① 初二學習英語的方法和技巧
一般來說,語法和復單詞是掛鉤的制,都需要多記多練。
初二學習英語,主要是通過加強練習的方式,讓學生在閱讀題中掌握語法,我覺得比課堂上單純的語法講解要更容易接受。
資料的話參考自己的教科書就行,把書中閱讀不會的語法圈出來做個筆記,課後問老師。
另外就是做題練手,熟能生巧,做的題目多了,語法自然就鞏固了。就算一次性記不住也沒關系,只要每天能給自己提供一個英語學習環境就行。
② 初二英語語法學什麼
我馬上升初三了
八年級上學期主要學1.一般將來時be going to+動詞原形/Will
2愛好,專be interested in, enjoy doing ,be fond of doing
3感嘆句屬,what a love dog/how love the dog is!
4過去進行時,I am reading ---l was reading
5形容詞的比較級,後綴er或est
6反意疑問句,she can sing English songs, can't she?
八年級下學期主要學
1時間狀語從句,條件狀語從句,原因狀語從句
2,動詞不定式
3賓語從句
看我打了那麼多,給分吧
③ 誰能告訴我,初一英語語法學的是哪些,還有初二初三
那要看是哪個版本的教材了,我現在大一,初中那時用的是仁愛版的,主要是一般現在時和一般過去時,不會難的,上課認真聽一定可以聽懂
④ 八年級下冊英語學過的所有語法總結!
人教版新目標8年級下英語語法重點
Unit
1
Will
people
have
robots?
重點語法:一般將來時態的應用
Unit
2
What
should
I
do?
重點語法:過去將來時態(將來時態的委婉說法)
Unit
3
What
were
you
doing
when
the
UFO
arrived?
重點語法:過去進行時態
Unit
4
He
said
I
was
hard-working.
重點語法:賓語從句
Unit
5
If
you
go
to
the
party,
you'll
have
a
great
time!
重點語法:if
引導的條件狀語從句
Unit
6
How
long
have
you
been
collecting
shells?
重點語法:現在完成進行時態
Unit
7
Would
you
mind
turning
down
the
music?
重點語法:mind
[one's]
doing
sth.
介意(某人)做某事
Unit
8
Why
don't
you
get
her
a
scarf?
重點語法:詢問別人為什麼要做或者不做某事
Unit
9
Have
you
ever
been
to
an
amusement?
重點語法:現在完成時態
Unit
10
It's
a
nice
day,
isn't
it?
重點語法:反意疑問句
http://wenku..com/view/49fd2ffff705cc1755270929.html
⑤ 初二的英語語法有哪些
初二上冊:形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級用法,一般將來時,主將從現
初二下冊:過去進行時,現在完成時
⑥ 初二上學期英語,都包含哪些語法知識
初二第一學期UNIT ONE英語語法總結
1.how often...?
1)How often do you read English? I read English every day.
每隔一天=每兩天 every other day = every two days
每三、四、五天 every three/four/five days
eg.The Olympic Games are held every four years.
2)How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies once a month.
一月兩次twice a month 一月三次 times a month 一月兩三次two or three times a month
2.sometimes的位置
3.pretty 漂亮 (注意和quiet 相當 的區分)
4. 5種how的疑問句
5.Do you have the same lifestyle as them? (the same ... as 的用法)
No,mine is different from theirs. (be different from 的用法)
6.may be 與maybe
May be kate knows the answer.
=Kate may know the answer.
=Perhaps Kate knows the answer.
7.try tries tried trying
try to do something 盡力、設法做某事
try doing something 試著做某事
try one's best to do something 盡某人最大的努力去做某事
8.keep in good health = stay in good health
⑦ 初二必會的英語語法有哪些
一、意義與構成
1. 意義:表示過去
1) 發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成影響或後果
2) 某一時間開始並一直持續到現在的動作或狀態
2. 基本構成:have/has+ done (過去分詞)
3. 句型
基本結構:主語+have/has+ done (過去分詞)
a. 肯定句:主語+have/has+ done (過去分詞)
b. 否定句:主語+have/has+not+ done (過去分詞)
c. 一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+ done (過去分詞)
d. 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+ done過去分詞
二、過去分詞
與動詞的過去式一樣,動詞的過去分詞有規則動詞過去分詞和不規則動詞過去分詞兩種.
1. 規則動詞:規則動詞的過去分詞的構成規則與規則動詞的過去式的構成規則相同
1) 一般動詞,在詞尾直接加「 ed 」
如:work—worked—worked; play—played—played; enjoy—enjoyed—enjoyed.
2) 以「e」結尾的動詞,只在詞尾加「d 」
如:dance—danced—danced; live—lived—lived; place—placed—placed.
3) 以「輔音字母 + y 」結尾的動詞,將 「y」 變為 「i」 ,再加「ed」
注意:母音字母+y結尾的動詞的過去分詞的變法參見一般動詞.
如:carry—carried—carried; hurry—hurried—hurried; cry—cried—cried
4) 重讀閉音節結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加「ed」
如:plan—planned—planned; stop—stopped—stopped; drop—dropped—dropped
2. 不規則動詞
不規則動詞的過去分詞有5種形式:
A-A-A 如:cost—cost—cost; cut—cut—cut; hit—hit—hit
A-B-B 如:bring—brought—brought; build—built—built; catch—caught—caught;
keep—kept—kept; sell—sold—sold; smell—smelt—smelt;
learn—learnt—learnt; say—said—said; meet—met—met;
make—made—made; leave—left—left
此類變化涉及到的動詞較多,需要同學們認真記憶.
A-B-C 如:begin—began—begun; blow—blew—blown; drive—drove—drive;
break—broke—broken; forget—forgot—forgotten; eat—ate—eaten;
take—took—taken; do—did—done
此類變化涉及到的動詞較多,需要同學們認真記憶.
A-A-B 如:beat—beat—beaten
A-B-A 如:come—came—come
不規則動詞的過去分詞變化規則多,但是還是有一定的規律所循,希望同學們多花心思,細心記下,這是使用完成時態的基礎.
三、用法
1. 現在完成時用來表示過去已發生過或完成的動作或狀態,但其結果卻和現在有聯系,也就是說,動
作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在.
I have spent all of my money. 我花光了身上所有的錢.
(含義是:I don』t have any money now.)
Jane has laid the table. Jane已經把桌子擺好了.
(含義是:We can sit and have dinner.)
Michael has been ill. Michael病了.
(含義是:He can』t come to school.)
He has returned from abroad. 他已經從國外回來了.
(含義是:He』s at home now.)
2. 現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的,持續到現在的情況,常與for(+時間段),
since(+時間點)連用.
Mary has been ill for three days. Mary已經病了三天了.
I have lived here since 1998. 我從1998年起一直住在這.
I have been a teacher for 10 years. 我當老師已經10年了.
注意:點動詞(buy, die, join, finish等)不能直接與for, since 連用,需要改變動詞.
1) have代替buy
I have bought new car. 他買了輛新車.(含義:他自己有車,不用搭別人車等.)
I have had this bike for almost 7 years. 我買這輛自行車七年了.
2) 用keep或have代替borrow
He has kept the book for a long time. 他借這書好長時間了.
3) 用be in替代come to/ join/ move to等
How long have you been in America? 你來美國多久了?
4) 用be+副詞 替代start/ get up/ return to/go back to
The show has been on for half an hour. Hurry up!
演出已經開始了半個小時了.快點!
I』ve been up for an hour, but I still feel sleepy.
我起床已經一個小時了,但是我還是覺得很困.
He has been back to his hometown for a year, but he』s still missing the life in the
city.
他回到故鄉都一年了,但是他還是很懷念城市生活.
總之,後加時間的完成時表達中,都表達一個動作所延續的時間,而點動詞只表達那一動作,動作之後所處的狀態,應該用相應的狀態詞來表達,如come是「來」的意思,而來之後的日子都是「在…」因為不能用come表達,應該用be in…來表達,意為「一直處於…」.
3. 現在完成時的時間狀語
現在完成時屬於現在時范圍,故不能和過去的時間狀語連用.如:yesterday, last Sunday,
in1990, three years ago等.但是,在強調動作產生的後果和影響時,可以和一些表示不確定的時
間狀語連用.
如:I have finished my homework yesterday. (×)
I finished my homework yesterday. (√)
1)副詞already和yet
already一般用於肯定句中,yet一般用於否定句和疑問句中.
如:I』ve already slept for 12 hours but I』m still feeling tired.
我都睡了12個小時了可是我還是很累.
I haven』t finished working yet.
我還沒有完成工作.
Have you found your lost cat yet?
你找到你丟了的小貓了嗎?
2)ever和never
多用於否定或疑問句中,表示「曾經」或「從未」.
如:---Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾經去過長城嗎?
---No, I haven』t. I have never been to the Great Wall. 沒有.我從未去過長城.
3)用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語,如:just, before, up to now, the past few years等.
如:I have just finished my paper. 我才寫完我的論文.
I』ve dream about that before. 我以前夢到過那個情景.
Up to now, he has got 3 gold medals in the Olympic Games.
到現在為止,他已經在奧運會中取得了三塊金牌.
He has been there three times the last few days.
近幾年他去過那裡三次了.
4)用包括「現在」在內的時間狀語,如:now, today, this morning (month, year, term)等.
如:---Have you met him today?
---No, I haven't.
---今天你見過他嗎?---沒有.
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去過那裡多少次?
⑧ 初二英語詞彙和語法部分該如何去學習
初二學來習英語接觸到的東西並不自多,可以說算是起步階段,要跟住老師所講的內容,理解並記憶。買盤配教材的英語光碟,聽幾遍後,試著跟著讀,不要害怕,放聲朗讀,錯了有了不要怕,一邊聽錄音,一邊念,培養語感。單詞記憶,這個可以配合著一些記單詞的方法來,這個只能下苦功夫了。記住不能單記單詞的拼寫,要會讀。音標是基礎。語法方面,要跟住老師所講,不懂就要問。這個就得靠老師了,畢竟老師的比較系統,學語法不能片面的,那樣只能理解不全。你可以去北京新東方中學全科教育的初中聽說讀寫拔高住宿班學習一下。把知識點再梳理一下。最後,就是要多練,聽說讀寫都要練習,不能學啞巴英語。
⑨ 初二英語上半學期要掌握的語法有哪些
一、形容詞副詞比較級①構成1.一般單音節詞和少數以-er,-ow結尾的雙音節詞,比較級在後面加-er,最高級在後面加-est;
(1)單音節詞
如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest
tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest
(2)雙音節詞
如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest
2.以不發音e結尾的單音節詞,比較在原級後加-r,最高級在原級後加-st;
如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest
3.在重讀閉音節(即:輔音+母音+輔音)中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加-er,最高級加-est;
如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
4.以「輔音字母+y」結尾的雙音節詞, 把y改為i,比較級加-er,最高級加-est;
如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest
5.其他雙音節詞和多音節詞,比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most;
如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
different→more different→most different
easily→more easily→most easily
注意:(1)形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞 the,副詞最高級前可不用。
例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
(2) 形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義,只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem.
=It is a very important problem.
6.有少數形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規則的,必須熟記。
如:good→better→best well→better→best
bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→most little→less→least
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest②用法1.「A + be +形容詞比較級 + than + B」 意思為「A比B更……」。
如:This tree is taller than that one. 這棵樹比那棵樹高。
注意:
① 在含有連詞than的比較級中,前後的比較對象必須是同一范疇,即同類事物之間的比較。
②在比較級前面使用much,表示程度程度「強得多」。
如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③ very, quite一般只能修飾原級,不能修飾比較級。
2.「比較級 + and + 比較級」或「more and more +原級」表示「越來越……」
如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天來了,天氣變得越來越暖和了。
It is getting cooler and cooler.
天氣越來越涼爽。
The wind became more and more heavily.
風變得越來越大。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我們的學校變得越來越美麗。
3.在含有or的選擇疑問句中,如果有兩者供選擇,前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。
如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 誰更高,Tim還是Tom?
4. 「the +比較級……, the+比較級」,表示「越……越……」。
The more money you make, the more you spend.
錢你賺得越多,花得越多。
The sooner,the better.
越快越好。
5. 表示倍數的比較級用法:
①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.
如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.
這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高)
②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍)
③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.
我們學校比你們學校大兩倍。
6.形容詞、副詞的最高級形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較,表示「最……」的意思。
句子中有表示範圍的詞或短語。如:of the three, in our class等等。
如:He is the tallest in our class.
他在我們班裡是最高的。
7."否定詞語+比較級","否定詞語+ so… as"結構表示最高級含義。
Nothing is so easy as this.
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
8. 比較級與最高級的轉換:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class
7.修飾比較級和最高級的詞
1)可修飾比較級的詞
①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
②. 還可以用表示倍數的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。
③. 以上詞(除by far)外,必須置於比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。
注意: 使用最高級要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內。
(錯) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(對) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2)下列詞可修飾最高級:by far, far, much, mostly, almost。
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
注意:
a. very可修飾最高級,但位置與much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b. 序數詞通常只修飾最高級。
Africa is the second largest continent.
8.要避免重復使用比較級。
(錯) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(對) He is more clever than his brother.
(對) He is cleverer than his brother.
9.要避免將主語含在比較對象中。
(錯) China is larger that any country in Asia.
(對) China is larger than any other country in Asia.
10.要注意對應句型,遵循前後一致的原則。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
11.要注意冠詞的使用,後有名詞的時候,前面才有可能有名詞。
比較:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.二、連詞but and or 表示並列用and 表示轉折用but 表示選擇用or三、條件狀語從句經典語句:If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
If you open the door,i will come in.
條件狀語從句就是用以表示「在某種條件下,會……」
常用if ,in case , on condition等詞來引導
連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing 等。.
主句用一般將來時,if或unless引導的條件狀語從句用一般現在時。
固定搭配:unless = if...not.
e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種:
真實條件句,
如:If it rains tomorrow, we won』t go on a picnic.
非真實條件句是虛擬語氣的一種,表示與事實相反,如:
If I were you, I would go with him.
so/as long as只要
由as (so) long as, in case引導。
So long as you』re happy, it doesn』t matter what you do.
只要你高興,你做什麼都沒有關系。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持書的清潔,你就可以把我的書借去。
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
帶著你的傘吧,以防下雨。
四、原因狀語從句(because和because of的用法) because+句子 because of+名詞短語/名詞五、五種基本句式 1、主語+謂語(S+V) 2、主語+謂語+直接賓語(S+V+DO) 3、主語+連系動詞+表語(S+V+P) 4、主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO) 5、主語+謂語+直接賓語+賓語補足語(S+V+DO+OC)六、副詞的構成 1、大多數形容詞直接+ly 2、以le結尾的形容詞-e+y 3、以不發音的e結尾的形容詞-y+ily七、過去進行時 ①用法:1.表示過去某一時間內(正在)進行的動作
如:I was doing my homework at 9 p.m. last Sunday.
2.表示一動作正在進行時,另一動作同時正在進行.
(1)用while連接(while只接doing)(註:如果主句和從句都是一般過去時,可以用while連接兩個句子)
例:My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(可以持續動作時態一致)
(2)when表示(when可以接doing或did,when後動作時間長,用doing,時間短,用did)
例:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(間接表達了具體時間)
3.重復的動作
When he worked here, John was always making mistakes.
4.表示過去將要發生的動作
She told us Mr.Lee was arriving here.
5.用於故事,以提供其時間背景
6.表示禮貌
7有時可強調過去某一動作延續時間較長 [編輯本段]常用的時間狀語 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. [編輯本段]典型例題 (1) Mary _C_ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情,應用過去時。同 時,when表時間的同時性,"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景,因此用過去進行時。
(2) As she _b__ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案C. 句中的as = when, while,意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時,用過去進行;一個長動作發生的時候,另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時,奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時),是系動詞,後跟形容詞,如:fall sick。 過去進行時的基本用法:表示過去某個時刻或時間正在進行過持續進行的動作,句中往往需要有時間狀語來表示這一特定的時間. What were they doing just now? 他們剛才在干什麼?②句型肯定句=主語(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+doing+其它
否定句=主語(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑問句及答語=Was/Were+主語(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它 答語:Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.
特殊疑問句=特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它
過去進行時vs一般過去時
都強調過去發生的事
進行時強調過程,不一定完成
過去時強調事件,一定完成
p,s表示一個動作正在進行時,另一個動作發生了
如:He played when I was studying.
不用於進行時的動詞
感官動詞:hear,see,notice,feel,taste……
表示態度感情的動詞:like,love,hate……
表心理狀態:feel,want,prefer……
表佔有:own,have,……
表存在狀態和持續:look,owe,be……
when 和while的用法區別
兩者的區別如下:
①when是at or ring the time that, 既指時間點,也可指一段時間;
while是ring the time that,只指一段時間,因此when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞,也可以是延續性動詞,而while從句中的動詞必須是延續性動詞。
②when 說明從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時,也可以是先後發生;while 則強調主句的動作在從句動作的發生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發生。
③由when引導的時間狀語從句,主句用過去進行時,從句應用一般過去時;如果從句和主句的動作同時發生,兩句都用過去進行時的時候,多用while引導,如:
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
當此句改變主從句的位置時,則為:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b They were singing while we were dancing.