『壹』 八年級下冊英語Unit2SectionA2d翻譯和語法框翻譯
嗨,克萊爾!你下周有空么?呃。。。傑克,我下周安排挺滿的。真的么?怎麼會?我內有舞蹈和鋼琴課。你在容月什麼舞呢?啊,搖擺舞,挺有意思的。我每周上一次課,都在周一。你多長時間上一次鋼琴課呢?一周兩次,在周三和周五。那麼,周二怎麼樣呢?啊,我得跟朋友打網球?你想來么?當然!
『貳』 八年級下冊英語Unit2語法
1. 簡單句、並列句和復合句
句子類型(Types of sentences)可以分為簡單句、並列句和復合句三種。
(1) 簡單句(The Simple Sentence):由一個主語(或並列主語)和一個謂語(或並列謂語)構成的句子。
e.g. ①I often get up at six in the morning. (一個主語、一個謂語)
② My mother and I often go shopping. (並列主語、一個謂語)
③Some students walk or ride bikes to school. (一個主語、並列謂語)
(2) 並列句(The Compound Sentence):由並列連詞(and, so, but, or等)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構成的句子。
e.g. ①She doesn』t like science, and she thinks it』s boring.
②Ed has a great sports collection, but he doesn』t play sports.
③School starts at eight, so I get up at six thirty.
④Hurry up, or you』ll be late.
(3) 復合句(The Complex Sentence):由一個主語和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子。包括賓語從句、狀語從句等。
e.g. ①Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(when引導的時間狀語從句)
② I think (that) Screen City has the most comfortable seats. ( that引導的賓語從句)
2. 關於語序
(1) 所謂語序就是指語言表達順序。英語語序可分陳述語序和疑問語序。
(2) 所謂陳述語序,又稱主謂語序,就是按「主語+謂語+其他」的先後順序表達的語序。
(3) 所謂疑問語序,就是一般疑問句、特殊疑問句的表達順序。通常在主語前有助動詞、情態動詞等。
e.g. What does Mary do on weekends? (疑問語序)
→I don』t know what Mary does on weekends. (陳述語序,去掉了原句的助動詞does,謂語動詞do還原成一般現在時三人稱單數does.)
(4)主從復合句常要用陳述語序。
I don』t know what did I do wrong? ( ×)
→I don』t know what I did wrong. (√ )
3. 關於後綴「ful」
(1)很多名詞後加後綴ful就成了形容詞。 e.g. care→ careful; beauty → beautiful; color → colorful; use → useful; help → helpful; 等。
(2)有後綴ful的形容詞的反義詞通常是以less為後綴的形容詞。
e.g. Careful → careless; useful → useless等。
4. 關於表示「關聯,聯系」的介詞「to」
(1)英語中表示「A 的B」含義,除了名詞所有格和 「B of A」 外,還可以用 「B to A」。
(2)在「B to A」結構中,B常是以下詞:answer, key, bridge, way, entrance, exit, ticket等。
(3)可用順口溜記住這些單詞:答案鑰匙橋和路,入出口連著介詞to。
e.g. ①the answer to the question 這個問題的答案 ;
②the way to the park 去公園的路 ;
③the entrance to the museum 博物館的入口
④the key to our classroom 我們教室門的鑰匙
⑤a ticket to a ball game 一張比賽球票
5. 關於疑問詞連用動詞不定式
(1)疑問詞when, where, what, how等可以和動詞不定式連用,構成特殊結構。
(2)此結構常與含情態動詞can/could, should, be able to, will/would等的賓語從句轉換。
e.g. ①I don』t know what I should do next. →I don』t know what to do next.
我不知道接下來該做什麼。
②Could you please tell me where you will do on vacation?
→Could you please tell me where to go on vacation?
能告訴我你講去哪兒度假嗎?
③He forgot when they would start. →He forgot when to start.
他忘了何時要出發。
④Please let us know how we can do it well. →Please let us know how to do it well.
請告訴我們怎樣才能把它做得更好。
『叄』 八年級下英語unit3的語法,句型,易錯題
1. in fron...of 在..前面
2.getting out of +地點 從...出來
3.cutting hair 剪頭發
4.當while前後的句子描述的情況相對或相反,內while可譯為「而」 while更強調並列的容對比而並非轉折。
5.was/were+doing (過去進行時)
6.以字母結尾ie的動詞,變ie為y,再加doing
7.took off 起飛
be suiprised 感到吃驚 (主語是人)
how + 形容詞或動詞
an unusual experieuce 一次不尋常的經歷
jump down 跳下來
was too scred 太恐怖了
took piace 發生 (沒有被動)
hears about 聽到
in moderm history 在現代歷史上
everday activities 日常活動
become a nationai hero 成為一個英雄
all over the world 世界各地
hears about + 名詞/代詞/短語
=heart of
in silence 沉默地
『肆』 英語必修3 unit2 裡面一句話的語法
麥當勞並沒有給年輕人提供一個好的健康飲食理念。
沒有提供一個a good idea ,所以用否定is not giving
『伍』 初一上學期英語Unit2語法歸納
1.future tennse
comparatives of adjectives,e.g.taller
conjunction:and
have to
2.modal:must
adjectives;eariy,late
prepositions:until,before,after
determiners:more,not many
3.determiners,e.g.none of
adverbs:nowadays,perhaps
future tense
comparatives of adjectives,e.g.fewer
4.we use...for___ing...
comparatives of adjectives,e.g.bigger
adverbs of time,e.g.then,finally
imperatives,e.g.cut
『陸』 人教新課標八年級上英語unit7語法知識
八年級上英語語法
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名詞的復數構成的幾種形式
名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
I 名詞復數的規則變化
1.一般在名詞詞尾加-s。如:
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x結尾的名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o結尾的某些名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以輔音字母加-y結尾的名詞,將-y變為-i,再加-es。如:
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe結尾的名詞,將-f或-fe變為-v,再加-es。如:
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是:
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名詞復數的不規則變化
1.將-oo改為--ee。如:
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.將-man改為-men。如:
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加詞尾。如:
child---children
4.單復數同形。如:
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示「某國人」的單、復數變化。即「中日瑞不變英法變,其它國把-s加後面」。如:
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如:
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 雙寫最後一個字母的-ing分詞
初中階段常見的有以下這些:
1.let→letting 讓
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘記
put→putting 放
set→setting 設置
babysit→babysitting 臨時受雇照顧嬰兒
2.shop→shopping 購物
trip→tripping 絆
stop→stopping 停止
drop→dropping 放棄
3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅遊
swim→swimming 游泳
run→running 跑步
dig→digging 挖、掘
begin→beginning 開始
prefer→preferring 寧願
plan→planning 計劃
15) 肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞
1.some變為any。如:
There are some birds in the tree.
→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是,若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中,some可以不變。如:
Would you like some orange juice?
與此相關的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進行相應變化。
2.and變為or。如:
I have a knife and a ruler.
→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.a lot of (=lots of)變為many或much。如:
They have a lot of friends.(可數名詞)
→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可數名詞)
→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
4.already變為yet。如:
I have been there already.
→I haven't been there yet.
16) in與after
in 與 after 都可以表示時間,但二者有所區別。
1.in 經常用於將來時的句子中,以現在為起點,表示將來一段時間。如:
He will leave for Beijing in a week.
一周後他會動身去北京。
2.after 經常用於過去時的句子中,以過去為起點,表示過去一段時間。如:
He left for Beijing after a week.
一周後他動身去了北京。
不過,如果after後跟的是具體的時刻,它也可用於將來時。如:
We will finish the work after ten o'clock.
十點後我們會完成工作的。
3.注意區分以下的in的用法。
I'll visit him in a week.
一周後我會去拜訪他。
I'll visit him twice in a week.
一周內我會去拜訪他兩次。
17) 不定冠詞a與an的使用
1.a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is a "b" in the word "book".
單詞book中有個字母b。
類似的字母還有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
She has a small knife.
她有一把小刀。
2.an 用於以母音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is an "i" in the word "onion".
單詞onion中有個字母i。
類似的字母還有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
Do you have an umbrella?
你有一把雨傘嗎?
3.以母音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an;以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a。如:
a useful book
a universe
a one-letter word
an hour
an uncle
an umbrella
an honest person
18) 如何表達英語中的「穿、戴」?
英語中表示「穿、戴」的表達方法有好幾種,常見的有以下這些:
1、put on 主要表達「穿」的動作。如:
He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。
You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。
2、wear 主要表示「穿、戴」的狀態。如:
The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴著一副眼鏡。
The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。
3、dress 可作及物動詞,有「給......穿衣」的意思,後接「人」,而不是「衣服」。如:
Please dress the children right now.請立即給孩子們穿上衣服。
dress 也可作不及物動詞,表示衣著的習慣。如:
The woman always dresses in green.那位婦女總是穿綠色的衣服。
4、be in 表示穿著的狀態。如:
John is in white today.約翰今天穿白色的衣服。
The man in black is a football coach.
19) a little, a few 與 a bit (of)
a little, a few 與 a bit (of) 都有「一些、少量」的意義。他們的區別在哪裡呢?
1. a little 意為「一些、少量」,後接不可數名詞。如:
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一點水。
還可以接形容詞。如:
He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。
2. a few 意為「一些、少數」,後接復數的可數名詞。如:
There are a few people in the room. 房間里有一些人。
3. a bit 意為「一點兒」,後接形容詞。如:
It's a bit cold. 有點冷。
a bit of 後接不可數名詞。如:
He has a bit of money. 他有一點兒錢。
4. a little 表肯定意義,little 表否定意義;a few 表肯定意義,few 表否定意義。如:
There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一點兒汽水。
There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里幾乎沒有汽水了。
I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中國朋友。
Few people like him. 幾乎沒有人喜歡他。
5. a little = a bit of, 後接不可數名詞;
a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 後接形容詞,意為「有點兒」。
20) 關於like的用法
like 可以作動詞,也可以作介詞。
1、like 作動詞,表示一般性的「愛好、喜歡」,有泛指的含義。如:
Do you like the color?你喜愛這種顏色嗎?
like 後可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接動詞的-ing分詞(like doing sth),有時意思不盡相同。如:
She likes eating apples.她喜愛吃蘋果。(習慣)
She likes to eat an apple.她喜愛吃一粒蘋果。(平常不喜歡吃)
like 與 would 連用,後接不定式,表示願望或客氣的請求。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?您願意喝杯茶嗎?
「喜歡某人做某事」可以用結構「like sb to do sth/doing sth」。如:
They all like me to sing/singing English songs.他們都喜歡我唱英文歌。
2、like 作介詞,可譯成「像......」。如:
She is friendly to us like a mother.她對我們友好,就像母親一樣。
It looks like an orange.它看起來像個桔子。
3、區分以下句子:
A. What does he look like?
B. What is he like?
A句譯為「他長相如何?」指一個人的外貌特徵;而B句譯為「他人怎麼樣?」指人的性格特點。
C. The boy like Peter is over there.
D. A boy like Peter can't do it.
A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。
21) stop to do sth 與 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意為「停下來去做某事」。如:
The students stop to listen to their teacher.
學生們停下來去聽他們老師講話。
2. stop doing sth 意為「停止做某事」。如:
The students stopped talking. 學生們停止了談話。
與它們相反的句式是:go on to do sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才一事不同)」和 go on doing sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才同一件事)」。如:
He finishes his homework and goes on to study English.
他完成了作業,接著繼續去念英語。
They went on playing games. 他們繼續玩游戲。
22) tell, speak, say 與 talk
1. tell 意為「告訴、講述」,指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。如:
He tells me that he wants to be a teacher.
他告訴我說他想成為一位教師。
Father always tells interesting stories to us.
爸爸總是給我們講有趣的故事。
tell sb sth 意為「告知某人某事」。如:
He told me something about his past.
他告訴我一些他的往事。
tell sb to do sth 意為「告訴某人去做某事」。如:
David told his son to do the homework.
大衛要他的兒子去做作業。
2. speak 意為「說話、講話」,後面主要接語言。如:
He can speak English and a little Chinese.
他能講英語和一點漢語。
speak to 意為「和.....講話、談話」。如:
Can I speak to Mr Zhang?
我能和張先生講話嗎?
speak of 意為「提到、說起」。如:
The book speaks of my hometown.
那本書提到我的家鄉。
3. talk 意為「談話、講話」,如果只有一方對另一方說話時,一般用 talk to;如果雙方或多方交談,多用 with。如:
Please talk to him right now. 請立即同他談話。
He is talking with his friend. 他在和朋友交談。
talk about 意為「談論......」。如:
They are talking about the movie. 他們在談論那部電影。
have a talk with 意為「與......交談」。如:
Can I have a talk with you? 我可以和你交談嗎?
4. say 意為「說」。如:
Can you say it in English once more? 你能用英語再說一遍嗎?
say to 意為「對......說」。如:
He said to his students that they would have a test.
他對他的學生說他們將有一個測試。
It is said that... 意為「據說」。如:
It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time.
據說他能呆在水裡很長時間。
23) Excuse me! 與 I'm sorry!
1. Excuse me! 意為「打攪了!對不起!」,一般是為了與陌生人搭話,或者要打斷對方所說(做)的事。如:
Excuse me, is there a hotel in the neighborhood?
請問,附近有旅館嗎?
Excuse me, could I say something?
打攪一下,我能說一些嗎?
2. I'm sorry! 意為「對不起!」,表示道歉。如:
I'm sorry, Mr Zhang. I won't do it again.
對不起,張先生。我不會這么做了。
24) 表示時間的 in、on 與 at
in, on 與 at 都可以和表示時間的詞(組)連用。
1. in 表示時間的一段或較長的時間。如:
in the morning 在上午
in May, 2004 在2004年五月
in a week 在一周之內(後)
It's Sunday, I can finish it in two days.
現在是星期天,我能在兩天後完成。(星期二)
Rome was not built in a day.
羅馬不是在一天內建起來的。
2. on 主要指在具體的一天。如:
on Sunday 在星期天
on May Day 在「五一」節
on a hot afternoon 在一個炎熱的下午
He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004.
他於2004年4月26日到達北京。
3. at 表示時間的一點或比較短的時間。如:
at 8:00 在八點
at noon 在中午
I always get up at 6:00 every morning.
我總是每天早晨六點起床。
It's always warm at this time of year.
每年的這個時候總是暖和的。
25) Other及其用法
Other 及其相近的詞(組),如 others, the other, the others, another, any other 等,一直是中學生朋友們比較困擾的問題,平常的考試、作業中經常出錯。下面是它們的一些用法:
1、other 指其餘的人或物,所有格是 other's,復數形式是 others,the other 指「兩個人或物中的另一個」,其復數形式是 the others,others 相當於「other + 名詞」,所以不能充當定語,修飾名詞。others指整體中去掉一部分後剩餘的部分,但不是全部的,即 some...others (一些...其餘的人...)。the others 強調整體中除去一部分後剩餘的全部,即some...the others.
2、another 泛指三個以上的不定數目中的「另外一個」。由 an 和 other 合並構成,所以不能和冠詞連用。another 修飾單數名詞,比如:another pencil.
3、any other 指除去本身以外的「任何其他的人或物」,後面要用名詞的單數形式。
26) look 短語
常見的look短語有以下這些:
1.look at 朝......看
Please look at the map of China.
請看中國地圖。(look at=have a look at)
2.look for 尋找
The old man is looking for his dog.
老人在尋找他的狗。
3.look like 看起來像
Nancy looks like her mother.
南希看起來像她母親。
4.look the same 看上去一樣
Li Ping and Li Jing look the same.
李萍和李晶看上去一樣。
5.look up 查找
Please look up the word in the dictionary.
請在詞典中查找這個單詞。
6.look over 仔細檢查
The doctor looked over Mary carefully.
醫生仔細檢查了瑪麗。
7.look after 照顧,照看
You must look after your old father.
你必須照顧你的老父親。
8.look around 到處尋找、查看
We looked around, but we found nothing strange.
我們四處查看,但是我們沒有發現奇怪的東西。
27) too,also與either
1.too用於肯定句和疑問句,一般放在句尾,其前常加逗號。如:
We are in the same school, too.
我們也在相同的學校。
Do you play soccer every day, too?
你也每天踢足球嗎?
2.also用於肯定句和疑問句,一般位於實義動詞前、be動詞後。如:
Sandra is also a Korean student.
Sandra 也是一個韓國學生。
3.either用於否定句,一般放在句末。如:
They don't know the answer, either.
她們也不知道答案。
4.as well as也有「也」的意思。如:
We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda.
He is a happy boy as well.
28) hard與hardly
1.hard既可作形容詞,也可作副詞。如:
It's a hard(adj.) question. (=difficult)
這是一個難的問題。
The boy studies very hard(adv.).
那男孩學習非常努力。
句子結構:It's hard for sb to do sth 做某事對某人來說是難的。如:
It's hard for him to finish the work. 完成那項工作對他來說很難。
注意區分:hard work 困難的工作
work hard 努力工作
2.hardly是頻度副詞,表示否定的意思。(=almost not)通常用在形容詞、副詞和動詞之前。如:
I can hardly see it.
我幾乎看不到它。
29) sometime,sometimes,some time與some times
1.sometime是時間副詞,指不確定的將來或過去某一點時間(某時候或任何時候),不指一段時間。如:
We'll go to Beijing sometime next month.
我們下個月某一時候會去北京。
2.sometimes是頻度副詞,指「有時」、「不時」的意思(=at times)。如:
Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning.
有時候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。
3.some time是名詞片語,指一段時間(一些時間或若干時間)。如:
It took him some time to finish the book.
她花了一些時間去完成作業。
4.some times指「幾次」。如:
He met the woman some times last month.
上個月他見過那婦女幾次。
30) exercise的一些用法
1.作不及物動詞,譯為「運動,鍛煉」。如:
David exercises every morning.
大衛每天早晨進行鍛煉。
2.作及物動詞,譯為「訓練」。如:
Swimming exercises the whole body.
游泳能使身體得到全面的鍛煉。
3.作名詞,譯為「體育鍛煉、運動、體操、練習題」等。如:
It's good to do eye exercises every day.
每天做眼保鍵操對眼睛有好處。
Please do more exercise from now on.
從今以後請多做運動吧。
I have lots of homework to do tonight.
今晚我有很多的作業要做。
4.注意:exercise指具體運動或體操時是可數名詞,復數形式為exercises;泛指運動時是不可數名詞。
『柒』 初三英語語法
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 記得採納O(∩_∩)O哈!
九年級英語復習---語法講解(1-7單元)
Unit1
By是個很常用的介詞(有時也用作副詞),在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種: 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如: Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如: Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如: The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激,於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如: One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如:What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用,說明接觸身體的某一部分。如: I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中,表示行為主體,常譯作「被」、「由」等。如: English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。(即「許多人講英語。」) 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」,常做插入語。如: By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下,李平在哪兒。你知道嗎? 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如: I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如: But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後,越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing,相當於名詞,在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1)★作主語(這種用法常考)
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2)作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎?3)作表語Babysister』s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服,作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法:(1)肯定句:used這個詞沒有人稱的變化,to後面接動詞原形。
否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒?
(2)含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語,而用didn』t + 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙,是嗎?Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
(3)used to 表示過去的習慣動作, 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
(4)used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用,描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員,但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short.馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態,人稱和數的變化,其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化: 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例,列表說明被動語態的句式變化:
二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下: 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的,be是什麼時態,全句就是什麼時態,be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。一般現在時的被動語態為:主+am / is / are (not)+過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態為:主+was / were +過去分詞
例如:我們學過的was / were born 生於,就是一個被動語態.born是個過去分詞(bear)-When were you born ? -I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語+is / am / are + being +過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語+have / has +been +過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞+be+過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語+will +be +過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語+would / should + be +過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語+was / were + being +過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語+had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法:(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰,不用by+動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
(2)強調動作的承受者,這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
(3)作客觀說明時,常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是:(1)把原句中的賓語變為主語(2)動詞改為被動形式,即be+過去分詞(3)原來的主語,如果需要的話,放在by後面,如果沒必要,可省略。請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou. They use this key for locking the classroom door.Many people speak English.He wrote a letter.They are building a road. Trains are made in Zhuzhou.This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them).English is spoken by many people.A letter was written by him.A road is being built (by them).
Unit4
虛擬語氣:如果我們所說的不是事實,也不是要求、命令、勸告等,而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意:條件句分兩種,真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬(非真實)條件句中,才用虛擬語氣,而在真實條件句中,要用陳述語氣。
請比較:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好,我們將會去公園。在這句話中,明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的,並非虛擬、幻想,因此是真實條件句。在本句中,適用「主將從現。」
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
(如果我是你的話,我立刻就走。)在這句話中,條件句,「如果我是你」,但事實上,我不可能成為你,這只是假設的情況,沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小,甚至可以說沒有時,就需要用虛擬語氣來表示,動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時,從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」,引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時,be動詞只能用were,而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦?」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 :get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
「if」引導的條件句。
Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can』t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑問句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √
√
√
√
can』t
can ★ √
√
1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary』s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali』s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda』s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can』t be John』s. (不可能)
It』s much too small for him.
練習:1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can』t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That』s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can』t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn』t B. shouldn』t C. can』t D. may not
Unit6
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時,有如下要點:
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用,又在從句中充當一個成分,因此, 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能,如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時,關系代詞可用who(做主語,賓語),that(做主語,賓語),whom(作賓語),whose(作定語)
3 當先行詞指物時,關系代詞可用that(做主語,賓語),which(做主語,賓語)
4 再定語從句中,作賓語的關系代詞長可省略,但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時,介詞後只用whom,指物時,介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中,指人時,只用who,指物時,只用which。
1.定語從句中that與who、which的區別
2.定語從句中關系詞的省略
典型例題
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
解析:指事物的先行詞前有序數詞修飾時,只能用關系代詞that。故本題的正確答案是D。
2. I don』t think history is as interesting as English.(改為同義詞)
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析:答案是:less; than。意思是「我認為歷史不如英語有趣」。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.(改為同義句)
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析:讀題後可知:上句含義是「戴帽子的那個婦女旭我的媽媽」,對應下句,可知空格處應填「戴」,故正確答案是in。
選擇填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike.
A.which B.what C.who D./
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice.
A.which B.what C./ D.who
3. I』m one of the students _______well in English in my class.
A.who does B.who do C.which does D.who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A.that B.where C.which D.the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us.
A.what B.which C.why D.that
Unit7
表達意願的幾個基本句子
a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案:a. I hope to b. I』d like to c. I』d love to d. I want to
She would like to go to New York. (對劃線部分提問)
答案:Where would she like to go?
注意:where在本句中為副詞,go後面不能再加to,而Which city would she like to go to? 中which為代詞。
九年級英語復習---語法講解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種:
1.動詞+副詞 如:give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞,如果其賓語是代詞,就必須放在動詞和副詞之間,如果是名詞,則既可插在動詞和副詞之間,也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如:listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞,後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如:take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如:
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
『捌』 牛津模塊二unit2語法是什麼
沒學過 不曉得內容啊
網路一下 應該有很多啊 文庫里也有呢
模塊二 Unit 2 知識點wish you were here
1. contain vt. 包含, 容納
This food contains many kinds of nutrients.這種食品含有多種營養物質。
He found a jar containing a lot of coins.
include vt. 包括, 包含
The nutrients include protein, minerals, vitamins and fiber.
這些營養物質包括蛋白質、礦物質、維生素和纖維。
I have to prepare food for seven people, including me.
= I have to prepare food for seven people, me included.
2. supply
1) supply n. 補給, 供給, 供應品 the supply of sth.
The water company cut off the supply of water for no good reasons.
2) vt. 補給, 供給, 提供, 補充, 代理
supply sth for sb=supply sb with sth
provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
3. astonish vt. 「使驚訝」 astonish sb
astonished adj. 驚訝的 be astonished at/by sth.
be astonished to do sth be astonished that…
astonishing adj. 驚人的; 令人驚訝的
astonishment n. 驚訝 in/with astonishment
4. suggest
(1)建議 suggest n./pron./doing sth/that… (should ) do…
(2)暗示,表明
5. in case , in case of 以防,萬一
in this / that case 如果這/那樣的話
in any case 不管怎樣、無論如何
in no case決不
Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
I don』t think I』ll need any money but I will bring some in case.
In case of rain, they can』t go.
In that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus.
6. up close
close adj. adv. 常與to連用
closely adv. 嚴密地,仔細地,密切地,親密地 watch sb. closely
She stood close to her teacher so that she could watch closely.
They kept a close watch on the thief.
= They watched the thief closely.
7.look forward to sth. / doing sth (to 是介詞)
The days she has been looking forward to ______ at last.
A. came B. coming C. have come D. is coming
8. (1) no matter +who(m) /where/which/what/how/when=wh-+ever均能引導
讓步狀語從句
No matter where you go, I』ll go with you
=Wherever you go, I』ll go with you.
I will not believe him no matter what he says.
=I will not believe him whatever he says.
(2) 引導主語從句和賓語從句只能用whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever
I will not believe whatever(=anything that )he says. (不用no matter what)
Give it to whomever(=anyone whom) you can trust. (不用no matter whom)
Whichever of you comes in first will receive a prize. (不用no matter which)
(3)however=no matter how引導讓步狀語從句時,常與形容詞與副詞連用
However hard the tried, he would never get to the top of the company.
= Now matter how hard he tried, he would never get to the top of the company.
9. on business 出差 on sale 出售
10.be tired of 對---感到厭煩
11.on camels by camel
12.turn upside down
13. by accident=by chance
14. a piece of equipment
15. come into one』s view
16. in one』s view in my view =in my opinion從我的觀點看
In my view, he should never have been offered the job in the first place.在我看來,原先壓根兒就不該給他這份工作。
17. on view 在展出This paintings will be on view at the British Museum until next month.
18. perfect 完美的;全然的;對、、、最適當的
His reading is perfect.他的朗讀好極了。He is a perfect stranger to me.他對我來說,完全是個陌生的人。
They worked in perfect harmony.他們合作無間。
He is a man perfect for this job.他是這個工作的最合適的人選。
19. live in harmony with…與、、、和諧相處
be in harmony with 與、、、協調一致
be out of harmony with 與、、、不協調一致
20. 為某人提供某物
provide sb with sth =provide sth for sbsupply sb with sth= supply sth to sb
offer sb sth= offer sth to sb21. common 共同的;公共的;常見的;常有的;普通的;熟悉的 a common cup公用杯子 the common people 老百姓 common knowledge常識 Snow is common in cold countries. They have nothing in common.22. feed(fed, fed) 吃,喂養 The horses fed quietly. 馬在靜靜地吃草。
Have you fed the animals?你喂過動物了嗎?
feed sth. to sb. = feed sb. on/ with sth. 把某物喂給某人吃
He often feeds fish to the cat.=He often feeds the cat on fish.
feed on 以、、、為主食Sheep feed on grass while human beings feed on rice.
23.wish sb+n./adj(表祝願)I wish you every success in the future.I wish you happy.wish for sth 希望得到某物He wished for a chance to go abroad.wish that…從句用虛擬語氣I wish I were a bird.I wish I had been there yesterday.
24. I expect so. 我認為是這樣的。
I expect not=I don』t expect so. 我認為不會。25. 當介詞短語放在句首,主語是名詞時,整個句子要全部倒裝. In front of the house stands a tall tree.
South of the city lies a chemical factory.On the wall hang two pictures.
26. get turned upside down
27. scare…away
28 . reach out for sth. 伸手去夠
29. claim for sth. 要求;索取;宣稱 claim to do/that-clause 聲稱;斷言
30. be surrounded by/with 被……所包圍
31. be home to 是……的家園
32. be covered with/by 被……所覆蓋
33. regular flights固定航班
34. snow-capped mountains被雪覆蓋的山頂
35. reach to the sky聳入雲霄
36. win over arguments贏得爭論
37. stay young保持年輕
38. have nothing to do with 和---無關
39. develop the habit of doing sth. 養成做某事的習慣