❶ 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他
❷ 高一英語必修一重點語法
英語語法，本質上不分什麼小學語法，中學語法，大學語法，這樣分都是瞎搞，誤人回子弟。
我們講中文會分小學答語法，中學語法，大學語法嗎？現在有的小學生的語言能力都像大人一樣。小學生一樣看紅樓夢，看水滸。那國外的小學生不是也同樣如此嗎？
傳統的語法教學把語法教的及其混亂和繁瑣，毫無章法和體系，且錯誤百出，整個初高中階段語法數十節課就可以學透的卻折磨了學生數十年。
推薦華東理工大學的《英語思維：解密英語語法的原理》，該書是國內第一本系統講解英語語法原理和思維內涵的書，是第一本從語言原理層面完整系統的呈現英語語法全貌和完整框架體系的書。該書糾正了傳統英語教育的諸多謬誤，理清了英語學習的脈絡，呈現給讀者一個完整系統的英語語法框架體系。
也可以看同名視頻課程，短平快，十節課真正理解英語語法，適合那些英語語法混亂毫無章法同學，也適合那些英語還不錯，但是沒學透無體系遭遇瓶頸無法突破的同學，看完後，對英語的理解有脫胎換骨之感。
學透語法之後的英語繼續學習，就可以通過精看美劇進行詞彙的學習，聽、說、讀、寫的鍛煉。
利用高效系統建立起來的語法知識體系後，可以欣賞美劇、閱讀新聞，交友娛樂，快樂的享受英語給你帶來的樂趣。
❸ 高一英語語法匯總
高一英語必修一語法要點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他
❹ 蘇教版高一英語必修一語法知識點總結
一. 直接引語和間接引語 （一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如： Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」 →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如： She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」 →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,「These books are mine.」 →He said that those books were his. （二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如： She said,「Is your father at home?」 →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. 「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,「Please sit down.」 →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,「Go away!」 →He ordered him to go away. He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」 →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態的被動語態 被動語態概述 被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態的構成 被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下： 1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t. 7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞 注意： 1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered. 2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.（被動結構） That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構） 系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如： He was very excited.（系表結構） He was much excited by her words.（被動結構） 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 片語： add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 賓語補足語 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it』s because….. +原因 it』s why…. + 結果 dare + (to) do (實義動詞) do (情態動詞) a year and a half it』s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序數詞 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2片語： because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 謂語用單數 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定語從句 用who 1600』s 1980s in + 物主代詞 + 數字的復數 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名詞 （不加冠詞） the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3片語： prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it』s is / has been + 時間段 + since 從句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one』s mind make up one』s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4片語：right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陳述語氣/ 虛擬語氣 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5片語： of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one』s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one』s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 語法點1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表將來4. 定語從句： 只用that 的情況 只用who 的情況 只用which的情況 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介詞+ which/ whom which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句 插入語 I think I believe I guess I thought 間隔式定語從句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一種厭煩等語氣8. 強調句 it is + 被強調部分 + that 從句 It is not until + 時間 + that 從句 特殊疑問詞 + is it that 從句 9. 倒裝句 部分否定，含有否定詞的 hardly never little only seldom 等， 把情態動詞，be 動詞， 助動詞提到主語 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,從句用虛擬語氣， 用（should） do 。
❺ 高一英語必修一第一單元語法
直接引語與間接引語面面觀（一）
在英語語言交際中，引述別人的話有兩種方式：直接引語和間接引語。直接引語是直接引述別人的原話，在書面語中經常將其放在引號中。間接引語是用自己的話轉述別人的話，無需加引號，在多數情況下間接引語可以構成賓語從句。接下來我們認識一下直接引語與間接引語：
1. MrsSmith said, 「I am going to New Yorktomorrow.」（引號中的內容為直接引語）
2. MrsSmith said that she was going to New York the next day. （劃線部分為間接引語）
細心的同學可能已經發現句1中的直接引語在變成句2中的間接引語時某些成分已經發生了變化，如: I變成了she, am變成了was, tomorrow則變成了the next day。在日常交際中，當我們需要在這兩種引語之間轉換時，究竟有什麼規律可循呢？
首先，如果直接引語為陳述句、疑問句，變為間接引語時，就成為一個賓語從句，所以自然要符合賓語從句的語法要求。從句的一些共性特點是：一、陳述語序；二、恰當的連接詞；三、時態要求。除此之外，直接引語變為間接引語仍有一些具體的語法要求，以下結合實例逐一解析。
一、人稱的變化
將直接引語變為間接引語時，一定要注意人稱的變化，否則會使整個句子意思混亂。觀察下列幾組句子中人稱的變化，注意其變化規律。
1. She said, 「My friends want to visit me.」→ She said her friends wanted to visither.
2. He said to Kate, 「How is your work now?」→ He asked Kate how her work was then.
3. Tom said, 「You』d better carry an umbrella just incase, Mary.」→ Tom said that Mary had better carryan umbrella just in case.
4. Mr Smith said, 「Jack is a good worker.」→ Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
【自我歸納】人稱變化須牢記：從一隨主，從二隨賓，從三人稱不更新。
「從一隨主」是指如果直接引語中的主語是第一人稱時，從句中的人稱變化要隨主句中 ______的人稱變化，如第1組例句。
「從二隨賓」是指如果直接引語中的主語是第二人稱時，從句中的人稱變化要與主句中的______一致，如第2組例句；如果主句沒有賓語，則需觀察主句主語的交際對象，如第3組例句，此句中Tom的說話對象為______, 故間接引語中的主語變化為Mary。
「從三人稱不更新」是指如果直接引語中的主語及賓語是第三人稱時，從句中的人稱一般______，如第4組例句。
二、時態的變化
直接引語變為間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態上要做相應的變化。具體變化如下：
直接引語
間接引語
一般現在時
一般過去時
一般將來時
過去將來時
現在進行時
過去進行時
現在完成時
過去完成時
一般過去時
過去完成時
過去完成時
過去完成時
【即學即練】根據以上原則完成下列句子。
1. She said, 「I have lost my bike.」→ She said she ______ her bike.
2. She said, 「We hope so.」→ She said they ______ so.
3. He said, 「She will go to see her friend.」→ He said she ______ to see herfriend.
注意：在以下幾種情況下，直接引語變為間接引語時，時態不變化。
1. 直接引語是客觀事實、科學真理及名言警句時。如：The teacher said to us, 「Light travels much fasterthan sound.」→ The teacher told us that lighttravels much faster than sound.
2. 直接引語是過去進行時，時態不變。如：Mother said, 「John, what were you doingat 8 o』clock last night?」→ Mother asked John what he was doingat 8 o』clock the night before.
3. 如果直接引語中的情態動詞無過去式（如：ought to, had better, usedto）或已經是過去式（如：could, should, would,might）時，則不再變化。如： He said, 「You should come hereearlier tomorrow.」→ He said I should go thereearlier the next day.
4. 如一般過去時有表示具體時間的狀語，也可以不變。如：She said, 「I was born in 1995.」→ She said (that) she was born in1995.
三、狀語及其他成分的變化
直接引語變為間接引語時，時間狀語和地點狀語也要做相應的變化。如: now → then；today → that day; tonight → that night；yesterday → the day before；tomorrow → the next day；last month → the month before等；地點狀語here → there；指示代詞this → that, these → those；動詞come → go, bring → take等。
注意：以上這些變化要視情況而定，不能死搬教條，如果轉述就在當天當地則不需要進行時間及地點的轉換。
四、句型的變化
觀察下列幾組句子中直接引語和間接引語的轉換中句型的變化規律，並試著總結歸納。
1. She said, 「Our train will leave in severalminutes.」→ She said that their train wouldleave in several minutes.
2. He said, 「Can you dance, Ted?」→ He asked Ted whether / if he coulddance.
3. 「You have tidied your room, haven』t you?」 my mother asked. → My mother asked mewhether I had tidied my room.
4. She asked me, 「When will you start?」→ She asked me when I would start.
【自我歸納】
1. 直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由______（可省略）引導的賓語從句。
2. 直接引語如果是反意疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由______引導的賓語從句。
3. 直接引語如果是特殊疑問句，間接引語應改為由原來的疑問詞引導的賓語從句。
【即學即練】閱讀下列幾組直接引語變為間接引語的句子，判斷其正（T）誤（F）並改正其中的錯誤。
1. 「What did you do yesterday, Jenny?」 said themother.
→ The mother asked Jenny what she haddone the day before.
2. The little kid said, 「How can I get that toy?」
→ The little kid asked how could heget that toy.
3. He said, 「The Olympic Games are held every fouryears.」
→ He said that the Olympic Games wereheld every four years.
Key:
一、【自我歸納】主語；賓語；Mary；不需要變化
二、【即學即練】 1. had lost 2.hoped 3. would go
四、【自我歸納】 1. that 2.whether / if
【即學即練】
1. T。
2. F。how could he改為how he could
3. F。were改為are
❻ 高一英語語法
原句
I think it is natural for you not to get used to live there.
首先源改正 句型 get used to + Ving
I think it is natural for you not to get used to living there.
有三種寫法
1. 加 that
I think that not to get used to living there is natural for you.
2. 刪去that
I think it is natural for you not to get used to living there.
3. 刪去is
I think it (as) natural for you not to get used to living there.
❼ 高一英語所有的語法...
look up 抬頭向上看
look up to sb尊敬某人 look down on 輕視
a well-dressed lady 一位穿著講究的女士
glance at 瞥一眼
greet sb with a smile 用微笑打招呼
a senior employee資深的員工
be senior to 比…年長的，資深的
prefer sth to sth 喜歡….不喜歡…..
prefer doing a to doing b喜歡做a不喜歡做b
prefer to do a rather than do b寧願做a而不願做b
the way +that 做….的方式，方法
+in which
+ /
more than 超過，不只是，經常
more than speaking and listening 不只是
gesture 手勢
expression 表情
expression on your face 你的臉部表情
appearance 外貌，外表
appear 出現，似乎 disappear消失
It appears that….. 似乎，好像
communicate with sb 交流
communicate sth to sb 把（信息，消息）傳遞給某人
keep up/lose communication with sb 與某人保持/失去聯系
leave/make/ give sb a good impression leave/make /give a good impression on sb 給某人留下很好的印象
make sb feel+ adj. 是某人覺得….
decide to do sth 決定做某事
decide on sth= choose 選擇
for assistance 為了得到幫助
improve 提高
smile at sb 像某人微笑
enter the classroom 走進教室
enter for 報名參加
it seems to work 這好像起作用了
without hesitation 毫不猶豫
hesitate to do sth 猶豫做某事，不願意做某事
remark 評論 downwards 向下的
sigh for sth 為…..嘆氣
remind sb to do sth /remind sb of sth /remind sb +從句 提醒某人（做）某事
throughout the history of mankind 在人類歷史上
in many situation 在許多情況下
the key to sth ….的關鍵
signal （n）信號 ，（v）示意,表示
hostility 敵意
confusion 困惑
in western culture 在西方文化里
maintain eye contact 保持眼神交流
contact v. & n. 交往，聯系
keep contact with sb 與某人取得聯系
lose contact with sb 與某人失去聯系
avoid doing 避免做某事
in authority 掌權
as a matter of fact =in fact 事實上
for instance =for example 比如
concentration 專心
concentrate（v.） on sth 集中時間做某事
subtle 微妙的，細微的
consider sth as sth 把…看作…
be considered (as) sth 認為，看作
consider doing sth 考慮做某事
stare at 盯著
be rude to sb = be impolite to sb 不禮貌
boredom 無聊
lack(n.) of sth缺少
lack(v.) sth
respect v.& n. 尊敬
lead to =result in=give rise to導致
lead to this road 通向這條路
unit 2
call on sb =drop in on sb 拜訪某人
call at some place =drop in at some place拜訪某地
care for your hair 照料你的頭發
hairstyle 發型
suit sb 適合某人
guarantee to do sth 保證做某事
guarantee sth to sb 向某人保證
be /feel on top of the world 覺得興高采烈
get advice from expert 從專家那得到建議
curl 卷發
angle 稜角
keep healthy 保持健康
eat a balanced diet 吃均衡的飲食
plenty of 許多，大量
in addition 另外
look after = take care of 照顧
shampoo 洗發劑
it is adj. for sb to do sth
it is adj. of sb to do sth
effective 有效的
conditioner 護發素
apply 使用
apply to 使用，申請，塗
apply to the company for the position 向公司申請某個職位
squeeze out 擠出
damage(v) sth 損害某物
do damage(n) to sth
loosen 使松
dirt 灰塵
comb n.& v. 梳子 梳頭發
hairdryer 吹風機
wash out 洗掉
at least 至少
remember to do sth 記得要去做某事（沒做）
remember doing sth 記得做過某事（做了）
overuse 過度使用
suggest doing sth 建議做某事
make / put forward a suggestion 提出建議
normal 正常的
wet (v)把….弄濕 Some people…..while others……一些人….然而另一些人…..
bald 禿頂
as a result of 由於
a result of …..的結果
ensure 確保，保證
pay attention to sth/to doing sth 注意
protein 蛋白質
adequate 足夠的
eight to ten glasses of water 喝8-10 杯水
keep sth from doing sthe 避免
rob sb of sth 搶了某人的東西
steal sth from sb 偷了某人的東西
shiny 閃亮的
remedy for …..的療法
rinse your hair 沖洗掉你的頭發
help sb/sth do 幫助做某事
regularly 經常的
be sure to 務必，確保
the key to sth …..的關鍵
dairy proct 乳製品
stress 精神壓力
rub your hair 搓你的頭發
Unit 3
places of interests = tourist attraction旅遊景點
the Great Wall 長城
be interested in 對….有興趣
show interest in
interests 利益
twist and turn 蜿蜒曲折（v.）
twist the truth 扭曲事實
turn down 拒絕
turn up 出現
turn out 結果是
turn to 求助於
turn over移交
mountain chains 山脈
construction of sth ….的建造
be under construction 在建設中
take shape 成型
be designed by 被誰設計
complete 完成
completion
magnificent壯麗的，宏偉的
from a distance 從遠處看
structure 建築物
base 底座
include 包含---exclude 不包含
gallery （藝術品）展覽館
bronze ware 青銅器
sculpture 雕塑
calligraphy 書法
seal 印章
furniture 傢具
it takes+一段時間for sb to do sth 做什麼事情花費某人多少時間
historical 有關歷史的
historic 歷史性的
preserve the buildings 保存，保護這些大樓
preservation 保護區
be admitted to some places被允許進入
admit to doing sth 承認做某事
scenery 風景
landscape，風景，山水
landscape painting 山水畫 odd 古怪的，奇數
reflection 倒影，反思
the remains of sth ….的遺跡
ancient temple 古老的廟宇
be the pride of sth 是…..的驕傲
be proud of =take pride in 對…..感到驕傲
abandon v.& n. 放棄
access（n） to sth 到達，有….的權利
access(v) some places
fall of the roman empire 羅馬帝國的衰落
stadium 競技場
fall into ruin 成為廢墟
hold more than 5000 people 容納超過五千人
wonder 奇跡
tomb 墳墓
overlook 俯瞰
sit in the stands 坐在看台上
civilization 文明
be made of 有…..製成(看得到材料)
be made from 有…..製成（看不見材料）
be attracted by 被…吸引
unit4
surprise n. & vt.驚奇，吃驚
to one』s surprise令人驚訝的
be surprised to do sth吃驚的做某事
studio studios演播室
film v.& n.拍攝，電影
director導演
contestant競爭者
contest v.& n.競爭，比賽
contest with=compete with競爭
a speech contest 演講比賽
whisper 低語
whisper to sb向某人低語
on the stage在舞台上
faint adj &v. & n. 微弱的，暈倒，昏厥
a faint hope 渺茫的希望
faint with 因…..而暈倒
in a dead faint 不省人事
gasp 喘著氣說
gasp out 氣喘吁吁地說出
off the stage 下舞台
raise one』s hand 舉起某人的手
rush forward 沖向
powder one』s face 在臉上抹粉
comb one』s hair 梳頭發
make-up artist 化妝師
cue sb 給某人提示
clap拍手
boom 低沉地說
terrific 極好的
be ahead of 領先
tense 緊張的
sit on the edge of one』s seat 坐在座位的邊緣
chew one』s fingernails 要手指甲
keep still 靜止不動
make sb up 化妝
make up one』s mind 下定決心做某事
make up sth 編造
make up for 彌補
a bag of nerves 一個神經緊張的人
cameraman 攝影師
seat v. 使坐下
quiz 智力競賽
trend 趨勢
entertainment technology 娛樂科技
feel like + n/adj. 感覺就像
feel like sth /doing 想要什麼，想要做什麼
imax dome theatre 3D電影院
the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum
上海科技館
surround 環繞
surroundings 環境
audience 觀眾
achieve a similar effect 達到相似的效果
flat-screen寬屏
be suspended on the wall被懸掛在牆上
digital technology 數字科技
be arranged round the viewers被安排圍繞著觀眾
arrange安排
be introced in 被引進
high- quality music 高質量音樂
no longer 不再
record v & n 記錄
cassette磁帶
stereo立體聲的
beat sb 戰勝某人
Unit 5
vegetarian 素食者
vegetable 素食
mixed grill 烤什錦
pork chops 豬排
steak 牛排
sausage 香腸
sound good to sb 聽起來很好
sound +adj.聽起來….
nor more 不再
the program on tv 電視節目
be influenced by 被…..影響
have an influence on = have an effect on
對….影響
on space 在太空
become an astronaut 成為宇航員
instry 工業
instrialization 工業化
spend time on sth 在……花時間
spend time in doing sth
in tiny spaces 在狹窄的空間里
get sick 生病
by the way 順便說一下
ought to 應該
instead of= in place of 替代
it contains vitamins and minerals 它包含維生素和礦物質
pesticide 農葯
be healthy for sb 有助於健康
the best source of energy 能量做好的來源
be full of energy = energetic
the importance of sth …..的重要性.
a variety of sth.多種多樣的
advise doing 建議做某事=suggest doing
advise sb (not ) to do 建議(不)要做某事
advise on sth 建議某事
a balanced diet 營養均衡的食物
warn sb of sth警告某人某事
warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事
warn sb that從句
lack of (v.)缺少
a lack of (n.)
especially 尤其是，特別是 risk doing (v.) 冒險做某事
run the risk of doing sth
at the risk (n.)of= at the cost of 以 ….為代價
decide on 選定=choose
decide to do sth 決定做某事
tell from 區別
on one hand / on the other hand
在一方面，在另一方面
Crowd 聚集=gather together
Crowded 擁擠的
Pepper 胡椒粉
Grow種植
Cattle牛群appetite胃口
Cheeseburger干乳酪漢堡包
Milkshake奶昔
Increase增加
Heart attack心臟病
Intelligent 聰明的
Unit 6
agriculture 農業
farming務農
farm v. 務農，飼養
natural 自然的
grow plants in soil 在土裡種植植物
sources of …..的來源
zone 地區
nourish v. 滋養
nourishment n.滋養
mixture混合物fertilizer肥料
make the best use of 充分利用
experimental research on 關於..的實驗性實驗
facility 場所
involve 包含
profitable盈利的
chemical化學品
technique科技
prove to 證明
used to do過去常常
get/be used to doing習慣於
economic benefits經濟利益
appear amazed to do 看似很驚訝做某事
It appears that 好似
appear to do 好像要做某事
backward 落後的
high-tech高科技的
many forms of 許多形式
cancer癌症
health problems健康問題
as common as像…..一樣平常
account for 解釋，說明
in moderation 適中
in contrast to 相比之下
stay healthy保持健康
in comparison 與…..相比
be aware of 意識到
experience （v）經受
fortunately 幸運的
weight 重量
❽ 高一英語必修一語法
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
一. 直接引語和間接引語
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動結構）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構）
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結構）
He was much excited by her words.（被動結構）
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
❾ 高一英語必修一第一單元語法詳解
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