轉換生成語法英語怎麼說

⑴ 轉換生成語法在翻譯中的應用

語法 SELECT [謂語] {* |表* |。 [。表]欄位1 [AS alias1] [[表] FIELD2 [AS alias2] [，...]]}計程車從tableexpression [，...] [IN externaldatabase] [WHERE ...] [GROUP BY ...] [HAVING ...] [ORDER BY ...] [WITH OWNERACCESS OPTION] 中國 BR> SELECT語句包含以下幾個部分：中國部分介紹專了這些謂詞一個屬謂詞：ALL，DISTINCT，DISTINCTROW，或TOP。您可以使用謂詞來限制返回的記錄數。如果沒有指定謂詞，則默認為ALL。所有欄位 *指定指定選擇表。表表名，表包含選擇哪些記錄的欄位。 欄位1，欄位2欄位名，這些欄位包含要檢索的數據。如果包含多個欄位，它們將被檢索的順序。 Alias1，alias2名作為列標題，在原列名不表。 Tableexpression包含要檢索表的名稱的數據。 Externaldatabase如果tableexpression表不在當前資料庫中，使用此參數指定資料庫名稱。

⑵ 喬姆斯基大師的「轉換生成語法」翻譯成英文是怎麼說的啊

Transformational-generative grammar

⑶ 轉換生成語法樹形圖中cp、infl都指什麼在胡壯麟的書中對樹形圖沒有太多的解釋，哪本書能比較詳細的講解

Inflp: inflective(inflectional?) phrase
CP: complementizer phrase
S: specifier
Inflt: inflectional tense
Pst:past tense
C: complement

⑷ 喬姆斯基的轉換生成語法應該怎麼理解

http://wenku..com/user/doc?st=1
我的文庫有一些
你看看吧
希望能幫到你
想當年年我的畢業論版文就是轉換生成語權法

⑸ 轉換-生成語法的介紹

轉換-生成語法（Transformational-generative grammar，簡稱TG）是美國語言學家喬姆斯基提出的一個描述語法的一個術語，內他在1957年所寫的《容語法結構》的出版是轉換-生成語法誕生的標志。簡單的說，轉換-生成語法理論研究的是人類為什麼會說話以及如何了解新的句子。

⑹ 求一篇英語論文，關於轉換生成語法的（Transformational-generative grammar）1500字左右

As we refer to the transformational-generative grammar, we must talk about A. N. Chomsky and his transformational-generative grammar. Because Chomsky, being a student, thought that the classification of structural elements of language according to distribution and arrangement had its limitations, he decided to open up a new route. In 1957, he published his book Syntactic Structures, and the publication marks the beginning of the Chomskyan Revolution. From its birth to the present day, TG Grammar has seen five stages of development. The classical theory aims to make linguistics a science.
There is a language acquisition device called by Chomsky. He believes that language is somewhat innate, and that children are born with it. The theory reflects that children are born with the knowledge of the basic grammatical relations and categories, and this knowledge is universal. Besides, this knowledge throws some light on the nature of the human kind. Chomsky』 innateness hypothesis is based on his observations that some important facts can never be otherwise explained adequately. And his theory suggested that although babies are not born knowing a language, they are born with a predisposition to develop a language in much the same way as they are born with a predisposition to learn to walk.
The next stage is that the development of the Generative Grammar. For it, Chomsky simply means a system of rules that in some explicit and well-defined way assigns structural descriptions to sentences. He believes that every speaker of a language has mastered and internalized a generative grammar that expresses his knowledge of his language. A generative grammar is not limited to particular languages, but to reveal the unity of particular grammars and universal grammars. It does not describe one language as an end, but as a means to explore the universal rules in the hope of revealing human cognitive systems and the essential nature of human beings.
The third is the classical theory. In the classical theory, Chomsky』s aim is to make linguistics a science. This theory is characterized by three features: (1) emphasis on generative ability of language; (2) introction of transformational rules; and (3) grammatical description regardless of meaning. The main idea can be found in Chomsky』s Syntactic Structures.
The fourth theory, the Standard Theory, is marked by Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. After the publication of his Syntactic Structures, Chomsky found serious problems that called for solution in order to reach his theoretical goals. The first problem is that the transformational rules are too powerful. An ordinary sentence can be transformed at will, negated, passivised, with certain elements added or deleted, without restrictions. The second problem is that his rules may generate ill-formed sentences as well as well-formed ones. In his Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, Chomsky made a remarkable change by including a semantic component in his grammatical model. He says that a generative grammar should consist of three components: syntactic, phonological and semantic.
The extended standard theory is the fifth theory. Chomsky revised his standard theory twice. In spite of the revisions of the classical theory made in the standard theory, there are still a lot of problems to be solved. Firstly, the transformational rules are still too powerful, tor they can move or delete linguistic segments, change the categories, keep the original meaning intact, and vary according to specific circumstances. Secondly, the standard theory holds that derived nouns such as criticism and explanation have the same semantic properties with their corresponding verbs.
In the 1980s, Chomsky』s TG Grammar entered the fourth period of development with the theory of government and binding. It consists of X-bar theory, Bounding theory, Government theory, Case theory, Control theory and Binding theory. Although all others had been mentioned in EST, the GB Theory further developed and complemented the discussions in EST.
Generally speaking, the development of TG grammar can be regarded as a process of constantly mineralizing theories and controlling the generative powers, and the Minimalist Program and the Minimalist Inquiries are just some logical steps in this process. Although TG Grammar has involved putting forward, revising, and cancelling of many specific rules, hypotheses, mechanisms, and theoretical models, its aims and purposes have been consistent.
Chomsky』s TG Grammar differs from the structural grammar in a number of ways: (1) rationalism; (2) innateness;(3) dective methodology;(4) emphasis on interpretation;(5) formalization;(6) emphasis on linguistic competence;(7) strong generative powers;(8) emphasis on linguistic universals.
First, Chomsky defines language as a set of rules or principles. Second, Chomsky believes that the aim of linguistics is to proce a generative grammar which captures the tacit knowledge of the native speaker of his language. This concerns the question of learning theory and the question of linguistic universals. Third, Chomsky and his followers are interested in any data that can reveal the native speaker』s tacit knowledge. They seldom use what native speakers actually say; they rely on their own intuition. Fourth, Chomsky』s methodology is hypothesis-dective, which operates at two levels: (a) the linguist formulates a hypothesis about language structure----a general linguistic theory; this is tested by grammars for particular languages, and (b) each such grammar is a hypothesis on the general linguistic theory. Finally, Chomsky follows rationalism in philosophy and mentalism in psychology.

⑺ 關於英語轉換生成語法

1。轉換生成語法:它產生於20世紀50年代，由形式語法學家喬姆斯基提出。他認為僅僅描寫語法形式是不夠的，而要探索隱藏在語法行為背後的人類普遍的「語法能力」，這種語言能力通過一套「深層結構」向「表層結構」的轉換規則，從而把意義和形式結合起來，把靜態描寫提高到動態描寫。

2。美國認知語言學家喬姆斯基（A·N·Chomsky）的轉換生成語法認為，語言是受規則支配的體系，人具有天生的語言習得機制和語言能力。人類使用語言不是靠機械模仿和記憶，而是不斷理解、掌握語言規則、舉一反三地創造性地運用語言的過程。

找到一個圖，發不上來，用流程畫給你看下

語法→轉換部分→表層結構→語音部分→句子的語音表現
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基礎部分→深層結構（指向轉換部分）→語義部分→句子的語義表現

簡單的說，轉換-生成語法理論研究的是人類為什麼會說話以及如何了解新的句子。上圖是一個轉換-生成語法的理論框圖。喬姆斯基認為語言學家只需要制定上圖中突出顯示的四個部分的規則。上圖也是轉換-生成語法的理論內容的示意圖：語法主要包括基礎和轉換兩個部分，基礎部分生成深層結構，深層結構通過轉換得到表層結構，語義部分屬於深層結構，它為深層結構作出語義解釋。語音部分屬於表層結構並為表層結構作出語音解釋。

⑻ 互相轉換 英語怎麼說

互相轉換
Mutual conversion
轉換
[詞典] conversion; convert; transform; change; switch;
[例句]轉換生成語法局限專性更大屬。
Transformational grammars are more restrictive.