英語關於省略的語法

『壹』 英語語法：什麼時候省略主語

祈使句可以省略主語。

祈使句的結構：

1、be+形容詞/名詞。

例句：Be happy.要快樂。

2、實義動詞原形+其他成分

例句：Wash your hands before meals.飯前要洗手。

3、let+賓語+動詞原形+其他

例句：Letme wash the dishes.讓我洗盤子。

4、Don't+動詞原形

例句：Don't be late agai.不要再遲到了。

5、Let's+ not+動詞原形

例句：let us notgother.我們不要去那兒。

(1)英語關於省略的語法擴展閱讀

祈使句的時間概念

祈使句所表示的時間總是指將來，所以與它連用的句子原則上要用將來時態來與它呼應。如：

Give me a hand, will you? 幫我一個忙，好嗎?

由於give me a hand表示隱含將來意義，所以句中的will you 不能改為do you。

Try again and you will succeed. 你再試就會成功。

由於句中的try again隱含將來意義，所以句中用了you will succeed，而不是you succeed。

Don』t do that again or you』ll be in trouble. 別再干那個了，否則你會有麻煩。

句中的don』t do that again指的是以後不要再干那事了，由於隱含有將來意義，所所以句中用了you』ll be in trouble，而沒有用you are in trouble。

『貳』 高中英語語法：省略與倒裝詳解。（不要習題）

倒裝句
1.全部倒裝
全部倒裝是指整個謂語放到主語的前面，即謂語在前，主語
在後。有下列幾種：
(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是謂語，其後的名詞
是主語。
There are different forms of energy.
On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple.
Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman.
(2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等開頭的
句子中。
There goes the bell.
Here comes the bus.
Out rushed the boy.
Away went the children.
The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man.
【注意】主語是人稱代詞時不倒裝。例如：
Here it is.給你。
Away he went.他走了。
(3)直接引語在句首。
「What does it mean?」 asked the boy.
(4)為了使句子保持平衡，有時需要倒裝。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
On the winding path were to be found footprints of some
strange animals.
2.部分倒裝
即將謂語的一部分提到主語之前。相當於變為一般疑問句中的
謂語。是倒裝句的重點,也是高考考查的熱點之一。
部分倒裝主要有以下幾種情況：
(1)Only +狀語在句首：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily
back to work.
【注意】如果only後沒有狀語，即使在句首也不倒裝。例如：
Only a doctor can do it.
(2)否定副詞在句首。這類副詞主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not,
nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than,
hardly...when，in no time等。
Little does he care about what others think.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Never shall I forget it.
Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
Not until he came back did I leave.
At no time should you leave your post.
(3)由so引起的表示前面所說的情況也適用於另一人(或東西)或由
neither/nor引起的表示前面所說的情況也適用於另一人(或東
西)的句型：
She is a teacher. So is her brother.
You can drive. So can I.
She can』t do the work. Neither/Nor can I.
注意：如果是重復相同的意思，不倒裝。例如：
—It was cold yesterday.
—So it was.
(4)so...that 句型，如果so在句首。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could
hear him.
So shallow was the water that there were no fish in the lake.
(5)省略了if的虛擬條件句。
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.
Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.
Were I not engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing
to do what you ask me to.
3.只把表語、賓語、狀語提到句首。這類倒裝既不是全部倒裝，
又不同於部分倒裝，只把表語、賓語、狀語提到句首，謂語動、
詞並不倒裝。
(1)as引導讓步狀語從句：
Young as he is, he is very brave.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
(2)however與no matter how引導的讓步狀語從句：
However great the difficulty may be, we won』t lose heart.
(3)感嘆句：
What a warm welcome they received!
How fast he ran!
(4)the more...the more句型：
The farther away a thing is, the smaller it looks.

省略句
1.省略主語：
(I) Haven』t seen you for ages.
(It) Doesn』t matter.
(It) Looks like rain.
2.省略謂語或謂語的一部分：
(Is there) Anything you want?
(Is) Anything the matter?
(Does) Anybody need help?
(Are) You hungry?
3.省略賓語：
—Which of them is the better choice?
—Well, it』s hard to tell (it).
—Where is George?
—I don』t know (where he is).
4.省略主語和謂語：
What a pity (it is) you can』t go to the lecture.
(I』m) Sorry！
(I』m) Afraid I can』t come.
—Did you like the film?
—Oh, very much.
5.省略不定式：
He didn』t come, though we had invited him to (come).
6.簡單句中的省略,對話中最普遍。
—Will you join us?
—I should love to.
—Are you tired?
—Not very.
—What made Tom unhappy？
—Losing the match.
—I went to an exhibition this morning.
—With whom?
Hope to hear from you soon.
Anybody against it?
7.復合句中的省略：
—Did you know anything about it?
—Not until you told me.
—Shall I make a of it?
—Yes, if time permits.
—Is he coming back tonight?
—I guess so.
—She may not be free today.
—If so, we』ll have to put the meeting off.
8.在狀語從句中也有省略現象：
When (it is) completed, the power station will supply enough
electricity.
If (it is) necessary, I』ll go there myself.
She told the children not to talk while (they were) eating.
Anyone, no matter who (he is), may point out our shortcomings.
9.並列句中的省略：後面分句與前句相同的部分，可省略。
I work in a factory and my brother (works) on a farm.
My room is on the second floor and his, on the third.
He majors in English and I in French.

『叄』 英語省略語法選擇題

為您解答
這里考察的是once引導的時間狀語從句，當狀語從句的主語專與主句的主語一致時,可以省略狀語從屬句的主語和系動詞be，這里恢復成不省略就變成
The research is so designed that once ( the research is begun) nothing can be done to change it.
這個調查被設計成這樣，一旦調查被啟動，做什麼都無法改變了。

『肆』 求英語高手：英語語法——句子省略；英語翻譯；句子分析；英語理解

1. 圖中的最後一句，是祈使句+and+完整的句子，tomorrow night will find you happy 是一個完整句子，這里 tomorrow night 從語法來說是主語而非時間狀語，雖然語義上是指代時間，這是動詞 find 的一種特殊用法。
2. travel a day's journey，這里 a day 是連在一起的，即 a 作 day 的冠詞，而非 journey 的冠詞，a day's 作為 a day 的所有格用來形容 journey，a day's journey 一天的行程。
3. they had expected the revelation of a great universal truth that would enable them to create wealth,health and purpose for the world.
句子的主幹：主謂賓分別是they had expected the revelation，對了。
直譯：他們本來在期待一個偉大的宇宙真理的揭示，（這個真理）能使他們創造財富、得到健康和世間的目的。
4. of a great universal truth 就是 revelation 的所有格，指「一個偉大的宇宙真理的揭示」，這個 of 與 expect ... of...句型沒有關系；
後面的 that 從句是定從。主句已有完整的主謂賓結構，但意思不明確，後面的從句對主句作了補充，使句子的意思更完整豐滿。
5. purpose for the world，並沒有強調野心，它跟前面的 wealth, health 並列，指世俗的一些目的。
6. it will find you sad，it 指代 tomorrow night.

『伍』 英語中的情景省略，語法省略，修辭省略解釋舉例

英語中為了避免重復，句子中的某些部分可以省略，常見的省略有下列14種情況： 1、並列復合句中某些相同成分的省略 He often regards English as easy and （he often regards）French as difficult. 他常把英語看作是容易學的，而法語是難學的 2、在用when，while，if，as if，though（although），as until，whether等連詞引導的狀語從句中，如果謂語有be，而主語又跟主句的主語相同或是it時，則從句的主語和be常可省略 When（water is）heated，water is turned into vapour. 水加熱時變成氣體 3、在than，as，no matter what（who等）分句後面常可省略某些成分 They do not use more water than（it is）necessary. 他們使用的水沒有超出需要量 4、在know，think，consider，suppose，find，belive，say，decide等動詞後面所接的賓語從句中，連接詞that常可省略 I think（that）it will clear up this afternoon. 我想今天下午天會轉晴 5、在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關系代詞whom，which，that常省略；在以the same...as和such...as引出的某些定語從句中，也可以省略與主句相同的成分 This is one of the best films（that）I『ve ever seen. 這是我所看過的最好的電影 6、在以there is開頭的句子中，修飾主語的同位語從句的連接詞常省略，修飾主語的定語從句的關系代詞作主語，有時可以省略 There is a table（that）stands in the corner. 牆角處放著一張桌子 7、用so，not或其他手段來替代上文或問句中的一部分或整個句意 --Can he do this work？他能做這件工作嗎？ --I think so. 我想他行 8、在某些動詞後的賓語補語和主語補語中可將to be省略 These books are thought（to be）very valuable 人們認為這些書很有價值 9、在「the+比較級...the+比較級...」結構中，有時可省略be或there be The higher the temperature（is），the greater the pressure（is）溫度越高，壓力越大 10、某些動詞在接that從句時，不用與之搭配的介詞 We agreed that is was a mistake. 我們一致認為，這是一個錯誤 11、用to表示前述動詞不定式，其後面有關成分省略 You may go home if you like（to）你如果想回家就可回家 12、在某些虛擬語氣的句子中可以省略should I suggest that he（should）study more English before going abroad. 我建議他出國前多學點英語 13、在用so+that連接的從句中，常省略so或that We are very tired，（so）that we had better hurry home. 我們很累，所以我們還是趕快回家去吧 14、省略介詞in的幾個固定片語 He spends his evenings（in）studying English 他把晚上的時間花在學英語上

『陸』 關於英語語法的問題:省略句的語法,舉幾個例子.

狀語從句的省略：主句主語和從句主語一致且從句謂語動詞含有動詞回BE省略從句的主語答和BE.
When( I was) in Japan,I took many beautiful pictures.
I won't go unless (I am) invited.

『柒』 高考英語語法省略的用法怎樣用舉例

英語中為了避免重復，往往省去一個詞語或更多成分，這種語法現象稱為省略。省略的情況復雜、多樣，綜合近年來的高考題，常在以下幾個方面對省略進行考查。
一、 考查狀語從句中的省略
例1. When first ______to the market, theseprocts enjoyed great success. (2004高考)
A. introcing B.introced C.introce D.being introced
2._____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does notseem big at all. (2004湖北)
A. Compare B.When comparing C. Comparing D.Whencompared
3.The research is so designed thatonce nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全國)
A. begins B. havingbegun C. beginning D.begun
Key：1.B 2.D 3.D
簡析 狀語從句中，如果主句的主語和從句的主語一致，且狀語從句的謂語動詞中有be動詞，從句的主語連同be可一起省略，該類狀語從句多為時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步等，連詞為when,while, though, if, unless, although, as if等，後面通常接分詞、不定式、形容詞、名詞等。
例 Look out for cars when （you are） crossingthe street.
另外，在when /if it is necessary , possible 結構中， it is通常省略。
例 Drop in on me if (it is ) possible.
二、 考查定語從句中關系代詞及關系副詞的省略
例.1.That』s an unpleasant thing to say aboutyour father after _______ he』s done for you. (2004高考)
A. something B. anything C. all D.that
2. Playing tricks on others is ______we should never do.(2004湖南)
A. anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
3. What surprised me was not what he said but ___he said it. (2004湖北)
A. the way B. in the waythat C. in the way D. the way which
Key: 1.C 2.B 3.A
簡析 關系代詞在限制性定語從句中充當賓語且不位於介詞之後可以省略；關系副詞 that在先行詞reason/ way後的省略。
例 This is the reason why / for which / that/省略he was late. (that 為關系副詞，可省略)
三、不定式符號to 的省略
例:1.A computer does only what thinking people _________.(1999上海)
A. have it do B. have itdone C. havedone it D.having it done
2. We』ve missed the last bus. I』m afraid we have no choice but_____ a taxi. (1993上海)
A. to take B.taking C. take D.taken
Key: 1.A 2.A
簡析:不定式在感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listento, overhear, observe 和使役動詞 have, make, let 後作賓語補足語時,不定式省略to。
例 I watched him disappear in the distance.
不定式符號to在介詞but ,except, besides後的省略。介詞but ,except,besides 後接不定式作賓語時，介詞前有行為動詞do,不定式要省去to。
例We did nothing but/except wait then.
不定式符號to作表語時的省略。當主語部分有行為動詞do,作表語的不定式to可省略。
例What I want to do now is find some books to read.
四、考查不定式後動詞的省略
例: 1.--- Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with metonight.
--- ______.(1999上海高考)
A. Yes, I would like to go to the Great Theater with youtonight.
B. I』d love to, but I have an exam tomorrow.
C. No, I wouldn』t D.That』s all right
2.--- Does your brother intend to studyGermany?
--- Yes, heintends ________. (1998上海高考)
A./ B.to C.so D.that
3.--- I』ll be away on a business trip. Wouldyou mind looking after my car?
--- Not atall. ________. (1995NMET)
A. I』ve no time B. I』d rathernot C. I』d likeit D. I』d behappy to
Key: 1.B 2.B 3.D
簡析 動詞love, mean, want, hate, like, wish,expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad(pleased, delighted, happy) to等後面接不定式時，為避免重復，常省略與上文相同的動詞，只保留to不定式符號。
例--- How about going for a walk ?
--- I』d like to ( go for a walk ) .
句式would have done …, should have done…, ought to have done…,needn』t have done …, used to be …等省略形式為 would have ,should have , ought to have, needn』t have , used to be,要保留不定式後的be或have。
例 ---Are you a sailor ?
--- No, but I used to be (a sailor).
五、對替代詞so 及not 的考查
1. --- You haven』t lost the ticket, have you?
--- ______.I know it』s not easy to get another one at the moment.(2004江蘇高考)
A. I hopenot B. Yes, Ihave C. I hope so D. Yes, I』m afraidso
2. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they ?
--- ________.(2003北京春)
A. I guess notso B. I don』t guess C. I don』t guessso D. I guessnot
3.--- I believe we』ve met somewhere before.
--- No, ________. (2000北京春)
A. it isn』t the same B. it can』t be true C. I don』t think so D. I』d rather not
Key: 1.A 2.D 3.C
簡析 替代詞so /not用於避免重復前面所說過的內容，代替肯定的名詞性從句。可與動詞believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及I』m afraid連用。肯定時上列動詞都可與so 搭配，否定時hope與guess只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose等詞可有兩種否定形式 ，即：I think not 或I don』t think so.
例 --- Is he going to studyabroad?
--- I believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad)
六、 考查虛擬語氣中if 及should 的省略
1._____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to putoff the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 )
A. Were B. Should C. Would D.Will
2.What would have happened _______ as far as the river bank ?(2001上海高考)
A. Bob hadwalkedfarther B. if Bobshould walk farther
C. had Bobwalkedfarther D. if Bobwalked farther
3.Jane』s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination.( 1994上海高考)
A. be,should have B. was,have C. should be, had D. was,has
4.____be sent to work there ? (2002上海高考)
A. Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest whoshould D. Do yousuggest
Key: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
簡析 在書面語中,當條件從句有were, had, should 時省略if , 把它們提至句首,形成倒裝句式。
在含有建議、要求、命令等相關的名詞性從句用should + V ，should可以省略。
例 He suggested that she (should ) go atonce.
注suggest表示「暗示」 時用陳述語氣
七、 會話中的省略
例: 1.---Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party lastnight.
--- ______. I』m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004遼寧)
A. Soundsgood! B. Very well C. How nice ! D. All right!
2.--- Let』s go and have a good drink tonight.
--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition?(2004重慶)
A. What for ? B. Thanks alot . C. Yes, I』d liketo D. Why not?
3. ---Brad was Jane』sbrother!
--- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane ! (2004浙江)
A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course
4. If you are planning to spend your moneyhaving fun this week, better ____ it —— you』ve got some bigbills coming. (2004廣東高考)
A. forget B.forgot C. forgetting D. toforget
Key: 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A
簡析 省略在會話中廣泛應用，解題時應按照問話或答語的具體內容補充完整,做好該類題型一是要注意上下文語境，二是要注意常見句式的省略。英語中常見句式的省略有：
1.It is … (that…) 強調句式中that部分省略。 2.(It is) No wonder … ( 難怪…)
3.(Is there) Anything else ?
4.(You』d) Better do
5.have some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth等片語中介詞在口語中常省略
例: 1.--- Where did you see him last night?
--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.
A. where B.that C.which D. /
2. You can』t imagine the great difficulty I had _____ yourhouse.
A. finding B.found C. tofind D. find
key 1.A 2.A
簡析 第1題可以補全強調句式that 部分： It was inthe hotel where he stayed that I saw him last night. hotel後為定語從句。
第2題是對have difficulty in doing sth片語置於定語從句的考查，介詞in 的省略加大了該題的難度。
高考鏈接
1. --- Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
--- ______. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn』t agreemore B. I』m afraid not
C. I believenot D. I don』t think so
2. --- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?
--- _______? (2004 全國I 卷)
A. Whatfor B. What is it
C. How isit D. How come
3. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer andsome nails. (2004天津高考)
A.Something B. All
C.Both D. Everything
4. Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at theconference. (2003年上海春季高考)
A.invited B. inviting
C. beinginvited D. having invited
5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____whether he was going in the right direction.（2003年北京春季）
A.seeing B. having seen
C. to haveseen D. to see
6. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him touniversity. (2002 年上海高考)
A.lacked B. lacking of
C.lacking D. lacked in
7. When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.(2002年 上海春季高考)
A.completed B. completing
C. beingcompleted D. to be completed
8. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance toscience. ( 1998上海高考)
A. which I think is B. which Ithink it is
C. which I thinkit D. I thinkis
9. If ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.(1998年上海高考)
A.giving B.give
C.given D. beinggiven
10. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
---I ________, but I had an unexpected visitor. (1997NMET）
A.had B. would
C. was goingto D.did
Key: 1-5.AABAA 6-10. CAACC
綜上所述，高考對省略的考查主要對狀語從句中的省略、不定式的省略、否定問句的省略回答、虛擬條件句中if的省略及比較級的省略的考查。只有掌握了常見的省略現象及其考查形式，才能以不變應萬變，在高考中立於不敗之地。

『捌』 關於英語語法的問題: 省略句的語法，舉幾個例子。

狀語從句的省抄略：主句主語和從句主語一致且從句謂語動詞含有動詞BE省略從句的主語和BE。
When( I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.
I won't go unless (I am) invited.

『玖』 高中英語省略句省略句是什麼語法

省略句的基本情況分為以下三個方面：
1.為避免重復而進行的省略。
當一個句子中有兩個或更多相同的詞、短語出現時，其中的第一個須保留，其餘的往往省略，以達到避免重復、使句子簡練的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情況是：當時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、方式狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、條件狀語從句等狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致並含有be時，往往將該狀語從句中的主語和be一同省略。例如： He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打籃球時受了傷。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他雖然身體還很虛弱，但他非常努力地工作。
2.語法上的省略。
有些成分的省略是出於語法上的原因——使表述更為簡明，例如： He got up at six (o』clock).他六點鍾起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二歲。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。
3.習慣用法上的省略。
有些省略句的情況是出於習慣用法，尤其是在口語中。例如，在問句中be常常省略，有時連主語一起省略： Very easy?很簡單嗎？// Feeling unwell?感覺不舒服嗎？
又如以what, how或why開頭的某些問句： What (happened) next?下面要發生什麼？// Why not?為什麼不？// Why so?為什麼這樣？