㈠ 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點
一. 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現
二. 現在進行時
1. 說話時正在進行的動作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構
1. With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1.基本表達式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去)
3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等)
4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動作已經完成)
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如:I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。
注意:比較過去時與現在完成時
1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.
(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時
1. 概念:表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.現在完成進行時
1.其構成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下:
2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如:
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6.否定句構成:
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7.一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他
㈡ 高一英語必修一知識點
1.able 用法:be able to do
Note: 反義詞unable表示不能,而disabled表示殘疾的。
be able to do可以表示經過艱難困苦才能做到的事。
2.abroad 用法:表示到(在)國外,是一個副詞,前面不加介詞。
Note: 可以說from abroad, 表示從國外回來。
3.admit 用法:表示承認的時候後面要加上動名詞形式。
Note: 表示允許進入的時候與介詞to搭配。
4.advise 用法:advise sb. to do; advise doing
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即:advise that sb. (should) do的形式。
5.afford 用法:通常與動詞不定式搭配使用。
Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等詞。
6.after 用法:表示在時間、空間之後;be after表示追尋。
Note: 用在將來時的時候後面接一時間點,而in接一個時間段,如:after 3 o』clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法:與介詞on, to, with及動詞不定式搭配。
Note: agree on表示達成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人說的話。
8.alive 用法:表語性形容詞,在句中只能作表語,不能作定語。
Note: 可以作狀語使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive.
9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow sb. to do
Note: 可以表示允許進入,如:Please allow me in.
10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上的群體中。
Note: 還可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best.
11.and 用法:用於連接兩個詞、短語、句子或其他相同結構。
Note: 與祈使句搭配時往往可以表示條件。如:Work hard, and you』ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法:表示又一個,泛指,相當於one more的含義。
Note: 不能直接加復數名詞,需要與一個數詞搭配,如:another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法:及物動詞,但在作名詞時要與介詞to搭配。
Note: 可以表示接電話、應門等。如:answer the phone/door.
14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to do
Note: be anxious about表示擔心;be anxious for表示盼望得到。
15.appear 用法:不及物動詞,沒有賓語,沒有被動語態。
Note: 還可以作為系動詞,與seem同義,表示看起來……。
16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一個小地方;arrive in表示到一個大地方。
Note: 引申含義表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即:ask that sb. (should) do的形式。
18.asleep 用法:表語性形容詞,在句中只能作表語,不能作定語。
Note: 通常與動詞be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法:表示參加,後面經常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等詞;也可以表示照顧,照料。
Note: attend to可以表示處理、照料等。
20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch sb』s attention
Note: 寫通知時的常用語:May I have your attention, please?
21.beat 用法:表示打敗某人,或連續不斷地擊打某物。
Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法:後面接原因狀語從句,because of後面接名詞。
Note: because表示直接原因,因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問句及用在強調句中。
23.become 用法:系動詞,表示變得……。可以由好變壞或由壞變好。
Note: become of sb.表示某人發生了什麼事情。
24.before 用法:before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段時間 before…在該句型中,主句時態只有將來時態和一般過去時態。
25.begin 用法:begin to do; begin doing
Note: 當begin本身是進行時的時候,只能用begin to do的形式。如:It was beginning to rain.
26.believe 用法:believe sb.表示相信某人說的話;believe in sb.表示信任;6123結構。
Note: 回答問句時通常用I believe so/not的形式。
27.besides 用法:表示除……之外還有,包含在一個整體之中。
Note: 還可以用作副詞,表示此外,要用逗號隔開。
28.beyond 用法:表示越過、在另一邊,如:beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用於引申含義,表示超出……,如:beyond control/power/description.
29.bit 用法:與a little一樣可以修飾不可數名詞,形容詞或副詞。
Note: 修飾名詞時要用a bit of;not a bit表示一點也不。
30.blame 用法:take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.
Note: 表示應受到責怪時不用被動語態,如:He is to blame.
31.blow 用法:blow down/away
Note: 表示風颳得很大時要用blow hard.
32.boil 用法:boiling表示沸騰的;boiled表示煮過的。
Note: boiling point可以表示沸點。
33.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。
Note: 點動詞,不能表示借的時間長短。
34.breath 用法:hold one』s breath;out of breath; save one』s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口氣;take breath表示喘口氣。
35.burn 用法:burn down/up/one』s hand
Note: burning表示點著的;burnt表示燒壞的。
36.business 用法:on business表示出差;in/out of business表示開/關張。
Note: 表示商業時不可數,表示具體的行業時可數。
37.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能說My work is busy. 應說I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞,不能表示買的時間長短。
39.but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎,差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句,前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
40.by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
41.care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用於否定句;care for表示關心,喜愛,常用於肯定句。
42.carry 用法:carry表示搬運;carry on表示進行;堅持下去;carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性,可以表示隨身攜帶。
43.case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣,即in case sb. should do的形式。
44.catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法:集合名詞,動詞要用復數形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
46.chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
47.change 用法:change A for B表示用A換成B;change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞,表示零錢時不可數。
48.class 用法:集合名詞,謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課,in the class表示在班上。
49.close 用法:動詞表示關閉;形容詞表示親密的;副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近,而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
50.clothes 用法:復數名詞,謂語動詞用復數,不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
51. buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞,不能表示買的時間長短。
52. but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎,差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,後面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導的並列句,前倒後不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
53. by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,經由。by reason of 由於。by 引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。
54. call 用法: call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call
Note: call at後面跟地點;call on 後面跟人。
55. care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用於否定句;care for表示關心,喜愛,常用於肯定句。
56. carry 用法:carry表示搬運;carry on表示進行;堅持下去;carry out表示執行。
Note: carry沒有方向性,可以表示隨身攜帶。
57. case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case後面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣,即in case sb. should do的形式。
58. catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
59. cattle 用法:集合名詞,動詞要用復數形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。
60. chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance後面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。
61. change 用法:change A for B表示用A換成B;change A into B 表示把A變成B。
Note: 表示變化時是可數名詞,表示零錢時不可數。
62. charge用法:charge sb. with (doing) sth. that… , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $
Note: in charge of 負責; in the charge of 由某人負責(表示的是被動的)。
63. class 用法:集合名詞,謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
Note: in class表示在上課,in the class表示在班上。
64. clear用法:clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that…
Note: clear up 及物時表示「澄清,整理,收拾」;不及物表示「晴朗起來,開朗起來」。
65. close 用法:動詞表示關閉;形容詞表示親密的;副詞表示靠近。
Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近,而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。
66. clothes 用法:復數名詞,謂語動詞用復數,不能加不定冠詞。
Note: 要用few或many來修飾。
67. collect 用法:collect stamps; collect one』s child from school
Note: a collect phone表示對方付費的電話。
68. come 用法:表示到說話者所處的地方來。常見短語有:come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。
Note: 可用作系動詞,表示變成,如:His dreams came true.
69. common 用法:表示普遍性,如:Smith is a common name.
Note: common sense表示常識;in common表示共同點。
70. compare 用法:compare…with…表示把……與……作比較;compare…to…表示把……比作……。
Note: 用作狀語時,二者都可以表示比較,如:Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.
71. consider用法:consider doing sth. / what to do / that...,consider sb. sth. 6123結構
Note: 該詞直接跟賓語用動名詞但可以用不定式作賓補;considering引導短語作狀語,表示「考慮到」
72. condition 用法:表示生活、工作等的條件或狀況。
Note: on condition that表示只要,條件狀語從句。
73. content 用法:be content with/to do
Note: 表語性形容詞,在句中只能作表語,不能作定語。
74. cost 用法:sth. cost sb. some money,只能用物作主語。
Note: 修飾cost要用副詞high或low.
75. cover 用法:be covered with表示狀態;be covered by表示動作。
Note: 反義詞uncover表示揭開蓋子;discover表示發現。
76. cross用法:cross off 劃掉,cross one』s mind, cross out, bear one』s cross 忍受痛苦
Note: 作形容詞一般用於be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.
77. crowd 用法:be crowded with
Note: 集合名詞,謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。
78. cure 用法:cure sb. of …
Note: cure 強調治癒,表示結果;而treat知表示動作。
79. cut 用法:cut down/up/off
Note: 作名詞時a short cut表示捷徑。
80. damage 用法:do damage to sb. = do sb. harm
Note: 表示損害的時候不可數,復數形式可以表示賠償費。
81. danger 用法:in danger表示處於危險的境地。
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數,表示具體危險時可數。
82. dare用法:作為情態動詞一般用於否定句,疑問句或者條件狀語從句;作為實意動詞後跟不定式。
Note: I dare say that….意為:我猜測,可能,或許。
83. dark 用法:before/after dark; in the dark
Note: 可以表示深色的,如:dark blue.
84. deal 用法:a great/good deal of修飾不可數名詞。
Note: 作動詞時構成短語deal with, 常與副詞how搭配。
85. defeat用法:及物動詞,後面的賓語是國家,隊,軍隊等名詞。
Note: 不能用人作賓語。
86. demand 用法:demand to do; demand that…, demand of sb. to do sth.
Note: 後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即:demand that sb. (should) do的形式。
87. depend用法:depend on sb./ sth. / one』s doing sth. / to do sth.
Note: depend 不及物動詞,常和on連用。意為「依靠,信賴」
88. desert 用法:名詞表示沙漠;動詞表示拋棄。
Note: 可以用過去分詞作表語或定語,表示廢棄的,如:a deserted house.
89. determine 用法:determine to do; determine sb. to do
Note: 過去分詞表示有決心的,可以說be determined to do sth. 決心做…(表示狀態)
90. devote 用法:devote oneself to; be devoted to
Note: 與devote搭配的to是介詞,後面接名詞或動名詞。如:His whole life was devoted to teaching.
91. die 用法:die of/from/for/out/ away
Note: 點動詞,不與for引起的時間狀語連用。
92. difficulty 用法:have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ;
Note: 表示一般概念時不可數,表示具體困難時可數。
93. disagree 用法:disagree with sb.
Note: disagree雖然在形式上有否定前綴,但並不是個否定詞。注意它的反義問句形式:He disagreed with you, didn』t he?
94. distance 用法:in the distance; at a distance
Note: 可用於引申含義,表示時間上或情感上的距離。
95. divide 用法:divide…into…表示把……分成幾份。強調分成等份。
Note: 可以表示除法,如:Nine divided by three is three.
96. do 用法:do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb.
Note: 主要用作及物動詞;不及物時表示「行」:If you have no pen, pencil will do.
97. doubt用法:doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubt
Note: 主句是否定句時賓語用that引導;主句是肯定句時賓語用whether / if引導。
98. downtown 用法:副詞,前面不加介詞,如:go downtown.
Note: 可用作定語,如:a downtown street.
99. draw 用法:draw a picture/the curtain
Note: 引申含義表示得出,如:draw a conclusion/lesson.
100. dream 用法:dream of/about/that…
Note: 可用同源詞構成短語:dream a dream. 一。動詞 :
1.現在進行時表將來時間
2.被動語態 (1一般將來時的被動語態的構成,2現在完成時的,3現在進行時的)
二: 直接引語和間接引語:
1.陳述句 (1人稱的變化,2時態的變化,3指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化)
2.疑問句
3.祈使句
三: 定語從句:
1.由關系代詞引導的定語從句
2.由關系副詞引導
3.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
高一(下)語法項目:
一: 情態動詞 (1 can;could 2 may;might 3.must;have to 4 shall;should 5will;would 6 ought 7.had better)
二:動詞-ing形式
三: 主語和謂語一致
四:it的用法 (1 用作人稱代詞 2 非人稱代詞 3 作形式主語或形式賓語 4 用於強調句中)
五:構詞法 (1.合成 2.轉換 3.派生) 詳細: http://wenku..com/view/5f155cfdc8d376eeaeaa3125.html希望能幫助你,望採納!
㈢ 高中英語語法知識點重點有哪些啊
高中英語語法知識重點:定語從句,名詞性從句,狀語從句,反意疑問句,名詞與主謂一致,情態動詞,非謂語動詞,虛擬語氣,省略和倒裝。
㈣ 人教版高中英語必修六,都有哪些語法知識點
必修六是選修教材,主要的語法項目有:1. 虛擬語氣; 2. 代詞「it"的用法;3. 復習「動詞+ing"的用法。
㈤ 蘇教版高一英語必修一語法知識點總結
一. 直接引語和間接引語 (一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內,間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態的變化:直接引語變為間接引語時,通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態,即把原來的時態向過去推,也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時,現在進行時變為過去進行時,等等。例如: Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」 →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化: 根據意義進行相應的變化,例如: She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」 →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,「These books are mine.」 →He said that those books were his. (二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如: She said,「Is your father at home?」 →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. 「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式,並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如: She said to us,「Please sit down.」 →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,「Go away!」 →He ordered him to go away. He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」 →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態的被動語態 被動語態概述 被動語態的概念:它是動詞的一種形式,表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態的構成 被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下: 1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如:Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如:These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如:Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t. 7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞 注意: 1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如:Their questions haven』t got answered. 2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如: More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語,其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如: The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別:「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構,與被動語態的形式完全一樣,所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞,多強調動作;系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞,多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者,而後者則不可以。例如: The map was changed by someone.(被動結構) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結構) 系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾,被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如: He was very excited.(系表結構) He was much excited by her words.(被動結構) 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如: These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 片語: add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 賓語補足語 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it』s because….. +原因 it』s why…. + 結果 dare + (to) do (實義動詞) do (情態動詞) a year and a half it』s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序數詞 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2片語: because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 謂語用單數 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定語從句 用who 1600』s 1980s in + 物主代詞 + 數字的復數 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名詞 (不加冠詞) the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3片語: prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it』s is / has been + 時間段 + since 從句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one』s mind make up one』s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4片語:right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陳述語氣/ 虛擬語氣 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5片語: of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one』s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one』s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 語法點1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表將來4. 定語從句: 只用that 的情況 只用who 的情況 只用which的情況 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介詞+ which/ whom which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句 插入語 I think I believe I guess I thought 間隔式定語從句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一種厭煩等語氣8. 強調句 it is + 被強調部分 + that 從句 It is not until + 時間 + that 從句 特殊疑問詞 + is it that 從句 9. 倒裝句 部分否定,含有否定詞的 hardly never little only seldom 等, 把情態動詞,be 動詞, 助動詞提到主語 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,從句用虛擬語氣, 用(should) do 。
㈥ 人教版高中英語必修五知識點及重要語法
時態(一般4,完成3,進行3)
語態(主,被)
非謂語
情態動詞
名詞性從句(主,賓,表,同位語)
定語從句
狀語從句
省略
倒裝
強調
主謂一致
虛擬語氣
呵呵,差不多就這些了
㈦ 高中英語必修一到必修四有哪些語法知識點,詳細歸納一下,謝謝
必修一到必修四的主要語法有:定語從句、時態語態、名詞性從句、情態動詞、非謂語和構詞法。
每個單元具體語法如下:
必修一
Unit 1 Friendship 直接引語和間接引語(1)陳述句和疑問句
Unit2 English around the world 直接引語和間接引語(2)請求與命令
Unit 3 Travel Journal 現在進行時表將來
Unit 4 Earthquake 定語從句(1)(that,which,who,和whose)
Unit5 Nelson Mandela 定語從句(關系代詞和關系副詞)
必修二
Unit 1 Cultural relics 定語從句(限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句)
Unit 2 The Olympic Games 一般將來時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit3 Computers 現在完成時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit4 Wildlife Protection 現在進行時的被動語態的結構與用法
Unit5 Music 定語從句(介詞+which)
必修三
Unit1 Festivals around the world 情態動詞(1)
Unit2 Healthy Eating 情態動詞(2)
Unit3 The million pound bank-note 賓語從句和表語從句
Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 主語從句
Unit5 Canada-「The true North」 同位語從句
必修四
Unit1 Women of achievement 主謂一致
Unit2 Working the land 動詞的-ing形式作主語和賓語
Unit3 A taste of English humour 動詞的-ing形式作表語定語和賓語補足語
Unit4 Body language 動詞的-ing形式作定語和狀語
Unit5 Theme Parks 構詞法
有幫助的話採納下哈O(∩_∩)O~
㈧ 高中英語語法知識點短語
不二選擇,推薦奧風英語的「「高 考語 法三 劍 客」,包括《高考語法完 全突破》視頻教回程,大綱答和練習,學記練三件配套使用,效果特佳,網路《 高 考語法完全 突破 》 即可在線收看,可以 先 搜來 看下。