㈠ 這幾到初中英語代詞語法練習題,我想知道這幾道題的答案和語法總結和詳細!解題過程。會的請講,不會的就
27.C ( 後面是定語從句,the 特指,ones 指代前面的students )
32,A ( 互相問候)
33. A ( everyone 為不定代詞,指單數版)
38. C ( the same 相同的權)
㈡ 初中英語知識點,語法總結
play+the+樂器 彈奏某種樂器,注意需要加不定冠詞the; play+球類(棋牌類) 注意中間不加任何冠詞
speak+語言 說某種語言,注意動詞用的是speak
say+sth+in+語言 用某種語言說什麼東西(事情),注意用某種語言用介詞in,say後面加所說的內容
join+the+俱樂部種類+俱樂部 注意這里的俱樂部種類是名詞單數,除「運動」用sports的形式外,講故事俱樂部用story-telling club
對俱樂部的名字進行提問用what club 如I want to join the art club.對劃線部分進行提問是:What club do you want to join?
join+sb+in+doing+sth 加入某人一起做某事
be(am,is,are)+good+with+sb 和某人相處得好
be(am,is,are)+good+for+sth(sb) 對......有益處
be(am,is,are)+good+at+(doing)sth 擅長(做)某事 同義短語:do+well+in+(doing)+sth
call+sb+at+電話號碼 給某人打電話撥打......
What』s your address? 你的地址在哪裡? 注意:問「你的地址在哪裡?」疑問詞是what而不是where.
play the guitar well 彈吉他彈得好 注意:well是副詞,修飾動詞play。即副詞用來修飾動詞。
show+sth+to+sb = show +sb +sth 把某物給某人看 如:Show your photo to me.= Show me your photo
Help+sb+ with+sth=help+sb+do+sth 幫助某人做某事 如:help kids with swimming=help kids swim幫助孩子們游泳
write+to+sb 給某人寫信
a+little+不可數名詞 a+few+可數名詞復數 一點兒:如:a little water一點水 a few vegetables 一點蔬菜
much+不可數名詞 many+可數名詞復數 許多:如:much water許多水 many vegetables 許多蔬菜
too+much+不可數名詞 too+many+可數名詞復數 太多的:如:too much water許多水 too many vegetables 許多蔬菜
practice+(in)+doing+sth 練習做某事 注意:in可以省略
do+one』s+homework做作業 注意:one』s是表示物主代詞或者名詞所有格形式 如:my(物主代詞)或WangFang』s(名詞所有格)
by+交通工具 注意交通工具之前不加任何冠詞 且交通工具用單數形式 如:by plane
乘機動車類交通工具可用take+冠詞+交通工具 如:take a bus但要注意乘地鐵冠詞只能用the,不用a,寫成take the subway
比較特殊的乘坐交通工具的寫法1,ride a bike騎自行車2,on foot 步行=walk
leave+sw離開某地;leave+sw1+for+sw2離開某地1去某地2如:leave home for school從家離開去學校for後面表示要去的地方
sb+spend+時間+doing+sth=it+takes+sb+時間+to+do+sth某人花費時間做某事
sb+spend+金錢+on+sth=sth+cost+sb+金錢 某人花多少錢買......東西,如:I spend 5 yuan on the pen=The pen cost me 5 yuan
see+sb+do+sth 看見某人做某事;see+sb+doing+sth 看見某人正在做某事
remember+to+do+sth記得做某事(還沒做);remember+doing+sth記得做過某事(已經做)
forget+to+do+sth忘記做某事(還沒做);forget+doing+sth忘記做過某事(已經做)
I』m+形容詞+to+do+sth我很...做某事:如I』m sorry to hear that(很遺憾聽到這事)I』m happy to play with you(很開心和你一起玩)
Thanks+for+doing+sth感謝做某事 thanks也可寫成thank you
like+to+do+sth喜歡做某事(強調這件事剛開始喜歡);like+doing+sth喜歡做某事(強調已經喜歡很久甚至已經變成一種習慣)
stop+to+do+sth停止做某事(強調停下來開始做另一件事);stop+doing+sth(強調停止做一直在做的事情)
tell+sb+(not)+to+do+sth告訴某人(不要)做某事
對路程、距離提問用how far,如:10 kilometres
對「for+一段時間」 或「一段時間」提問用how long,如:for 2 days
對頻率提問用how often,如:twice a week. three times a day
對「in+時間段」提問用how soon,如:in two days
對可數名詞多少提問用how many,如:5 apples
對不可數名詞多少或價錢提問用how much,如:some water或5 yuan
It+is+形容詞+(for+sb) +to+do+sth.(對某人來說)干某事…It is interesting for me to play computer games.對我來說玩電腦游戲很趣
42.between+sth+and+sth在...和...之間 如:There is a very big river between their school and the village.在他們學校和鄉村之間有條大河
43.break the rules(違反規章制度);follow(keep)the rules(遵守規章制度);make the rules(制定規則)
44.on time(按時);in time(及時)
45.arrive+at+小地點;arrive+at+大地點;reach+地點;get+to+地點 注意如果後面地點是副詞home要省略之前的一切介詞46.be(am,is,are)+strict+with+sb 對某人要求嚴格
47.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+sth 對某事要求嚴格
48.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+doing+sth 對做某事要求嚴格
49.fight for(為...而戰);fight against(與...單方斗);fight with(雙方互斗)
50.bring+sth+to+sb=bring+sb+sth把某物給某人帶來
51.take+sth+to+sb=take+sb+sth把某物給某人帶去
52.have+to+do+sth不得不做某事 否定形式:don』t(doesn』t)+to+do+sth不用不得不做某事
一般現在時:主語是第三人稱單數時用has to,其它時候用have to(過去時:無論人稱和單復數都用had to.)
一般現在時否定形式:主語(單三)+doesn』t+have to+動詞原形+其他;主語(非單三)+don』t+have to+動詞原形+其他
疑問句:Do 、Does或Did+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他
53.ask+sb+(not)+to+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
54.make+sb+(not)+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
55.want+(sb)+to+do+sth=would+like+(sb)+to+do+sth想要(讓某人)做某事
56.let+sb+(not)+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
57.be+made+of+sth能看得出製作材料The kite is made of paper;be+made+from+sth看不出製作材料The paper is made from wood
58.a kind of+名詞,a kind of animal一種動物;kinds of+名詞,kinds of animals多種動物;kind of+形容詞,kind of hungry有點兒餓
59.形容詞放在連系動詞(be/look/feel/sound/smell等)之後做表語,構成系表結構。如:They』re cute.;He looks very happy
60.how is it going(最近怎麼樣)not bad(還不錯)pretty good(非常好)
61.問天氣怎麼樣的兩種表達1,what』s the weather like2,how is the weather
62.one...the other...一個怎麼樣,另一個怎麼樣,謂語動詞都是單數
63.some...others...一些怎麼樣,另一些怎麼樣,可數名詞是謂語動詞復數,不可數名詞時謂語動詞單數
64.have+a+good+time=enjoy+oneself注意前面的time是時光的意思,是可數名詞,需要定冠詞a。
65.in+this+heat在這種熱度之下
66.hope+to+do+sth希望做某事,注意沒有hope+sb+to+do+sth這個句型。還有一個句型是hope+句子。只有這兩個句型
67.in front of在...前面,There is a car in front of the house;in the front of在...(內部)前面,There is a table in the front of the classroom.
68.next to挨著、鄰近,與near可替換。從空間講near只表示「在…附近」;而next to有「緊挨著」之意;next to比near靠的更近。
69. across from意為「在…對面」如The bank is across from our school; across作介詞,意為「橫過」。如Can you swim across the river?
70. there be (is,are) +名詞+地點狀語,否定There isn』t / aren』t,疑問句Is/ Are +主語,肯答Yes, there is/are.否答No, there isn』t/aren』t.
71.far from和far away from,當說離...有多遠的時候,一定要加from;當前面有具體的數字距離時,一定要加away;far是虛指。
72.on+one』s+left(right)在某人的左邊;在某人的右邊。
73.turn+left(right)向左轉;向右轉
74.物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞
人稱 意義 數量 人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性
第一人稱 我 單數 I me my mine
我們 復數 we us our ours
第二人稱 你 單數 you you your yours
你們 復數 you you your yours
第三人稱 他 單數 he him his his
她 she her her hers
它 It It its its
他/她/它們 復數 they them their theirs
look like表示「看起來像…」如What does he look like他看上去什麼樣;be like是指 「品德,相貌」等What is he like他是個怎樣的人
wake+sb+up把某人叫醒,如He wakes me up at 6:00 every day
every day「每天」,作狀語,如I go to school every day.我每天上學;everyday「每天的, 日常的」形容詞,做定語使用。
shout+at+sb多指因為生氣等而非善意地對某人吼叫;shout+to+sb多指因距離遠而不得不大聲叫喊(否則對方無法聽見)
感嘆句what:1.What+a(an)+(形容詞)+單數可數名詞+主語+謂語 2.What+(形容詞)+可數名詞復數或不可數名詞+主語+謂語
How:1.How+形容詞(副詞)+主語+謂語
英語時間表達:(1)整點時間可表示為「鍾點數+o』clock」或直接讀鍾點數省去o』clock如It』s ten o』clock a. m. 現在是上午十點整。
(2)非整點時間可直接採取讀數法 如:It』s eight-thirty. 是八點三十分。
(3)非整點時間的分鍾數不超過30分鍾,也可用介詞「past」。 如6:10→ten past six,注意past後說整點時間
(4)非整點時間的分鍾數超過30分鍾,用介詞to,如11:50→ten to twelve,注意to後接「整點時間+1」
對時間提問用: 1.What is the time? 幾點了?2.What time is it by your watch? 你的手錶幾點了?注意問你的手錶幾點了用介詞by
what time「幾點」問的是具體的時間,一般回答要具體到小時;用when提問,回答既可以是具體時間,也可以是不具體時間
一般現在時(1)肯定陳述句:當主語是第一、二和第三人稱復數時,謂語動詞用原形;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
(2)否定句:當主語是第一、二及第三人稱復數時,否定句藉助助動詞do+not;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,否定句借用does+not,並將動詞第三人稱單數還原。
(3)疑問句:當主語是第一、第二及第三人稱復數時,疑問句在句首加Do;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,疑問句在句首加Does,並把謂語第三人稱單數還原。
(4)特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+當主語是第一、第二及第三人稱復數時,疑問句在句首加Do;
特殊疑問詞+當主語是第三人稱單數時,疑問句在句首加Does,並把謂語第三人稱單數還原。
must=have to不得不、必須。以must開頭的一般疑問句,它的否定回答用needn』t(不必要),不用mustn』t(不允許、禁止)
can=be(am,is,are)+able+to+do能夠做某事
祈使句因對象(即主語)是第二人稱,所以通常都省略。祈使句的動詞都為一般現在時,句末則使用句號或感嘆號來表示結束。
(1)祈使句的肯定句:行為動詞原形+其他
(2) 以Let開頭的祈使句,Let後賓語是是第一人稱時,否定形式是在賓語後加not,如Let』s not do that again.我們別再那樣做了。
(3)如果Let 後面賓語是第三人稱,否定形式是在Let前加助動詞Don』t,如Don』t let them come in.別讓他們進來。
(4)祈使句的否定通常使用「Don't …」,Don't+動詞原形(行為動詞/be動詞)+其他
反義疑問句:(1)有系動詞be 的把系動詞be變成否定並提前+主語代詞。
(2)there be句型把be變否定提前+there
(3)一般疑問句主語第三人稱單數用doesn』t+單三代詞;主語非單三用don』t+非單三代詞
(4)let』s開頭的祈使句反義疑問句是shall we;let us開頭的反義疑問句是will you,其他祈使句均為will you
現在進行時,由 「be+動詞ing形式」 構成
主語 I he she it 名(單) you we they 名(復)
be am is are
(1)現在進行時的否定形式直接在be後面加not即可。
(2)現在進行時的一般疑問形式將be提前,後面+主語+其他
(3)現在進行時的特殊疑問形式用特殊疑問詞+be提前,後面+主語+其他
put on、wear與in。put on主要強調穿的動作,表示時間短;wear強調穿的狀態,表示時間長;in通常加衣服的顏色,表狀態
一般過去時,表示過去發生的動作或出現的狀態,以動詞的過去式表達。
be動詞過去式的句式。
①否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)。 ②一般疑問句是把was / were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。(2)實義動詞過去式的句式。①肯定式:主語+動詞過去式+其它。如:They had a good time yesterday. ②否定式:主語+did not(didn't)+動詞原形+其它。如:They didn't watch TV last night. ③一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它。肯定回答:Yes,主語+did.;否定回答:No,主語+didn't. ④特殊疑問句=特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句:即特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它
如:What time did you finish your homework?
at the beginning of在...的開始;at the end of在...的最後;in the end在最後。
sometimes有時;some time一段時間;some times一些次;sometime某個時刻
interesting,relaxing,interested,relaxed等形容詞以ing結尾都是物做主語,以ed結尾都是人做主語。
come from=be from來自...,對於疑問句,前者提前助動詞,之後用陳述語序;後者提前系動詞be,之後用陳述語序。
the way to...去...的路;the answer to... ...的答案;the key to... ...的鑰匙。注意這三個短語中表「的」詞都用介詞to
talk+to+sb和...談話(單方面);talk+with+sb和...談話(雙方互相);talk+about+sb(sth)談論某人(某物)
㈢ 初二英語語法歸納
1. look pretty 看上去漂亮的
1. taste salty 嘗起來鹹的
2. feel tight 感覺有些緊
3. smell sour 聞上去酸的
4. sound noisy 聽上去吵鬧的
5. so much food 這么多食物
6. get the food ready把食物准備好
7. can』t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
8. hear from sb. 收到某人的來信
9. shake hands 握手
10. last message 上個信息
11. be proud of sb. 為某人自豪
12. have a party 開聚會
13. the first time 第一次
14. family member 家庭成員
15. say hello to sb.與某人問好
16. have a try 試一試
17. introce sb. to sb.把某人介紹給
18. get angry with sb. 對某人生氣
19. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事.
20. be excited about doing sth.做某事感到興奮
21. do something wrong 做錯事
22. ride a bicycle 騎自行車
23. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
24. make cookies 做小甜餅
25. What』s the matter with you? 你怎麼了?
26. What』 she like? 她為人怎樣?
27. What does she look like? 她長的怎樣?
feel (感覺,摸起來)
sound(聽起來)
look(看上去)
28.主語+感官動詞(連系動詞) seem (好象) +adj.
smell(聞起來)
taste (吃起來)
keep (保持)
become / get/ turn (變得)
Mole 8
1. around town 環城之行
2. go along 沿著---走
3. turn left/ right into---向左/右轉
4. on the corner of (在街道)拐角處
5. between---and---在----和----之間
6. on the left of---在---的左邊
7. opposite the market 在市場的對面
8. by boat 乘船
9. take boat 乘船
10. on a clear day 在晴朗的日子裡
11. the way to -------的路
12. the best way 最好的方法
13. get off 下(車, 船)
14. go past 走過
15. go for a walk 散步
16. buy things you need 買你需要的東西
17. go swimming 去游泳
18. get something to eat 買些吃的東西
19. be full of 裝滿了---
20. most of 大多數
21. at the ticket office 在售票處
22. follow it on the map
23. Where is the park?
How can I get to the park?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Is there a park near here?
Do you know the way to the park?
Mole 9
1.瀕危動物: animals in danger
2.需要做某事: need to do
3.沒有喝水: without drinking
4.了解: learn about…
5.令人驚奇的事情:: the surprising thing
6.很吃驚地干某事: be surprised to do sth
7.干某事很悲傷: It』s sad to do sth
8.為了…而殺死: kill…for…
9.停止捕殺很難: It』s hard to stop killing
10.沒有地方住: no places to live in
11.沒有足夠吃的食物no enough food to eat
12.這水不好喝: The water isn』t good to drink
13.帶走它: take it away
14.住在森林裡: live in the forests
15.決定不做某事: decide not to do
16:變得很嚴峻: become very serious
17.以…為生: live on…
18.照顧: look after (them, her…)
19.有足夠住的地方:enough places to live in
20.越來越少的土地居住 less and less land to live on
21.制定計劃: make a plan
22.生長得更好:grow better
23.最著名的科學家: the best-known scientist
24.以 而聞名: be famous for…
25.的標志(象徵) the symbol of…
26.想起 think of…
27.考慮: think about (it)
28.例如: for example / such as…
29.幾乎沒有熊貓 very few pandas.
30.也,同樣 as well as…
31.你真是太好了干某事 It』s really nice of you to do sth…
32.向某人展示某物show sb about sth..
33.干某事的一個計劃: a plan to do sth…
34.設計海報 design a poster
35.保持…干凈: keep sth clean
36.保持地球的干凈: keep the Earth clean
37.砍伐森林: cut down the forests
38.污染河流: pollute the rivers
39.為某人而工作: work for sb
40.在野外: in the wild
41.究竟 : on earth
42.聽到那個消息很難過:I』m sorry to hear that.
43.使得某人發狂: make sb mad
44: 把它變臟: make it dirty
45. 查找它: find it out
46.和平地生存:live in peace.
47.自然保護區: nature reserve
48.最後: at last
49.干某事是有趣的: It』s interesting to do
50.需要保護: need to protect…
51.變得稀少: become rare
52.最瀕危的動物之一one of the animals most in danger
53.出生: be born
54.由於許多不同的原因:for many different reasons
Mole 10
1. offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事
2. watch a performance of 看----的演出
3. the center of the neighbourhood 居住地的中心
4. say goodbye to sb. 向某人說再見
5. the Qing Dynasty 清朝
6. the Anti-Japanese War 抗日戰爭
7. send sb. to some place 送/派某人去某地
8. the Teacher』s School 師范學校
9. from – to – 從----到----
10. be named 被命名為
11. people』s artist 人民的藝術家
12. great Master of Language 語言大師
13. folk music 民歌
14. magic shows 魔術表演
15. at the teahouse 在茶館
16. enjoy sth. 從某事得到樂趣
17. the twentieth century 二十世紀
18. give a wonderful welcome 熱烈歡迎
19. take place 發生
20. make them study hard 使他們努力學習
21. fall in love with sb. 與某人相愛
22. marry sb. 娶了/嫁給某人
23. the best part of the film 電影最好的部分
24. the name of ----的名字
25. more than one meaning 不止一個意思
26. the same dream 相同的夢想
27. Beijing Children』s Art Theatre 北京兒童藝術劇院
28. a gold medal 金牌
29. somebody else 別的人
30. a well-known poet 著名的詩人
31. a writer for TV, opera and drama 一位集電視劇,歌劇及戲劇創作於一身的作家
32. finish doing sth 結束做某事
33. be good for 對---有利
34. understand their children better 更好的了解孩子
35. manage to do sth. 設法做成某事
36. make a decision 做出決定
Mole 11
1. The Spring Festival 春節
2. at the moment 現在
3. depend on 根據---而定/ 依靠
4. find out 找出,查明
5. choose carefully 仔細挑選
6. the places to see 要看的地方
7. in winter 在冬天
8. change colour 改變顏色
9. in the northwest 在西北
10. remember to do sth 記得干某事
11. freezing cold 非常冷
12. from time to time 時常
13. take an umbrella 帶把雨傘
14. for a long time 長時間
15. on holiday 度假
16. best of all 最好的是
17. start to do sth. 開始做某事
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【應掌握的片語】
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什麼相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什麼有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though雖然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至於
20. activity survey活動調查
21. do homework做家庭作業
22. do house work做家務事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什麼有益
26. be bad for對什麼有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學回家
31. of course = certainly = sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed緊張的,有壓力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回來
Unit 2 What』s the matter?
【應掌握的片語】
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 並駕齊驅,齊頭並進
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What』s the matter? 怎麼了?
= What』s the trouble (with you)?
= What』s your trouble?
= What』s wrong (with you)?
= What』 the matter (with you)?
=What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what』s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙醫
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
11.That』s a good idea 好主意
12.That』s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我認為如此
14. I』m not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服
= I』m not feeling fine/all right.
= I』m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don』t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don』t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力盡
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫
21. a balance of yin and yang陰陽調和
22. you have too much yin.你陰氣太盛
23. to eat a balance diet飲食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康
=keep healthy=keep in good health
= keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興,過得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time
= have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth.練習做某事,
mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事,
give up doing sth.放棄做某事,
can』t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 堅持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )
be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事
be used to doing sth.習慣於做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.為..做貢獻
go on doing sth. 繼續做某事
forget doing sth.忘記做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花(時間)來做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)來更願意(做...)
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 東道家庭
30. Conversation practice會話練習
31. I』m sorry to hear that.聽到此事我很難過
初二語法復習
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
更詳細的語法可以看這里:)
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
㈣ 初中英語總結.和所有重點及短語 單詞 語法
由動詞開頭構成的短語、片語很多。復習時應分類處理:
一、動詞+介詞
1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…
2.listen to…聽……
3.welcome to…歡迎到……
4.say hello to …向……問好
5.speak to…對……說話
此類短語相當於及物動詞,其後必須帶賓語,但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞,都要放在介詞之後。
二、動詞+副詞
「動詞+副詞」所構成的短語義分為兩類:
A.動詞(vt.)+副詞
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脫下 3.write down記下
此類短語可以帶賓語,賓語若是名詞,放在副詞前後皆可;賓語若是人稱代詞,只能放在副詞的前面。
B.動詞(vi)+副詞。
1.come on趕快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in進來 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此類短語屬於不及物動詞,不可以帶賓語。
三、其它類動詞片語
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介詞短語聚焦]
「介詞+名詞/代詞」所構成的短語稱為介詞短語。現將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語按用法進行歸類。
1.in+語言/顏色/衣帽等,表示使用某種語言或穿著……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示「在……排/隊/班級/年級」等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示「在上午/下午/傍晚」等一段時間。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示「在書桌/鉛筆盒/卧室里」。
5.in the tree表示「在樹上 (非樹本身所有)」;on the tree表示「在樹上(為樹本身所有)」。
6.in the wall表示「在牆上(凹陷進去)」;on the wall表示「在牆上(指牆的表面)」。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上學)/at home(在家)應注意此類短語中無the。
8.at + 時刻表示鍾點。
9.like this/that表示方式,意為「像……這/那樣」。
10.of短語表示所屬關系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等,表示方位、處所。
12.from與to多表示方向,前者意為「從……」,後者意為「到……」。
另外,以下這些短語也必須掌握。如:on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one』s bike等。
[重點句型大回放]
1.I think…意為「我認為……」,是對某人或某事的看法或態度的一種句型。其否定式常用I don』t think…,
2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意為「把……給……」,動詞give之後可接雙賓語,可用這兩種句型;若指物的賓語是人稱代詞時,則只能用give it/ them to sb.
3.take sb./ sth. to…意為「把……(送)帶到……」,後常接地點,也可接人。
4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意為「一個是……;另一個是……」,必須是兩者中。
5.Let sb. do sth. 意為「讓某人做某事」,人後應用不帶to的動詞不定式,其否定式為Don』t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let』s 與Let us的含義不完全相同,前者包括聽者在內,後者不包括聽者在內,
6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意為「幫助某人做某事」,前者用不定式作賓補,後者用介詞短語作賓補,二者可以互換.
7.What about…?/How about…?意為「……怎麼樣?」是用來詢問或徵求對方的觀點、意見、看法等。about為介詞,其後須接名詞、代詞或V-ing等形式。
8.It』s time to do…/ It』s time for sth. 意為「該做……的時間了」,其中to後須接原形動詞,for後可接名詞或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意為「喜歡做某事」, 前一種句型側重具體的一次性的動作;後一種句型側重習慣性的動作,
10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意為「讓某人(不要)做某事」,其中ask sb.後應接動詞不定式,
11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意為「把某物給某人看」,該句型的用法同前面第2點。
12.introce sb. to sb. 意為「把某人介紹給另一人」;introce to sb.則是「向某人作介紹」。
[重點短語快速復習]
1.kinds of 各種各樣的
2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中國清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones'way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的盡頭,在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及時
13. make one』s way to…往……(艱難地)走去
14. just then 正在那時
15. first of all 首先,第一
16. go wrong 走錯路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵鬧,喧嘩
19. get on 上車
20. get off 下車
21. stand in line 站隊
22. waiting room 候診室,候車室
23. at the head of……在……的前頭
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 亂丟,拋散
26. in fact 實際上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one』s temperature 給某人體溫
31. have/get a pain in…某處疼痛
32. have a headache 頭痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地,反復地
38. wake up 醒來,叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 檢查
41. take exercise運動
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按時
45. out of從……向外
46. all by oneself 獨立,單獨
47. lots of=a lot of 許多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回來,取回
50. sooner or later遲早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光,吃完
53. run after 追趕
54. take sth. with sb. 某人隨身帶著某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顧,照料
56. think of 考慮到,想起
57. keep a diary 堅持寫日記
58. leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下
59. harder and harder 越來越厲害
60. turn on打開(電燈、收音機、煤氣等)
61. turn off 關
[重溫重點句型]
1.So + be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語.
前面陳述的肯定情況也適於另一人(物)時,常用到這種倒裝結構,表示「另一人(物)也如此。」前面陳述的否定情況也適於另一人(物)時,常用「Neither/ Nor + be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語.」這種倒裝結構。
注意:「So+主語+be/助動詞/情態動詞.」這一句型常用於表示贊同,進一步肯定對方的看法,表示「的確如此。」「是呀。」
neither...nor... , both...and... , either...or... , not only...but also...等句型要遵循相鄰原則。
2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.
這一指路的句型意為「在第一/二/……個十字路口向右/左拐。」相當於Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.
3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.
此句型表示「干某事花了某人一段時間。」其中的it是形式主語,後面的動詞不定式(短語)才是真正的主語.
就等於spent time on sth / spent time in doing sth
4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式賓語,不可用其它代詞替代,形容詞作賓語的補足語,後面的動詞不定式(短語)才是真正的賓語。
5.What』s wrong with…?
此句型相當於What』s the matter/ trouble with…?後跟某物作賓語時,意為「某物出什麼毛病了?」後跟某人作賓語時,意為「某人怎麼了?」
6.too…to…
在so…that…復合句中,that後的句子是否定句時,常與簡單句too…to…(太……而不能……)進行句型轉換。
在so…that…復合句中,that後的句子是肯定句時,常與簡單句…enough to…進行句型轉換.
7.Sorry to hear that.
全句應為I』m sorry to hear that. 意為「聽到此事我很難過(遺憾)。」常用於對別人的不幸表示同情、遺憾之意。
[重點句型、片語大盤點]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她過去是一位漢語老師。
[用法] used to + 動詞原形,表示過去經常性的動作或存在的狀態,含有現在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn』t to do或didn』t use to do.
[比較] used to do sth. 過去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 習慣於做某事;be used to do sth. 被用來做某事。
2.…return it sooner or later.
……遲早要將它歸還。
[用法] l)sooner or later意為「遲早」、「早晚」。
2)return此處用作及物動詞,意為「歸還」,相當於give back.
[拓展]return還可用作不及物動詞,意為「返回」,相當於go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like…無論天氣……
[用法]no matter what 相當於whatever,其意為「無論什麼」,引導狀語從句。
[拓展]類似no matter what的表達方式還有:
no matter when無論什麼時候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where無論什麼地方
no matter who無論誰
no matter how 無論怎麼樣
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年經人與格林先生練習講英語。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示「實踐、練習(做)某事」。
[拓展]practice名詞,「實踐」、「實施」、「練習」;put a plan into practice實行某計劃。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓勵大家參加保護我們的湖泊、河流和海洋的活動。
[用法]1)encourage用作動詞,意思是「鼓勵」、「支持」。
2)take part in「參加」,常表示參加活動。
3)protect 是動詞,表示「防禦」、「保護」。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓勵或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵襲或傷害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人們當心水裡的鯊魚。
[用法] warn用作動詞,意思是「警告」、「警戒」。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that從句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告誡某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告誡某人當心某事/不要做某事
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one』s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one』s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one』s hair do a good deed do wrong
1.弄清詞語自身結構用法學生做題時往往僅限於依據詞語的中文含義,簡單對照。這樣就造成了許多中文正確,而英語結構上的錯誤。如「允許某人干某事」,allow sb to do sth,而不可用做agree sb to do sth.「同意干某事」說allow doing sth.而agree卻應為agree to do sth.再如:「希望某人去干某事」expect sb to do sth.不可說為hopesbtodosth.「建議某人去干某事」,說advise sb to do.就不可說是suggest sb to do sth.這是根據動詞自身的基本用法而決定的。這些更需要學習中不斷積累。
下面是一些常用動詞的不同結構用法:
A.以下動詞與不定式連用即afford to do sth .afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,
help,
hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wish
B.以下動詞與動名詞連用即admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,can』t help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,
order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest
C.以下動詞與不定式復合結構連用即advise sb to do sth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,
long for,need,oblige,permit,persuade,prefer,remind,request,require,suppose,waitfor,warn,etc.let,have,make,(使役動詞後的不定式去掉to)see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel(感官動詞後的不定式去掉to)
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one』s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one』s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one』s hair do a good deed do wrong
㈤ 初中英語語法總結
語法是靠英語書中的句子中自己發現的。
學習語法沒有太多訣竅,就是要多專練習,多做題目,做屬得多了就自然而然的會了,這個網站里可以查詢到專門練習語法的資料
http://www.bangmang.cn/site/englishAll.html
㈥ 英語語法(初中英語代詞方面問題)
反身代詞釋義
反身代詞是一種表示反射或強調的代詞。它的基本含義是:通過反身代詞指代主語,使施動者把動作在形式上反射到施動者自己。因此,反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關系,在人稱、性、數上保持一致。
如:
(1)A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hive.
一隻做了標記的蜜蜂從盤中喂飽自己以後就飛回蜂箱了(itself 與 bee 在人稱、性質、數上保持一致)
(2)In 1955 Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney park.
1955年,沃爾特.迪斯尼親自創辦了第一個迪斯尼公園。(himself 與 Walt Disney 在人稱、性質、數上保持一致)
反身代詞和人稱代詞作賓語時具有不同的含義。
如:
(3)He saw himself in the mirror.
他在鏡子里看見了他自己。(himself 和 he 為同一人)
(4)He saw him in the mirror.
他在鏡子里看見了他。(him 顯然指另外一人)
[編輯本段]常見的反身代詞列表:
I--myself you-- yourself your-- yourselves she--herself he
himself
we they it one
ourselves themselves itself oneself
[編輯本段]用法
1)做賓語
a. 有些動詞需有反身代詞
absent, bath, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我們昨晚玩得很開心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 請你隨便吃點魚。
b. 用於及物動詞+賓語+介詞
take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那個時候我不能打扮我自己。
註:有些動詞後不跟反身代詞, get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。
Please sit down. 請坐。
2) 作表語; 同位語
be oneself: I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身並不重要。
3) 在不強調的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞後賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。如:
No one but myself (me) is hurt.
[編輯本段]注意:
a. 反身代詞本身不能單獨作主語。
(錯) Myself drove the car.
(對) I myself drove the car. 我自己開車。
b. 但在and, or, nor連接的並列主語中,第二個主語可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語。
Charles and myself saw it.
5)第二人稱作賓語,要用反身代詞。
You should be proud of yourself. 你應為自己感到驕傲。
myself-第一人稱單數,我自己
ourselves-第一人稱復數,我們自己
yourself-第二人稱單數,你自己
yourselves-第二人稱復數,你們自己
himself/herself/itself-第三人稱單數,他/她/它自己
1) 列表
數 單數 復數
人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一 人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
人稱代詞 I you he/she/it we you they
反身代詞 myself yourself yourself/herself/himself ourselves yourselves themselves
另外:one的反身代詞為oneself
2)做賓語
a. 有些動詞需有反身代詞,如absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introce, behave等。例如:
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我們昨晚玩得很開心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 請你隨便吃點魚。
b. 用於及物動詞+賓語+介詞,如take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth等。例如:
I could not dress(myself)up at that time. 那個時候我不能打扮我自己。
註:有些動詞後不跟反身代詞,如:get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。例如:
Please sit down. 請坐。
3) 用作表語,如結構be oneself.例如:
I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
4) 用作同位語
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身並不重要。
5) 在不強調的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞後賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。如:No one but myself(me)is hurt.
注意:
a. 反身代詞本身不能單獨作主語。
(錯) Myself drove the car.
(對) I myself drove the car. 我自己開車。
b. 但在and, or, nor連接的並列主語中,第二個主語可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語。例如:
Charles and myself saw it. 查爾斯和我看見了這件事。
D.反身代詞
定義 人稱代詞的賓格或所有格詞尾加「-self,-selves」的代詞稱為反身代詞(Reflexive Pronoun),亦稱復合人稱代詞(Compound Personal Pronoun)。
反身代詞的用法
(1)反身用法:及物動詞的賓語即為主語本身的用法叫作反身用法。
例A:The old man killed himself last night.
(那個老人昨夜自殺了。)
例B:We enjoyed ourselves very much at the party last night.
(昨夜我們在宴會中過得很愉快。)
例C:Help yourselves,please.
(請各位不要客氣。)
解說 如各例句所示,各反身代詞都是指其主語本身。這種用法有些已成為慣用表達法(例B),例如:
例:He absented himself from school this morning.
(他今天早晨缺席,沒有到學校。)
例:She seated herself by the window.
(她揀了窗邊的一個座位坐下來。)
例:I was late this morning because I overslept myself.
(今天早晨我遲到是因為我睡過頭了。)
例:Don't overeat yourself,or you'll get sick.
(不要暴食,否則你會生病的)
例:They dressed themselves up quickly and left the house.
(他們匆匆地穿好衣服後就出去了。)
(2)作介詞的賓語用:也是屬於反身用法。
例A:The door opened of itself.
(門自動地開了。)
例B:I like to travel by myself.
(我喜歡獨自旅行。)
例C:She was beside herself with grief.
(她悲傷過度,神經失常了。)
解說 例A的「of itself」是表示無外力干予,即「自動」的意思。例B的「by myself」是表示無外人參加,即「獨自」的意思。例C的「beside herself」是表示脫離她本來的自我,即「失常,發瘋」的意思。
(3)表達強調
例:I myself heard him say so yesterday.
(我昨天親自聽他這么說的。)
例:she did it herself.(=She herself did it.)
(她自己做的。)
例:The story itself is not interesting.
(故事本身並不令人感到有趣
疑問代詞
1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞片語的作用,用來構成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個:
指 人: who, whom, whose
指 物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
2) 疑問代詞在句中應位於謂語動詞之前,沒有性和數的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較:
疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk?
桌上的書是誰的?
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
美國的領土擴張是朝哪個方向的?
限定詞: Whose books are these on the desk?
桌上的書是誰的?
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬於美國?
說明1:
無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內,例如:
Which girls do you like best?
你喜歡哪幾個姑娘?
What girls do you like best?
你喜歡什麼樣的姑娘?
說明2:
Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時,可用who代替,但在介詞後只能用whom, 例如:
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了誰?(作動詞賓語)
Who(m) are you taking the book to?
你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 後,不能用who取代。)
說明3:
疑問代詞用於對介詞賓語提問時,過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如:
For what do most people live and work?
大部分人生活和工作的目的是什麼?(舊文體)
What are you looking for?
你在找什麼?(現代英語)
說明4:
疑問代詞還可引導名詞性從句,例如:
I can't make out what he is driving at.
我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
你能告訴我床上的藍襯衣是誰的嗎?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你說的我大部分同意,但並不完全贊同。
㈦ 初中七年級英語語法總結歸納
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----