『壹』 七年級英語常見語法大全
一、七年級英語語法——詞法
1、名詞
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself
復數 we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself
復數 you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復數 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:
一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位於
『貳』 七年級上冊英語語法歸納
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves agree with sb 同意某人的看法 agree on sth 同意某事
arrive at/in sp 到達某地 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事 be interested in sth 對某事感興趣 be busy doing/with sth 忙於做某事 be strict in sth 對某事要求嚴格 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 decide to do sth 決定做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜歡做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事 find sb do/doing sth 發現某人做某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 give sb sth 給某人某物 give sth to sb 給某人某物 have fun doing sth 做…很有趣 help sb with sth 幫助某人某事 help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事 help sb sth=help sth to sb it』s time for sth 該做某事了 it』s time for sb to do sth 該某人做某事了
it』s time to do sth 該做某事了 like doing/to do sth 喜歡做某事
make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 mind (sb) doing sth 介意(某人)做某事
pass sb sth 把某物遞給某人 pass sth to sb 把某物遞給某人
practice doing sth 練習做某事 remember doing sth 記得做過某事
remember to do sth 記得要做某事 see sb do/doing sth 看見某人做某事
show sb sth 給某人看某物 show sth to sb 給某人看某物
spend…(in) doing sth 花費…做某事 spend…on sth 花費…在某物上
start doing sth 開始做某事 start to do sth 開始做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下來再做某事
talk about sth 談論某事 talk to/with sb 與某人交談
tell sb about sth 告訴某人關於某事 tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人不要做某事 want sth 想要某物
want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
watch sb do/doing sth 看見某人做某事 wish to do sth 希望做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事
『叄』 初一上冊英語所有語法和短語有哪些
新目標英語 初一年級上期片語總復習
詞
組
漢 語
詞
組
漢 語
what』s your name?
你叫什麼名字?
alarm clock
鬧鍾
Nice to meet you
見到你很高興
video cassette
錄象帶
first name
名字
between…and…
在…和…之間
last name
姓氏
tennis racket
網球拍
telephone number
電話號碼
soccer ball
英式足球
phone number
電話號碼
Let』s= Let us
讓我們
ID card
身份證
That sounds good
那聽起來不錯
family name
姓氏
watch TV
看電視
Thanks a lot
sports collection
運動收藏品
You are welcome.
不用謝
play sports
做運動
in English
用英語
every day
每天
computer game
電子游戲
French fries
薯條
lost and found
失物招領
ice cream
冰淇淋
a set of
一套,一副
have breakfast
(lunch,dinner)
吃早(午、晚)飯
thanks for
play soccer
(basketball,tennis…)
踢足球
(打籃球、網球)
family photo
全家照
play chess
下國際象棋
pen friend
筆友
lots of
許多,大量
I don』t know.
我不知道
go to a movie
去看電影
healthy food
健康食品
(an) action movie
(一部)動作片
how much
(價格)多少
kind of
…種類
what color
什麼顏色
Beijing Opera
京劇
want to do
想做某事
learn about
學習…
Can I help you?
有什麼可以效勞的?
join=be in
參加,加入
What can I do for you?
同上
play the guitar (piano,drum…)
彈吉他(鋼琴),(打鼓……)
from…to…
從…到…
speak (in) Chinese
用中文說
have a look (at)
看一看,看一眼
on Sunday(Monday,Tuesday,Friday…)
在周日(一、二、五……)
the date of birth
生日
a little
少量,稍許
how old
多大年紀,幾歲
what time
幾點,什麼時候
speech contest
演講比賽
go to school
去上學
school trip
(學校組織的)郊遊
get up
起床
basketball game
籃球賽
take a shower
淋浴、洗澡
volleyball game
排球賽
after school (work)
放學後(下班後)
school day
學校上課日
go to work
去上班
Art Festival
藝術節
get to
到達
year(s) old
…歲(年齡)
go to bed
上床睡覺
do homework
做家庭作業
go home
回家
『肆』 七年級上冊英語語法大全
自己去買一本語法書,但語法書都很枯燥,乏味,我敢肯定一看不下去。建議讓老師幫你補補。
『伍』 誰知道七年級上冊英語的語法和句型
新目標英語七年級上冊語法知識與句型總結 Review of Units 1~7 一. 考點歸納 1. Hello, Gina. Good morning. 嗨,吉娜。早上好。英文中常用的問候語及其回答:-Hello. -Hello. ―Hi. ―Hi. ―Good morning. ―Good morning. ―Good afternoon. ―Good afternoon. ―Good evening. ―Good evening. ―Good night. ―Good night.晚安。(晚上分別時) ―How do you do? 你好。(初次見面時互相問好) ―How do you do? 你好。 ―How are you? 你好嗎?(已相識者問對方好?)―Fine, thank you.好,謝謝。 2. Sorry, I』m late. 對不起,我遲到了。 sorry 「對不起」 用於引出某一過錯。 Excuse me. 「對不起」 用於引起對方的注意。例如: 1)I』m sorry I can』t speak English.對不起,我不會說英語。 2)Excuse me, is this your backpack?打擾一下,這是你的背包嗎? 3. Nice to meet you! 很高興認識你!--Nice to meet you,too! 4. What』s this in English? 這個用英語怎麼說? 1) 同義句:What』s the English for this? 2) 用什麼語言,介詞用in: 「in + 某種語言」. 例如: in English 用英語 in Chinese 用漢語 in Japanese 用日語 5. Let』s learn English. 讓我們學英語。(一) let』s = let us 讓我們Let』s learn English.讓我們學習英語吧。= Why not learn English?為什麼不學習英語呢?= What/How about learning English? 學習英語怎麼樣?(二) let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 例如:Let me play the guitar. 注意:1)let sb. do sth. 中的sb.若是代詞要用賓格形式。 Let she sing an English song. (×) Let her sing an English song. (√) 2)let sb. do sth.. 中的sb.即使是第三人稱單數後面的動詞仍用原形,例如: Let him plays soccer. (×) Let him play soccer. (√) 3)learn from 向……學習, 例如:Let us learn from Lei Feng.讓我們向雷鋒學習。 4 ) learn to do sth..學會干某事 例如: He learns to speak a little French.他學會說一點法語。 6. What color is this sweater? 這個毛衣是什麼顏色? 1) 對顏色提問的兩種方法:What color …? = What』s the color of …? 例如: What color is your sweater? = What』s the color of your sweater?你的毛衣是什麼顏色? What color are these pants? 這些褲子是什麼顏色? 2) color是可數名詞,例如:I don』t like these colors.我不喜歡這些顏色。 7. What』s your name? 你叫什麼名字? 1) 對姓名的幾種提問及回答: What』s your name? = May I have/know your name?My name is … = I』m … 2) 姓氏:family name / last name 名字: first name 全名:full name 8. Is this your dictionary? 這是你的字典嗎?答:Yes, it is. / No, it isn』t. 例如: Is that your brother』s backpack? --Yes, it is. / No, it isn』t. 9. Call John at 495-3539. 給約翰打電話495-3539。 Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753.=Please call Gina at 2684753. 10. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感謝你的全家福照片。 1) Thanks. = Thank you. (√) 感謝你。 2) Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 為……而感謝你。例如: Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me. 感謝你的幫助。 3) the photo of your family=your family photo你的全家福照片 11. Here is my family photo. 這是我的全家福照片。 1)倒裝句式:副詞+謂語+主語(名詞)Here is your letter.這是你的信。介詞短語+謂語+主語(名詞) On the dresser is my photo. 介詞+主語(代詞)+謂語 Here you are. 給你。 2) Here is/ are... .常用於把某物遞給說話的對象 This is ... .也表示「這是……。」但通常用於介紹; 12. Please take these things to your brother. 請把這些東西帶給你弟弟。 take, bring, carry 和get的區別: 1)take 「帶走」,從近處帶到遠處,例如: Please take these books to your home after school.放學後把這些書帶回你的家。 bring 「帶來」,從遠處帶來,例如:Please bring me some books.請給我帶些書來。 2) get 「去拿來」,相當於go and bring,例如: Can I get my pen?我可以去把我的鋼筆拿來嗎? 3) carry 」搬動」, 無方向,Can you help me carry this case?能幫我搬這個箱子嗎? 13. I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils. 我需要我的帽子,身份證,筆記本和鉛筆。 need v. 需要 1) need + sth./sb. 「需要…」 例如:She really needs these books. 她真的需要這些書。 2) need to do sth. 「需要做……」 例如:I need to listen to some relaxing music.我需要聽一些令人放鬆的音樂。 14. There are some books in the bookcase. 書櫃里有些書。 There be 句型 1)構成及意義There be + n. + 某處. 在某處有什麼。例如:There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妝台上有一個鬧鍾。 There are some keys in the drawer.抽屜里有一些鑰匙。 2) 否定式 例如:There isn』t a baseball on the floor.地上沒有一個棒球。 There aren』t any books in the bookcase. 書櫃里沒有一些書。 3) 疑問句及回答例如:Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妝台上有一個鬧鍾嗎?Yes ,there is.是的,有。No, there isn』t.不,沒有。 4)There be句型的就近原則:若有兩個或兩個以上的主語是,謂語常與靠近它的那個主語一致。例如:There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table. There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table. 5)變疑問句或否定句時,應將原句中的some改為any。
『陸』 七年級英語語法歸納
agree with sb 同意某人的看法
agree on sth 同意某事
arrive at/in sp 到達某地
ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事
be busy doing/with sth 忙於做某事
be strict in sth 對某事要求嚴格
be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格
decide to do sth 決定做某事
dislike doing sth 不喜歡做某事
enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事
find sb do/doing sth 發現某人做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事
give sb sth 給某人某物
give sth to sb 給某人某物
have fun doing sth 做…很有趣
help sb with sth 幫助某人某事
help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
it』s time for sth 該做某事了
it』s time for sb to do sth 該某人做某事了
it』s time to do sth 該做某事了
like doing/to do sth 喜歡做某事
make sb do sth 讓某人做某事
mind (sb) doing sth 介意(某人)做某事
pass sb sth 把某物遞給某人
pass sth to sb 把某物遞給某人
practice doing sth 練習做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
remember to do sth 記得要做某事
see sb do/doing sth 看見某人做某事
show sb sth 給某人看某物
show sth to sb 給某人看某物
spend…(in) doing sth 花費…做某事
spend…on sth 花費…在某物上
start doing sth 開始做某事
start to do sth 開始做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
stop to do sth 停下來再做某事
talk about sth 談論某事
talk to/with sb 與某人交談
tell sb about sth 告訴某人關於某事
tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人不要做某事
want sth 想要某物
want to do sth 想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
watch sb do/doing sth 看見某人做某事
wish to do sth 希望做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事
『柒』 七年級英語詞性及語法方面的問題
1.I am a student.[我是一個學生。(肯定句)
改為否定句;I am not a student .
否定句式;主語+Be 動詞【am is are】+not+其他
句中無be動詞時為 主語+do not/does not+動詞原形+其他
有情態動詞時;主語+情態動詞+not+其他
改為一般疑問;are you a student?
一. Be動詞【is are】提前,Be動詞為am時改為are
二. 句首+do / not,動詞變原形
三. 情態動詞提前
特殊疑問句【對劃線部分進行提問】What are you
1, 將句子改為一般疑問句
2, 看對劃線部分是什麼,選擇恰當的特殊疑問詞
3, 去掉對劃線部分詞,句首+一般疑問句【特殊情況除外】
2,many修飾可數名詞復數
Much修飾不可數名詞
Some即可修飾可數名詞,又可修飾不可數名詞
一般情況下,some用於肯定句中,any用於疑問句、否定句中。特殊;some在表示請求,問句中有詢問請求意願,希望得到對方的肯定回答時用some而不用any,some還用於條件句中 。
a lot of=lots of 既即可修飾可數名詞,又可修飾不可數名詞
A few 修飾可數名詞表示一些具有肯定意義
Few修飾可數名詞表示幾乎沒有,具有否定意義
A Little修飾不可數名詞表示一些具有肯定意義
Little修飾不可數名詞表示幾乎沒有,具有否定意義
A number of+復數=many許多
A large、great number of許多的
A small number of 少量的
The number of+復數 表示、、、、的數目,謂語用三單
3.Another;指不定數目中的另一個,又一個。用來代替或修飾單數可數名詞
Other意為另外的其他的修飾復數名詞【adj】+名詞
The other通常指兩個中的另一個【有范圍】one、、、the other 一個、、、另一個
Others泛指另外的人用作代詞後面不能跟名詞some、、、、、、others一些、、、另一些
4.1.STh cost sb some time /sth cost some time
2.It takes sb some time/some money to do sth
3sb spend money/time on sth
spend money/time [in] doing sth
4.pay some money for sth
現在進行時
現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發生的動作,也可以表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作
2 結構 be+現在分詞【動詞ing形式】
3 動詞變化規則【1】一般情況下直接加ing
【2】以不發音的e既結尾的,去e+ing
【3】如果末尾是一個母音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫最後的輔音字母+ing
一般過去式
1. 過去某個時間發生的事或狀態
2. 動詞過去式【1】直接+ed-大部分
【2】以e結尾的直接+d;如live,hope,move
【3】末尾是一個母音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫尾字母加ed【w.y.r結尾的除外】
【4】y變i+ed 如try-tried
There be 句型
結構there be+主語+位置狀語 表示某地有某物
2be動詞的確定
【1】 there is +單數名詞/不可數名詞
【2】 there are +復數名詞
【3】 就近原則;當主語由兩個或兩個以上的名詞擔當,be動詞由第一個名詞確定
3 大挪移-there be句型變化
否定句;there+be動詞+not+其他
疑問句,be動詞+there+主語+其他
There be句型變化主要體現在be動詞上
4There be句型與have的區別
兩者都有『有』的意思,have強調擁有,there be強調存在
名詞所有格的兩種形式
1. 直接+′s或者s′或′。單數+′s,有生命的人或物,復數直接+′
兩個人共有的在後面一個+′s,非兩人共有,要分別 +′s
2. Of+名詞 無生命的人或物的所有格形式
『捌』 初中七年級英語語法總結歸納
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----
『玖』 七年級上冊英語的語法知識
初一上冊英語語法
1.there be 句型 「有」指 「某地有某物」形式 :there is, there are
例:There is some food in the fridge。冰箱里有一些食物。
There are many books on the desk. 桌上有許多書。
區分:there is 用於修飾單數名詞和不可數名詞 ,例如:a book , an egg, milk, ice-cream .......
there are 用來修飾可數名詞復數
如果要表達某處沒有某物 則要用there be 句型的否定形式,即在there be 後加not ,即 there be not
形式:there is not (there isn't) there are not (there aren't)
例: There isn't any milk in a glass。
There aren't any vegetables in the fridge.
若表示是否有,則要用 there be 句型的疑問句 即把be 提前 Be there 形式 Is there , Are there
例:Is there any milk in the glass?
Are there any vegetables in the fridge?
注意:這里涉及some any 的用法 some 用於肯定句中,any 用於否定句和疑問句中。但是在表示請求的
疑問句中,是想要得到肯定答復的,要用some。例:Would you like some milk?
對於there be 疑問句的回答:肯定:Yes,there is\are. No,there isn't\aren't.
2.have\has got 有 指某人有某物
例:I have a dog.我有一隻狗。
He has a sister and a brother.他有一個姐姐和一個弟弟。
區分 :have\ has: have用來修飾第一人稱和第二人稱和第三人稱復數(I ,we ,they) has用來修飾第三
人稱單數(she, he , it )
若表示某人沒有某物,則要用否定形式,即在have\has got 後加not 即have not (haven't)got ,has not
(hasn't)got.
例:I haven't got a sister but i have a brother.
She hasn't got bright eyes and long hairs.
某人是否有某物則要用have\has got的疑問形式,Have\Has +sb.\sth. + got
Have they got a picnic at weekends?
Has the dog got a host family?
回答:肯定:Yes, i \we \they have. Yes , she\ he \ it has.
否定:No , i \ we \ they haven't. No, she \he \it hasn't.
注意:there be 和 have got 的區別 兩者雖都指"有",但側重點不同。
例:《1》There are some food in the fridge.
<2>The fridge has got some food.
雖然都是「冰箱里有食物」但(1)句側重於食物,(2)句側重於冰箱。
3.be(am is are)
用法:我用am 你用are is連著她他它,單數用is,復數用are
例:I am a stident. She is a beutiful girl. He is a child. It is a dog.
You are my teacher. They are my friends, The boys all are England.
be 的否定形式 直接加not 即 am not, are not , is not.
例:I am not an English. I am Chinese.
She isn't kind. They aren't my friends.
疑問形式把be提前 即 be+ 主語......?
例:Is he your father?
Are they going to have a party?
回答:肯定:Yes, I am. Yes,she \ he \it is. Yes , you \ we \ they are.
否定: No, I am not. No, she \ he \ it isn't. No , you \ we \ they aren't.
be的句式, 所用情況:
1》be + 形容詞(adj.). 例:I am very happy.
2> be+ 名詞(n.) 例:He is a boy.
3> be + 介詞短語 例:She is in the school.
4> be+形容詞短語例: He is only 11 years old.
5> be+ 副詞 例:Class is over.
4. 情態動詞 can
can 可以 能夠,表示某人能做某事 用法:can+v.原 不能做某事,則用can 的否定形式:
cannot (can't)+v.原
can沒有人稱和數的變化,因此誰能(不能)做某事都能用can
若表示某人是否能做某事 則要用can 的疑問形式,即can+sb.……?
例:I can speak Chinese. I can't speak English. Can you speak English?
He can swim but he can't play football.
Can she play the piano?
疑問句回答 :肯定:Yes, I \she \ you \ he \it \they \ we can.
否定:No, I \ she \ he \it \ you \ we \ they can't.
注意:can 表示「能力」時,指現在的能力,並不指過去或將來的能力。
5 . 情態動詞would 想 主要用於 would you like to ...句型中,表示邀請。
例:Would you like to go to school with me ?
回答一般有兩種形式:1 表示願意:I' like \ love to. 2 拒絕:Sorry, 原因。
注意:would like to 本身並不表示邀請, 而是想要。例:I would like to some books.
另外,表示邀請還能說:Let's...... Shall we...... What \ How about.......
還要注意邀請時詢問信息的表達方式:1)詢問時間:When is... 2) 詢問地點: Where is....
6 行為動詞的一般現在時
用法:
1.如果表示某人經常性或習慣性做某事,則要用行為動詞的一般現在時
He goes to school every day.
They eat dinner in the evening.
2.若表示某人現在的動態,也可用一般現在時。
I know him very well. 我和他很熟。
He likes English very much. 他非常喜歡英語。
若表示否定意義,若主語是第一人稱或第二人稱或第三人稱復數,只要在謂語動詞後加not,即do not
(don't) ,若主語是第三人稱單數,則要在謂語動詞後加does not (doesn't)
例:I don't go to school every day.
She doesn't goes to the shop every day.
You don' t sing vell well.
若表示是否經常做某事 則要用疑問意義,將do \ does 提前即可
例:Do you write a composition every day? 你每天寫一篇作文嗎?
Does it smell good? 它聞起來很香嗎?
注意:行為動詞的一般現在時中涉及了頻度副詞,用法:用於行為動詞之前,be動詞之後
常見的頻度副詞有:often ,always , usually , never ,seldom ,sometimes等
7.變法總結
名詞變復數(1)一般在詞尾加-s 例詞:bags, vegetables , books
(2)以s , x , ch , sh 結尾的加-es 例詞: watches , boxes , buses , brushes
(3)以o 結尾的加-es 例詞:兩人兩菜:heroes 英雄 negroes 黑人 tomatoes 西紅柿
potatoes 土豆
(4)以o 結尾的加-s 例詞:zoos , zeros
(5) 以 輔音字母+y 結把y 變 i 加-es 例詞:baby——babies ,city——cities
(6)以 f 或 fe 結尾 ,把f 或 fe變成 -ves 例詞:beaf——beaves , life——lives
第三人稱單數變化形式和名詞變復數變化形式相同