A. 初中英語賓語從句里連接詞做主語的例句
we have to check what is in it
這不來還是陳述語自序嗎.it在這里是in的賓語,in it是介詞短語做表語.
比一比
we have checked out that the cat is in it
它們是一樣的結構
B. 新東方中學英語試講5分鍾，賓語從句怎麼講比較好
親：其實復就體現三點就行制。
陳述句 由連接詞that引導，that可以省略。
一般疑問句 由if/whethe引導，後面跟的是陳述語序。
特殊疑問句 由wh-詞引導，後面跟陳述語序。
每個要點給幾個有代表的例句，能實踐這個語法就行。
祝你成功！
望採納，thx!
C. 賓語從句所有連接詞例句 謝謝了！
簡單來說就3點。
一、當由陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：
She
said
that
she
would
leave
the
message
on
the
headmaster』s
desk.
He
said
that
he
could
finish
his
work
before
supper.
二、當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為"是否"。如：
Alice
wanted
to
know
if/whether
her
grandmother
liked
the
bag.
I
don』t
know
whether
he』ll
come
the
day
after
tomorrow.
但直接與or
not連用時,往往用whether如：
Let
me
know
whether
he
will
come
or
not.(=
Let
me
know
whether
or
not
he
will
come
)
I
don』t
know
whether
he
does
any
washing
or
not.(=
I
don』t
know
whether
or
not
he
does
any
washing.
)
I
wonder
whether
we
stay
or
whether
we
go.
三、如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的疑問詞引導。如：
Could
you
tell
me
where
we
will
have
the
meeting
this
afternoon?
I
don』t
know
who
bought
the
present
for
me.
Is
it
Jack?
D. 初中英語的語法總結,特別是現在完成時和賓語從句!!!!
現在完成時的用法
have(has)+過去分詞
1.現在完成時用來表示現在之前已發生活或完成的動作或狀態,但其結果卻和現在有聯系,也就是說,動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在.
I have lost my wallet.(含義是:現在我沒有錢花了.)
Jane has laid the table.(含義是:已可以吃飯了.)
Michael has been ill.(含義是:現在仍然很虛弱)
He has returned from abroad. (含義是:現在已在此地)
2. 現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的,持續到現在的情況,常與for,since連用.
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
3. 現在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等:
He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet
4. 現在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
5. 現在完成時還往往可以同包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等:
Peter has written six papers so far.
Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.
The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
Up to the present everything has been successful.
6. 現在完成時表示現在之前業已完成的動作,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續,但是有一些現在完成時的句子,在後面加上for+一段時間,則現在完成時的動作就表示延續性.
Thomas has studied Russian. (現在不再學俄語)
Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2點用法第一個例句)
7. 現在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現在這段時間內重復發生的動作.
We have had four texts this semester.
===================
現在完成時的「完成用法」和「未完成用法」
1.現在完成時的"完成用法"
現在完成時的"完成用法"指的是動作發生在過去某一時刻並已結束，但該動作對現在產生了影響，與現在情況具有因果關系。
例如：He has turned off the light.他已把燈關了。(動作結束於過去，但說明的是現在的情況--燈現在不亮了。)
現在完成時"完成用法"的特點是動作不延續，因此，該時態只能與表示不定的過去時間狀語(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、頻度時間狀語(如：never，ever，once等)、包括現在時刻在內的時間狀語(如：this morning ／ month ／year...，today等)連用。
例如： Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？
2.現在完成時的"未完成用法"
現在完成時的"未完成用法"指的是動作開始於過去某一時刻，一直延續到現在，或可能還要繼續下去。
例如：He has lived here since 1978.自從1978年以來，他一直住在這兒。(動作起始於1978年，一直住到現在，可能還要繼續住下去。)
I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部隊已經呆了五年多了。(動作開始於5年前，一直延續至今，有可能還要繼續下去。)
此種用法的句中常需一個表示一段時間的狀語(由since或for引導)，或表示與現在時刻相連的時間狀語(如：up to now，so far)等。
例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前為止我沒有他的任何消息。
注意：(1)現在完成時的未完成用法只適用於延續性動詞，不可用於終止性動詞，即瞬間完成或延續時間很短的動詞。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。
(2)現在完成時常見兩種句型：
①主語＋have / has been＋for短語
②It is＋一段時間＋ since從句
例如：He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入團已三年了
賓語從句，即：在主句中擔當賓語的從句。學習賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態。
連接詞一般都是that(指事務或人),which（指事）,who（指人）
1．從句為陳述句，常選擇連接詞that或將that省略，直接與主句相連。
2．從句為一般疑問句，常選擇連接詞if或whether。在whether…ornot結構中不能用if替換。
3．從句為特殊疑問句，常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代、副詞作連接詞。
注意：當who為主語時，句式為：who+謂語+其他三：判斷時態情況：
1。主句是一般現在時，從句為各種時態情況
2。主句是一般過去時，從句為各種相應過去時態注意：從句描繪客觀事實，用一般現在時。
賓語從句與中考試題
學習賓語從句並不難，只要你能過好下面的三道關：
第一關，選好連接詞（也有人叫關聯詞）。
引導賓語從句的連接詞，課本上寫有三類，但從學習的角度看分為四類更為實用。
1．連詞that：只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞彙意義，在口語中或非正式文體中常被省略。例如： 1）He knew（that）he should work hard．
2）I am glad（that）you've passed the exam．
2．連詞whether或if：它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作「是否」解，口語中多用if。例如： 3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？
4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．
作「是否」解的if和whether在具體用法上差別較大，同學們不易掌握。在賓語從句中用whether沒有用if時受到那麼多限制。例如：
5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．他問我是否要來。（該句中的whether不能換成if，因為if不能與or連用。）
3．連接代詞who，whom ，whose，what， which：它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意義。例如：
6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武漢市）（which引導賓語從句，在從句中作定語，修飾class，意為「哪個」。）
7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）
4．連接副詞when，where， why，how：起連接作用，分別作時間、地點、原因、方式狀語，各有其自己的意義。例如：
8）I wonder where he got so much money．對他從哪裡弄到那麼多錢我感到疑惑。（where在從句中作地點狀語，修飾got，意為「哪裡；什麼地方」。）
9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引導賓語從句，作程度狀語，修飾old，意為「怎樣；如何」等意。）
第二關，牢記賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序，即「連接詞＋主語＋謂語＋其他」。這里特別強調的是，它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述句的語序，不是疑問句的倒裝語序。例如： 10）You must remember what your teacher said．
11）—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？
—In half an hour．（寧波市）
12）漢譯英：你能不能告訴我，我們去看望誰？
誤：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？
正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？
錯句的錯誤出在賓語從句中誤用了疑問句的結構——主語前加了個助動詞do。因為我們已經習慣了特殊疑問句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就順口說出「Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris？」這種錯誤句子來。但是一旦我們注意了，我們不久就習慣於說「Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？」了。
第三關，注意時態的呼應。 賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態，常常受主句謂語時態的制約，這種現象稱為「時態的呼應」。例如：
13）漢譯英：我原以為你今天有空的。 誤：I thought（that）you are free today．
正：I thought（that）you would be free today．
錯句中賓語從句用are很可能是因為有 today，但因為主句謂語是thought，所以從句謂語就該用過去將來時would be了。
這種時態的呼應，如果主句謂語是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的謂語時態不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句時態是過去時，賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應的過去時（即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等）。例如： 14）He thought he was working for the people．
15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．
16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．
但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恆真理等，則不變化：
17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun．
鞏固與檢測請做下列2002年中考題：
1．In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book．（北京市東城區）
A．that B．how C．what D．if
2．—I don't know _____ Mr．Green will come to see us．
—He will help us with our English．（杭州市）
A．why B．when C．how D．where
3．—We never know _____ the old m an is． —They say he is a teacher. A．what B．who C．which D．where
4．I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers． A．that how B．how that C．when that D．that when
5．—Do you know _____ ？I'm going to see him． —Sorry，I don't know．（北京市海淀區） A．where does Mr．Li live B．where did Mr．Li live
C．where Mr．Li lives D．where Mr．Li lived
6．—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer？
—Sorry，I have no idea．（南京市）
A．／；bought B．has；bought C．did；buy D．does；buy
7．I don't feel very well．Mum asked me _____this morning．（重慶市）
A. what the matter is B．what is wrong
C．what the matter was D．what wrong was
8．—Where is Jack？
—He is away to spend his holiday．He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but I'm not sure _____ ．（南昌市）
A．that B．which C．where D．there
Key: 賓語從句與中考試題 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
如還有任何疑問，可以發電子郵件給我：[email protected]
E. 初二英語賓語從句講解
在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
1．語序
無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即「主句＋連詞＋賓語從句（主語＋謂語＋……）」句式。根據連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：
1）連接詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什麼東西？
2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他問我們班上誰的書法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老師問我們房間里有多少人。
3）連接詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充當任何成分）等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？
4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個班嗎？
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
2．連接詞
1）當由陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。
2）當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為「是否」。如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道這么多年後他是否還住在這兒。
但在下列情況下只能用whether：
①在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）讓我知道他是否能來。
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我們是去還是留。
②在介詞之後用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。
④whether置於句首時，不能換用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say．這是否真的我說不上來。
⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能來還是個問題。
The question is whether we can catch the bus．問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。
⑥若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解為：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。
b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我。
3）如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告訴我今天早上你為什麼開會遲到嗎？
3．時態
含賓語從句的復合句，主、從句謂語動詞的時態呼應應包括以下三點內容：
1）如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時，從句的謂語動詞可根據需要，選用相應的任何時態。如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他將何時回來。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
2）如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據需要，選用過去時態即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子們不知道他是誰。
②He asked his father how it happened．他問他父親這件事是如何發生的。
3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現象或習慣性動作等，不管主句用什麼時態，從句時態都用一般現在時。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老師說地球繞著太陽轉。
4．注意：
if和when既可以引導賓語從句，也可以引導狀語從句，應注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導賓語從句時，分別意為「是否」和「何時」，其時態應和主句時態相呼應；它們引導狀語從句時，意思分別為「如果，假如」和「當……時候」，當主句時態是一般將來時時，其時態用一般現在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什麼時候回來嗎？
—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．對不起，不知道。當他回來了，我將告訴你。
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否會來。
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他會來的。
簡化賓語從句常用六法
同學們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復合句轉化為簡單句，使其與原句意思相同（或相近）的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法：
方法一：當主句謂語動詞是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。例如：
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二：當主句謂語動詞是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
註：當主句謂語動詞是tell， ask， show， teach等動詞，且後帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：當主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為「名詞（代詞）+不定式」結構。例如：
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些動詞後的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn』t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn』t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五：某些動詞後面的賓語從句可轉化為「賓語+V-ing形式（作賓語補足語）」結構。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：動詞seem後的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉化。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
初中英語賓語從句語法專項精選試題
習題(一)
1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
答案:1-5 A D C B C
習題(二)
1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty
A. who B. what C. when D. that
2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
4 She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
7. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
答案:1-7 C B B A A A C
習題(三)
1. They don't know their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
2. Please tell me ______what last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked
3. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
4. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
5 Did you know ____
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
6 Could you tell me ___
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
答案:1-6 B D B A A C
習題(四)
1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市東城區)
A. that B. how C. whatD. if
2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)
A. why B. when C. how D. where
3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.
—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)
A. what B. who C. which D. where
4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重慶市)
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.
—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀區)
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer
—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)
A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重慶市)
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what wrong was
8. —Where is Jack
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)
A. that B. which C. where D. there
答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
F. 英語中，賓語從句的連接詞有哪些
1.
賓（精）語從句引導詞
賓語從句的引導詞有三類：
(1)
以that
引導的賓語從句，這里that只在（銳）從句中起聯接作用，不在句中充當語法成分，
that可以省略。
eg,
The
radio
says
(that)
the
clouds
will
lift
later
on.
She
told
me
(that)
she
would
like
to
go
with
us.
(2) 以連接代詞which,
what,
who等或連接副詞how,
where,
when,
why
等引導的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序,
但是當連接詞做主語時，仍是疑問語序。
eg,
I
want
to
know
how
soon
it
will
begin.
Could
you
tell
me
what's
the
matter
with
you?
I
don』t
know
who
invented
the
map.
(3)
以
whether
或
if
引導的賓語從句,
主要用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序
eg.
I
wonder
if
/whether
you
have
told
the
news
to
Li
Lei
.
G. 賓語從句連接詞用法
that
+
賓語從句
表
陳述一件事情
I
think
,consider,
believe,
admit
that
sth
happened,
somebody
did
sth
what
什麼
I
don't
know
what
you
are
trying
to
show
干什麼
which
哪一個
I
am
confused
which
girl
I
should
choose.
whom
I
need
to
know
whom
I
should
ask.人稱代詞，賓格，在賓語從句中做賓語從句的賓語
why
為何
I
was
not
aware
why
this
happedn
how
Let
me
know
how
this
come
up
with.
怎樣
H. 初中英語賓語從句練習附講解
在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
1．語序
無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即「主句＋連詞＋賓語從句（主語＋謂語＋……）」句式。根據連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：
1）連接詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什麼東西？
2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他問我們班上誰的書法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老師問我們房間里有多少人。
3）連接詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充當任何成分）等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？
4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個班嗎？
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
2．連接詞
1）當由陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。
2）當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為「是否」。如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道這么多年後他是否還住在這兒。
但在下列情況下只能用whether：
①在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）讓我知道他是否能來。
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我們是去還是留。
②在介詞之後用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。
④whether置於句首時，不能換用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say．這是否真的我說不上來。
⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能來還是個問題。
The question is whether we can catch the bus．問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。
⑥若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解為：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。
b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我。
3）如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告訴我今天早上你為什麼開會遲到嗎？
3．時態
含賓語從句的復合句，主、從句謂語動詞的時態呼應應包括以下三點內容：
1）如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時，從句的謂語動詞可根據需要，選用相應的任何時態。如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他將何時回來。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
2）如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據需要，選用過去時態即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子們不知道他是誰。
②He asked his father how it happened．他問他父親這件事是如何發生的。
3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現象或習慣性動作等，不管主句用什麼時態，從句時態都用一般現在時。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老師說地球繞著太陽轉。
4．注意：
if和when既可以引導賓語從句，也可以引導狀語從句，應注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導賓語從句時，分別意為「是否」和「何時」，其時態應和主句時態相呼應；它們引導狀語從句時，意思分別為「如果，假如」和「當……時候」，當主句時態是一般將來時時，其時態用一般現在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什麼時候回來嗎？
—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．對不起，不知道。當他回來了，我將告訴你。
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否會來。
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他會來的。
簡化賓語從句常用六法
同學們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復合句轉化為簡單句，使其與原句意思相同（或相近）的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法：
方法一：當主句謂語動詞是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。例如：
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二：當主句謂語動詞是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
註：當主句謂語動詞是tell， ask， show， teach等動詞，且後帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：當主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為「名詞（代詞）+不定式」結構。例如：
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些動詞後的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn』t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn』t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五：某些動詞後面的賓語從句可轉化為「賓語+V-ing形式（作賓語補足語）」結構。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：動詞seem後的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉化。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
初中英語賓語從句語法專項精選試題
習題(一)
1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
答案:1-5 A D C B C
習題(二)
1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty
A. who B. what C. when D. that
2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
4 She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
7. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
答案:1-7 C B B A A A C
習題(三)
1. They don't know their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
2. Please tell me ______what last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked
3. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
4. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
5 Did you know ____
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
6 Could you tell me ___
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
答案:1-6 B D B A A C
習題(四)
1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市東城區)
A. that B. how C. whatD. if
2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)
A. why B. when C. how D. where
3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.
—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)
A. what B. who C. which D. where
4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重慶市)
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.
—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀區)
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer
—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)
A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重慶市)
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what wrong was
8. —Where is Jack
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)
A. that B. which C. where D. there
答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
I. 初中英語語法（句子結構）
初中英抄語一般就學簡單句，到了初襲三才會有個賓語從句。
簡單句型有五類：(狀語和定語位置是不固定的，要看修飾的詞的位置在哪裡）
1.主語+謂語（謂語動詞為不及物動詞）
如：Your phone rang just now.
2.主語+謂語+賓語
如：I like you.
3.主語+謂語+賓語+賓補
如：I saw some boys playing football on the ground.
4.主語+謂語+雙賓（直接賓語和間接賓語）
如：I gave him a book.(人是間接賓語）
5.主語+系動詞+表語
如：This meat tastes good.