① 八年級下冊英語第二單元grammar focus翻譯。
② 八年級下冊英語2單元的單元總結(註:重點語法,歸納總結等)
Unit 2 What should I do?
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵
about/over sth. 為某事爭吵
2.out of style/danger 過時/脫離險境
in style/danger 時尚/處於危險之中
3.call up sb. (代詞放中間)給某人打電話
4.keep out 不讓…進入
5.What』s wrong? 怎麼啦?
6.be surprised at … 對…感到吃驚
7.borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那裡借入某物
8. needto do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
9.pay … for sth. 為某物付…(錢)
10.the same + n. + as… 與…一樣的n.
11 get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
12 have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵
13.take part in 加入
14 plan sth. for sb. 為某人計劃某事
15.as much as possible 盡可能多的…
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人為某物花了…錢。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時間、金錢)做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句動詞是短暫性動詞)
until 一直到… (主句中使用延續性動詞)
3. leave
GF
情態動詞
1.情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化;
2 情態動詞不能直接做謂語,必須和一個動詞原形同時使用;
3.大多數情態動詞沒有時態的變化;
情態動詞加上be,通常表示猜測的語氣。
祝你學習進步,更上一層樓!請記得採納,謝謝!(*^__^*)
③ 八年級下冊英語Grammar Focus第二單元的翻譯
People will make a lot of friends ring their lifetime, the more friends they make, the more capable they are. Some young people are proud of having many friends, but only the true friends deserve us to care about. The person we make must be positive to life. He will set the good example to you and help you to be a better man. The bad friends will make you perverted, especially for the teenagers, they can』t make the right judgement and are easy to follow others, so the friends are very important part of their lives. Once they make the wrong friends, they will do the bad thing. So we don』t need more friends, just the right one.
人們會交很多朋友在他們的一生中,他們交到越多的朋友,就越有能力。一些年輕人為擁有很多朋友感到自豪,但只有真正的朋友值得我們在意。我們結交的人必須對生活積極向上。他給你樹立榜樣,幫助你成為一個更好的人。壞的朋友會讓你墮落,尤其是青少年,他們不能做出正確的判斷,很容易跟隨別人,所以,朋友是他們生活非常重要一部分。一旦他們交友不慎,就會做壞事。所以我們不需要更多的朋友,只需要好的朋友。
④ 八下英語書第二單元的2d和語法框翻譯
2d 分角色表演對話。
海倫:你好,湯姆。我在制訂計劃,今年夏天要在養老工作。
湯姆:真的嗎?我去年夏天在那裡工作了!
海倫:哦,他們叫你幫忙做什麼了?
湯姆:嗯……像為老人讀報紙,或只是跟他們談話之類的事情。他們給我講一些有關過去的故事和以前的情況。
海倫:那聽起來很有趣。
湯姆:是的,很多老人很孤獨。我們應該傾聽他們並關心他們。
海倫:你說得對。我的意思是,有一天我們也都會變老的。
語法聚焦
我想幫助無家可歸的人。
你可以請求醫院讓你去看望孩子們,讓他們振作起來。
她自願一去周去那裡一次幫助孩子們學習閱讀。
她決定嘗試參加一個志願者課外閱讀項目。
馬里奧認為,這可以幫助他得到未來夢想的工作。
我在製作-些標牌 張貼在學校周圍。
⑤ 八年級下冊英語2單元a部分2d翻譯
2d
:嗨,湯姆。我正在制訂今年夏天在養老院工作的一些計劃。
真的嗎?我去年專夏天在那兒工作了!屬
哦,他們請你幫助做什麼了?
嗯„„像給老人讀報,或者只是與他們聊天這樣的事。他們給我講過去的生活經歷和過去是什麼樣子的。
那聽起來很有趣。
是呀,許多的老人都很孤獨。我們應該聽他們說話並且照顧他們。
對呀。我的意思是有一天我們也都會老的。
⑥ 人教版英語八年級下冊第二單元2b的翻譯。
尊敬的李小姐:
感謝你給「動物助手」組織提供資金,我相信你知道這個組織的成立就是為了幫助像我這樣的人的,我很幸運得到你的幫助,幸運對我的生活產生了很大的影響,讓我告訴你我的故事:
盲人或聾啞人會是什麼樣呢?或者想想你無法走路或無法靈巧地用手。許多人從沒想過這些,但許多人面臨這些困難,我就不能很好地用手和腿,所以,像接電話、開門、關門或搬東西這些日常的事情對我來說完成它就很困難,去年一天,我的朋友幫助我,她說起了「動物助手」組織給我一隻特殊訓練的狗,她也想狗能使我很高心。我熱愛動物,我得到一隻狗也很興奮。
在「動物助手」組織與狗訓練6個月後,我能把它帶回家了,我的狗的名子叫「幸運」,這個名字對來說是個好名子,因為我感到擁有它非常幸運,你明白的,由於你的熱情,我才能夠有了一個「動物助手」。
「幸運」非常聰明,能理解許多英語單詞,當我發命令時,它能理解我的口令,比如,我說,「幸運」,拿書來,它立即去做。
「幸運」是條好狗,如果你喜歡的話,我將它的照片發給你,並且我告訴你它怎麼幫助我的。再次感謝你改變了我的生活。
祝福你!
本『史密斯 ...
================================================
我查來的,不知道好不好。
⑦ 人教版八年級下冊英語1-2單元語法
Unit1用will
加動詞原形
表示一般將來時態
Unit2
用should
or
could
加動詞原形
,委婉的提出要求和建議
⑧ 英語書八年級下冊書第二單元所有語法內容
Unit 2 What should I do?
重點詞彙:play v. 播放
loud adj. 高聲的;大聲的
argue v. 爭論,爭吵wrong adj. 錯誤的;有毛病的;不適合的could v. can的過去式ticket n. 票,入場券 v. 使驚奇;使意外other adj. 其他的;另外的except prep. 除;把……除外fail v. 失敗 football n. 足球 until prep. 到……為止
fit v. 適合,適應 include v. 包括;包含send v. 發送,寄 themselves pron. 他們自己(反身代詞)freedom n. 自由
重點片語及句型:
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭論/辯論
2. have an argument with sb. 與某人發生爭論
3. out of style 不時髦的
4. in style 時髦的
5. keep out 不讓……進入
6. call sb. up 打電話給……
7. on the phone 用電話交談
8. pay for 付款
9. part-time job 兼職工作
10. Teen Talk 青少年論壇
11. the same as 與……同樣的12. get on well with... 與……相處地好13. as much as possible 盡可能多14. all kinds of 各種各樣的15. on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面16. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物17. find out 找出18. be popular at school 在學校受歡迎19. except me 除了我20. have a quick supper 很快地吃晚餐21. not…until 直到……才22. try to do 盡力去做23. complain about doing sth. 抱怨做某事24. seem to do… 好像……25. comparing…with… 把……與……做比較26. think for 為……著想27. find it + adj.+ to do sth. 發現做某事很……28. learn to do 學會做某事 29. have a fight with 與……打架
30. write sb. a letter 給某人寫信 31. a ticket to a ball game 一場球賽的票
32. surprise sb. 使……驚訝 33. buy sb. sth. 為某人買某物
34. have no idea 不知道 35. have the same haircut 有同樣的發型
36. get a tutor 請家教 37. need to do 需要去做
38. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人去做某事 39. leave sth. at home 把某物落在家裡
40. fail (in) sth. 做某事失敗 41. be the same as 與……相同的
42. return sth. 歸還某物 43. look up…in a dictionary 在字典中查找……
44. be/feel under (too much) pressure 感覺處於(太多的)壓力之下
45. take sb. from 名詞 to 名詞 把某人從一個地方帶到另一個地方
46. fit as much as possible into their kids lives 盡可能多地充實到孩子們的生活中來
47. nothing new 屢見不鮮 48. push sb hard 厲害地強迫某人
49. be always doing 總是在做某事
50. plan to do 計劃做某事
51. start from a very young age 從很小的年齡開始
日常用語:學慣用於表達建議的句子結構:1. ---What should I do? ---You could write him a letter.2. --- What should he do? --- Maybe he should say he's sorry.3. --- What should they do? --- They shouldn't argue.4. What』s the matter? / What』s wrong?5. Why don』t you talk to him about it?
片語短語詳解:
1. Keep out! 禁止入內
祈使句,意為:「不準入內!」指「關在門外,不準入內。」
Keep sth. adj.
2. My brother plays his CDs too loud. 我哥哥把他的唱片聲音放得太大。
Play:
播放。 e.g. Please play the tape again. 請再放一邊磁帶。
演奏,彈奏 e.g. I can play the violin, too. 我也會拉小提琴。
玩,打,踢 e.g. play football/bolleyball…
劇本,n. e.g. TV play 電視劇 watch the play 看戲
3. I don』t have enough money. 我沒有足夠的錢
Enough修飾n.放在前面 e.g. enough money
Enough修飾adj.放在後面 e.g. good enough
【考例】He is old ______ to go to school. A. much B. many C. enough D. more
【答案與解析】C。本題中old enough 表示年齡足夠大。故本題選C。
4. I argue with my best friend. 我與我最好的朋友發生了爭執。
Argue v. 爭辯,爭論,辯論
Argue with sb. 與某人辯論
Argue on/about sth. 爭論,辯論某事
e.g. They are arguing about playing computer games.
【拓展】argue about sth. 意為「為某事而爭論」。argument 是argue的名詞形式,have an argument with sb.相當於argue with sb.。e.g. I don't want to argue about the houtse with you. 我不想和你為房子的事爭論。 You shouldn't have an argument with your parents about the bike. 你不應該為了自行車的事和你父母爭吵。【考例】I _______my parents about my hairstyle yesterday evening.A. play B. argue with C. argued with D. to argue with 【答案與解析】C。本題中argue with sb.意為「與……爭吵,爭論」。又因為時間狀語是yesterday evening,表示過去的時間,要用一般過去時態,故本題選C。
5. My clothes are out of style. 我的衣服過時了。
Out of style
In style
【考例】I don』t think my clothes are______. A. be out of style B. out of style C. out fashion D. to out of style 【答案與解析】B。本題中be out of style / fashion表示「過時」、「不合乎時尚」。因句中已有are,故本題選B。
6. Maybe you should buy some new clothes. 也許你應當買一些新衣服。
Maybe 與 may be
e.g. Maybe you put it there. 也許你把它放在那裡了。
It may be a hat. = May be it is a hat. 它也許是頂帽子。
7. You could write him a letter. 你可以給他寫封信。
Write sb. A letter = write to sb. 給某人寫一封信
寫信給某人:write to sb.
收到某人的來信:hear from sb. = get/receive a letter from sb.
8. Maybe you should call him up. 也許你應當給他打電話。
Call sb. Up = ring sb. Up = make a telephone call to sb. = give sb. A call/ring給某人打電話
【拓展】maybe 不同於 may be。 maybe 是一個詞,是副詞,may be 是情態動詞may加上動詞原形be,意為「或許」,後接形容詞、名詞、代詞等。例如:It may be true. He may be the man we are looking for.(2)call sb. up 打電話給某人可以與名詞、代詞連用。連接代詞時,把代詞放在 call 與 up 之間。例如:Please call me up. Don』t forget to call up your uncle. I'll call her up this afternoon.【考例】_______you are right. A. Maybe B. Might C. May be D. Might to
【答案與解析】A。本題中maybe不同於may be。 maybe 是一個詞,是副詞,may be是情態動詞may加上動詞原形be,意為「或許」,後接形容詞、名詞、代詞等。故本題選A。
9. A ticket to a ball game 一張球賽的票
A key to a door
An answer to a question
10. I don』t want to surprise him. 我不想使他吃驚。
Surprise v. 使驚奇;使差異;使感到意外。其後可接名詞或代詞作賓語。
e.g. You surprise me! 你嚇了我一跳!
His words surprised my mother a lot. 他的話使我母親大吃一驚。
Be surprised at… 對……感到吃驚
e.g. We are very surprised at the news. 聽到這個消息,我們非常吃驚。
【拓展】surprised adj. 驚訝的 surprising adj. 令人驚訝的例如:I'm surprised to hear the news. It's a surprising gift, and I love it.【考例】I was__________ when I saw her.A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise
【答案與解析】B。本題中surprised adj.驚訝的;surprising adj.令人驚訝的。故本題選B。
11. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. 我需要得到一些錢以支付夏令營的費用。
(1)need是個情態動詞,也可以是行為動詞。▲當它是情態動詞時,後邊直接加行為動詞,表示「需要」,但need作情態動詞時一般不用於肯定句。它一般用於否定句和疑問句中,例如:① You need repeat it. 你需要重復它。② Need I repeat it? 我有必要重復它嗎?簡略回答為:Yes, you need. No, you needn't.
(2)【拓展】(sb.)pay(money)for sth. 為……而付款(sb.)spend(money)on sth. 在……上花多少錢(sth.)cost sb.(money) ……值……錢這三個短語都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的是「人」,主語為人,而cost指的是「物」,主語為「物」。例如說「他昨天花20元買了一本書」。用以上三個短語分別為:① He paid 20 yuan for the book yesterday. 他昨天為這本書付了20元錢。② He spent 20 yuan on the book yesterday. 他昨天花了20元錢(買)這本書。③ The book cost him 20 yuan yesterday. 這本書花了他20元錢。注意以上三個動詞的動詞過去式為:pay - paid; spend - spent; cost - cost【考例】--- I』ve got a new book. --- How much did you _______it? A. buy B. spend C. pay for D. cost 【答案與解析】C。(sb.)pay(money)for sth. 為……而付款,(sb.)spend(money)on sth. 在……上花多少錢,(sth.)cost sb.(money) ……值多少錢 故本題選C。
12. I have an idea. You could borrow some money from your brother. 我有一個主意,你可以像你哥哥借一些錢。
Idea n. 主意,念頭
e.g. He has a good idea. 他有個好主意。
注意:
I have no idea. = I don』t know. 我不知道
Borrow與lend
borrow sth from sb. 從誰那裡借什麼東西。
Lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. Sth.
borrow 與 lend 的區別: borrow 借來 lend 借給【考例】Han Mei _________ a book from the library a week ago. A. lent B. returned C. borrowedD. wanted
【答案與解析】C。本題考查borrow 與lend 的區別。borrow 借來;lend 借給。本題的意思是從圖書館借書。故本題選C。
13. No, he doesn』t have any money, either. 不,他也沒有錢。
Either adv. 用於否定句中,表示「也」
e.g. You haven』t read that book. I haven』t read it, either.
Either, too, also
e.g. My mother hasn』t been to Beijing. My father hasn』t been there, either.
That woman is a teacher, too.
I, too, have been to London.
We also play football.
【考例】He doesn't like swimming, and he doesn't like boating,_____. A. neither B. too C. another D. either
【答案與解析】D。本題中either作副詞,用在否定句或否定片語後加強語氣,表示「也,而且」。而neither用於肯定句中。too用於三者或三者以上。故本題選D。
14. I think you should ask your parents for some money. 我想你應當向你的父母要一些錢。
Ask… for… 向……要……;
Ask for… 索要,要求得到……
e.g. He asked for time to thind all this over. 他要求給他時間把這一切好好想想。
He asked me for some money. 他想我要了些錢。
Ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求/請求某人(不要)做某事
Ask for leave 請假
15. Have a bake sale. 賣燒烤
16. I need some money to buy gifts for my family. 我需要一些錢為我的家人買禮物
Buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. to sb.
17. They are original. 它們很新穎
Original adj. 新穎的,獨創的,原始的,最早的
e.g. original ideas 新思想
an original edition 原版
the original plan 原計劃
He is an original composer. 他是一位富有獨創力的作曲家。
18. They are inexpensive. 它們不貴。
Cheap 與 inexpensive
Cheap往往意味著質量差,指價錢便宜的或因質量差而價格低的。
Inexpensive指物美價廉的,價值與價格相比而便宜的,表示「價格公道的,不貴的」
19. But I just found out that my friends were planning a birthday party for my best friend, and they didn』t invite me. 可是我剛剛發現我的朋友們正計劃給我最好的朋友舉辦生日聚會,而他們沒有邀請我。
Just adv.
剛才,剛剛
e.g. They have just left there. 他們剛剛離開這。
僅僅,只是
e.g. Don』t scold him. He is just a child. 別責備他,他只是個孩子。
後接名詞,名詞短語或句子,意為「正好,恰好」
e.g. It was just four o』clock when we got home. 我們到家時剛好4點鍾。
註:
just now 剛才,不久以前
e.g. I saw our teacher just now. 剛才我看到我們的老師了。
Just then 正(就)在那時
e.g. Just then he came out of the room. 就在那是他從房間走了出來。
20. Find out 找出,發現,查處(真相等)
e.g. Please find out where they live. 請查處他們住在哪兒。
Find ,look for ,find out
Find 意為「找到,發現」,通常指找到或發現具體的東西,也可指偶然發現某物或某種情況,強調的是「找的結果」
e.g. He didn』t find his bike. 他沒找到他的自行車。
Look for 意為「尋找」,是有目的地找,強調「尋找」這一動作
e.g. I can』t find my pen. I』m looking for it everywhere.我的鋼筆不見了,我正在到處找。
He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。
Find out 意為「找出,發現,查明」,多指通過調查、詢問、打聽、研究之後「搞清楚,弄明白」,通常含有「經過困難曲折」的含義,指找出較難找到的、無形的、抽象的東西。
e.g. Please find out when the train leaves. 請查一下火車什麼時候離站。
Read this passage, and find out the answer to this question. 讀這篇短文,找出這個問題的答案。
21. Everyone else in my class was invited except me. 除了我以外,我們班其他人都被邀請了。
except 是介詞,表示「除了……之外」;besides 強調「除了,還有……」例如:Except Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.除麗麗外我們教室里還有42個人。Besides Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.表示麗麗也在教室,教室里有42個人。【考例】I looked for my pen everywhere _______ there. A. except B. but C. except for D. besides【答案與解析】A。本題考查 except 與 besides 的區別。except 是介詞,表示「除了……」;besides 強調「除了,還有……」。故本題選A。
22. You left your homework at home. 你把作業忘在家裡了。
leave 遺忘,留下,忘帶 例如:The old man left his pocket on the bus. 那位老人把錢包忘在了公交車上。【考例】I ______ my pen in my classroom. A. left B. leave C. forget D. forgot
【答案與解析】A。本題考查leave sth.+ 地點。這一結構。故本題選A。
23. My cousin is the same age as me. She』s really nice, and we get on well, but she always borrows my things. 我的表妹與我同歲。她確實很好,並且我們相處得很好,可她總是借我的東西。
The same age as…
Get on well 相處得好
Get on well with … 與……相處融洽、相處得好
e.g. We get on well with each other. 我們彼此相處融洽。
How do you get on with your new classmates? 你和你的新同學相處得怎麼樣?
註:Get on with 還可以表示「在某方面的進展情況」
e.g. How are you getting on with your English studies? 你的英語學習情況如何?
【考例】He wears the same clothes_____I do. A. like B. as C. on D. in
【答案與解析】B。本題考查the same as…… 意思是「與……一樣」。這一結構。故本題選B。
【考例】I get on well______ my cousin. A. on B. with C. in D. at
【答案與解析】B。本題考查固定搭配get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽。故本題選B。
24. I don』t want to have a fight with my cousin, because she is my best friend.
Havea fight with sb. = fight with sb. = fight against sb.
e.g. We can』t have a fight with each other at school. 在學校我們不能相互打架
25. Could you give some advice?
Give sb. Some advice
A piece of advice
e.g. The teacher gave me some advice on how to learn English well.
26. The tired children don』t get home until 7 p.m. 疲憊的孩子們知道晚上7點才到家。
Not … until …
27. The Taylors are like many American and British parents. 泰勒夫婦像許多美國和英國的父母一樣。
The taylors泰勒夫婦,泰勒一家人。姓的附屬前加定冠詞the,表示「***一家人」或「***夫婦二人」
e.g. The Smiths are having dinner. 史密斯一家正在吃飯
28. Linda Miller, a mother of three in London, knows all about such pressure.
Know about… 了解,知道……的情況
e.g. I happened to know about him.
⑨ 人教版八年級下冊英語二單元sectionB的2b翻譯
短語:
翻譯:
Dear miss li
id like to thank you for giving money to animal heipers .im sure you know that this group was set up to heip disabled people like me .you heiped to make it possible for me to have lucky .lucky makes a big difference to my life let me tell you my story.
what would it belike to be blind or deaf ?Or imagine you cannot walk or use your hands easily.Most people would never think about this, but many people have these difficulties.I cannot use my arms or legs well ,so normal things like answering the telephone ,opening and closing doors ,or carrying things are difficult for me.Then one day last year,a friend of mine helped me out .she talked to Animal Helpers about getting me special trained dog.She also thought a dog minght cheer me up.I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.
After six months of training with a dog at animal helpers,i was able to bring him home.My dogs name is Lucky ___a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. You see, im only ableto have a dog helper because of your kindness! Lucky is very clever and understands many English words. He can understand me when I give him orders.For example,Isay, Lucky!Get my book,and he does it at once.
lucky is a fantastic dog.Iwell send you a photo of him if you like,and I could ahow you how he helps me.Thank you again for changing my life. Best wishes
Ben Smith親愛的李小姐
我想謝謝你給錢給動物助手。你一定知道這組幫助像我這樣的殘疾人。你的幫助使我有可能幸運。幸運的是一個大的改變了我的生活讓我告訴你我的故事。
那麼它大概是盲人或聾啞?或想像你不能走路或輕松地用你的手。大多數人不會想到這個,但是很多人都有這些困難。我不能用我的手臂或腿部,所以像接電話,打開和關閉的門或攜帶的東西,對我來說很難。去年的一天,我的一個朋友幫我了。她跟動物助手讓我特別訓練的狗。她也認為狗會鼓勵我。我喜歡動物,我是用狗念頭興奮。
六個月後在動物幫助訓練的狗,我能帶他回家。我的狗的名字是幸運的___a很適合它的名字,因為我覺得很幸運能擁有他。你看,我只能夠有一個狗幫手,因為你的善良!幸運的是非常聰明,明白許多英語單詞。他能理解我,我給他下命令的時候。例如,我說,幸運!把我的書,他馬上就做。
幸運的是一個很棒的狗。艾韋爾送你一個如果你喜歡他的照片,並且我能感覺你如何幫助我。再次謝謝你改變了我的生活。 最美好的祝福 史密斯
滿意請採納,O(∩_∩)O謝謝
⑩ 八年級英語下冊第二單元重要知識點有哪些!急!!!
Unit 2 What should I do?
【單元目標】
1.單詞與短語
stereo, loud, argue, original, serious, style, wrong, argument, either, teen, talk, family, tutor, haircut, caller, except, upset
1.want sb. to do sth. 2.play one』s stereo 3 stay at home
4.argue with sb / have an argument with sb. 5.be out of style
6.write sb a letter/write to 7.talk about 8.on the phone
9. surprise sb. 10.pay for 11.get a part-time job 12.borrow sth. from sb.
13.ask sb. for… 14. have a bake sale 15.find out 16.be upset
17. call… up 18.the same as 19. get on well with sb. 20. return sth.
21.have a fight with sb. 22.from…to… 23. drop off 24.prepare for
25.after-school clubs 26.be used to 27.fill up 28.take the middle road
2.目標句型:
1. What should I do? 2. Why don』t you…? 3. You could …
4. You should… 5. You shouldn』t…
3.語法
情態動詞的用法 Ⅰ
【重難點分析】
情態動詞(Modal Verbs )Ⅰ
* 情態動詞也可稱為「情態助動詞 (Modal Auxiliaries)」,因為它和基本助動詞(be,do, have)都屬於助動詞類。
* 情態動詞和其他動詞連用,可表示說話人的語氣。
* 情態動詞可表達建議、要求、可能和意願等。
* 情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。
* 常用的情態動詞有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would這九大情態動詞;其他的還有ought to, need, dare 等。
一、九大情態動詞的時態關系:
1. 現在式 can -- 過去式 could
2. 現在式 may -- 過去式 might
3. 現在式 shall -- 過去式 should
4. 現在式 will -- 過去式 would
5. 現在式 must -- 過去式 must (常用had to來代替)
二、情態動詞表示「可能」或「預測」
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)
(1)can 和 could 用於表示「可能」或「預測」:
1. He can't be at home. (否定句)
他不可能在家。
2. Can the news be true? (將情態動詞 can 置於主語 the news 前就成疑問句)
這消息可能是真的嗎?
3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理論上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯錯誤。
(2)may 和 might 用於表示「事實上的可能性」或「預測」:
1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能會發生) 明天可能會下雨。
2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示預測) 今天下午可能會下雪。
3. You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是對的。
(3)will 和 would 用於表示「預測」或「習慣性」:
1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定會) 我想他現在一定好了。
2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母親。
3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示經常的)
他經常一連幾個小時坐在那兒看著河水。
(4)shall 和 should 用於表示「必定」:
1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 總有一天我會發達的。
2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那準是Sam 和他的母親。
(5)must 用於表示「必定」,「必會」:
1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 這肯定對你是有益的。
2. All mankind must die.(表示必然會發生的事) 所有的人一定會死的。
3. Mustn't there be a mistake? (mustn't 多用於疑問句) 那肯定會有錯誤嗎?
三、情態動詞表示「許可」、「請求」
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)
(1)can 和 could 用於表示「許可」、「請求」:
1. Can I go with you? (請求) 我能跟你一起走嗎?
2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示過去的許可) 爸爸說我可以去看電影。
3. Could I ask you something ? (請求,用 could 比 can 更婉轉) 我可以問你一件事嗎?
(2)will 和 would 用於表示「請求」
1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office? (表示客氣請求)
請問到郵局怎麼走?
2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客氣)
請你告訴我你的地址,好嗎?
(3)shall 和 should 用於第一人稱,表示徵求對方的意見
1. Shall we talk? 我們談談好嗎?
2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客氣) 下一步我們該怎麼做?
3. Shall he come to see you? (用於第三人稱疑問句) 要不要他來看你?
(4)may 和 might 用於表示「許可」(口語中多用 can )
1. You may take a walk. (表示給予許可) 你可以散散步。
2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉轉) 是否請給我讀一讀這故事。
3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提個建議嗎?
4. Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行嗎?
5. Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不許可或禁止)
學生不得在圖書館里吵鬧。
6. If I may say so, you are not right. (用於條件句,表示請求)
你是不對的,如果我可以這么說的話。
(5)must 用於表示「禁止」,「不準」:
1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不許可) 此地不準停車。
2. All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. (must not 語氣方面比 may not 更強)
你們不準在池裡釣魚。
四、重要短語和表達法(Key Words)
1.argue v.爭論;爭吵 argue with sb.與某人吵架
I argued with my best friend.我和我的好朋友吵架了。
Don』t argue with him. 別和他爭吵了。
2.① either adv.(用於否定句)也
He doesn』t have any money, and I don』t, either.他沒有錢,我也沒有。
I can』t play chess. She can』t, either.我不會下國際象棋,她也不會。
② too 也(用於肯定或疑問句)
I』m a teacher.He is a teacher, too.我是老師,他也是老師。
We are going hiking. Are they going hiking,too?我們要去徒步旅行,他們也要去嗎?
3.ask (sb.)for sth.向某人尋求某物;要……
Don't ask for food every day.Go and find some work. 別天天要飯,找點兒工作做。
I don』t think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不應向父母要錢。
If you have any problems, you can ask the policeman for help. 如果你有困難,可以向警察求助。
He didn't want to ask his teacher for his book back. 他不想向老師要回他的書了。
4.the same as... 與……相同
The clothes are the same as my friends'.這些衣服與我朋友的一樣。
Tom is the same age as Anna.= Tom is as old as Anna.湯姆和安娜一樣大。
Her backpack is the same as mine. 她的背包與我的一樣。
5.except 除……以外;(不包括……在內)
My class has been invited except me.= Only I haven't been invited.
除我以外,我的同學都被邀請了。
All the students went to the park except him.= Only he didn't get to the park.
They all toured America except her.
除了他以外,所有的學生都去美國旅行過。
besides 除……以外(包括在內)
We all went there besides him.= He went there.We went there, too.除他去以外,我們也都去了。
There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外還有5倍訪客
6.wrong adj.錯誤的;有毛病的;不合適的
Is there anything wrong with you? 你哪兒不舒服?
— What's wrong with you? 你怎麼了?(你哪裡不舒服?)
— I've got a headache.我頭痛。
What』s wrong with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手錶怎麼了?它不走了。
adv.錯誤地;不正確地;不對地
He answered wrong.他答錯了。
They knew they did wrong. 他們知道他們做錯了。
7.get on well with sb.與某人相處融洽
The students will get on well with the teacher.學生會和老師相處得非常好。
We get on well with each other.我們彼此相處融洽。
Can she get on well with all the other students in her class?
她能與她班裡所有的同學相處得好嗎?
8.have a fight with sb.= fight with sb.與某人打架
I don『t want to have a fight with my cousin. 我不想和我的堂兄打架。
They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.
他們從不打架,他們的確是好朋友。
五、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures)
What should I do? You could write him a letter.
What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him
What should they do? They shouldn't argue.
六、詞語辨析
1. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人處借進某物
lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人
borrow sth. from sb. 是指該句的主語從別人處(往裡)借進某物
例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天從露西處借了那本字典.
lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.
是指該句的主語把某物(往外)借給別人用
例如:Could you lend me your car? 請你借給我你的車用一下好嗎?
2. ①get sb. to do… 使……做(以人為對象時,有「說服……使做……」的含義)
He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以請一位家庭教師來他家。
You』ll never get her to agree. 你決不可能使她同意。
②ask sb. to do… 邀請(人)做……
We asked her to come to our party.我們請她來參加聚會
③ tell sb. to do…讓某人做某事 例如:
The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老師那天讓他完成那項工作。
3、be in style 時髦的,流行的
be out of style 過時的,不時髦的
例: Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很時髦。
Those clothes are out of style. 那些衣服過時了。
七、課文解釋
1、I don』t want to surprise him. 我不想讓他感到意外。
此處surprise是及物動詞 surprise sb. 使某人感到吃驚
eg. My friend always surprises me.
2、talk about it on the phone 用電話就此事進行交流
eg. Call Jim on the phone. 找吉姆聽電話。
Lily, you are wanted on the phone. 莉莉,你的電話
3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call 給某人打電話
He called me (up) from New York. 他從紐約給我打來電話
=He gave me a call from New York.
4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb. 給某人寫信
5、give him a ticket to a ball game.給他一張觀看球賽的入場券
eg. They got two tickets to tonight』s show.他們搞了兩張今晚表演的入場券。
6、She has the same haircut as I do. 她和我有相同的發型。
eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。
7、find out (研究、努力的結果)發現,查出,找出
You should find out (the answer) for yourself.你應該自己去找答案。
8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.
除了我以外,我們班其他別的人都接到了邀請(信)
此句中else一詞不能單獨使用它必須跟在不定代詞像「someone, anyone nobody」等詞的後面,或跟在特殊疑問詞像「what, where」等詞的後面使用意思是「別的」
eg. What else do you know about it? 關於此事你還知道什麼別的方面
9、I can』t think what I did wrong. 我真想不出我做錯了什麼。
此句中 what I did wrong是賓語從句,作think的賓語應用陳述語序。
10、I』m very upset and don』t know what to do.我很沮喪,不知該干什麼。
此句中 what to do是不定式作know的賓語,可用賓語從句來代替。可以說成「I don』t know what I should do.」
11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有許多你能做的事。
此句中 you could do是定語從句,修飾前面的名詞「things」
12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作業落在家裡了。
Leave sth. +介詞短語,是「把……忘在,落在(某處)的意思。
eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把傘忘在公交車上。
13、You should try to be funny. 你應該試著幽默一些。
Try to do…努力做,試著做,盡量做
而try not to do 是盡量不做……
eg. Please try not to be late again. 請盡量不要再遲到。
14、Their school days are busy enough. 他們的學校生活是夠忙的。
enough必須放在形容詞/副詞的後面,表示「足夠……的」
eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足夠高的可以夠著那個蘋果。
15、be under too much pressure. 在太多的壓力下
16、see other children doing a lot of things 看別的孩子在做許多事
see sb. doing 看見某人正在干某事
eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那時我們看見他們在打籃球
17、find it hard to do sth. 發現做……(事)很難
He found it hard to learn math well. 他發現學好數學很難