A. 仁愛版初中英語語法
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 (比較級 and 比較級) 表示越來越怎麼樣
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 贊成某人
5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
7 along with同……一道,伴隨…… eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
8 As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的東西) eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……歲時 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的開始
15 at the end of +地點/+時間 最後;盡頭;末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表:1 現在進行時 2 將來時
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允許做什麼
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視
23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什麼而生某人的氣
25 be as…原級…as 和什麼一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高
26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 28 be away from 從……離開
29 be bad for 對什麼有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生於 31 be busy doing sth 忙於做什麼事 be busy with sth 忙於……
32 be careful 當心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什麼不一樣
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好
36 be from = come from 來自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 裝滿……的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原) 將來時
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善於……
41 be good for 對什麼有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高興做某事
43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處
Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
44 be in good health 身體健康
45 be in trouble 處於困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣
47 be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的氣
50 be made from 由……製成(製成以後看不見原材料)
51 be made of 由……製成(製成以後還看得見原材料) 52 be not sure 表不確定
53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
55 be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊傑
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 嚴於做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什麼
65 be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大腦(老師)
68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試
69 be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語
70 be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什麼一樣 73 be used to doing sth 習慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺
74 be worth doing 值得做什麼 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
76 because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什麼開始什麼
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 兩者之間
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給……什麼東西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打擾你,但是你能告訴我怎麼去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我幾個周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 關心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什麼不關心國家的未來
85 catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地
87 come in 進88 come over to 過來
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎?
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考慮做什麼 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什麼不考慮去瀘州?
92 dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
93 decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做錯 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意……
99 each +名(單)每一個…eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監獄里逃跑出來 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什麼
106 far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發現做某事怎麼樣
108 find sb/sth +adj 發現什麼怎麼樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名詞)
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完,被(別人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(頭發被剪了)
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了(被牙醫拔掉了)
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什麼而准備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 從某處得到某物 121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續做這件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上學(用於專業的)go to the school 去學校(不一定是上學) 127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會 130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談
131 have been doing 現在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方)……去過某過地方 have gone to …(地方) 去了某地還沒回來
133 have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什麼事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業要做 I have nothing to do 我沒什麼事情做
135 have to do sth 必須做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什麼事情有麻煩
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用處
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 幫助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什麼的看法
145 if : 是否=wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能准時到達
146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般時態)+條件語態從句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃,他們會讓我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢,我就要去英國
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最後
150 in the north of… 什麼在什麼的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東 )
B. 仁愛英語七年級上下冊語法總結資料,
冠詞——a,,the
a用於(輔音字母開頭)的單數名詞
an用於(母音字母開頭)的單數名詞
上文提到的下文再提到用「the」
名詞分為可數名詞和不可數名詞
可數名詞復數的加法:
一般情況加「s」
以「s,x,ch,sh」結尾的+es
以「輔音字母加y」結尾的改:「y」為「i」加「es」
以「fe」結尾的改「fe」為「v」加「es」
不規則(man——men;foot——feet;mouse——mice;family——families;knife——knives)
不可數名詞用量詞
例如:a bottle(s) of
名詞所有格
單數的加』s
復數的加s』
兩人共有的. s』加在後一個上
兩人分別有的.各加』s(如Lucy』s and Lily』s bags.)
片語
Look after/like/the same/at + 名詞
help yourself/yourselves to
be動詞(am,is,are) + from
情態動詞——must/can + 動詞原形
介詞(in,on,at)
時間——
in morning/afternoon/evening
on Sunday/Monday/Tuesday
at + 點鍾
地點——
in a hospital/school
on a farm/the sofa
at school/home
代詞(人稱代詞和物主代詞)
1.人稱代詞分為主格和賓格
動詞/介詞 + 賓格
物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞
形容詞性物主代詞 + 名詞
注意:「I」 要放在後面!
例如:Kangkang and I are in the same class.(the same + 名詞單數形式)
七年級下冊仁愛英語語法摘要
●一般現在時
不加冠詞——1.go…by bus/car/subway/bike…
2.on foot
時間狀語:never、often、sometimes、always、everyday…
對頻率提問:How often…
人稱變化:第三人稱單數加「s」或「es」或改「y」為「i」加「es」
現在進行時
構成——be動詞(am,is,are)+Ving
時間狀語:now、at the moment、look、listen
There be句型——
There is + 單數名詞/不可數名詞
There are + 復數
注意:「some」改否定句或一般疑問句時要變成「any」
對數字提問——
How many +復數名詞
How much +不可數名詞
對名詞提問:What is +介詞片語
動詞的變化
加原形——
例如:a. Let us/me + 動詞原形
b. Why not + 動詞原形
c. 祈使句 動詞原形開頭
2.動詞 +Ving
例如:a.介詞+Ving(a ticket for speeding)
b.句型+Ving (hear sb. doing)
c.單詞 + Ving(like/love/go +Ving)
●動詞 + to do
1.Would like/ want to do sth
2.get sb. to check
3.It is good to help
4.I am glad to get
●名詞復數特殊變化
1.child——children
2.shelf——shelves
3.life——lives
希望這是你想要的答案,望採納!
C. 初一英語(仁愛版)語法總結
仁愛英語七年級下冊知識點語言點總結
Unit 5 Our School Life
Topic1 How do you go toschool?
一、重點詞語:
1. wake up 醒來,喚醒 get up 起床
2. go to school 去上學 gohome 回家
3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming 去跳舞;購物、滑冰;游泳
go doingsomething 可用於表達去進行某種娛樂休閑活動。
4. 表示交通方式:
on foot 步行
by boat 坐船 by ship 坐船 by air 乘飛機
by plane 乘飛機 by train 坐火車 by subway 搭乘地鐵
by car 坐小汽車 bybus 坐公共汽車 by bike 騎自行車
5. take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地鐵;公共汽車;小汽車
6. drive a car to work = go to work by car 駕車去上班
take a bus to work = go towork by bus 乘公共汽車去上班
go to school on foot = walkto school 步行去上學
7. ride a bike / horse 騎自行車;騎馬
8. after school / class 放學以後;下課以後
9. play the piano / guitar /violin 彈鋼琴;吉他;小提琴
play basketball / soccer /football 打籃球;踢足球;打橄欖球
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
play with a computer 玩電腦
play sports 做運動
10. next to 緊挨著,在…旁邊
11. a plan of my school 一幅我們學校的平面圖
12. on weekdays 在工作日
at weekends 在周末
13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals 吃早餐;中餐;晚餐;正餐;一日三餐
have classes / lessons / a meeting 上課;上課;開會
14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals 看電視;電影;比賽;動物
read novels / newspapers /books 看小說;報紙;書
15. wash one』s face /clothes 洗臉;衣服
16. 反義詞:up – down,early – late 近義詞:quickly – fast
get up early 早起 be late for 遲到
17. the first / second / third / fourth day 第一;二;三;四天
18. clean the house 打掃房子
19. 表示建築物(尤其學校建築物):
on the playground 在操場
at school / home / table 在學校;家裡;桌旁
in a computerroom / teachers』 office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen
在電腦室;教師辦公室;教學樓;體操館;圖書館;實驗室;食堂
20. around six o』clock = at about six o』clock 大約在六點
21. 頻率副詞:never,seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
二、重點句型:
1. It』s time to get up. 該起床的時候了。
It』s time forbreakfast. = It』s time to have breakfast = It』s time for having breakfast.該吃早飯了
2. You must go to school early. 你必須早點去上學。(主觀因素造成「必須」)
I have to wash my facequickly. 我不得不迅速地洗臉。(客觀因素造成「必須」)
3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快樂!也祝你新年快樂!
4. How about you? = What about you? 你怎麼樣?
5. It tastes good. 它嘗起來很好。 It sounds good. 它聽起來很好。
6. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
你通常怎樣去上學?我通常騎自行車去上學。
What do you usually doafter school? I usually play computer games.
你通常放學做什麼?我通常玩電腦游戲。
7. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.
她通常怎樣去上班?她通常開車去上班。
What does heusually do after class? He usually reads novels.
他通常下課後做什麼?他通常看小說。
8. The early bird catches the worm! 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。/ 笨鳥先飛。
9. Where』s Mr. Zhou going? He』s going to Shanghai. 周先生將要去哪裡?他將要去上海。
三、語法學習:復習一般現在時和現在進行時。
一般現在時:
1. 區別含有be動詞和行為動詞的肯定句式。
I am at home.√ I stay at home.√ 【 Iam stay at home. × She stay at home. ×】
2. 一般疑問句、否定句表達的不同方式:
Are you at home? Doyou stay at home? Does she stay athome?
Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, I do. No, Idon』t. Yes, she does. No, shedoesn』t.
I am not at home. Idon』t stay at home. She doesn』tstay at home.
3. 主語為第三人稱單數時,謂語行為動詞的變化。
She plays computer games on Sundays.
She studies English everymorning.
She goes to school onweekdays.
She has breakfast at 6:45.
4. 用法:
(1) 表示現在的狀況:I am ateacher. You are student. They are in London.
(2) 表示經常的或習慣性的動作:Iusually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.
(3) 表示主語具備的性格和能力等:Helikes playing basketball. They do the cooking.
現在進行時:
1. 基本句式結構:I am playing with a computer.
2. 現在分詞構成法:
go – going play – playing have– having drive – driving
run – running swim – swimming begin – beginning
3. 用法:
(1)表示現在正在進行的動作:She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。
(2)方位動詞的現在進行時可用來表示將要發生的動作:I』m going. 我要走了。
四、交際用語:談論交通工具及如何上學和日常生活。
主要句型:
How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
I』m riding a bike now.
What』s she doing? She』sdancing.
Do you often go to thelibrary?
Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?
一、重點詞語:
1. 學科名詞:
政治politics ; 語文Chinese; 數學math; 英語English; 歷史history; 地理geography;
生物biology; 音樂music ; 體育P.E. ; 美術Art
2. 一周七天名詞:
星期日 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
3. swimming pool 游泳池
4. listen to music 聽音樂 write letters 寫信 goroller-skating 滑滑輪
go shopping 去購物 havean English class 上英語課 go to the park 去公園
meet friends 會見朋友 drawpictures 畫畫 play sports 做運動
watch TV 看電視 playcomputer games 玩電腦游戲 playsoccer 踢足球
work on mathproblems 解答數學題 take exercises 做運動
learn aboutthe past 學習歷史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 學著用中文讀寫
play ball games with myclassmates 和我的同班同學玩球類游戲
5. be good at = do well in 擅長於… I am good at English. = Ido well in English.
6. be different from 與…不同 the same as 與…相同
7. do outdoor activities 進行戶外活動
8. every week 每周 eachday 每天 three times a week 每周三次
9. 反義詞:boring –interesting difficult – easy begin – finish
近義詞:difficult – hard
10. care about 關心;擔心
11. try to do something 嘗試去做某事
12. do one』s best 盡力去做某事 do one』s homework 做家作
13. like doing something = love doing something 喜歡做某事
hate doing something 討厭做某事
14. noon break 午休
15. athalf past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六點半 at seven o』clock = at seven 在七點
at fivefifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五點十五分
at fifteen to ten = at aquarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九點四十五分
16. for a little while 就一會兒
17. a student of Grade One 一年級的學生
18. eat out 出去吃
19. get home 到家
二、重點句型:
1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜歡哪個地方?我最喜歡電腦室。
2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜歡的運動。
3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你為什麼這么想?因為他喜歡睡覺。
4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你經常去圖書館嗎?經常。
5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅長與足球。
6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的興趣和他們的不一樣。
7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少節課?
8. What time is school over? 什麼時候放學?
9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都盡力做到最好。
10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 如果我總是盡力,我就不需要擔心考試
11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for alittle while.
晚餐後,我經常做作業然後看一會兒電視。
三、語法學習:以How,Wh- 開頭的疑問句。
疑問詞:how often, how long, how soon,how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when,who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class…
四、交際用語:談論課程、作息時間、個人愛好及學習生活。
主要句型:
Which place do you like best? I like the computerroom best.
What』s your favorite subject? Math is.
How often do you…? Everyday. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.
Do you like going to…?Yes, I do. / No, I don』t.
How many lessons do youhave every day? We have seven lessons every day..
When do morning classesbegin? At 7:20.
***Topic3 I like the schoollife here.
一、重點詞語:
1. 反義詞:first –last borrow – return / give back
2. 名詞單數轉化復數:life –lives shelf – shelves leaf – leaves half – halves life - lives
3. between… and… 在…與…之間
4. school hall 學校大廳
5. else, other 別的
6. Lost and Found Room 失物招領處
7. the school life 學校生活
8. most of them 他們大多數 all pupils 所有的學生 few pupils 很少學生
9. spare time 空閑時間
10. have a short sleep 休息片刻
11. and so on 等等
12. on time 按時
13. Here it is. = Here you are. 給你
14. Our School Times 《學校時報》 Everyday Science 《每日科技》
15. get to school 到校 get home 到家
16. learn…from 向…學習
17. 名詞變成形容詞:wonder– wonderful, use – useful, care – careful, beauty - beautiful
interest –interesting excite - exciting
二、重點句型:
1. Welcome to our school. 歡迎到我們學校來。
2. What do you think of our school? It』s very nice. 你認為我們學校怎麼樣?它非常漂亮。
3. Let me find it on the computer first. 首先讓我在電腦上找到它。
4. Wait a minute. = Just a minute.等一等。
5. Mary can』t find her purse and we』re looking for it. 瑪麗找不到她的錢包,我們正在找它。
6. Is there anything else in it? No, there isn』t. 裡面還有別的嗎?不,沒有了。
7. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然謝謝你。
Thank you foryour hard work. 謝謝你們的努力工作。
Thank you for asking me. 謝謝你邀請我。
8. Almost all the pupils walk or take a yellow school bus. 幾乎所有的小學生都步行或坐黃色的校車。
Very few pupils ride bikes. 很少小學生騎自行車。
Most of them have lunch atschool. 他們大部分在學校吃午飯。
9. I read them with great interest. 我帶著極大的興趣讀它們。
10. We』ll let you know if we find yours. 如果我們找到你的(錢包)我們會讓你知道的。
11. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以問你幾個問題嗎?
13. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? I』mfrom Australia.
你來自哪裡?我來自澳大利亞。
Which city of Australiado you come from? 你來自澳大利亞哪個城市?
14. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久?兩個星期。
15. Do you have a problem? 你有問題嗎?
三、語法學習:There is / are… 的學習。
1. 用法:表示存在。什麼時間或者地點「有」什麼東西
2. 幾種基本句式:
There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本書和兩支筆。
******其它詳細內容,請見附件。
D. 仁愛版初一英語語法
名詞的復數形式一般在單數後面加-S或-es (構成方法和發音規則)
s在清輔音後發/s/ 如.desks maps;
在濁輔音、母音後發/z/ 如.jobs workers;
es有兩種情況:一般情況下同s,發音是/s , z/
感嘆句是用來表達說話者說話時的驚異、喜悅、憤怒、氣憤等思想感情的句子。其結構常由感嘆詞「What(How)+感嘆的部分+主語+謂語!」構成。讀時一般用降調。主要有以下兩大句型:
一、由感嘆詞what引導的感嘆句。
what修飾名詞或名詞短語,有以下兩種形式:
1. What+a(an)+(形容詞)+單數可數名詞+主語+謂語!如:
What an apple this is!
What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容詞)+可數名詞復數或不可數名詞+主語+謂語!
What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
二、由How引導的感嘆句。
how用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。其結構是:How+形容詞(副詞)+主語+謂語!
How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
注意:當how修飾動詞時,動詞不跟著感嘆詞提到主語之前。
How the runner runs!
三、what與how引導的感嘆句,一般情況下可以相互轉換,轉換後意義不變。如:
What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!
what a beautiful bulding it is!==How beautiful the building is!
四、在口語中,感嘆句的主語和謂語常常省略。如:
What a nice present!(省略it is)
How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、謂的詞語)
回答者: 萍mm - 護國法師 十五級 6-20 09:38
感嘆句的句型特點及做法:
一、如何快速掌握感嘆句?
學會分析五種基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感嘆句的關鍵,陳述句變感嘆句實際上就是句子成分位置的移動。
例1 She is smiling sweetly.
→How sweetly she is smiling!(移動狀語)
二、哪些句子成分可能會移動位置?
通過對句子成分的分析我們就可以確定哪個句子成分需要挪動位置,一般說來含有形容詞的名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語需要變動位置。位置可能會變動的句子成分:賓語、表語和狀語。
例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.
→What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移動賓語含有形容詞的名詞短語)
三、如何確定使用what還是使用how?
當我們做句型變換或選擇題時需要自己確定到底是用what還是用how,一般可以這樣來確定:位於主語之前的是名詞短語時用what,是形容詞或副詞短語時用how。但這種格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N
例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike 名詞短語)
例 4 How fast he is riding!(fast 副詞)
例 5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how + adj. + a/ an +N)
四、如何判斷是否使用冠詞、使用什麼樣的冠詞?
名詞的復數形式和不可數名詞之前不使用冠詞,以母音音素開頭的詞語之前用an,以輔音音素開頭的詞語之前用a。
例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可數名詞)
例7 What a useful book this is!(useful 以輔音音素開頭)
例8 What an old house that is!(old 以母音音素開頭)
五、感嘆句有哪幾種格式?
簡單地說是"兩型七式":兩種句型是以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型,七種格式是
① what + a + adj. + N+ S +V
② what + an + adj. +N +S +V
③ what + adj. + N(不可數) + S +V
④ what + adj. + N(可數名詞復數形式)+ S+V
⑤ how + adj.+ S +V
⑥ how + adv. + S + V
⑦ how + adj. + a/ an + N + S+V
例 What exciting news it is!(what + adj. + N(可數名詞復數形式)+ S + V結構)
例9 What good teachers they are!(what + adj. + N(可數名詞復數形式)+ S+V結構)
例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how + adv. + S + V結構)
例11 How beautiful a picture it is!(how + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 結構)
六、以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型怎樣進行轉換?
這兩種句型之間的轉換主要是指以下兩種情況而言的:
⒈含有"a/ an + adj. + N "結構的句子方法是把形容詞單獨抽出來放在名詞短語的前面和how搭配使用。
⒉名詞短語作主語而表語是形容詞的句子方法是把主語當作"a/ an + adj. + N"結構的中心名詞而用人稱代詞充當主語。
例12 What an expensive glass he broke! →How expensive a glass he broke!
例13 How beautiful the birds are! →what beautiful birds they are!
(說明:N代表名詞,未特別說明者代表可數名詞的單數形式,S代表主語,V代表動詞)
七、在感嘆句中哪些詞語常常省略?
常常省略的是充當主語的人稱代詞和動詞be。
例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is
E. 仁愛版 初二下冊英語語法.
think of
想起, 記起; 想念
Will you think of me after I've left?
我離開之後, 你還會記得我嗎?
有…想法, 有…看法
She couldn't think of such a thing.
她簡直不能想像這樣的事。
對…有意見
He was highly thought of by his employer.
他為老闆所器重。
考慮
She thinks of no one but herself.
她除了自己外不考慮任何人。
think about
考慮…; 捉摸…
I should like to think about your suggestion before I give a definite reply.
我想先考慮一下你的建議, 然後給你一個明確的答復。
對…有(某種觀點)
What do you think about him?
你覺得他這個人怎麼樣?
回想起, 記起
She was thinking about her childhood days.
她在回憶自己的童年時代。
think over
仔細考慮
You have heard the proposal; now go away and think it over.
你已聽了這項提議, 現在去仔細想想。
重新考慮
I've thought the plan over and decided not to join it after all.
我重新考慮了那個計劃, 終於決定不參與其事。
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
9. 餐館就餐用語:a table for two/sit at the table by the window/here』s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?/That』s all.
10. 問路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3個路口往右拐=take the third crossing on your right
12. 過橋go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的盡頭go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb』s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what』s the matter?=what』s wrong?=what』s the trouble?怎麼了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那裡.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+時間+to do sth. Sb做sth花費了…時間
20. 路途遙遠It』s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That』s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分鍾的步行/駕駛路程:five minutes』 walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb』s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那時
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像東京這樣的大城市
27. It』s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.(對sb來說)做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 條件狀語從句:從句一般現在時,主句一般將來時。如:If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 為…做准備get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不讓sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高興
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲憊的聲音/面帶微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 為了sth與sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 為…而抱怨,投訴
37. 生病用語:sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 頭痛,have a cough 咳嗽,have/catch a cold 感冒,have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃葯,每天3次
39. take sb』s temperature 量體溫,look over 醫生檢查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水,take more exercise 多鍛煉
41. sb醒來: sb wake up, //sb 醒著的:sb be awake
42. sb 睡著了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙著…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠葯,light music 輕音樂
46. again and again 再三地,一次又一次
47. dream about…夢見…; dream of… 夢想成為…
48. 系動詞+形容詞: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble製造麻煩,惹是生非,make a noise 製造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分鍾
51. instead/instead of…代替,取而代之,反而
52. write to sb. 寫信給sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足;stay happy 保持心情開朗
54. on time 准時;in time 按時
55. sb had better (not) do sth, sb 最好(別)做sth
56. land on …登陸
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上來
58. 不定代詞:something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we』re all by ourselves=we』re alone.單獨,獨自
60. feel a little afraid/don』t be afraid. 有點害怕/別害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也許,可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 遲早,早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顧,保管
67. 我自學英語learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 學會…
69. 記日記 keep a diary,寫日記 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 單獨留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入團/黨
72. 越來越…:比較級+and+比較級; more and more +多音節詞。如:bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比較級,the +比較級。 如:越大越好:the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 開/關(電器),turn up/down音量開大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整個故事,整件事情
76. 過了一會兒after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼臉
78. 名勝,景點interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大風;in the wind 在風里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒裝句(為了強調)There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 說完這些話,說著說著(伴隨狀語)。
85. I don』t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎樣使用它。
where to go. 我不知道該去哪裡。
what to do. 我不知道該做什麼。
86. wait for sb』s turn to do sth 等著輪到sb做sth
It』s sb』s turn to do sth. 輪到sb去做sth
F. 北京仁愛版英語7年級下冊語法重點
◇句型一:形容詞或副詞比較級+than…
□注意事項:該句型為比較級的最基本句型。只要看到than,即可確定前面使用比較級。
He is taller than I am. The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.
◇句型二:less + 形容詞的原級 + than
□注意事項:該句型表示「不如、不及」,特別需要注意的是,less本身就是little的比較級,後面必須跟形容詞的原級,否定就造成了比較級的重復使用。
This computer is less expensive than that one.
◇句型三:as +形容詞或副詞的原級+ as
□注意事項: 該句型表示對比的兩者程度相當,as之間必須跟形容詞或副詞的原級,決不能使用比較級。此外,
還要確定使用形容詞還是副詞。確定的依據就是根據第一個as前的動詞,如果是系動詞(如be,感官動詞look, sound, smell, taste, feel等),那麼就用形容詞的原級,如果前面的動詞是一般的實義動詞,那麼就必須用副詞的原級修飾動詞。
This lesson is as easy as that one. Lucy talks with old people as politely as her sister.
特別提醒:as…as之間也可以跟名詞,句型如下:
☆as +形容詞+ a/an +單數名詞+as He is as kind a person as his father. 他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。
☆as + many/much+不可數名詞/可數名詞復數+as I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少紙,我也能。
I have as many books as you do. 我的書和你的一樣多。 We』ll give you as much help as we can. 我們將盡我們所能給你幫助。
其它幾個關於as…as的句型:
☆as … as one can:盡其所能 He began to run as fast as he could.
☆as … as possible:盡可能 Please help us as quickly as possible.
☆as soon as…一……就…… He will call me as soon as he comes here.
◇句型四:not as/so +形容詞或副詞的原級+ as
□注意事項: 該句型表示「前者不如後者……」,往往可以與句型一和句型二替換。第一個as可以換為so。
This classroom is not as bright as yours. I cannot run as fast as you.
◇句型五:the +形容詞或副詞最高級+ in / of / among +比較范圍
□注意事項: 如果這里為副詞最高級,前面的the常常省略。介詞in和of的用法完全不一樣。in表示「在某一范圍
內」,如:in the classroom,in the world。of表示「在同類之間」,of後面的詞與主語同類,另名詞前一般有冠詞the。among表示「在(三者或三者以上)之間」,among後接代詞或沒有修飾語的名詞。
The Changjiang River is the longest river in our country. Peter is the tallest of the six students.
This picture is the most beautiful among these.
◇句型六:one of + 形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數形式
□注意事項: one of有三大考點:1. 後跟形容詞最高級;2. 後接可數名詞復數形式;3. 作主語時主語為one,
謂語動詞用單數形式。 One of the smallest dinosaurs was about one metre long.
◇句型七:比較級+and +比較級 / more and more +多音節詞的原級
□注意事項:該句型表示「越來越……」,如果該形容詞比較級構成形式加er,則用前面的句型;如果該形容詞比較級加more構成,則用後面的句型。It is getting hotter and hotter. The girl is becoming more and more beautiful.
◇句型八:the +比較級+…, the +比較級+…
□注意事項:該句型意思為「越……就越……」,表示兩種情況同時變化。
The more you eat, the fatter you will be. In the test, the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
◇句型九:be different from
□注意事項: 該句型沒有運用比較級,但也是對兩者事物進行比較。注意前後比較需在同類事物中進行。
My schoolbag is different from yours.
◇句型十:the same as… / the same…as…
□注意事項: 該句型同樣沒有運用比較級,表示兩者之間具有共同特性。注意這里的as和same為固定搭配,不
能隨便變換。 I don』t want to buy the same things as Amy did.
◇句型十一:比較級+than + any other +名詞單數形式
□注意事項: any other 後面跟單數名詞,表示「任何別的」,即主語在范圍內,必須把自身從這一范圍內除去,否則邏輯
上不通。如果主語不在這一范圍內,那麼要把other去掉,只用any即可。
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. (上海在中國這個范圍內,所以用any other)
Shanghai is larger than any city in Jiangsu. (上海不在江蘇,所以只需用any)
◇句型十二:比較級+than + the other +名詞復數形式
□注意事項: 該句型相當於any other +名詞單數形式,常用來進行同義句改寫。該句型與句型十一雖然波表面上都是比較級,
但實際上相當於最高級。以下三句表達的是同一個意思。
Daniel is the most hard-working student in our class.
Daniel is more hard-working than any other student in our class.
Daniel is more hard-working than the other students in our class.
特別提醒:表示兩者(人或物)比較時,比較的對象應是同類事物,不同類的事物之間無法進行比較。
強調比較程度時,比較級可用的修飾詞有:much, far, still, even, no, any, a lot, a little, a bit,等.
A kangaroo is even taller than a man.
Please come here a little earlier.
The job is far more difficult than he thought.
Li Lei jumps much farther than Jim does.
感嘆句
⒈ ____ delicious the dish is! A. What B. How C. What a
⒉ ____ strange clothes he is wearing! A. What a B. What C. How a
⒊ ____ an interesting subject it is! A. What B. How C. What an
⒋ ____ foggy it was yesterday! A. What B. What a C. How
⒌ ____ careless a boy you are! A. How B. What a C. What
⒈ A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture. B: ___________________________
⒉ A: Mr Wang is a busy man. B: ___________________________
⒊ A: The cat is very happy. B: ___________________________
⒋ A: The tractor is going very slowly. B: ___________________________
⒌ A: He is very lucky. B: ___________________________
G. 仁愛版 初一英語復習提綱和重點語法 (上下冊)
一. 詞彙
⑴ 單詞
1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……內"。例如:
in our class 在我們班上
in my bag 在我的書包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在牆上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在樹下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……後面"。例如:
behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……處"。例如:
at school 在學校
at home 在家
at the door 在門口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫
a map of China 一張中國地圖
2. 冠詞 a / an / the:
冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple.
a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個。
This is a cat.
這是一隻貓。
It's an English book.
這是一本英語書。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人。
the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是誰呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀?
------ 我能看見一個書包。
------ 書包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。
②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。
⑵記住它們的特殊用法。
①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎?
②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。
some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法。
4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is ;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是個大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家。
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點。 house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 這是一張我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。
*但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞。
There is little time. 幾乎沒時間了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 片語
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子後
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中
near the door 在門附近
a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片
look at the picture 看這張圖片
the teacher's desk 講桌
a map of China 一張中國地圖
family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 這邊走
二. 日常用語
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看。
see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是個名詞。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 語法
1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的"。一般有以下幾種形式:
(1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友
(2). 如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教師節
The boys' game 男孩們的游戲
(3). 如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 兒童節
Women's Day 婦女節
(4). 表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。
a map of China 一幅中國地圖
the name of her cat 她的貓的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的門
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語,讀時用降調。為使語氣委婉、禮貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾時,please前多用逗號。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 請進。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't於句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看書。
Don't play on the road. 不要在馬路上玩。
3. There be 的句子結構
There be是一個"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式為:There be + 名詞(單數或復數)+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復數的確定,看be後邊第一個名詞,當所接主語為單數或不可數名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數名詞時,be動詞為are;當be動詞後接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數上的一致。意思為"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的後面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。
(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一隻狗嗎?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河裡有船嗎?
---No, there aren't. 沒有。
(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。
(4)如果名詞是不可數名詞,用:How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 地點狀語?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
H. 初一上冊仁愛版英語語法
1 be動詞am,is,are的基本用法。
2 含有be動詞的特殊疑問句。
3 指示代詞專及其復數的用法;不定屬冠詞的用法;可數名詞的復數形式。
4 have,has的肯定句,一般疑問句和簡略答語。
5 What color....?詢問顏色, have,has的否定句。
6 物主代詞的用法;whose 引導的特殊疑問句。
7 掌握人稱代詞的主格和賓格;學習could 表示徵求意見的用法;初步接觸行為動詞的一般現在時,了解其一般疑問句及其應答形式。
8 由 what\where 引導的特殊疑問句;再現名詞所有格,同時學習表示所屬的另一種方法。
I. 七年級(仁愛英語)所有的語法
初中介詞的用法
一.時間介詞的用法辨析
1. 時間介詞in、on、at、by的用法辨析
介詞in用來表示一天中某段時間,指天、年、月、季節、周次等。如:in the morning
介詞on用來表示某一天或星期幾,指明具體的時間。如:on a rainy day
介詞at用來表示特定的時間、節日、年齡等。如:at noon
介詞by表示…的時候、到、等到…已經等用在天、時間的前面。如:by 2 o『clock
1. 時間介詞in與after 的用法辨析
o 介詞in + 一段時間用於一般將來時。如:We』ll go to school in two weeks.
o 介詞after + 一段時間用於一般過去時。如:My mother came home after half an hour.
o 介詞after + 時間點常用於一般將來時。如:We』ll go out for a walk after supper.
1. 時間介詞for與since的用法辨析
介詞for 表示一段時間如:I have been living here for 10 years.
介詞since 表示從過去某一時間以來如:I have been living here since 2000.
1. 時間介詞ring與for的用法辨析
o 當所指o 的時間起止分明時用介詞ring如:He swims every day ring the summer.
o 如果一段時間不o 明確則用介詞for如:I haven』t seen her for years.
1. 時間介詞before與by的用法辨析
介詞before表示「在…之前」如:He won』t come back before five .
介詞by表示「到…時為止,不遲於…」如:The work must be finished by Friday.
1. 時間介詞till與until用法的異同1.
o till和until用在肯定句中,o 均可表示「直到…為止」,o 如:I will wait till(until)seven o'clock.
o till和until用在否定句中,o 均可表示「在…以前」或「直到…才」。
如:Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight.
o till多用於普通文體,而o until則用於多種文體,o 並且在句子開頭時,o 用until而o 不o 用till。
如:Until he comes back,o nothing can be done.
1. 不1. 用介詞表達時間的幾種情況
當表示時間的詞前有this, that時,其前面不用介詞,如:this morning
當表示時間的詞前有next時,其前面不用介詞,如:next Sunday
當表示時間的詞前有last時,其前面不用介詞,如:last Sunday
當表示時間的詞前有one, any, each, every, some或all時,其前面不用介詞,如:You can come any day.
二.方位介詞與地點介詞的用法辨析
1. 方位介詞on, over, above的用法辨析
o 介詞on表示一物放在另一物上面,o 兩者緊貼在一起,o 如:The book is on the table.
o 介詞over表示一種垂直懸空的上下關系,o 即「在…上方」,o 如:Is there any bridge over the river?
o 介詞above表示一般的「高於…」,o 「在…之上」,o 如:There was an electric clock above his bed.
1. 方位介詞under與below的用法辨析
介詞under是over的反義詞即「在…下方」,如:They were seen under the tree.
介詞below是above的反義詞即「低於…」,「在…之下」,如:They live below us.
1. 方位介詞across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
o 介詞across著重於「從一頭或一邊到另一頭或另一邊」,o 強調從表面穿過。
如:She went across the street to make some purchases.
o 介詞through著重於「穿越」,o 強調從一定的空間內穿過。
如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.
o 介詞over多表示從「上方越過」,o 如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
o 介詞past表示從「面前經過」,o 如:Someone has just gone past the window.
1. 方位介詞in、on、at的用法辨析
介詞in表示「排、行、組」,如:We are in Team One.
介詞on表示「左、右」,如:Li Ping is on my left.
介詞at表示「前、後」,如:I sit at the front of the classroom.
1. 方位介詞to、for的用法辨析
o 介詞to表示目的地或去的目的,o 如:Wil you take a train to Tianjian.
o 介詞for表示動身去某地,o 如:He got on a train for Shanghai.
1. 地點介詞at與in的用法辨析
介詞at表示較小的地方,如家、村、鄉村等,如:He lives at a small village.
介詞in表示較大的地方,如大城市、國家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing.
1. 地點介詞at與on的用法辨析
o 介詞at用於門牌號,o 如:He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road.
o 介詞on用於路名,o 如:He lives on Nanjing Road.
1. 地點介詞in、on、to的用法辨析
介詞in表示「包含」如:Beijing is in the north of China.
介詞on表示「緊鄰」如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
介詞to表示「沒接觸」如:France lies to the south of England.
三.其他易混介詞的用法辨析
1. 動作介詞to與toward的用法辨析
o 介詞to表示向某處移動,o 如:They were driving to work together.
o 介詞toward 表示移向某處,o 如:We're moving toward the light.
1. 原因介詞because、as、for的用法辨析
介詞because表示「因為;由於」指直接的、明確的原因,用來回答why的問句,語氣最強。
如:The boy was absent because he was ill.
介詞as表示「由於;鑒於」指一種顯而易見、談話雙方已知的理由。
如:She stayed at home as she had no car.
介詞for表示 「因為;由於」指一種間接原因,甚至只是一種附帶的說明。
如:It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.
1. 材料介詞of和from的用法
o 介詞of用於成品與材料的性質不o 變時,o 如:The desk is made of wood.
o 介詞from用於成品與材料的性質已變時,o 如:Wine is made from grapes.
1. 表示「用」的介詞in、with、by的用法辨析
介詞in表示「用材料、語言」如:Can you say it in English?
介詞with表示「用工具、某物」如:with a pen
介詞by表示「用、以、靠、通過…方法」如:He prefers traveling by car.
1. 介詞between與among的用法辨析
o 介詞between 表示「在兩者之間」如:Don』t sit between the two girls.
o 介詞among表示「在…當中(三者或以上)」如:They lived among the mountains in the past.
1. 介詞besides與except的用法辨析
介詞besides表示「除…之外(全部計算在內)」如:We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.
介詞except表示「除…之外(不計算在內)」如:We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.