⑴ 九年級上冊英語第五單元語法總結
On Saturday evenmg after buying something in a shop, mum and I walked along a path back home. Then I found a lawn, beside the path. If walking across the lawn we would arrive home quickly. Thinking of this, I looked around. Seeing few people coming, I strode into the lawn. But I heard mum calling me back at once. I said to mum , "We can quickly get home by crossing it," pointing to the opposite. Mum seriously said, "The lawn is used to beautify the surroundings. You should take good care of it. And can such tender grass bear your stepping?"
Hearing Mum』s words, my face turned red. I admitted my fault and walked home along the path.
星期六傍晚，我和媽媽在購物後沿著小路回家。然後我發現了一個草坪旁邊的路徑。如果穿過草坪，我們就會很快到家。想到這，我向四周看了看。看到沒人過來，我踏進了草地。但我馬上聽到媽媽叫我回來。我指著對面對媽媽說，「我們可以很快通過它回家」。媽媽嚴肅地說，「草坪是用來美化環境。你應該照顧好它。這么嬌嫩的草能承受你踩嗎？」
聽了媽媽的話，我的臉變紅了。我承認我錯了，然後我們沿著小路向家走去。
⑵ 初三英語1到3單元語法復習提綱。
九年級英語各單元知識點小結
Unit1
1. by + doing 通過……方式 如：by studying with a group
by 還可以表示：「在…旁」、「靠近」、「在…期間」、「用」 、「經過」、「乘車」等
如：I live by the river.
I have to go back by ten o』clock.
The thief entered the room by the window.
The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about 談論，議論，討論
如：The students often talk about movie after class. 學生們常常在課後討論電影。
talk to sb. = talk with sb. 與某人說話
3. 提建議的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don』t you + do sth.? 如：Why don』t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let』s + do sth. 如： Let』s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
4. a lot 許多 常用於句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。
5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too + adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I』m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什麼都不想說。
6. aloud, loud與loudly的用法
三個詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關。
①aloud是副詞,重點在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動詞之後。aloud沒有比較級形式。
如: He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。
②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時,常與speak, talk, laugh等動詞連用,多用於比較級,須放在動詞之後。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說大聲一點。
③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時兩者可替換使用,但往往含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位於動詞之前或之後。
如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當眾大聲談笑。
7. not …at all 一點也不 根本不
如：I like milk very much. I don』t like coffee at all. 我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點也不喜歡咖啡。
not經常可以和助動詞結合在一起，at all 則放在句尾。
8. be / get excited about sth.
= be / get excited about doing sth.
= be excited to do sth. 對…感到興奮
如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.
=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對去北京感到興奮。
9. ① end up doing sth 終止做某事，結束做某事 如：
The party ended up singing. 晚會以唱歌而結束。
② end up with sth. 以…結束 如：
The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
10. first of all 首先
. to begin with 一開始
later on 後來、隨後
11. also 也、而且（用於肯定句）常在句子的中間（實義動詞之前，be動詞之後）
either 也（用於否定句）常在句末
too 也 (用於肯定句) 常在句末
12. make mistakes 犯錯 如：I often make mistakes. 我經常犯錯。
make a mistake 犯一個錯誤 如I have made a mistake. 我已經犯了一個錯誤。
13. laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑（某人） 如：Don』t laugh at me! 不要取笑我!
14. take notes 做筆記，做記錄
15. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做…樂意做…
如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。
enjoy oneself 過得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過得很愉快。
16. native speaker 說本族語的人
17. make up 組成、構成
18. one of +(the+ 形容詞最高級)+名詞復數形式 …其中之一
如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受歡迎的教師之一。
19. It』s +形容詞+(for sb. ) to do sth. (對於某人來說)做某事…
如：It』s difficult (for me ) to study English. 對於我來說學習英語太難了。
句中的it 是形式主語，真正的主語是to study English
20. practice doing 練習做某事 如：
She often practice speaking English. 她經常練習說英語。
21. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 如：
Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經決定去北京。
22. unless 假如不，除非 引導條件狀語從句
如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你會失敗。
I won』t write unless he writes first. 除非他先寫要不我不寫
23. deal with 處理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.
24. worry about sb./ sth. 擔心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about his son just now. 媽媽剛才很擔心他的兒子。
25. be angry with sb. 對某人生氣 如：I was angry with her. 我對她生氣。
26. perhaps = maybe 也許
27. go by (時間) 過去 如： Two years went by. 兩年過去了。
28. see sb. / sth. doing 看見某人正在做某事 強調動作正在發生
see sb. / sth. do 看見某人在做某事
如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看見他正在教室里畫畫。
29. each other 彼此
30. regard…as … 把……看作為……
如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜了。
31. too many 許多 修飾可數名詞復數 如：too many girls
too much 許多 修飾不可數名詞 如：too much milk
much too 太 修飾形容詞 如：much too beautiful
32. change…into… 將……變為……
如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 這個魔術師將鋼筆變為一本書。
33. with the help of sb. = with one』s help 在某人的幫助下
如：with the help of Li Lei = with Li Lei』s help 在李雷的幫助下
34. compare …to … 把……與……相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比，你是幸運的。
35. instead 代替 用在句末，副詞（字面上常不譯出來）
instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，做動詞
如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I』m going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去了北京, 今年我將要去上海。
I will go instead of you. 我將代替你去。
He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家裡而不是去游泳。
Unit2
1. used to do sth. 過去常常做某事
否定形式： didn』t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如：He used to play football after school. 放學後他過去常常踢足球。
Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn』t.
He didn』t use to smoke. 他過去不吸煙。
2. 反意疑問句
①肯定陳述句＋否定提問 如：Lily is a student, isn』t she?
Lily will go to China, won』t she?
②否定陳述句＋肯定提問 如：She doesn』t come from China, does she?
You haven』t finished homework, have you?
③提問部分用代詞而不用名詞如：Lily is a student, isn』t she?
④陳述句中含有否定意義的詞，如little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑問句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he? 他一點也不懂英語，不是嗎？ They hardly understood it, did they? 他們幾乎不明白，不是嗎？
3. play the piano 彈鋼琴
4. ①be interested in sth. 對…感興趣
②be interested in doing sth. 對做…感興趣
如：He is interested in math, but he isn』t interested in speaking English. 他對數學感興趣，但是他對說英語不感興趣。
5. interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對某事物感興趣，往往主語是人
interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語往往是物
6. still 仍然，還：
①用在be 動詞的後面 如：I』m still a student.
②用在行為動詞的前面 如：I still love him.
7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗
8. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
9. on 副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機械等）在運轉中/打開，其反義詞off.
with the light on 燈開著
10. walk to somewhere 步行到某處 walk to school 步行到學校
11. spend 動詞，表示「花費金錢、時間」
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花費（金錢、時間）
②spend…doing sth. 花費（金錢、時間）去做某事 如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他在衣著上花費了太多的時間。
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費了三個月去建這座橋。
pay for 花費 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元買這本書。
12. take 動詞 有「花費」的意思 常用的結構有：
It take sb. some time to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.
take … to do sth.
13. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊 如：I like to chat with him. 我喜歡和他聊天。
14. worry about sb./ sth. 擔心某人/某事 worry 是動詞
be worried about sb./sth. 擔心某人/某事 worried 是形容詞
如：Don』t worry about him. 不用擔心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔心他的兒子。
15. all the time 一直、始終
16. take sb. to + 地方 送/帶某人去某個地方 如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一個人把他送到了醫院。
Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒有
17. hardly ever 很少
hardly 修飾動詞時，通常放在助動詞、情態動詞之後，實義動詞之前:
助動詞/情態動詞＋hardly
hardly + 實義動詞
如：I can hardly understand them. 我幾乎不能夠明白他們。
I hardly have time to do it. 我幾乎沒有時間去做了。
18. miss v. 思念、想念、 錯過
19. in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內 常與完成時連用
如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內我在中國住。
20. be different from 與…不同
21. how to swim 怎樣游泳
不定式與疑問詞連用：動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導的疑問句連用，構成不定式短語。如：
The question is when to start. 問題是什麼時候開始。
I don』t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
22. make sb./ sth. + 形容詞 make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 動詞原形 make him laugh
23. move to +地方 搬到某地 如：I moved to Beijing last year.
24. it seems that +從句 看起來好像…… 如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起來他好像變了許多。
25. help sb. with sth. 幫某人某事She helped me with English. 她幫助我學英語。
help sb. (to ) do sth. 幫某人做某事 如：She helped me (to) study English。 她幫助我學習英語。
26. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞 15歲的
fifteen-year-olds 作名詞 指15歲的人
fifteen years old 指年齡 15歲 如：
a fifteen-year-old boy 一個15歲的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15歲的人喜歡唱歌。
I am fifteen years old . 我是15歲。
27.支付不起… can』t /couldn』t afford to do sth.
can』t / couldn』t afford sth.
如：I can』t/couldn』t afford to buy the car.
I can』t/couldn』t afford the car. 我買不起這輛小車。
28. as + 形容詞/副詞＋as sb. could/can/possible 盡可能……的 如：
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 周盡可能快的在跑。
29. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩
30. in the end 最後
31. make a decision 下決定 下決心
32. to one』s surprise 令某人驚訝的是 如：
to their surprise 令他們驚訝的是 to Li Lei』s surprise令李雷驚訝的是
33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪
34. pay attention to sth. 對…注意，留心 如：
You must pay attention to your friend. 你應該多注意你的朋友。
35. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如：She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。
36. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事 如：
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經戒煙了。
37.不再 ①no more = no longer 如：
I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打網球。
②not …any more = not …any longer 如：
I don』t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打網球。
38. go to sleep 入睡
Unit3
1.語態：
①英語有兩種語態：主動語態和補動語態
主動語態表示是動作的執行者
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者
Cats eat fish. （主動語態）貓吃魚。
Fish is eaten by cats. (被動語態) 魚被貓吃。
②被動語態的構成
由「助動詞be ＋及物動詞的過去分詞」構成
助動詞be 有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be 作為連系動詞時完全一樣。
時態 被動語態結構 例句
一般現在 時 am
are +過去分詞
is English is spoken in many countries.
一般過去 時 was +過去分詞
were + 過去分詞 This bridge was built in 1989.
情 態
動 詞 can/should
may +be+過去分詞
must/… The work must be done right now.
③被動語態的用法
當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者，或者只需強調動作的承受者時，要用被動語態。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動語態）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。
be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動語態）如：
Lily is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
讓/使（別人）做某事 get sth. done (過去分詞)
have sth. done (過去分詞)
如：I get my car mended. = I have my car mended. 我讓別人修好我的車
4. enough 足夠
形容詞＋enough 如：beautiful enough 足夠漂亮
enough＋名詞 如：enough food 足夠食物
enough to 足夠…去做…
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。
She is old enough to go to school. 她夠大去讀書了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.請停止說話。
stop to do sth. 停止下來去做其他事 Please stop to speak. 請停下來去說話。
6. 看起來好像…sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +從句
He seems to feel very sad.=It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。
7. 系動詞不能獨立作謂語，要和表語一起構成謂語。常用的連系動詞有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。連系動詞除be 和become 等少數詞可接名詞作表語外，一般都是接形容詞。 如：
They are very happy. He became a doctor (n.)two years ago. She felt very tired.
8. 倒裝句:
由so＋助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態動詞＋主語 意為：…也是一樣
She is a student. So am I. 她是一個學生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he. 她將去學校，他也是。
9. yet 仍然，還 常用在否定句或疑問句當中
10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經常熬夜到12點。
11. clean up 打掃 整理 如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經打掃完了卧室。
12. 程度副詞：
always總是 usually經常 sometimes有時 never從不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我總是/經常/有時/從不上學遲到。
13. 曾經做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. /No, I don』t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. /No, I haven』t.
14. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
15. be strict with sb. 對某人嚴厲 如：Mother is strict with her son. 媽媽對她的兒子很嚴厲。
be strict in sth. 對某（事）物要求嚴格
16. take the test 參加考試
pass the test 通過考試
fail the test 考試失敗
17. the other day 前幾天
18. agree 同意 反義詞 disagree不同意 動詞
agreement 同意 反義詞 disagreement 不同意 名詞
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容詞 使某人/某物保持…… 如：
We should keep our city clean.我們應該保持我們的城市干凈。
19. both…and…+動詞
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play basketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向某人學習(什麼) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學習英語
21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機會做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有機會做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少 at most 最多
24. 花費 take ,cost, spend , pay
sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) … The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +時間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off
26. reply to 答復某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙 如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學習。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 與think of 的區別
①當兩者譯為： 認為、想起、記著時，兩者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我經常想起那天。
②think about 還有「考慮」之意 ，think of 想到、想出時兩者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最後他想出了一個好主意。
We are thinking about going to Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。
31. 對… 熱衷， 對…興趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。
be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。
32. practice doing 練習做某事 She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 關心某人 如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也 用於句中 I am also a student. 我也是一個學生
either也 用於否定句且用於句末 I am a student too. 我也是一個學生。
too 也 用於肯定句且用於句末 I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學生。
希望對你有所幫助！
⑶ 初三英語1到7單元語法知識要點
你是哪個版本的？外研版還是人教版
⑷ 求：初三上冊英語1-5單元知識點。。
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 記得採納O(∩_∩)O哈！
九年級英語復習---語法講解（1-7單元）
Unit1
By是個很常用的介詞（有時也用作副詞），在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種： 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲？ 3.表示方法、手段，可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激，於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用，說明接觸身體的某一部分。如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中，表示行為主體，常譯作「被」、「由」等。如： English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。（即「許多人講英語。」） 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」，常做插入語。如： By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下，李平在哪兒。你知道嗎？ 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如： I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後，越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing，相當於名詞，在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1）★作主語（這種用法常考）
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2）作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎？3）作表語Babysister』s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服，作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used這個詞沒有人稱的變化，to後面接動詞原形。
否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒？
（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語，而用didn』t ＋ 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙，是嗎？Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。
（3）used to 表示過去的習慣動作， 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用，描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員，但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short.馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態，人稱和數的變化，其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化： 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例，列表說明被動語態的句式變化：
二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下： 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的，be是什麼時態，全句就是什麼時態，be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。一般現在時的被動語態為：主＋am / is / are （not）＋過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態為：主＋was / were ＋過去分詞
例如：我們學過的was / were born 生於，就是一個被動語態.born是個過去分詞（bear）－When were you born ? －I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋is / am / are + being ＋過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋have / has ＋been ＋過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語＋will ＋be ＋過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語＋would / should + be ＋過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語＋was / were + being ＋過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語＋had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法：（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰，不用by＋動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
（2）強調動作的承受者，這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
（3）作客觀說明時，常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是：（1）把原句中的賓語變為主語（2）動詞改為被動形式，即be+過去分詞（3）原來的主語，如果需要的話，放在by後面，如果沒必要，可省略。請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou． They use this key for locking the classroom door．Many people speak English．He wrote a letter．They are building a road． Trains are made in Zhuzhou．This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them)．English is spoken by many people．A letter was written by him．A road is being built (by them)．
Unit4
虛擬語氣：如果我們所說的不是事實，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意：條件句分兩種，真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實）條件句中，才用虛擬語氣，而在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。
請比較：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好，我們將會去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的，並非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實條件句。在本句中，適用「主將從現。」
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，「如果我是你」，但事實上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設的情況，沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時，就需要用虛擬語氣來表示，動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時，從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」，引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時，be動詞只能用were，而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦？」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 ：get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
「if」引導的條件句。
Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can』t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑問句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √
√
√
√
can』t
can ★ √
√
1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary』s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali』s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda』s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can』t be John』s. (不可能)
It』s much too small for him.
練習：1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can』t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That』s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can』t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn』t B. shouldn』t C. can』t D. may not
Unit6
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時，有如下要點：
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用，又在從句中充當一個成分，因此， 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能，如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時，關系代詞可用who（做主語，賓語），that（做主語，賓語），whom（作賓語），whose（作定語）
3 當先行詞指物時，關系代詞可用that（做主語，賓語），which（做主語，賓語）
4 再定語從句中，作賓語的關系代詞長可省略，但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時，介詞後只用whom，指物時，介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中，指人時，只用who，指物時，只用which。
1．定語從句中that與who、which的區別
2．定語從句中關系詞的省略
典型例題
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
解析：指事物的先行詞前有序數詞修飾時，只能用關系代詞that。故本題的正確答案是D。
2. I don』t think history is as interesting as English.（改為同義詞）
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析：答案是：less; than。意思是「我認為歷史不如英語有趣」。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.（改為同義句）
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析：讀題後可知：上句含義是「戴帽子的那個婦女旭我的媽媽」，對應下句，可知空格處應填「戴」，故正確答案是in。
選擇填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike．
A．which B．what C．who D．／
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice．
A．which B．what C．／ D．who
3. I』m one of the students _______well in English in my class．
A．who does B．who do C．which does D．who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A．that B．where C．which D．the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us．
A．what B．which C．why D．that
Unit7
表達意願的幾個基本句子
a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案：a. I hope to b. I』d like to c. I』d love to d. I want to
She would like to go to New York. （對劃線部分提問）
答案：Where would she like to go?
注意：where在本句中為副詞，go後面不能再加to，而Which city would she like to go to? 中which為代詞。
九年級英語復習---語法講解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種：
1.動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞，後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時，謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有：
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
⑸ 初三英語1~7單元語法
九上Unit1教學語法點
A:
語態是動詞的一種形式，它用來表示句中主語同謂語動詞之間的關系。
英語有兩種語態， 主動語態和被動語態， 主動語態表示主語是謂語動詞動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。例如：
I have repaired the radio.
我修好了收音機。
The radio has been repaired.
收音機被修好了。
The students cleaned the classroom.
學生們打掃了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by the students.
教室被學生們打掃了。
被動語態的構成：
be + 過去分詞
A building was damaged by the storm.
暴風雨毀壞了一座建築物。
Our plate was made in China.
我們的盤子是中國生產的。
My bike was stolen.
我的自行車被盜了。
常用的被動語態的時態變化如下，以 ask 為例：
一般 進行 完成
現在I am asked, I am being asked, I have been asked
過去I was asked,I was being asked,I had been asked
將來I shall be asked, I shall have been asked
過去將來I shall be asked
被動語態的疑問句是把助動詞提前到句首。
Has your TV set been repaired?
你的電視機修了嗎？
Was the kite broken?
風箏破了嗎？
Has the work been done?
工作結束了嗎？
被動語態的否定式是在助動詞後面加 not.
The letter has not been sent out.
信還沒有發出去。
The little boy has not been found out.
小孩還沒有找到。
The cap has not been mended yet.
帽子還沒有補好。
Their money has not been sent to them.
他們的錢還沒有送到他們手中。
被動語態的用法：
被動語態表示一種主語和謂語之間的關系，當主語是動作的承受者時， 就需要用到被動語態，漢語中所說的，「汽車被撞壞了」「鋼筆被修好了」 等句子就是一種被動語態的句子，在漢語中常用「被」「由」等詞來表示這種被動語態。在英語中則用動詞的被動語態形式來表示。被動語態中還可用 by 短語加在句後表示被動語態中動作的發出者。也就是謂語動詞動作的邏輯上的主語，被動語態常用在下列情況。
1) 不知道誰是謂語動詞動作的執行者時，或者沒有必要說出誰是執行者時。
The glass was broken last night.
玻璃昨天被打破了。
His bike has been stolen.
他的自行車被偷了。
He was asked to go there once more.
他被要求再去那兒一次。
The bag was put into the box.
袋子放在了箱子里。
2) 為了強調或突出動作的承受者時。
The plan has been sent to the headmaster.
計劃已經送給校長了。
Kilinton was elected the President of U.S.A.
柯林頓被選為美國總統。
Five people were hurt in the explosion.
五個人在這次爆炸中受傷。
A new building was set up in a short time.
新大樓短期就建成了。
3) 被動語態也可以說出動作的執行者，構成如下：
動作承受者 + be + 過去分詞 + by + 動作執行者。
The picture was praised by everybody.
照片得到了大家的好評。
The classroom was cleaned by us.
教室被我們打掃過。
The bridge was built by workers from Shanxi.
這座橋是山西的工人建的。
The little boy was found by the police.
小孩被警察找到了。
有關被動語態的幾個問題：
1) "be + 過去分詞" 並非都是被動語態，系動詞 be, feel, seem,look,等詞後面的過去分詞已轉化為形容詞，作表語用，表示某種狀態。
I'm interested in mathematics.
我對數學感興趣。
He seems unsatisfied with his work.
他看起來對他的工作不滿意。
We are determined to catch up with the developed countries.
我們決心要趕上發達國家。
The song is called "Don't forget me".
歌曲的名字叫「勿忘我」。
某些動詞用主動語態來表示被動含義。
The food tastes good.
食物很香。
It smells strange.
這有怪味。
The stone feels very cold.
石頭摸起來很冷。
The woman's clothes sell well.
女裝賣的快。
3) 一般情況下，及物動詞才能構成被動語態，但有些不及物動片語成短語後，也可構成被動語態。
He was looked down upon because of his egoism.
他因自私而受人冷落。
The children were taken good care of in the the orphanage.
孩子們在孤兒院受到了良好的照顧。
⑹ 新目標九年級英語1至15單元語法短語
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詳見：http://hi..com/cancanone/blog/item/5847e61014e62009972b439e.html
⑺ 新目標九年級英語1-5單元有什麼重點語法
By是個很常用的介詞（有時也用作副詞），在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種： 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲？ 3.表示方法、手段，可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激，於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用，說明接觸身體的某一部分。如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中，表示行為主體，常譯作「被」、「由」等。如： English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。（即「許多人講英語。」） 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」，常做插入語。如： By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下，李平在哪兒。你知道嗎？ 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如： I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後，越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing，相當於名詞，在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1）★作主語（這種用法常考）
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2）作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎？3）作表語Babysister』s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服，作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used這個詞沒有人稱的變化，to後面接動詞原形。
否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒？
（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語，而用didn』t ＋ 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙，是嗎？Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。
（3）used to 表示過去的習慣動作， 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用，描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員，但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short. 馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing. 愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法 英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態，人稱和數的變化，其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化： 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例，列表說明被動語態的句式變化：
二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下： 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的，be是什麼時態，全句就是什麼時態，be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。 一般現在時的被動語態為：主＋am / is / are （not）＋過去分詞 一般過去時的被動語態為：主＋was / were ＋過去分詞
例如： 我們學過的was / were born 生於，就是一個被動語態. born是個過去分詞（bear） －When were you born ? －I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋is / am / are + being ＋過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋have / has ＋been ＋過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語＋will ＋be ＋過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語＋would / should + be ＋過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語＋was / were + being ＋過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語＋had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法：（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰，不用by＋動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
（2）強調動作的承受者，這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
（3）作客觀說明時，常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是： （1）把原句中的賓語變為主語 （2）動詞改為被動形式，即be+過去分詞 （3）原來的主語，如果需要的話，放在by後面，如果沒必要，可省略。 請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou． They use this key for locking the classroom door．Many people speak English．He wrote a letter．They are building a road． Trains are made in Zhuzhou．This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them)．English is spoken by many people．A letter was written by him．A road is being built (by them)．
Unit4
虛擬語氣：如果我們所說的不是事實，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意：條件句分兩種，真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實）條件句中，才用虛擬語氣，而在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。
請比較：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好，我們將會去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的，並非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實條件句。在本句中，適用「主將從現。」
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，「如果我是你」，但事實上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設的情況，沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時，就需要用虛擬語氣來表示，動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時，從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」，引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時，be動詞只能用were，而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦？」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 ：get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
⑻ 初三英語1----5單元的基本詞彙 短語 語法。。。。 有的速度發！！ 謝謝！！！！
Unit 1
一、重點片語：
1.by making flashcards 通過做單詞抽認卡
2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3.read aloud 朗讀
4.that way (=in that way) 通過那種方式
5.improve my speaking skills
提高我的會話技巧
6.for example (=for instance)例如
7.have fun 玩得高興
8.have conversations with friends
與朋友對話
9.get excited 高興，激動
10.end up speaking in Chinese
以說漢語結束對話
11.do a survey about… 做有關…的調查
12.keep an English notebook 記英語筆記
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英語口語
14.make mistakes 犯錯誤
15.get the pronunciation right 使發音準確
16.practise speaking English 練習說英語
17.first of all 首先
18.begin with 以…開始
19.later on 隨後
20.in class在課堂上
21.laught at 嘲笑
22.take notes 記筆記
23.enjoy doing 喜歡干…
24.write down 寫下，記下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查詢
26.native speakers 說本族話的人
27.make up 編造，虛構，化妝，打扮
28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 對待，處理，解決
30.worry about (be worried about) 擔心，擔憂
31.be angry with 生某人的氣
32.stay angry 生氣
33.go by 消逝
34. regard…as… 把…當做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨
36. change…into… 把…變成… （= turn into）
37.with the help of 在…的幫助下
38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比較
39.think of (think about) 想起，想到
40.physical problems身體上的問題
41.break off 中斷，突然終止
42. not…at all 根本不，全然不
二、重點句子：
1. How do you study for a test? 你怎樣為考試做准備？
2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那種方法，我已經學到了很多東西。
3.It』s too hard to understand the voice. 聽懂那些聲音太難了。
4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 衛明有不同的感受。
6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他覺得看電影讓人感到沮喪.
7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.
她又說和朋友對話根本沒用。
8.I don』t have a partner to practice English with. 我沒有搭檔一起練習英語。
9.Later on, I realized that it doesn』t matter if you don』t understand every word.
隨後，我認識到聽不懂每個詞並沒有關系。
10.It』s amazing how much this helped. 我驚異於這些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher is very impressed. 給老師留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很難造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什麼？
14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英語對於大多數人來說是第二語言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我們怎樣處理我們的問題？
16.It is our ty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our ecation with the help
of our teachers.
在老師的幫助下盡我們最大的努力來應對挑戰是我們的責任。
17.He can』t walk or even speak.他無法走路，甚至無法說話
Unit 2
一、重點片語：
1. be more interested in 對…更感興趣.
2. on the swim team 游泳隊的隊員.
3. be terrified of 害怕.
4. gym class 體操課.
5. worry about. 擔心.
6. all the time 一直, 總是
7. chat with 與…閑聊
8. hardly ever 幾乎從不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by
bus 步行去學校
10. as well as 不僅…而且
11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩
12. make a decision 做出決定
13. to one』s surprise 使某人吃驚的是
14. take pride in 為…感到驕傲
15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…組成/構成.
be made up of 由…組成/構成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是
18. in the end 最後, 終於
19. play the piano 彈鋼琴
二、重點句子：
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著卧室的燈睡覺.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
以前我常常花很多時間和我的朋友們玩游戲.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我幾乎沒有時間去聽音樂會.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那會使你緊張的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎變化很大.
Unit 3
一、重點片語：
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干…
allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2.sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys
and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作
4. a driver』s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那個年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學期間的每個晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當與及物動詞) 清掃
10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試
12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學
14. concentrate on 全神貫注於
15. be good for 對…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結構)
18. learn from 向某人學習
19. at present 目前,現在
20. have an opportunity to do sth
有做…的機會
21.English-English dictionary
英英詞典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours』 sleep a night
每晚8小時的睡眠
24. an old people』s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花費時間干…
26. primary schools 小學
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復
29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業運動員
31. achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮
33. in the end 最後,終於
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing
在…上花費時間/金錢
36. care about 關心,擔心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
二、重點句子：
1. I don』t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我認為不應該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業.
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點.
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我們應該被允許更加經常的花些時間多做這類事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你認為學校的哪些制度應該改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實現我的夢想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
應該允許他們對業余愛好想練多長時間就練多長時間.
11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對他跑步.
Unit 4
一、重點片語：
1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機構
2、medical research 醫學研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎麼樣？
4、get nervous 緊張
5、take a big exam 參加大考
6、help with 有助於
7、in public 在公共場合
8、hardly ever 幾乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 為經許可
11、be(make) friends with 與…交朋友
12、ask one』s permission 請求××的允許
13、introce…to… 把…介紹給…
14、invite…to do… 邀請…干…
15、social situations 社會環境
16、not… in the slightest 根本不，一點也不
17、right away 立刻，馬上
18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 對…友好
20、at lunch time 在午飯時間
21、a bit shy 有點害羞
22、English speech contest 英語演講比賽
23、represent the class 代表班級
24、come top 名列第一（前茅）
25、let … down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron.
28、the rest of the students 其餘的學生
be sure to do 相信…
be sure +that 從句
29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth
在做某事方面有經驗
30、deal with 對付，處理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意見、建議
33、by accident 偶然地，無意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
35、an internet friend 網友
二、重點句子：
1、He doesn』t know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否該帶禮物。
2、You shouldn』t worry about what other people say.你不應該考慮別人說什麼。
3、What will you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百萬美元，你會干什麼？
4、If I were you, I 『d take a small present.如果我是你，我會帶一個小禮物。
5、I』m too tired to do well.我太累了，沒考好。
6、Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗會帶來很多麻煩。
7、What are you like? 你是什麼樣的人？
8、I』d invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我會邀請他（她）到我家吃飯。
9、You enjoy the company of other people.你喜歡別人的陪伴。
10、I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在眾人面前講話時感到緊張。
11、She always comes top in the school exams.她在學校的考試中總是名列前茅。
12、She doesn』t want to let her friends down.她不願讓朋友失望。
13、If I were you, I』ll get out of here.如果我是你，我會離開這里。
Unit 5
一、重點片語：
1、be long to屬於 11、wear a suit穿西裝
2、listen to classical music聽古典音樂 12、make a movie拍電影
3、at school上學、求學、在學校 13、in our neighborhood在我們附近、在我們小區
4、go to the concert去聽音樂會 14、have fun玩耍、取鬧
5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道 15、his or her own idea她（他）自己的看法
6、a math test on algebra有關代數的數學考試 16、late night深夜
7、the final exam期末考試 17、an ocean of許許多多、無窮無盡的
8、because of因為 18、be care of=look out當心、小心
9、a present for his mother送給她媽媽的禮物 19、pretend to do sth假裝干…
10、run for exercise跑步鍛煉 20、use up用完、用光
三、重點句子：
1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.如果你知道它可能在哪，請打電話給我。
2、It』s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.
關鍵是我必須學，因為它占期末考試的30%。
3、What do you think 「anxious」 means?你認為「anxious」是什麼意思？
4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步鍛煉身體。
5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑著趕公共汽車。
6、Why do you think the man is running?你覺得那個男的為什麼跑？
7、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.鍾塔附近不再有神秘的事了。
8、One finger can』t left a small stone.獨木難支。
9、When an ant says「ocean」,he is talking about a small pool.井底之蛙。
10、It is less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonest.寧窮勿賤。
11、Be careful of the person who does not talk, and the dog that does not bark.明搶易擋，暗箭難防。
12、You can』t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.真人不露相。
13、Tell me and I』ll forget. Show me, and I may not remember. Let me try, and I』ll understand.
有親身體驗才能明白其中的道理。
14、Don』t let yesterday use up too much of today.過去的就讓它過去吧。
15、He who would do great things should not attempt them all along.一個好漢三個幫。
⑼ 八年級下冊英語一至五單元語法
語法聚焦 can和have to的用法 can和have to的用法你都掌握了 嗎？請仔細觀察下面的例句，然後補 全結論部分所缺的內容。 【例句】 1. —Can you speak French? —No, I can』t. 2. You can take the car, if you want. 3. —Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Sorry, I can』t. I am going to visit my grandpa. 4. It』s late. I have to go now. 5. It is raining. He has to stay at home. 6. —Does he have to get up early in the morning? —Yes, he does. 7. She didn』t have to walk home yesterday. 【結論】 1. can是（有 / 無）人稱和數的 變化，後接動詞 can可以表示能力，指「能、 會」（如例句 ）；can可以表示請求， 常用於發出邀請（如例句(5) ）；can 還可以表示允許，指「可以」（如例句 (6) ）。 2. have to意為「必須、不得不」， 往往強調由於客觀原因而必須做某 事。 （有 / 無）人稱、數和時態的變 化，後接動詞(2) 。其疑問形式和否定 形式常藉助於助動詞do，does，did 等來完成。