everything is ready, isn』t it?
13.陳述部分為主語從句，疑問部分要根據情況而定
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn』t he?
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
I don』t think he is bright, is he?
14陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等疑問部分常用復數they
Everyone knows the answer, don』t they?
15.省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you
don』t do that again, will you?
16.陳述部分是there be結構，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞
There is something wrong with your watch, isn』t here?
17．否定前綴不能視為否定詞
it is impossible, isn』t it?
18．Must表示推測時，根據其推測情況來確定
He must be there now, isn』t he?
（二）感嘆句
How cold it is today!
What a good idea!
（三）祈使句
肯定類型
Be careful!
Come in, please.
Let me have a look.
否定類型
Don』t be lazy.
Don』t throw the ball like that.
Let him not go there./ Don』t let her go there
四．復合句
（一） 定語從句
We all like Old Fish that is handsome.
先行詞 關系詞
關系代詞： which, who, whom, whose, that
關系副詞：when, why, where
1．先行詞指人，用who/whom
（1）who可以做主語、賓語、或者表語，但who之前不能有介詞
（2）whom只能做賓語或者表語，但在all of/many of加先行詞時後只能加whom
注意：who.whom做賓語可以省略
2．先行詞為物，用which
（1）which可以代單詞
（2）which可以代短語
（3）which可以代句子
3．that與which區別
（1）只能用that情況
先行詞有人有物
先行詞為 all, little, few, much, none, the first, etc
先行詞為不定代詞
先行詞前修飾詞為 any, only, every, no, some, much, few, little, the first, the best, the only, the on, the very, the right, the last
（2）只能用which情況
非限定性定語從句
關系詞前有介詞
4．whose表示所屬關系
（1）whose後加名詞
（2）可以代人可以代物
（3）先行詞加whose加名詞=先行詞加名詞 of which結構
介詞+關系代詞=關系副詞
關系代詞後加不完整句
關系副詞/介詞+關系代詞後加完整句
主系表： 主系表都有， 完整句
主系表缺一個，不完整句
主謂賓：謂語動詞為及物動詞：主謂賓都有，完整句
主謂賓缺一個，不完整句
謂語動詞為不及物動詞： 主+動詞+介詞+賓語，完整句
主+動詞，完整句
主+動詞+介詞，不完整句
（二） 狀語從句
時間狀語從句：when, before, after, while, since, as, till, as soon as, the moment….
地點狀語從句: where, wherever
條件狀語從句：if, unless, so long as, as long as, in case, if only, provided that….
原因狀語從句：because, since, as, now that
結果狀語從句：so, so that, so…that, such…that
讓步狀語從句：though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever
目的狀語從句: that, so that, so, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest
比較狀語從句：than, as…as, so…as
五．主謂一致
就近原則
or, nor, either or, neither nor, not only…but also
就前原則
as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except
集體名詞的主謂一致
people, cattle, youth, police+復數謂語
machinery, equipment, furniture+單數謂語
audience, committee, crew, family, government, army, enemy, group, staff, team, couple, band+可單可復
時間、地點等數量概念的主謂一致
謂語用單數
Ten miles is a long way to go.
a of b結構中的主謂一致
按照A來確定謂語
a pair of trousers is enough.
Two pair of trousers are enough.
以S結尾的主謂一直問題：地理名詞、群島山脈等風景、學科名詞
國家加單數謂語： the United States
地理名詞，群島山脈等風景加復數謂語： the West Indies, Himalayas, Straits of England
學科名詞加單數謂語： politics, economics
六．習慣用語
七．固定搭配
八．介詞搭配
（一） 介詞＋名詞
against one』s will
at a loss
at one time
at home
at the same time
at work
at night
beside the point
by chance
by the way
by the end of
by all means
for the time being
for the sake of
from beginning to end
from time to time
in the end
in surprise
in trouble
in the street
in English
in a word
in the meantime
in vain
in need
in half
in no time
in a low voice
in the least
in public
in life
in a minute
in the eyes of
in time
in sight of
in place of
in detail
in a hurry
in any case
in case
in charge of
in bed
in addition to
in the course of
in particular
in time of
in return
in spite of
in reply to
in memory of
in honour of
in fear of
influence on
off hand
on guard against
on the ground
on the radio
on the way
on the right
on purpose
on strike
on account of
on sale
on the air
on time
out of work
out of order
on behalf of
on watch
on the whole
on show
on day
out of sight
out of repair
out of place
out of practice
out of date
out of breath
over the radio
to this day
thousands of
on the one hand, on the other hand
（二）形容詞＋介詞
absent from
aware of
apart from
according to
anxious for
angry at
afraid of
busy with
careful of
cruel to
e to
different from
equal to
be familiar to sb
be familiar with sth
be famous for
far from
fond of
full of
fussy about
grateful for
good at
hard on
interested in
instead of
kind to
keen on
late for
opposite to
once for all
polite to
proude of
ready for
responsible for
short of
sorry for
strict with
thankful to
wrong with
（三）動詞＋介詞
act on
answer for
agree to
agree with
agree on
arrive at
aim at
ask after
ask for
borrow from
believe in
belong to
break into
beat down on
begin at
base on
consist of
congratulate on
come to an end
compare with
compare to
care for
change for
change from to
clear up
catch up with
come across
come into
call up
call for
catch hold of
call on
depend on
do away with
disagree with
die of
die from
die for
devote to
engaged in
end with
fit in with
fail in
find out
give up
get over
get on
get on
get in touch with
get ready for
get in
go in for
grow up
give in
give lessons to
get up
go on
go all out
go through
go over
go down
go on with
go without
hand in
have nothing to do with
have something to do with
have a look at
head for
help with
have a word with
have words with
hope for
introce to
be inspired by
insist on
interfere with
join in
keep on
knock at
keep up with
long for
look up to
look up
learn by heart
leave for
look for
lie in
live on
laugh at
look down upon
look forward to
look through
meet with
make up one』s mind
make friends with
make room for
owe to
operate on
pay attention to
play with
put up
put off
point out
put up with
prevent from
persist in
put into practice
run out of
reply to
recover from
rely on
rob of
run over
result from
result in
set an example to
set about
set out
succeed in
speak of
supply with
share in
share with
settle in
see through
send for
stand by
stand for
stop from
spend on
show around
talk about
tide over
turn against
turn into
turn to
think of
think about
take care of
take off
turn out
turn round
turn up
take part in
to begin with
wait for
watch out for
write to
wake up
watch over
（四）過去分詞＋介詞
be absorbed in
be burdened with
be connected with
be covered with
be crowded with
be dressed in
be engaged to
be equipped with
be experienced in
be filed with
be furnished with
be interested in
be joined to
be known as
be known for
be made into
be made up of
be married to
be pleased with
be prepared for
be regarded as
be satisfied with
be ashamed of
be tired of
be terrified at
（五）動詞＋名詞＋介詞
apply ones』 mind to
catch sight of
do harm to
do wrong to
feel pity for
fix one』s eyes on
form the habit of
get a good hold of
give advice on
have none of
have trust in
have difficulty in
have trouble in
have effect on
have mercy on
have the honour of
keep a record of
make fun of
make best use of
make an apology
make one』s way to
make preparations for
make a mistake about
pass a judgment on
set fire to
put one』s heart and soul into
shake hands with
take aim at
take the side of
throw light on
take pride in
take delight in
take a message for
（六）動詞＋副詞＋介詞
add up to
break away from
be up to
cut down on
come up to
do well in
drop in on
face up to
fit in with
fall back on
get though with
get down to
get along with
go out of
go on with
go back on
go out of
go in for
grow out of
go ahead with
keep away from
keep up with
live up to
make up for
make up with
make out of
think highly of
watch out for
work hard at
（七）動詞＋介詞＋名詞
arrive at a conclusion
burst into pieces
burst into tears
burst into laughter
come to the rescue
come into use
come into power
come into effect
come into light
come to a conclusion
get in a word
set to work take on a new look
Ⅲ 什麼樣的英語語法書比較適合初三的學生
初中語法大全。。。水平一般的薄冰就可以，新版薄冰英語語法(初中修訂版) 薄冰 開明出版社 卓越賣8塊6 點撥也不錯 榮德基寫的 吉林教育出版社 我那時就用這個 數學跟英語都不錯 不過這個不僅是語法啊~ 大概十幾二十塊 星火 倒是很專業 不過星火專業英語的名氣明顯比初中英語名氣大~ 可能對初三有點一般 新華出版社 要是以後想學英語專業或者你是水平很高的孩子 推薦張道真的書~ 夠你用一輩子的~~ 張道真實用英語語法(最新版) 張道真 外語教學與研究出版社 卓越賣26.60 咱說實話啊，語法書呢，如果不是專業研究語言學的最好不要看，因為越好的書越細致，也越難，初三的水平要完全看懂幾乎是不可能的，而且越看越亂。如果你最高目標也就是過個大英六級，糊弄糊弄就行~，畢竟你還有別的科目要學，在語法上浪費太多時間很不值得的~。 初三的語法其實很不完善，或者以我個人經驗來說，幾乎可以稱為「自成體系」。這么說是因為老師們多年教學經驗積累和以訛傳訛，可能以後高中老師會告訴你以前你學的是錯的，大學你會發現你學的好多都是錯的……那個，中考考察的內容幾乎是固定的，也就是說只要知道總考哪些類型的語法，背下來就行，不用完整的把語法都弄懂。所以說啊，上課一定好好聽講啊！！因為他「自成體系」，買書看遠遠不及上課聽來的合算啊！市面上亂七八糟的書也太多，買不好裡面好多說的都是錯的。聽不懂一定要問老師，別不好意思，老師是有很多經驗的，他能一句給你講明白的東西，可能你看書要看好半天也不懂~。多問問老師近幾年考察的重點，這個一般不會變的~，畢竟初中英語語法就那麼一點東西~。 簡單說就是一定好好聽講，不懂的死纏爛打也得問~。多練練歷年真題，很有幫助的！ 我大學是學英語的，希望我說的能對你有所幫助啊~~ 中考加油↖(^ω^)↗參考資料： http://..com/question/127274024.html
Ⅳ 推薦一本初三英語語法書
水平一般的薄冰就可以，
新版薄冰英語語法(初中修訂版) 薄冰 開明出版社 卓越賣8塊6
點撥也不錯 榮德基寫的 吉林教育出版社 我那時就用這個 數學跟英語都不錯 不過這個不僅是語法啊~ 大概十幾二十塊
星火 倒是很專業 不過星火專業英語的名氣明顯比初中英語名氣大~ 可能對初三有點一般 新華出版社
要是以後想學英語專業或者你是水平很高的孩子 推薦張道真的書~ 夠你用一輩子的~~
張道真實用英語語法(最新版) 張道真 外語教學與研究出版社 卓越賣26.60
咱說實話啊，語法書呢，如果不是專業研究語言學的最好不要看，因為越好的書越細致，也越難，初三的水平要完全看懂幾乎是不可能的，而且越看越亂。如果你最高目標也就是過個大英六級，糊弄糊弄就行~，畢竟你還有別的科目要學，在語法上浪費太多時間很不值得的~。
初三的語法其實很不完善，或者以我個人經驗來說，幾乎可以稱為「自成體系」。這么說是因為老師們多年教學經驗積累和以訛傳訛，可能以後高中老師會告訴你以前你學的是錯的，大學你會發現你學的好多都是錯的……那個，中考考察的內容幾乎是固定的，也就是說只要知道總考哪些類型的語法，背下來就行，不用完整的把語法都弄懂。所以說啊，上課一定好好聽講啊！！因為他「自成體系」，買書看遠遠不及上課聽來的合算啊！市面上亂七八糟的書也太多，買不好裡面好多說的都是錯的。聽不懂一定要問老師，別不好意思，老師是有很多經驗的，他能一句給你講明白的東西，可能你看書要看好半天也不懂~。多問問老師近幾年考察的重點，這個一般不會變的~，畢竟初中英語語法就那麼一點東西~。
簡單說就是一定好好聽講，不懂的死纏爛打也得問~。多練練歷年真題，很有幫助的！
我大學是學英語的，希望我說的能對你有所幫助啊~~ 中考加油↖(^ω^)↗
Ⅳ 初中英語語法有什麼必會的
語法上必會的有:名詞的可數和不可數，可數的復數形式。代詞中的人稱代詞主格，賓格，物主代詞的名詞和形容詞形式。反身代詞和疑問代詞及副詞。動詞的時態和語態。
Ⅵ 初三年級應該掌握的英語語法
1、被動語態
2、定語從句
3、狀語從句
4、直接引語與間接引語
5、賓語從句
Ⅶ 求人教版初三英語教材語法及單詞部分。
人教版初三英語教材語法及單詞
第五冊片語t共372個〕
1．near the fireplace 在火爐旁
2．sit down 坐下
3．jump up 跳起來
4．be angry with sb. 跟某人生氣
5．get into the room through the window 從窗戶進入房間
6．have lessons 上課
7．have to 必須，不得不
8．be wet through 全部濕透
9．on one's back 在某人的背上
10．read through the newspaper 通讀報紙
11．be cold and hungry 又冷又餓
12．next morning 第二天早晨
13．make sth. for sb. 為某人做…
14．buy sth. for sb. 為某人買東西
15．help sb．with sth. 在某方面幫助某人 help sb．(to) do sth．幫助某人做某事
16．run out of the house 跑出房間
17．keep sth. 保留東西
18．keep oneself clean 保持個人衛生
19．a bit cheapcr 便宜一點兒
20．hand sth．to sb. 把某物遞給某人．hand in sth．to sb．上交某人某物
21．put up one's hand 舉手
22．put on 穿上 take off 脫下
23．jump up 跳起
24．be ready to do sth 淮備做某事
25．all kinds of 各種各樣
26．show sb. sth. 向某人展示某事
27．begin to do sth．開始做某事
28．make…from 用……製作
29．be back soon 一會兒就回來
30．in one's hand 在手裡
31. again and again 一次又一次
32．wait a moment 等一會
33．have no money 沒錢
34．come back withouu the coat 沒有穿衣服回來
35．understand his kind father 理解他好心的父親
36．be afraid 害怕
37．a map of Beijing (China , the world) 一張北京地圖
38．at the end of this class 這節課結束
39．Sorry to trouble you. 對不起給你找麻煩了。
40．No trouble at all．沒有一點兒麻煩。
41．football team 足球隊
42．play against 對賽
43．a good player 一名好遠動員
44．be very exciting 令人興奮的
45．the first half of the match 上半場，前半場
46．pass sth. to sb 把某物遞給某人
47．run very fast 跑的很快
48．get into the goal (把球)射進球門
49．be very excited (人)感到興奮
50．the result of the match 比賽結果
51．invite sb. to a big dinner 邀請某人就餐
52．near the end of the match 比賽快要結束
53．catch the ball 接住球
54. pass the hospital 路過醫院
55．pass sb．sth．把某物遞給某人
56．pass the maths exam 數學考試及格
57．a famous play 著名戲劇
58. put on a short play 上映短劇
59. get longer and longer 天變得越來越長
60. get dark 天黑
61．get some letters from my friends 收到朋友的來信
62. get the news 得到消息
63. get to the station 到達車站
64．get home 到家 get there 到達哪兒
65．have got 有
66．get on well with sb．和某人相處的很好
67．the right answers 正確答案
68．both her parents 她的父母雙方
69．both of them 他們中兩個人
70．on both sides of the street 在馬路兩旁
71．in both hands 在雙手裡 用雙手
72．move over to the table 到桌前就餐
73．prepare so much delicious food 准備很多豐盛食物
74．help oneself to sth. 自便，隨便吃
75．a team from a country school 一支來自農村的球隊(運動員)
76．1ook like看起來像
77．one of the boys 男孩中一個
78．a boy in a dirty T-shirt 一個穿著臟T恤衫的男孩
79．stop the passs 阻止傳球
80．turn to shoot 轉過來投球
81．get two more points 又得了兩分
82．in a minute 過了一會兒
83．be all over 全場結束
84．a little better 好一點兒
85．learn a more important lesson 上了一節更重要的課
86．stay in bed for another two days 再跟床上呆兩天
87．one by one 一個一個
88．about school life in England 關於英國學校生活
89．wear a new dress at the party 在聚會(上)穿一條新裙子
90．work by day and study by night (在)白天工作晚上學習
9t．by this time tomorrow 不遲於明天這個時間
92．fly from Beijing to New York 從北京飛到紐約
93．go to school from Monday to Friday 從周一到周五上學
94．three weeks from today 今天算起還有三個星期
95．live far away from the school 住在離學校很遠的地方
96. come from=be from 來自於
97．get a letter from my friend 收到我的朋友一封信
98. like some more fish 喜歡再吃一些魚
99. thank sb. for …為…而感謝某人
100．go to the hill with sth. 帶著東西上山
101．come to the top of the hill 來到山頂
101. stay here 呆在這兒
102．a good place 一個好地方
103．go faster and faster 走得越來越快
105．more and more children 越來越多的孩子
106．come along＝come with sb．跟上來
107．race down the hill 比賽跑到山下
108．skate on the lake 在湖上滑冰
109．come on 跟(某人)來 快點、加油
110．put sth. under the tree 把某物放在樹下
111．just then 正在那時
112．come off 脫離開
113．go off 走開
114. a good lake for skating 適合滑冰的湖
115．be ready for=get ready for prepare for 為…做准備
116．run back up the hill 跑回到山上
117．look out = be careful 當心，小心
118．go over復習功課，走過去
119．run down the hill 跑下山
120．go on skating over the lake 在湖上繼續滑冰
121．go round and round 一圈一圈的走
122．come back to sb. 返回到某人處
123．come up to sb．向某人那裡走來
124．as…as 與…一樣
125．so…that 如此…以至
126．too…to 太…以至於不能…
127．on Friday afternoon 在星期五下午
128．turn right 向右拐
129．and so on 等等
130．need a lot of things 需要很多東西
131．It's time for sth. (for+n)=It's time to do sth. 該…時間了
132．study hard to get ready for 努力學習為…作準備
133．study hard at English 努力學習英語
134．stop sth. 停止某事 攔住某物
135．stop to do sth. 停下來再做某事
136．stop doing sth．停止做某事
137．not at a11 一點都不
133．stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
139．wait for sth. (sb) 等(車，人)
140．several people 幾個人
141．go back home on foot 步行(返)回到家
142．go into the room quietly 靜靜的走進屋
143．become a doctor 成為一名醫生
144．finish sth. 完成某事 finish doing sth．做完某事
145．at about seven this morning 今天早晨大約七點鍾
146．half an hour 半小時
147．an hour and a half 一個半小時
148．play football 踢足球
149．p1ay the piano 彈鋼琴
150．pass…on 把…傳遞給
151．fall into the lake 跌入湖中
152．aIl the children 所有的孩子們
153．go round the lake 圍繞這湖走
154．look for尋找
155．call again and again (再三)反復叫喊
156. go out to walk on the thin ice 出去在薄冰上走
157．as well as 除…之外
158．get to the road 到達公路
159．call out to sb. 對某人大聲的叫喊
160. get sb. out 把某人救出來
161．try to do sth. 盡力做某事
162．get a long ladder 拿來一架長梯子
163．run along the road 沿著馬路跑
164．a big house 一間大的房子
165. go into the house 走進那間房子
166．come out with sth．拿著某物出來
167．hurry up 趕緊
168．go back to the lake with sth. 拿著某物返回到湖邊
169. put the ladder down 把梯子放倒
170．look round 向四周看
171. go slowly along the ladder 沿著梯子緩慢的爬行
172．in the hole 在洞里
173．as soon as 一...就...
174．wet through 全濕透了
175. get hold of the ladder 抓住梯子
176．start pulling sth. back 開始住回拉
177．go home 回家
178．be late for 晚了，遲到
179. get slowly off the ladder 從梯子上緩慢的下來
180．help each other 互相幫助
181．heIp sb．a lot in learning English 在英語學習方面幫助某人很多
182．carry these boxes into the classroom 把這些箱子搬運到教室里
183．clearn the classroom 打掃教室
184．look at the colorful lights over your head 看你頭上的彩燈
185．fly over the mountain 飛越過山頂
186．all over the world 遍及世界
187．over one hundred people 一百多人
188．rush out of the classroom 沖出教室
189．plant many trees round the school 圍繞學校種了許多樹
190．look after 照顧
191. look at 看
192．look out of the window 向窗外看
193．look worried 看上去很焦急
194．look up the word in the dictionary 查字典
195．develop into a modern city 發展成一個現代化城市
196．in the centre of Beijing 在北京市中心
197．in the past在過去
198. declare the founding of the new China 宣布新中國成立
199．have a wonderful view of the city 擁有—個美麗的城市風景
200．stand on top of the hill 站在山頂
201. 7，300 seven thousand and three hundred
202．4，304 four thousand, three hundred and four
203．56，432 fifty-six thousand，four hundred and thirty-two
204．768，321 seven hundred and sixty—eight thousand, three hundred and twenty-one
205．1，768，321 one million，seven hundred and sixty-eight thousand，three hundred and twenty-one
206．Bejing is capital of the People's Republic of Republic of China.北京是中華人民共和國首都
207．on October the first, nineteen forty-nine 在1949年10月1日
208．to the north of位於…北部
209．at a quarter past seven 七點一刻
210．talk about his past 談論關於他的過去
211．go to see a film with his parents 和他的父母一起去看電影
212．at the headmaster's office 在校長辦公室
213．almost a year 幾乎一年
214．the classroom of C1ass Five，Grade Three 三年級五班教室
215．three of the students in this class 這個班的三名學生
216．a piece of cake 一塊蛋糕
217．a telephone number 電話號碼
218．be glad to see sb．高興見到某人
219．speak to sb. in such a way 用這種方法對某人講話
220．come in with some test papers in one's hand 手裡拿著一些試捲走進教室
221．one of the largest squares 最大的廣場之一
222．in the world 在世界上
223．on the west side of the square 在廣場的西部
224．in the centre of the square 在廣場中央
225．the afternoon of Monday 星期一下午
226．especially on holidays 特別在假日
227．most of them 他們中許多人
228．on fine days 在晴天，在好天
229．take pictures 照相
230．from east to west 從東到西
231．far from 遙遠，很遠
232．full of 充滿
233．agree with sb.同意某人意見
234．turn back to 返回到，插回?
Ⅷ 求取：初三英語全部語法知識
. 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。
時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。
I don』t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
2. 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示』寧願某人做某事』
I』d rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)
注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情態動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
3. used to / be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現在習慣於散步)
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It』s 69568442.
A. didn』t B. couldn』t C. don』t D. can』t
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。
4. 一般將來時
1) shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。
The play is going to be proced next month。
c. 有跡象要發生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
5. be going to / will
用於條件句時， be going to 表將來
will 表意願
If you are going to make a journey, you』d better get ready for it a s soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
6. be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)
I』m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)
7. 一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2）倒裝句，表示動作正在進行，如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3）在時間或條件句中。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
I』ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等後。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
11. 用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時.
This is the best film that I』ve (ever) seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
This is the first time (that) I』ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it』s the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven』t received his letter for almost a month.
12. 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(現在我仍在這里工作。)
小竅門： 當現在完成時+一段時間，這一結構中，我們用下面的公式轉化，很容易就能排除非延續動詞在完成時中的誤使。
1) (對) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2) (錯) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
13. since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraate student.
被動語態的幾種類型
1）主語句中有一個賓語的被動語態，如：
He saw her in the shop yesterday.
She was seen in the shop yesterday.
2) 主語有兩個賓語的被動語態
Li Lei gave me a chemistry book.
I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.
A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.
3）主動句中含賓語補足語的句子的被動語態
若賓語補足語是不帶to 的不定式，變為被動語態時，該不定式前要加"to"。此類動詞為
感官動詞：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
若賓語補足語是帶to的不定式，那麼被動語態仍保留to:
Mother told me not to be late
I was told not to be late by mother.
5）情態動詞+ be +過去分詞，構成被動語態。
Coal can be used to proce electricity for agriculture and instry.
6）表示"據說"或"相信" 的片語
believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that… 據說
It is reported that… 據報道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 眾所周知
It is thought that… 大家認為
It is suggested that… 據建議
It is taken granted that… 被視為當然
It has been decided that… 大家決定
It must be remember that…務必記住的是
It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.
14. 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結 果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I』ve known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2) 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn』t come back until ten o』clock.
他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o』clock.
他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don』t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2.---I』m sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現
. 不定式作賓語
1) 動詞+ 不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
舉例：
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。
2）動詞+不定式 ； 動詞+賓語+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。
3） 動詞+疑問詞+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can』t make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。
注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時，謂語動詞用單數。
The question is how to put it into practice.
問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。
2. 不定式作補語
1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel ince inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。
b. We believe him to be guilty.
我們相信他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法：
Find 後可用分詞做賓補，或先加形式賓語，再加形容詞，最後加帶to 的動詞不定式。find後也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有get，have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
典型例題:
The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
答案：A.find的賓語後面，用分詞或分詞短語，起賓語補足語作用。現在分詞表達主動，也表達正在進行，過去分詞表達被動。
2) to + be 的不定式結構，作補語的動詞。
Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understand
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我們認為湯姆是班上最好的學生之一。
典型例題
Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說明發明這一個事實，不定式後用原形即可。而C為現在完成時，發明為點動詞一般不用完成時，且此處也不強調對現在的影響，因此不選C。
3) to be +形容詞
Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
The book is believed to be uninteresting.
人們認為這本書沒什麼意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
We didn』t expect there to be so many people there.我們沒料到會有那麼多人在哪裡。
注意 ： 有些動詞需用as 短語做補語，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認為湯姆是我們最好的老師。
Mary took him as her father . 瑪麗把他當作自己的父親。
. 不定式作主語
1） It』s easy (for me) to do that.我做這事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
It』s so nice to hear your voice.
聽到你的聲音真高興。
It』s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
當你不用車的時候，鎖車是有必要的。
2) It』s very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。
Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考慮周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們任何東西，這顯得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系動詞如，look，appear等也可用於此句型
2) 不定式作為句子成分時，動詞用單數形式。
3) 當不定式作主語的句子中又有一個不定式作表語時，不能用It is… to…的句型
(對)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。
(錯)It is to believe to see.
4. It』s for sb.和 It』s of sb.
1）for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It』s very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It』s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
3) 祁使句（Imperative Sentence）
祈使句往往是用來表示說話人的請求、命令、要求、建議，等等。祈使句的主語常被省略，因為這個主語很明確地是聽話人"you"。當然，有時為了強調或表示某種感情，句子也會帶上主語。
祈使句的謂語用動詞原形；它的否定形式是句首用Don't + 動詞原形，或是Not to + 動詞原形。例如：
Be quiet , please ! （大家）請安靜。
Stand up ! 起立！
Don't smoke in the office . 請不要在辦公室吸煙。
Don't be standing in the rain . 別站在雨里。
Not to be careless when you're driving a car . 開車時不要粗心大意。
4) 感嘆句（Exclamatory Sentence）
感嘆句表示說話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強烈的情緒。這類句子中，有很多是由What或How引起的。What 用來強調名詞，How則強調形容詞、副詞或動詞。這類句子的構成只需將所強調或是說，所感嘆的對象放到句首；句子無需倒裝，句子要用正常語序。 當然，如果不用這種句型，而句子（無論是那種句子）本身又表示了上述的種種情緒，那麼該句也就成了感嘆句。例如：
What a fine day it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
How fine it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
What a lovely son you have !你有個多可愛的兒子啊！
How lovely your son is ! 你的兒子多可愛
如果還有什麼不明白 請問我 隨時恭候 我英語今年高考可考了120多啊