『壹』 八年級英語期中復習重要短語句型
新目標英語八年級上前六單元知識點講練
I. language goals （語言目標）
1. Talk about how often you do things談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions. 談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans. 談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places. 談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people. 學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases （重點短語）：
1. how often多長時間一次 2. junk food垃圾食品 3. a lot of許多
4. hardly ever很少 5. start with以…開始 6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after照料 8. be kind of unhealthy有點不健康
9. once a day一天一次 10. twice a month一個月兩次 11. be good for對…有好處
12. once in a while偶爾 13. see a doctor / dentist看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever感冒/發燒 15. have a stomachache肚子疼
16. have a toothache牙疼 17. have a sore throat嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest躺下休息 19. drink hot tea with honey喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out緊張 21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired變的疲勞 23. keep healthy保持健康
24. at the moment此刻；目前 25. watch TV看電視
26. play basketball打籃球 27. babysit her sister照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend拜訪我的朋友 29. relax at home在家放鬆
30. sports camp運動野營 31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing 去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away離開 34. get back to school返回學校
35. stay for a week呆一個星期 36. go bike riding騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks散步 38. rent videos租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot睡得多 40. think about考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機 42. get to到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride乘公共車的旅行 46. ride a bike騎自行車
47. bus stop公共汽車站 48. on foot步行
49. leave for離開去… 50. school bus學校班車
51. the early bus早班車 52. be different from與…不同
53. half past six六點半 54. in North America在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast快捷的早餐 56. need to do需要做…
57. more than多於 58. play soccer踢足球
59. baseball game棒球比賽 60. school team校隊
61. come over to過來到… 62. the day after tomorrow後天
63. be good at擅長於… 64. two years ago兩年前
65. be outgoing外向的 66. all the time一直
67. in some ways在一些方面 68. look the same看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone與大家談話 70. make me laugh使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends? －I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends? －He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise? I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables? She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter? What』s wrong? What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat. /I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist. You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister. －That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going? －I』m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going? －They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with? －She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying. －He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there? －I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June. 8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school? －I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work? －He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take? －It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school? －It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it? －It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
IV. Grammar語法：
Unit 1:
1. 表頻率的詞彙和短語： always usually often never hardly ever
sometimes seldom once a day twice a month
three times a week every two weeks once in a while
2. 做事情的頻率（how often you do things）:
－What do you usually do in the morning?
－I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden.
I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food.
3. 如何提問頻率「多久一次」
－How often does he play tennis? －He plays tennis every day.
－How often do you drink milk? －I drink milk once a day.
－How often do they go to the movies? －Sometimes.
Unit 2:
1. 詢問別人身體狀況：
What』s wrong with you? What』s the matter with you? What』s the trouble?
2. 提出建議（give advice and make suggestions）
－What』s wrong with you? －I have a headache.
－You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn』t work late.
－I have a fever. －You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn』t be stressed out.
Unit 3：
一般將來時：
1. 現在進行時「be+動詞ing」可以用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。
－What are you doing for vacation? －I』m visiting Tibet.
－Where are you going on May Day? －I』m going to the beach.
－How many students are coming to out party tomorrow? －Fifty.
2. 「be going to +動詞原形」表示主觀打算去做某事，表示「人」打算，計劃，決定要去做的事。
They are going to travel in China. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
－Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up? －Yes, I am.
3. 用「shall＋動詞原形」或「will＋動詞原形」表示一般將來時。 （shall只用於第一人稱）
We shall go to the beach this Sunday. My brother will finish middle school in a year.
These birds won』t fly to the south in winter. When will they begin the work?
單元要點與中考題
1. My uncle ______to see me. He』ll be here soon.
A. is coming B. comes
C. has come D. came （廣州中考試題）
[答案] A。該題考查的是動詞時態。從後面一句，我們可以看出叔叔將要來，但還沒來，所以「來看我」是一個將來的動作，而is coming是用現在進行時的形式表示將來的動作，因此是正確的。
2. Both Kate and I _____ ready for the picnic now.
A. is not B. Is getting
C. are getting D. am getting （天津市中考試題）
[答案] C。該題考查時態的用法和主謂一致。從副詞now 可以看出：謂語動詞應用現在進行時，從主語both Kate and I 可以判斷：謂語動詞應用復數形式，因此只有 C 是正確答案。
3. There are _________ in the field. They are eating grass.
A. a horse B. much horses
C. many horse D. many horses (河北省中考題）
[答案] D。There + be 句型的謂語動詞的單復數隨離它最近的主語而定。所以答案應該是 D。
Unit 4：
談論如何到達某地，以及以何種方式到達某地。
－How do you get to the museum?
－I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum.
注意區別： （1）take the bus = go by bus
eg: I take the bus to get to school. = I get to school by bus.
take the train = go by train eg: He takes the train to go to school.
He gets to school by train. take the subway = go by subway
take a taxi = go by taxi go in a car = go by car
ride a bike = go by bike walk = go on foot
How引導的疑問句：
1. How does Lucia get to work? （提問方式「如何」）
2. Dave is going to travel to Paris by plane. How long does it take?（提問時間長短「多長時間」）
3. How far is it from the post office to the museum? （提問距離「多遠」）
4. How often does Kate swim in the river? （提問頻率「多久一次」）
5. How old is the little boy? （提問年齡「多大」）
6. How many cows are there? （提問數量「多少」many後跟可數名詞）
7. How much water is there in the bottle? （提問數量「多少」much後跟不可數名詞）
8. How much is the doll? （提問價錢「多少錢」）
9. How tall is his teacher? （提問高度「多高」）
10. How was the weather? （提問程度「怎樣」）
練習
一、根據句意及首字母完成下列單詞。
1.There are sixty m in hour.
2.He r a bike to school every day.
3.Mary』s home is about two k from his school.
4.I usually get home at half p seven.
5.It often t him one hour to finish homework.
6.In China, bikes and buses are the most popular means of t
二、找出與劃線部分意思相同或相似的一項。
1.My mother usually goes to work by bus.
A.works on a bus B.takes a bus to work
C. walks to a bus D.takes a bus working
2.He often has a quick breakfast.
A.has a little for breakfast B.has breakfast quickly
C.has nothing for breakfast D.goes to work without breakfast
3.Father usually reaches home at 7 p.m
A.gets B.gets to C. arrives at D.arrives in
4.That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.
A.tired B.exciting C.difficult D.interesting
5.We have dinner at 6:45p.m
A.fifteen to six B.forty-five to six C. fifty to seven D.a quarter to seven
三、單選題
1.He often goes to school _______ his bike.
A.on B.with C.by D.at
2.It took ________ one hour ________ my homework yesterday.
A.I, do B.me, to do C.me, doing D.my, do
3.---____________ does she live from the school?--- Ten miles.
A. How long B.How far C.How often D. How soon
4.How ________ the boys come to the library?
A.do B.are C.does D.is
5. What about _____________?
A.take a taxi B.taking a taxi C. to take a taxi D.by a taxi
6.________ do you think of the transportation?
A.How B.What C.Why D.Where
7.---How is the weather here? ---It』s________________.
A.rain B.snows C.windy D.sun
8.Does it ____________ five minutes to the shop?
A.spend B.take C. pay D.use
四、句型轉換.
1.I usually take the bus to the bank. （對劃線部分提問）
________ do you usually _________ to the bank?
2.It』s 2 kilometers from the post office to my houses. （對劃線部分提問）
_________ __________ is it from the post office to your house?
3.He walks to the supermarket. （變同意句）
He goes to the supermarket ______________ ___________.
4.Why not take a subway there? （變同意句）
_______ _______ ________ a subway there?
5.It often takes me half an hour to do my homework. （變同意句）
I often ________ half an hour ______ my homework.
五、用詞正確的形式填空。
1.Yesterday many boys _______ (take) trains to Beijing.
2.Two _______(hour) ride is not long.
3.It often _______ (take) her 3 hours ________(play) sports.
4.I __________(ride) a bike to school tomorrow.
5.His mother is ____________ (worry) about her son.
六、缺詞填空。
Jim is an A boy. He is only ten years old. He l in Beijing with his parents. He doesn』t know m Chinese. He can only speak a little Chinese. Sometimes his friends don』t u him. One morning he is going to the zoo to see the pandas. He likes the pandas very much. But he doesn』t know h to go the zoo. So he a a girl how to get to the zoo. But the girl can』t understand him. Then he d a panda in a piece of paper, and g the picture the girl. The girl tells him the w to the zoo. He t her very much.
參考答案：
一、 1.minutes 2.rides 3.kilometers 4.past 5.takes 6.transportation
四1.how,get 2.How long 3.on foot 4.How about taking 5.spend on
五1.took 2.hours』 3.takes , to play 4.am riding 5.worrying
六1.America 2.lives 3.much 4. understand 5.how 6.asks 7.draws 8.gives 9.way 10.thanks
Unit 5
情態動詞「can」表示可能性，或現在決定將來的事。
練慣用「Can …? 」發出邀請，接受或拒絕並給出原因：
－Can you come to my party on Monday? －Sure, I』d love to. / Sorry, I can』t. I have to study for a test.
－Can she go to the movies? －No, she can』t. She has to do her homework.
－Can he go to the football game tomorrow? －No, he can』t. He has a driving lessons.
－Can they go to the concert tonight? －No, they can』t. They are visiting their uncle.
Unit 6:
形容詞比較級： 形容詞比較級是用來表示事物的等級差別。
I. 形容詞比較級的構成：
◎規則變化：
1. 一般單音節詞末尾加－er。 tall－taller great－greater
2. 以不發音的e結尾的單音節詞和少數以－le結尾的雙音節詞只加－r。
nice－nicer large－larger able－abler
3. 以一個輔音字母結尾的閉音節單音節詞，雙寫結尾的輔音字母，再加－er。
big－bigger hot－hotter
4. 「輔音字母＋y」結尾的雙音節詞，改y為i，再加－er。 easy－easier busy－busier
5. 少數以－er，－ow結尾的雙音節詞末尾加－er. clever－cleverer narrow－narrower
6. 其他雙音節詞和多音節詞，在前面加more來構成比較級。
important－more important beautiful－more beautiful
◎不規則變化： good－better well（健康的）－better bad－worse ill－worse
old－older / elder many－more much－more little（少的）－less
far（遠的）－farther / further
II. 比較級句型：
1. 比較級＋than… …比…較為 A＋動詞＋形容詞比較級＋than＋B. 兩者相比較，A比B更…一些。
I am older than you.
Mary is happier than Jane. His brother is younger than I（me）.
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. My sister has longer hair than Tara.
Her mother is thinner than her father. Jack is taller than Tom.
2. as…as A+動詞+as+形容詞原級+as+B.表示A和B兩者比較，程度相同，「…和…相同」。
My uncle is as tall as your father.
Tom is as honest as John. My dog is as old as that one.
A…＋not＋as＋形容詞原級＋as＋B表示A，B兩者程度不同，即A不如B那麼…
My uncle is not as tall as your father. Tom is not as honest as John.
This jacket is not as cheap as that one.
3. the same as與…相同。
My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet. A good friend likes to do the same things as me.
『貳』 八年級上學期英語所有的重要語法+語言點（整理）
1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被動語態):be absorbed in 全神貫注於…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富於,富有 5. access(to) (不可數名詞) 能接近,進入,了解 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地, 7. of one』s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自願地 ,主動地 8. in accord with 與…一致 . out of one』s accord with 同….不一致 9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根據 11. on one』s own account 1) 為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one』s own risk) 自行負責 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬; on account of 因為; on no account不論什麼原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性. 12. take…into account(=consider)把...考慮進去 13. give sb. an account of 說明, 解釋 (理由) 14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋, 說明. 15. on account of (=because of) 由於,因為. 16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時句子要倒裝) 17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 19. act on 奉行,按照…行動; act as 扮演; act for 代理 20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己適應於 21. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改編, 改寫(以適應新的需要) 22. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 堅持, 遵循 25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗鄰的, 臨近的 26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)調節; 適應; 27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的餘地. 28. in advance (before in time) 預告, 事先. 29. to advantage 有利的,使優點更加突出地. 30. have an advantage over 勝過. have the advantage of 由於…處於有利條件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 32. agree with 贊同(某人意見) agree to 同意 33. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 34. ahead of 在…之前, 超過…;……………. ahead of time 提前. 35. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體. 2)在謠傳中. 36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 總共, 總計 38. after all 畢竟,到底; (not) at all 一點也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大體上說; be all in 累極了; all but 幾乎. 39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考慮到, 估計到. 40. amount to (=to be equal to) 總計, 等於. 41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對…負責. 42. answer to (=conform to) 適合,符合. 43. be anxious about 為…焦急不安; 或anxious for 44. apologize to sb. for sth. 為…向…道歉 45. appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼籲. appeal to sb. 對某人有吸引力 46. apply to sb. for sth. 為…向…申請 ; apply for申請; apply to 適用. 47. apply to 與…有關;適用 48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 贊成, approve vt. 批准 49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起. 50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 51. arrive on 到達; arrive at 到達某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到達某地(大地方); 52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…為羞恥 53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保證, 使…確信. 54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 縛, 系 ,結 55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 試圖做… 56. attend to (=give one』s attention, care and thought)注意,照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 57. attitude to/ toward …對…的態度.看法 58. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..歸因於.., 認為..是..的結果 59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意識到,知道. 61. at the back of (=behind) 在…後面 62. in the back of 在…後部(裡面); on the back of 在…後部(外面); be on one』s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 63. at one』s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,維護; have sb. at one』s back 有…支持, 有…作後台 64. turn one』s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄 65. behind one』s back 背著某人(說壞話) 66. be based on / upon 基於 67. on the basis of 根據…, 在…基礎上 68. beat…at 在…運動項目上打贏 69. begin with 以…開始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(經常用於開始語) 70. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名義 71. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依賴,信仰. 72. benefit (from) 受益,得到好處. 73. for the benefit of 為了…的利益(好處) 74. for the better 好轉 75. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打敗, 勝過. 76. by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統 at birth 在出生時; give birth to 出生 77. blame sb. for sth. 因…責備某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上 78. in blossom開花(指樹木) be in blossom開花(強調狀態) come into blossom開花(強調動作) 79. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機 80. boast of (or about) 吹噓 81. out of breath 喘不過氣來 82. in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡言之 83. in bulk 成批地,不散裝的 84. take the floor 起立發言 85. on business 出差辦事. 86. be busy with sth.忙於某事 be busy doing sth. 忙於做某事 87. last but one 倒數第二. 88. last but not least最後一點但也是最重要的一點 89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假設 90. buy sth. for…money 用多少錢買 91. be capable of 能夠, 有能力 be capable of being +過去分詞:是能夠被…的 92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)無論如何 93. in case (=for fear that) 萬一; 94. in case of (=in the event of)如果發生…萬一 in the case of 至於…, 就…而言 95. in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句) 96. be cautious of 謹防 97. center one』s attention on(=focus one』s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定. 99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地 100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 101. for a change換換環境(花樣等) 102. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 103. in charge of (=responsible for) 負責(某事) in the charge of …由…管 104. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)負責管理(照顧) 105. charge…for 因…索取(費用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有… 106. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 晝夜不停地 高考書面表達必背片語 (1) 首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all 偶然，無意中 by accident 對（於）…很積極 be active in 合計為 add up to 承讓錯誤 admit one』s mistake 接受某人的建議 take / follow one』s advice 就…提出建議 give advice on 建議某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth. 後天 the day after tomorrow 畢竟；終究 after all 違心 against one』s will 在…歲時 at the age of 實現目標 achieve one』s aim 在空中；懸而未決 in the air 在戶外，在露天里 in the open air 在機場 at the airport 火警 the fire alarm 滿腔怒火 be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生氣 be angry at sth. 生某人的氣 be angry with sb. 通知 make an announcement 相繼地，按順序地 one after another 相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之間）one another 相互（指兩者之間）each other 沒有回答 give no answer 為…而擔心 be anxious about 急於做某事 be anxious to do sth. 分開住 live apart 除了 apart from 因某事向某人認錯或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth. 與某人爭論某事 argue with sb. about sth. 放在一邊 lay sth. aside 請某人指點 / 幫助 ask sb. for advice / help 驚訝於… be astonished at sth. 以前，曾經 at one time 注意 pay attention to 對…抱正確的態度 take a correct attitude towards sth. 引起（注意，興趣等）
『叄』 八年級上冊英語語法
中考重點句型
一、常使用動詞不定式的短語
1、It』s time to do sth.\ It』s time for sth
該作某事的時候了.
2、can』t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事
3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.
要求/告訴某人(不)作某事
4、allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人作某事
5、be supposed to do sth. 應該作某事
6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事
7、have sth/nothing to do 有…時要做/與…無關
8、find it +adj. to do sth. 發覺作某事…
9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
寧願作某事,而不願作某事
10、It』s +adj. for sb. to do sth.
作某事對某人來說…
11、It』s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事
12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.
某人做某事用了一些時間
二、常用動名詞的短語
1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜歡做某事
2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.
繼續做某事
3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
4、practise doing sth. 練習作某事
5、give up doing sth. 放棄作某事
6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅長作某事
7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
8、what about/ how about doing sth.
….怎麼樣(好嗎)?
9、Thank you for doing sth. 為…感謝某人
10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事
11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、
被用來作某事
12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花時間作某時
13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙於作某事
14、finish doing sth. 作完某時
15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事
16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡…勝過…
17、be/get used to doing sth. 習慣作某事
18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人作某事
三、省略動詞不定式的短語
1、一看二聽三使役
see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.
看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人作某事
make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/讓某人做某事
2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人作某事
3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
4、 Why don』t you/ not do sth.為什麼不作某事
5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.
請你(不)作某事好嗎?
四、 同義詞比較
1、 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事
eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.
2、 forget / remember to do sth.
忘記/記得要去作某事
forget / remember doing sth.
忘記記得曾經做過某事
eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.
I remember doing my homework
3、 used to do sth. 過去常常作某事
be used to do sth. 被用來作某事
be used to doing sth. 習慣於作某事
eg. My father used to smoke.
Wood is used to make paper.
I am used to getting up early.
4、So +be/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語
…也一樣
So +主語+be/助動詞/ 情態動詞
是呀,表示贊同別人的觀點
Neither + be /助動詞/ 情態動詞+主語
…也不一樣（用於否定句）
eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
It』s a fine day. So it is.
She doesn』t like eggs. Neither do I.
5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…
so +adj. /adv + that(從句) 如此…以致…
such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(從句)
如此…以致…
(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.
(對某人來說)做某事(不)夠
eg. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can』t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can』t go to school.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
五、常考知識點
1、keep +adj. 保持…狀態
keep (sb.) doing sth.
繼續做某事/使某人老是做某事
eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.
It』s too late, but he still keeps working.
Lily always keeps us waiting for her.
2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成為
make + sb. + adj. 使某人…
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事
eg. We made Peter our monitor.
Books make us happy.
He often makes me laugh.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
3、I don』t think that 我認為…不
eg. I don』t think you are right.
4、It』s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時… 自從…以來有多久了
eg. It has been two years since we met last time.
6、 What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?
是什麼意思?
eg. What do you mean by 「computer」?=What does 「computer」 mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?
7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?
你認為…怎麼樣?
eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?
8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎麼樣?
eg. What is the weather like?
What will the life in the future be like?
9、 It』s said/ reported that… 據說/據報道
It's well known that 眾所周知
It's thought that 大家認為
eg. It』s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.
10、one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數
…其中之一
eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
11、neither…nor… 既不…也不（兩者都不）
either…or…要麼…要麼/或者…或者/不是…就是
not only…but also… 不但…而且
以上三個詞做主語時,要用就近原則
eg. Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
Either he or you go to the park.
Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.
neither of 兩者都不
either of 兩者選一
none of 沒有一個
以上三個做主語時，謂語動詞用單數
All of 全部 Both of 兩者都
以上二個做主語時，謂語動詞用復數
12、比較級+ than +any other +名詞單數
…比其餘任何一個…
比較級+ than + the other+名詞復數
eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
13、When（當…的時候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）這幾個詞引導的時間或條件狀語從句時,主句要用一般將來時.
從句一般現在時
eg. I will call you when he comes.
If it doesn』t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I』ll come to see you.
He won』t go to bed until his parents come back.
Unless you work hard, you won』t catch up with others.
希望我的答案對你有幫助哈
『肆』 初中八年級英語所有語法
現在完成時
1.構成
現在完成時是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬於現在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。
2.用法
（1）表示動作發生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現在留下了某種影響和結果。常被just, already, yet 等副詞修飾。常與非延續性動詞連用。 如：
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你（已經）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現在我不餓了）
（2）表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進行。常用延續性動詞，常帶有for和since（自從）等表示一段時間的狀語。
如：He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續教）
I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年沒見到她了。
(3）表示說話前發生過一次或多次的動作，現在成為一種經驗，一般譯為漢語「過」，常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時間狀語。
如： I have been to Beijing twice. 我去過北京二次。
3．結構
1）陳述句結構：主語＋have( has)（not）+過去分詞＋其它。have not=haven』t has not= hasn』t.
2) 一般疑問句結構：Have( Has )＋主語＋過去分詞＋其它？
3) 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞＋have(has) +主語+ 過去分詞＋其它？
e.g. He has already finished his homework.
He hasn』t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet? --Yes, he has. / No, he hasn』t. / No, not yet.
4.現在完成時的時間狀語
1）現在完成時屬於現在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如: yesterday, last Sunday, in1990, three years ago等。但是，在強調動作產生的後果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。
a. 用副詞already和yet。already一般用於肯定句中，yet一般用於否定句和 疑問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業。
b. 用ever 和never。多用於否定或疑問句中，表示「曾經」或「從未「等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經去過長城嗎？
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。 c. 用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just（剛剛）, before（以前）, up to now（直到現在）/ until now, in the past (few years/ three days 等), so far (迄今為止) recently 等。 例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前見過她，但記不起在哪裡見過。
He has been there three times the last few days. 近幾年他去過那裡三次了。 d.用包括「現在」在內的時間狀語，如：today, this morning (month ,year, term等.例如：-Have you met him today? - No, I haven't. 今天你見過他嗎？我沒有。
How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去過那裡多少次？
2） 現在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示「一段時間」的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態從某一時刻開始，一直持續到現在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等終止性動詞不能與表示「一段時間」的狀語連用。要用，必須改為「be（在）」等延續性動詞來表述。現歸納總結一下由非延續性動詞到延續性動詞的轉換：
arrive → be here begin (start) → be on die →be dead come back → be back leave → be away fall ill (sick, asleep) → be ill (sick, asleep) go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on get up →be up join →be in / be a member of… open → be open close →be closed go to school→ be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study → study come to work→ work
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。或He has been in the army for there years. 不可以說He has joined the army for there years.
His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。（不可以說has died）
The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鍾了。（不可以說has begun）
We have studied English for three years. （不可以說have begun） 我們（開始）學英語已三年了。
5. 現在完成時和一般過去時的區別
現在完成時和一般過去時都表示在過去完成的動作。但現在完成時強調的是這一動作與現在的關系。如對現在產生的結果或影響等，而一般過去時只表示動作在過去某一時刻發生，不表示和現在的關系。試比較：
I have lost my new book. 我把新書丟了。（現在還未找到）
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現在找到與否沒說明）
6.幾點注意事項 （1）have been(to)與have gone( to)的區別：have been(to) 表示「去過某地（現在已經回來了）」，可用於各人稱；have gone(to) 表示「去某地了（說話時某人不在當地）」，常用於第 三人稱，前者可與once ,never, several times等連用，後者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們去過北京兩次。 He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （2）「It is或has been + 一段時間+ since引導的時間狀語從句」表示「某人干某事已經多長時間了」。since從句的謂語要用非延續性動詞 若動詞延續，則譯成相反的意思。如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有三年了。 It is two years since his father lived here. 他爸爸不住這兒已有三年了。 （3）終止性動詞現在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續的狀態，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。 （4）.提問for短語或since狀語用how long。
(5).完成時的否定形式與比較級連用表達最高級含義。如：
I have never seen a better film.我從未看過一部更好的電影。（這部最好）
註：否定式與比較級連用表示最高級含義不一定用於完成時態。如：
--- What about going fishing? --- I can』t agree more.(我再同意不過了哦)
.語法—直接引語變間接引語（多數情況下變為賓語 從句）
(1). 直接引語如果是陳述句，變為間接引語時，用連詞that 引導（口語中可以省略引導詞）賓語從句。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語：
a. 「I』ll visit my aunt tomorrow.」 Lily said. ____________________________.
b. Our teacher often say to us,」 It』s important to finish your homework.」
_______________________________________________________
c. They said they would meet at 9:00 p.m. that night.
「_______________________________________.」they said.
d. Lana said that she wasn』t mad at Marcia anymore.
Lana said』」_______________________________.」
(2). 直接引語如果是一般疑問句，變為間接引語時，變為由連詞if 或whether引導的賓語從句。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語：
a. 「Will you have a surprise party for me?」 he asked me.
_______________________________________________
b. She asked Tom,」 Can you help me?」 ___________________________ c. He asked me if I knew who killed the cat.
He asked ，」__________________________________?」
(3). 直接引語如果是特殊疑問句，變為間接引語時，疑問詞不變，賓語從句用陳述語序。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語：
a. The teacher asked,」 Why are all the windows open?」
______________________________________________.
b. 「When will you find out the time?」 she asked me.
______________________________________________.
c. 「What』s the matter with you, Alice?」 he asked.
_____________________________________
d. They asked me where my friends were.
____________________________________________
(4).直接引語如果是肯定型祈使句，變為間接引語時，謂語變為tell sb. to do 或ask sb. to do 等句式。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語：
a. 「Make sure the door is closed，」 she said to her little son.
____________________________________________________.
b. 「Tell me the news, please.」 Li Hui said to me.
____________________________________________________.
c. He asked me to take care of his pet dog.
「_______________________________，」 he said to me.
(5).直接引語如果是否定型祈使句，變為間接引語時，謂語變為tell sb.not to do 或ask sb. not to do等。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語：a. 「Don』t smoke in the room,」 he said to me.
________________________________________________.
b. 「Don』t shout at the old man,」 I said to him.________________________
c. Our teacher told us not to talk in class.
「____________________________, 「 our teacher said to us.
d. My mother told me ___ others when they are in trouble.
A. not to laugh at B. don』t laugh at C. not laugh at D. never laugh at
2. if 條件句 在一般將來時的句子里（指主句），時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句等的謂語動詞用一般現在時代替將來時。當主句含有情態動詞或主句為祈使句時，從句也用一般現在時。如：You must pay for it if you lose it.
附加疑問句
附加疑問句由「陳述句 + 附加疑問句」兩部分構成。一般有兩種形式：前肯後否或前否後肯。對附加疑問部分應注意以下幾點： 1）主語只能用人稱代詞；2）附加疑問句的not必須與（be /助/情）縮寫；3）附加疑問句的時態必須與陳述部分的時態一致。
Tom is a worker, isn』t Tom? (改錯) _______ You can swim, can not you? ( 改錯) ______
特別注意以下幾種反意疑問句
1.陳述部分含否定意味的詞如few,little,never,nothing,nobody,no,hardly,none,seldom等時，附加疑問句應使用肯定形式；但如果陳述句部分含有un-, in-, im-, dis-等否定前綴構成的派生詞時，該陳述句部分仍做肯定處理，疑問部分用否定形式。
He hardly speaks English, does he? They are unhappy, aren』t they?
2. this/that作主語時，無論是否指人，疑問部分用it；these/those用they。
This is your brother, isn』t it? Those are books,_______________?
3.陳述部分的主語如果是one, 疑問部分主語用one或he。One can』t be always young, can one/ he?
4.陳述部分的主語是everything, something, nothing, anything時，附加疑問句的主語應用it；陳述部分的主語是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one時，附加疑問句的主語應用they或he。
Everything is ready, ___________? Everyone is here, ____________?
5.陳述部分是祈使句時，附加疑問句一般用：will you? 但注意：
Let』s…（包括聽者在內）, 附加疑問句一般用shall we? Let us/him/me …（不包括聽者在內）， 附加疑問句一般用will you? Let』s go for a walk, shall we? Let him come in, will you?
6.陳述部分是there be結構時，應用be there?結構來完成。 There』s little water, _________？
7..陳述部分含that引導的賓語從句時，疑問部分通常與主句一致。但當主句陳述部分是」I / We think (believe, suppose) +賓語從句」時，附加問句應與從句一致。I』m sure + 賓語從句也是如此
1).She said I did it, _________? 2)We don』t think you are right，________?
3) I』m sure you』ll help me, ____________?
8.如果陳述部分是I am… , 附加疑問部分為aren』t I? I am older than you, __________?
9.陳述部分含had better, would like時， 疑問部分分別用hadn』t…?和wouldn』t…? You』d better go out , _______________? You』d like to go there, ____________________?
10.陳述部分是感嘆句，附加問句的人稱代詞應與主語一致，疑問部分用否定形式。 What a kind girl, isn』t she? What a fine day, ___________?
11.the+形容詞表示一類人，其附加疑問句主語用復數代詞。 The poor had no right to speak at that time, did they?
12. 由neither…nor，either… or ， not only…but also ， both…and ， not…but，…or…， …and…等連接的並列主語，附加疑問部分用復數。
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? Both Jack and Tom went there, didn』t they?
13.當陳述部分含有have to時，附加疑問部分的助動詞應根據have 的變化，分別用don』t， doesn』t， didn』t。 He has to take your advice, doesn』t he?
14.當陳述部分的主語是從句、不定式、動名詞或片語時，附加疑問部分的主語通常用it。 What he said at the meeting is very important, isn』t it? Swimming in rivers is a good sport, _____________?
15.當陳述部分含有wish時，附加疑問部分的助動詞用may。I wish to use your computer, may I?
16. 當陳述部分的謂語是「used to+動詞原形（過去常常干某事）」時，疑問部分用「didn』t+主語」或「usedn』t +主語」。 He used to live in London, didn』t he? / usedn』t he?
『伍』 人教版八年級上冊英語期中復習歸納。急!!!
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after=take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take (much) exercise
=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什麼相同
11. once a month一月一次
12. be different from 不同
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什麼有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although=though雖然
17. most of the students=most students
大多數學生
18. shop=go shopping
=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至於
20. activity survey活動調查
21. do homework做家庭作業
22. do house work做家務事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什麼有益
26. be bad for對什麼有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學回家
31. of course=certainly=sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. some advice
34. help sb to do sth幫助某人做某事
=help sb with sth
35. a lot of vegetables
=many vegetables許多蔬菜
36. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
37. keep/be in good health保持健康
II. 應掌握的句子：
1. How often do you exercise? 你（你們）多久鍛煉一次身體？
How often + 助動詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多久一次),（在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構成疑問的作用）與一般現在時或一般過去時連用，回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞，如：once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。
翻譯：「你們多久到工廠去一次？」「每星期兩次。」
(「How often do you go to the factory?」 「Twice a week. 」)
「他們多長時間舉辦一次舞會？」「通常每兩周舉辦一次。」
(「How often do they have a dancing party?」 「Usually, once every other week.」)
「他多久去購一次物？」「一個月一次。」
(「How often does he go shopping?」 「He goes shopping once a month.」)
2. 「What do you usually do on weekends?」 「 I usually play soccer.」
「周末你通常做什麼？」「我通常踢足球。」
第一個do為助動詞, 在這起幫助構成疑問的作用；而第二個do則是實義動詞。
翻譯：What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.
What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.
3. 「What』s your favorite program?」 「It』s Animal World.」
「你最喜歡什麼節目？」「動物世界。」
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是「至於；關於」，常用於句首作狀語，其後跟名詞、代詞或動詞的
-ing形式（即動名詞）。如：
As for him，I never want to see him here. 至於他，我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 關於那故事，你最好不要相信。
翻譯：至於我自己，我現在不想去。(As for myself, I don』t want to go now. )
至於那個人，我什麼都不知道。(As for the man, I know nothing about him.)
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
want to do sth. 意思是「想要做某事」；
want sb. to do sth.意思是「想要某人做某事」。如：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
6. She says it』s good for my health.
be good for...表示「對……有益（有好處）」;其反義為：be bad for...。（這里for 是
介詞，後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞）如：
It's good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。
7. How many hours do you sleep every night?
8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits are pretty good .這里pretty相當於very 。
10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示
「（用某一辦法）試著去做某事」。如:
You』d better try doing the experiment in another way.
你最好試試用另一種方法做這個試驗。
11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
這里better是well的比較級，而不是good的比較級
13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from …
14. What sports do you play ?
15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eat less meat .
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比較級
17. That sounds interesting.
這是「主語+系動詞+表語」結構的簡單句。sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell
（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得）,get
（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，後跟形容詞作表語。如：
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。
『陸』 八年級上冊英語期中語法
這里既有句型，也有語法。
Unit 1
1.watch TV 看電視
2.go to the movies 去看電影
3.on weekends 在周末
4.hardly ever 幾乎不
5.how often 多久一次
6.every day 每天
7.once a week 一周一次
8.twice a month 一月兩次
9.do homework 做家庭作業
10.the result of……的結果
11.as for 至於，對於
12.read a book 看書
13.junk food 垃圾食品
14.be good/bad for 對…有益/害
15.eating habits 飲食習慣
16.try to do sth.盡力做某事
17.lots of=a lot of許多
18.of course/Sure當然
19.come home from school從學校來到家
20.look after=take care of 照看；照顧
21.a healthy lifestyle 一種健康的生活方式
22.the same as…和…相同
23.be different from…和…不同
24.want to do sth.想要做某事
25.want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
26.want=would like 想要
27.health---healthy<形>
28.healthy 健康的----unhealthy<反義>
29.different 不同的—difference<名>
30.keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康
31.although = though 雖然 <不能與but連用>
32.surf the Internet上網
33.three times a week一周三次
34.get good grades 取得好成績
35.How many hours do you sleep every night? 你每晚睡多少個小時？
36.What do you/they usually do on weekends? 你/他們通常在周末做什麼？
37.I usually go to the movies. 我通常去看電影.
38.What does he/she often do on Sundays?他/她常常在星期天做什麼？
39.He/She often does homework.他/她常常做家庭作業.
40.How often do you shop? 你多久買一次東西？
41.I shop twice a month. 我一月買兩次東西.
42.How often does your mother go to the movies?你媽媽多久去看一次電影？
43.She goes to the movies once a week. 她一周去看一次電影.
44.Most students do homework every day. 大多數學生每天都做作業.
Unit 2
1.foot---feet 腳 <復>
2.tooth---teeth 牙齒 <復>
3.be thirsty 口渴
4.be hungry 飢餓
5.have a headache （患）頭痛
6.have a sore back 背痛
7.have a (bad) cold (重)感冒
8.have a sore throat 喉嚨痛
9.lie down 躺下
10.have a stomachache 肚子痛
11.hot tea with honey 加有蜂蜜的熱茶
12.What』s the matter with sb./sth.?=What』s wrong with sb./sth.?某人/某物怎麼啦？
13.see a dentist 看牙醫
14.two days ago 兩天前
15.have a fever 發燒
16.be stressed out 緊張的
17.go to bed 去睡覺
18.listen to music 聽音樂
19.drink some water喝些水
20.for example 例如
21.No problem 沒問題
22.too much + 不可數名詞 太多的…
23.much too +形/副 實在太…
24.too many + 可數名詞復數 太多的…
25.a balanced diet 平衡飲食
26.have a rest 休息
27.be/get tired 累的
28.It』s+形+for sb.+to do sth. 做某事對某人來說是…的。
eg:It』s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對我來說是很重要的.
29.a few + 可數名詞復數 少許…
30.a little + 不可數名詞/形/副 一點…
31.at the moment=now 此時，此刻
32.host family 寄宿家庭
33.good idea 好主意
34.I』m sorry to hear that.聽到你那樣說我感到難過.
35.enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事
36.I don』t feel well= I』m not feeling well我感覺不舒服.
37.maybe 或許<句首> may be <句中>
38.What』s the matter with you?=What』s the trouble with you?=What』s wrong with you?你怎麼啦？
39.I have a sore back. 我背痛
40.You should lie down and rest. 你應當躺下休息.
41.He shouldn』t eat anything=He should eat nothing. 他不應當吃任何東西.
42.I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你一會兒感覺更好些.
43.It』s easy to have a healthy lifestyle. 有一種健康生活方式是容易的.
44.I don』t think I』m improving. 我認為我不會有提高.
Unit 3
1.babysit one』s sister 臨時照顧某人的妹妹
2.go with sb. 和某人一起去
3.go camping/hiking/fishing/ sightseeing/bike riding 去野營/遠足/釣魚/觀光/騎車
4.go away 離開
5.stay at home 呆在家
6.plan to do sth. 計劃做某事
7.at night =in the evening 在晚上
8.That sounds + 形 那聽起來…
9.on the twelfth 在12號
10.What/How about…<名/代/動名詞> …怎麼樣呢？
11.on Monday 在星期一
12.next week 下周
13.send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 送某人某物
14.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物給某人看
15.how long 多久
16.How is the weather?=What』s the weather like? 天氣怎麼樣？
17.think about考慮
18.go back to school 回到學校
19.go back home 回到家
20.take walks=have walks=go for a walk 散步
21.take a vacation 度假
22.something different 不同的東西
23.in the countryside 在鄉下
24.finish doing sth. 做完某事
25.decide on… 決定
26.decide to do sth. 決定做某事
27.rent videos 租影碟
28.have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself 玩得高興
29.this time 這次
30.next time =another time 下次
31.relax at home 在家休閑
32.too long 太久
33.Can I ask you some questions? 我可以問你一些問題嗎？
34.What are you/they doing for vacation? 你/他們假日要做什麼？
35.I』m/We』re/They』re watching TV. 我/我們/他們要看電視.
36.What』s he/she doing for vacation? 他/她在假日里要做什麼？
37.He/She is going camping. 他/她要去野營.
38.When are you/they going? 你/他們要何時去?
39.I』m/We』re/They』re going on Tuesday. 我/我們/他們要星期二去.
40.When is he/she going? 他/她要何時去？
41.He/She is going on the twentieth. 他/她要在20號去.
42.How long are you staying? 你要呆多久？
43.I』m staying for three days.我只呆三天.
44.That sounds interesting.那聽起來很有趣.
45.Show me your photos when we get back to school. 當我們回到校時把你的相片給我看.
46.I』m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside. 我正在計劃在美麗的鄉下消遣.
47.I hear that Luzhou is a good place to go sightseeing. 我聽說瀘州是一個觀光的好地方.
48.I don』t like going away for too long. 我不喜歡離開太久.
Unit 4
1.get to=arrive in/at=reach 到達
2.get up 起床
3.take the bus/subway/train/taxi/boat (to…) 坐汽車/地鐵/火車/計程車/船(去…) =(go to… )by bus/subway/train/taxi/boat/bike 坐<騎>汽車/地鐵/火車/計程車/船/自行車(去…)
4.on a bus/train/subway/plane/bike 坐<騎>汽車/火車/地鐵/飛機/自行車
5.ride a bike(bicycle) 騎自行車
6.on foot 步行
7.from…to… 從…到…
8. in a car/taxi/boat 坐小車/的士/船
9.leave for… 動身去…
10.the early bus 早班車
11.how far多遠
12.think of 考慮/想到
13.around the world=all over the world全世界
14.the school bus 校車
15.depend on 決定於…
16.in the other parts of the world 在世界的其它地方
17.a small number of… 少數…
18.in the hospital 在醫院里
19.in Chinese 用漢語
20.Don』t worry. 別擔心.
21.so much 這么多
22.at around half past six 大約在六點半
23.half an hour=thirty minutes 半小時
24.bus station 汽車站
25.bus stop 汽車站
26.It takes sb. some time to do sth.=Sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花費多少時間做某事.
27.need to do sth.需要做某事.
28.How do you get to school?你怎樣到校？
29.I walk/I tak a bus. 我走路/坐汽車.
30.How does he get to his uncle』s house? 他怎樣到他叔叔家的？
31.He rides a bike. 他騎自行車去.
32.How far is it? 它有多遠？
33.It』s ten kilometers. 有十千米.
34.How long does it take you to get from home to school? 從你家到學校要花多長時間？
35.It takes about half an hour. 大約要花半個小時.
36.That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus. 那一定要比坐汽車有趣得多.
37.How can I get to….? 我怎樣到達…？
38.by water=by boat 坐船
39.by air=by plane 坐飛機
Unit 5
1.study for a test 復習考試
2.go to the doctor 去看病
3.have/take a piano lesson 上鋼琴課
4.help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事
5.help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人
6.Thank you for sth./doing sth. 為…而感謝
7.have/has/had to do =must do 不得不；必須
8.come over to… 順便來訪
9.the day after tomorrow 後天
10.keep quiet 保持安靜
11.I』d love/like to. 我願意.
12.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午
13.have a party 開晚會
14.come to the party 來參加聚會
15.visit sb.拜訪某人
16.go to the concert去音樂會
17.write soon 盡快回信
18.play tennis with sb. 和某人一起打網球
19.What』s today? 今天星期幾?
20.It』s Monday the 14th. 星期一，14號.
21.be free 有空---be busy 繁忙的
22.all day = the whole day 整天
23.Can you come to my party on Wednesday? 星期三你能來參加我的聚會嗎？
24.Sure,I』d love to. 當然啦，我願意去.
25.I』m sorry, I have to go to the doctor. 對不起，我得去看病.
26.That』s too bad.Maybe another time. 真遺憾.也許改天吧.
27.Thanks for asking (inviting) me/your invitation. 謝謝你邀請我.
28.I have too much homework this weekend.這個周末我有太多的家庭作業. 29.I』m going to my cousin』s birthday party. 我要去參加我表兄的生日聚會.
30.Can you come to the movies with us on Friday? 你星期五能和我們一起去看電影嗎？
Unit 6
1.good/well 好---better---best
2.many/much 許多---more---most
3.bad/ill---worse---worst 最壞 4.far---farther/further---farthest/furthest 最遠
5.little 小的,少的---less---least
6.look the same=look like 看起來像
7.in some ways在某些方面
8.as you can see 正如你能看到的
9.look different 看起來不同
10.in common 共同的
11.as +<形/副原級> +as …與…一樣
12.not as/so…as… …不如…
13.more than=over 多於,超過
14.be good at/do well in sth./doing sth. 愛好於…
15.make sb. +do 使某人…
16.have good grades 成績優良
17.be good with sb. 善於與某人相處
18.call…at +電話號碼 撥…找…
19.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
20.stop to do sth. 停下來做某事
21.begin with..以…開始
22.most of……中的大多數
23.primary school 小學
24.both…and… 兩者都
25.laugh at…嘲笑…
26.a little+比較級 …一點兒
27.much/far+比較級 …得多
28.even/still+比較級 更/還…
29.A +be+比較級+than+B A比B更…
30.A+be as +原級+as B A與B一樣…
31.A good friend likes to do the same things as me.好朋友喜歡跟我做一樣的事情.
32.I like to have friends who are like me/who are different from me. 我喜歡和我個性一樣/不一樣的朋友.
33.We both enjoy going to parties. 我們倆都喜歡去參加聚會.
34.Although my hair is shorter than hers. 盡管我的頭發比她的短. 35.thin---fat 胖的<反義詞>
36.tall---short 矮的<反義詞>
37.long---short 短的<反義詞>
38.calm---wild 粗魯的<反義詞>
39.interest興趣---interesting/interested <形>
40.my twin sister 我雙胞姐姐
Unit 7
1.take off 脫下
2.put on 穿上
3.cut up 切碎
4.turn on 打開
5.turn off 關掉
6.mix up混合在一起
7.put…away 把…收起來
8.take away拿走
9.Let me think讓我想想
10.a slice of bread 一片麵包
11.two teaspoons of honey 兩湯匙蜂蜜
12.two cups of yogurt 兩杯酸奶
13.a kilo of tomatoes 一公斤西紅柿
14.two bowls of water兩碗水
15.two baskets of apples兩籃蘋果
16.a bag of tea一袋茶葉
17.add…to…把…加到…上
18.pour…into… 倒…到…里
19.put…in(into)…放…在(到)…里
20.on the top 在頂部
21.first 首先
22.next 接著
23.then 然後
25.finally=at last 最後
26.an onion 一個洋蔥
27.in the bowl 在碗里
28.sandwich---sandwiches <復>
29.Let』s do sth. 讓我們做…
30.How many +可數名詞復數+一般疑問句？<對可數名詞數量提問>
31.How much +不可數名詞+一般疑問句？<對不可數名詞數量提問>
32.How much+一般疑問句？<對價錢提問>
33.How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎樣製作香蕉奶昔？
34.How many bananas do you need? 你需要多少香蕉？
35.How much yogurt do we need? 我們需要多少酸奶？
36.We need two oranges and two cups of milk. 我們需要兩個桔子和兩杯牛奶.
37.Do you like lettuce in sandwiches? 你喜歡在三明治里放生菜嗎？
38.peel three bananas 剝三個香蕉
Unit 8
1.hang out with…和…閑逛
2.take photos/pictures照相
3.go to the zoo去動物園
4.go to the aquarium 去水族館
5.go to the beach 去海灘
6.buy a souvenir 買一份紀念品
7.buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 買某物給某人
8.give sb. sth.=give sth.to sb.把某物給某人
9.pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb.遞某物給某人
10.get one』s autograph 得到某人的親筆簽名
11.win a prize 得了一個獎
12.win the first prize 得了冠軍
13.Visitors』 Center 遊客中心
14.on the school trip 在學校旅遊中
15.at the end of… 在…的盡頭
16.watch a dolphin show 觀看海豚表演
17.day off 休息日
18.have fun doing sth. 做某事有趣
19.That sounds interesting. 那聽起來很有趣.
20.go for a drive 去兜風
21.sleep late 睡懶覺
22.have/take a class 上課
23.on my next day off 在我下一個休息日
24.see you soon再見
25.How was your day off? 你的休息日過得怎樣？
26.(have) a yard sale (進行)庭院舊貨出售
27.in the future 未來，將來
28.have/eat…for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早餐/午餐/晚餐吃…
29.take the bus back to school 坐公共汽車回到學校
30.in the rain 在雨中
31.in the sun 在太陽下
32.in the yard 在院子里
33.come back from… 從…回來
34.what else 別的什麼
35.after that 之後
36.How was your school trip?你的學校旅遊怎樣？
37.What did you do last Sunday? 上周星期天你做了些什麼？
38.①.There is(was)+可數名詞單數(不可數名詞)+somewhere.②There are(were)+可數名詞復數+somewhere 某處有…
39.How was the weather yesterday? 昨天天氣如何？
40.Did you clean the classroom yesterday? 你昨天打掃了教室了嗎？ 41.Were there any sharks? 有鯊魚嗎？
42.win 贏<動>---winner 獲勝者<名>
Unit 9
1.be born 出生
2.world record 世界紀錄
3.hiccupping world record 打嗝世界紀錄
4.sb. has world record for…某人有….的世界紀錄
5.play…for national team為國家隊打…球
6.start/begin to do sth./doing sth.開始做某事
7.learn to do sth. 學習做某事
8.first have a party 第一次舉行聚會
9.a comedy called/named…一部名叫….的喜劇
10.too+形<原級>+to+do 太…而不能…
11.a piece of music 一首音樂
12.at the age of…=when sb. be …(years old) 在…歲時
13.take part in…=join 參加
14.hum songs 哼歌
15.major in 主修
16.women』s singles 女子單打
17.because of.. 因為…
18.all his free time他所有的空閑時間
19.talk about 談論
20.see sb. do sth.<已做>=see sb. doing sth.<正在做> 看見某人做某事 21.in the 70-year history of…在70年…的歷史中
22.69 years and 5 months 69年零5個月
23.in October 2000 在2000年10月
24.on May 2nd ,1983 在1983年5月2號
25.a famous tennis player 一個有名的網球運動員
26.for example 例如
27.well-known=famous 有名的，著名的
28.When were you born? 你何時出生的？
29.He was born in 1988.他出生於1988年.
30.How long did he hiccup?他打嗝打了多久？
31.He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months. 他打了69年零5個月的嗝. 32.When did he stop hiccupping? 他何時停止打嗝的？
33.You are never too young to start doing things. 你決不要因為年輕就不去做一些事情.
34.How old were you when you started learning English? 當你開始學英語時多少歲？
35.He spends all his free time with his grandson. 他所有的空閑時間和他的孫子一起度過.
36.science 科學---scientist 科學家
37.piano 鋼琴---pianist 鋼琴家
38.violin 小提琴---violinist小提琴家
39.tour 游覽---tourist 旅遊者
Unit 10
1.grow up 長大
2.computer programmer 電腦程序設計員
3.take acting lessons 上表演課
4.professional basketball player 職業籃球運動員
5.save money 存錢
6.at the same time 同時
7.somewhere interesting 有趣的地方
8.fashion shows 時裝展覽
9.I』m not sure yet. 我還不能確定.
10.a year or two =one or two years 一兩年
11.hold art exhibitions 舉辦藝術展覽
12.make the soccer team 組建足球隊
13.find a part-time job 找到一份兼職工作
14.play an instrument 彈奏樂器
15.make a resolution 制定計劃
16.get letters from...=hear from… 收到…的來信
17.communicate (better) with…與…(更好地)交流
18.move to…搬到…
19.a foreign language 一門外語
20.New Year』s Resolutions 新年計劃
21.study math really hard 刻苦認真地學習數學
22.practise doing sth. 練習做某事
23.at an art school 在藝術學校
24.exchange student 交換生
25.What are you going to be when you grow up? 你長大了打算做什麼？
26.How are you going to do that? 你打算怎樣做？
27.I』m going to do what I want to do. 我要做自己想做的事.
28.I』m going to move somewhere interesting. 我要搬到有趣的地方.
29.An old lady found a job as a foreign language teacher.一位老太太找了一份外語教師的工作.
30.I want to be a reporter for a fashion magazine. 我想當一名時裝雜志的記者.
31.last year 去年
32.this year 今年
33.next year 明年
34.talk with…與…交談
35.athlete=player 運動員
36.love---loving/lovely <形>
37.grandchild---grandchildren<復>
『柒』 初中八年級上冊英語語法
新目標八年級上冊英語課本
新目標八年級下冊英語課本
初中英語新目標八年級下講解版
初中英語新目標八年級上(講解)
你是找這些嗎？不知道你要的是哪個版，大概貼了些，在「人人英語聽力網」有免費下的，還有其他很多八年級的資料，你搜索關鍵詞就能出來
初二英語語法語法.txt你出生的時候，你哭著，周圍的人笑著;你逝去的時候，你笑著，而周圍的人在哭!喜歡某些人需要一小時,愛上某些人只需要一天,而忘記一個人得用一生一、 一般現在時
1.概念：經常、反復發生的動作或行為及現在的某種狀況。
2.時間狀語： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…) , once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays,
3.基本結構：動詞 原形 (如主語為第三人稱單數，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式)
4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are +not+其他; 此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動 詞，則在其前加don't, 如主語為第三人稱單數，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首;用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。
6.例句：It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他總是樂於幫助別人。
Action speaks louder than words.事實勝於雄辯。
二、 一般過去時
1.概念：過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態;過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為。
2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結構：主語+動詞或be的過去時+名詞
4.否定形式：主語+was/were +not+其他;在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句：was或were放於句首;用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。
6.例句：She often came to help us in t hose days.那些天她經常來幫助我們。
I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是這么忙。
三、 一般將來時
1.概念：表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或准備做某事。
2.時間狀語：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本結構：主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其它;主語+will/shall + do+其它
4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are not going to do ;主語+will/shall not do+其它
5.一般疑問句：be放於句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將有一場比賽和我們一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
四、 一般過去將來時
1.概念：立足於過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用於賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結構：主語+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式：主語+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句：was或were放於句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我問，誰要去那裡。
五、 現在進行時
1.概念：表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。
2.時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本結構：主語+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感覺如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現得很好。
六、 過去進行時
1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發生或進行的行為或動作。 新$課$標$第$一$網
2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。
3.基本結構 主語+was/were +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主語+was/were + not +doing+其它
5.一般疑問句：把was或were放於句首。(第一個字母大寫)
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段時間她在人民解放軍部隊工作。
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他進來時，我正在讀報紙。
七、 將來進行時
1.概念：表示將來某一時間正在進行的 動作，或表示要在將來某一時間開始，並繼續下去的動作。常用來表示詢問、請求等。
2.時間狀語：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening
3.基本結構：主語+shall/will + be +現在分詞+其它
4.否定形式：主語+shall/will + not + be +現在分詞+其它
5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的這個時間，他們正坐在電影院。
He won』t be coming to the party.他不去參加聚會了。
八、 過去將來進行時
1.概念：表示就過去某一時間而言,將來某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行的動作,主要用於賓語從句中,尤其多用於間接引語中。
2.基本結構：should/would + be +現在分詞
3.例句：They said they would be coming.他們說了他們將要來。
He said he could not com e because he would be having a meeting.他說他不能來因為要開會。
九、 現在完成時
1.概念：過去發生或已經 完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，或從過去已經開始，持續到現在的動作或狀態。
2.時間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時間點， for+時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
3.基本結構：主語+have/has +p.p(過去分詞)+其它
4.否定形式：主語+have/has + not +p.p(過去分詞)+其它
5.一般疑問句：have或has。
6.例句：I've written an article.我已經寫了一篇論文。
The countryside has changed a lot in th e past few years.在過去的幾年，農村發生了巨大的變化。
十、 過去完成時
1.概念：以過去某個時間為標准，在此以前發生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即「過去的過去」。
2.時間狀語：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc.
3.基本結構：主語+had + p.p(過去分詞)+其它 4.否定形式：主語+had + not +p.p(過去分詞)+其它
5.一般疑問句：had放於句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.當我們到車站的時候,火車已經開走了。
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books.到上個月底。我們有了四本書。
基本結構：主語+had+p.p(過去分詞)+其它
①肯定句：主語+ had+p.p(過去分詞)+其它
②否定句：主語+ had+ not+p.p(過去分詞)+其它
③一般疑問句：Had+主語+p.p(過去分詞)+其它
④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
十一、 將來完成時
1.概念：在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態
2.時間狀語：by the time of; by the end of+時間短語( 將來);by the time+從句(將來)
3.基本結構：主語+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(過去分詞)+其它
4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回來的時候,就將發生巨大的變化。
十二、 過去將來完成時
1.概念：表示在過去某一時間對將來某一時刻以前所 會發生的動作，常用在虛擬語氣中，表示與過去的事實相反。
2.基本結構：should/would have done sth.
3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想這會兒你已經走了。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告訴他們他會在8點以前幹完。
十三、 現在完成進行時
1.概念：表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續到現在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續，並可能延續到將來。
2.基本結構：主語+have/has +been +doing+其它
3.時間狀語：since+時間點，for+時間段等。
4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已經在這里坐了一個小時。
The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.從6點起，孩子們一直看電視。
十四、 過去完成進行時
1.概念：表示某個正在進行的動作或狀態，持續到過去某個時刻，還未完成，一直持續到之後的當前才結束。
2.基本結構：主語+ had + been + doing +其它
3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time?他們期待這個消息有一段時間了吧?
4.特殊含義：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已經在寫小說了。(他沒寫完)
②企圖：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾經學習過這個諺語。(他曾努力學習過它)
③未得結果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我們一直致力於敵人所說的。(但是我們沒有理解)
④最近情況：He had been quarrellin g with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一場架。(最近)
⑤反復動作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直問我相同的問題。(屢次)
⑥情緒：What had he been doing?他做了什麼?(不耐煩)
十五、 將來完成進行時
1.概念：表示動作從某一時間開始一直延續到將來某一時間。是否繼續下去，要視上下文而定。
2.基本結構：shall/will have been doing
3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我將在這個工廠工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get t here. 咱們如不快一點兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會關了。
十六、 過去將來完成進行時
1.概念：表示從過去某時看至未來某時以前會一直在進行的動作。
2.基本結構：should/would + have + been +現在分詞
3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告訴 我，到年底時，他就在那住了30年了。
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『捌』 八上英語期中語法問題
八年級上英語語法點滴
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什麼時候離開上海的？
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你為什麼要離開上海去北京？
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有「竟會」的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎麼知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚？
should有時表示應當做或發生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點：
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2. 用於提出意見勸導別人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業。如：
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的？
該句相當於：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：
What color do you like best? （所有顏色）
你最喜愛什麼顏色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范圍）
你最喜愛哪一種顏色？
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些圖片來自中國？
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：
always（總是，一直）
usually（通常）
often（常常，經常）
sometimes（有時候）
never（從不）
2.頻度副詞的位置：
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如：
David is often arrives late for school.
大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天經常在7：10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有時我步行回家，有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時，主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如：
Never have I been there.
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day 作狀語，譯為「每一天」。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7：10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語，譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活動是什麼？
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。
助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，例如：
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
（doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義）
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來：
a. 表示時態，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。
b. 表示語態，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎？
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？
d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。 ( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。 (to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 記得做過某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢，現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提問：1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然，學生多了更多的回答角度，也體現了考試的靈活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
5.在以下結構中：
enjoy doing sth 樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式，即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如：
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如：
man（單數）---men（復數） banana（單數）---bananas（復數）
3.動詞有原形，第三人稱單數形式，-ing分詞，過去式，過去分詞。如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候，謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式，即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如：
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如：
man（單數）---men（復數） banana（單數）---bananas（復數）
3.動詞有原形，第三人稱單數形式，-ing分詞，過去式，過去分詞。如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候，謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名詞的復數構成的幾種形式
名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
I 名詞復數的規則變化
1.一般在名詞詞尾加-s。如：
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x結尾的名詞，詞尾加-es。如：
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o結尾的某些名詞，詞尾加-es。如：
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以輔音字母加-y結尾的名詞，將-y變為-i,再加-es。如：
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe結尾的名詞，將-f或-fe變為-v，再加-es。如：
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是：
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名詞復數的不規則變化
1.將-oo改為--ee。如：
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.將-man改為-men。如：
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加詞尾。如：
child---children
4.單復數同形。如：
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示「某國人」的單、復數變化。即「中日瑞不變英法變，其它國把-s加後面」。如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如：
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 雙寫最後一個字母的-ing分詞
初中階段常見的有以下這些：
1.let→letting 讓
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘記
put→putting 放
set→setting 設置
babysit→babysitting 臨時受雇照顧嬰兒
2.shop→shopping 購物
trip→tripping 絆
stop→stopping 停止
drop→dropping 放棄
3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅遊
swim→swimming 游泳
run→running 跑步
dig→digging 挖、掘
begin→beginning 開始
prefer→preferring 寧願
plan→planning 計劃
15) 肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞
1.some變為any。如：
There are some birds in the tree.
→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是，若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some可以不變。如：
Would you like some orange juice?
與此相關的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進行相應變化。
2.and變為or。如：
I have a knife and a ruler.
→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.a lot of (=lots of)變為many或much。如：
They have a lot of friends.（可數名詞）
→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可數名詞）
→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
4.already變為yet。如：
I have been there already.
→I haven't been there yet.
16) in與after
in 與 after 都可以表示時間，但二者有所區別。
1.in 經常用於將來時的句子中，以現在為起點，表示將來一段時間。如：
He will leave for Beijing in a week.
一周後他會動身去北京。
2.after 經常用於過去時的句子中，以過去為起點，表示過去一段時間。如：
He left for Beijing after a week.
一周後他動身去了北京。
不過，如果after後跟的是具體的時刻，它也可用於將來時。如：
We will finish the work after ten o'clock.
十點後我們會完成工作的。
3.注意區分以下的in的用法。
I'll visit him in a week.
一周後我會去拜訪他。
I'll visit him twice in a week.
一周內我會去拜訪他兩次。
17) 不定冠詞a與an的使用
1.a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如：
There is a "b" in the word "book".
單詞book中有個字母b。
類似的字母還有：c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
She has a small knife.
她有一把小刀。
2.an 用於以母音音素開頭的單詞前。如：
There is an "i" in the word "onion".
單詞onion中有個字母i。
類似的字母還有：a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
Do you have an umbrella?
你有一把雨傘嗎？
3.以母音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an；以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a。如：
a useful book
a universe
a one-letter word
an hour
an uncle
an umbrella
an honest person
『玖』 八年級上學期的英語語法總結（全部）！
一、只能修飾可數名詞的詞語有:
many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如:
Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening.
開張後的頭幾天,很多人去了那兒。
I have been there dozens of times.
我已去過那兒很多次了。
There』re a number of students reading English in the classroom.
教室里有許多學生在讀英語。
Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(謂語動詞用單數)
很多學生都游覽過長城。
In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow.
冬天很多動物在雪下冬眠。
注意: many所修飾的復數名詞前若有限定詞,many 後面要接of, 表示「……中的很多」。 例如:
A great many(of the) graates have found jobs.
畢業生中很多人已經找到了工作。
二、只能修飾不可數名詞的詞語有:
much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如:
Is there much water in the bucket?
桶里有很多水嗎?
He always has a great amount of work to do.
他總是有很多工作要做。
三、既能修飾可數名詞又能修飾不可數名詞的詞語有:
a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三個詞語後謂語動詞的數依of 後的名詞的單復數而定),a great / large quantity of (其後謂語用單數),quantities of (其後謂語用復數)。例如:
There is still lots of snow in the garden.
花園里還有許多雪。
There is plenty of rain here.
這兒的雨水很多。
A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall.
大廳里放了很多鮮花。
There are large quantities of food in the cupboard.
櫥櫃里有許多食物。
在所有這些表示「很多」的詞語中many, much 是最常用的詞,它們既可以用於肯定句,也可以用於疑問句和否定句。例如:
Are there many people in the street?
街上有很多人嗎?
There isn』t much time left.
剩下的時間不多了。
其它的詞語都用於肯定句,日常會話中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of; 正式文體中常用 a great many, a (large) number of, a great deal of, scores of 或 dozens of 等。但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等詞修飾時,則必須使用 many, much。例如:
The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000.
無家可歸的人數多達250,000人。
There is too much work to do.
要做的工作太多了。
或者是這樣的，你自己看下，哪Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑問句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法：
結構：特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句， 即：特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語（+其他）
疑問代詞：
1) Who:誰。做主語，用來指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2）Whom 誰，做賓語，用來指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 誰的，用來指所屬關系，如果做定語，一般後接名詞 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪個，哪些，用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily』s?
5)What什麼，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑問副詞：
When:何時，詢問時間 When will she come back?
Where何地，詢問地點， Where do you come from?
Why為什麼，詢問原因， Why are you late for school?
How 如何，詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大，詢問年齡，How old is Jim』s little brother?
How many/much多少，詢問數量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多遠，詢問距離， How far is it form your home to school?
How long多長，多久，詢問時間的長度或距離 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多長時間按一次，詢問頻率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久，詢問時間 How soon will you come back?
頻率副詞：表示動作發生的頻率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What』s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化，後接動詞原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型「be+doing」其中be是助動詞，它有人稱和單復數的變化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式，但用於表示將來。用進行時表將來，常用於表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情，一般指個人計劃要做的事。用於此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，結構為「be+doing.」
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之後加not. I』m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑問句是將be置於句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I』m not./ We aren』t.
四．特殊疑問句「疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。」
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引導的特殊疑問句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等詞開頭的疑問句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It』s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑問句的簡略結構：how about…?+ 名詞或動詞-ing形式，用於提出建議、請求或徵求意見、詢問消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情態動詞can及邀請句式及其問答
情態動詞can的用法：
Can 是最長用的情態動詞，其後跟動詞原形，can的否定形式為cannot，can』t.
can表「能力」，意思是：能，會 I can paly basketball,but I can』t swim.
can表示能力時可和be able to 互換，be able to有更多的時態，常被用來表示can所 不能表示的將來或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示「可能性」，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允許，意思是可以能夠 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示「驚訝、不相信等（用於疑問句、否定句或感嘆句中」。意思是「會、可能。」
This can』t be true. Can it be true?
如何發出、接受和謝絕別人的邀請
表達邀請的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀請的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. OK. I』d love to.
謝絕邀請的常用句型：
I』m sorry, I can』t. I have to…
I』m afraid I can』t. I have to…
I don』t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I』m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容詞的比較級
規則變化、不規則變化（課本P93）
than 是比較級中最常見的標志詞，意思是「比」。用於引出比較的對象。1.He draws better than me.2.You』re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容詞比較級前，有時可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等詞來修飾。Much 和far表示「……得多」,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一點。a little shorter, 稍微矮點；even表示「甚至，更加，還要……」even bigger還要大些，three times表示 「…三倍」，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very絕不可以用來修飾比較級，very,so,too, quite 修飾原級
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可數名詞與不可數名詞
一．可數名詞
英語中的物質名詞大體上可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。可數名詞指物體的數量可數。其單數形式可在名詞前加a或an,表示一個，如a pear. 其負數形式要在詞尾加-s,或-es（特殊情況除外），如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二．不可數名詞
1.不可數名詞指物體的數量不可數。不可數名詞沒有單復數之分，也不能在詞前直接加冠詞a 或an.表示不可數名詞的數量時可在不可數名詞前加相應的由量詞構成的短語。如a bag of… 2.常見的量詞短語有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可數名詞還可以用下面的詞表示數量：much much rain a little little
4.既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞有：
Lots of= a lot of許多，大量 some一些（用於肯定句）any一些（用於否定句和一般疑問句）
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般過去時：指在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態，常和表示過去意義的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有時也可用when,after,before, as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。該時態在句中的體現是謂語動詞用過去式。謂語be動詞→was/were 否定：wasn』t /weren』t
Be動詞句型
一般疑問句：was/were +主語…
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was/were+主語
陳述句：主語+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主語+wasn』t/weren』t+…
行為動詞句型（當句中的動詞為行為動詞時，要藉助動詞did構成一般疑問句和否定句）
肯定式：主語+動詞過去式
否定式：主語+didn』t+動詞原形
一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形
特殊疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般過去時的特殊疑問句
一般過去時的特殊疑問句的變法同一般現在時一樣，不同之處在於須將be動詞或助動詞改為過去時態，即「特殊疑問詞+were或was(第三人稱單數)+主語+（表語）+其他成分」或「特殊疑問詞+助動詞did+主語+實義動詞+其他成分。」
以when引導的特殊疑問句，對某人的出生年月進行提問，句型是：
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +時間
When was David beckham born? 大衛.貝克漢姆是什麼時候出生的？He was born in 1975.
二．以how long 引導的特殊疑問句，對表示某一短時間的狀語進行提問。句型是：
How long did + 主語+動詞？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什麼時候開始打嗝？When +did+主語+動詞？
Unit 10 I』m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般將來時
表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
1. be going to + 動詞原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 動詞原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +動詞不定式 You are to be back by 10 o』clock.
5. be + about + 動詞不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情態動詞
情態動詞，表示說話者對某一動作的看法和態度，包括可能、懷疑、允許、願望、必要、猜測等。Can(能、會),may( 可以),must( 必須、一定)等。
情態動詞的特點：(1)情態動詞有一定詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須和另一個動詞原形一起構成謂語，且沒有人稱和數的變化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)變否定句時，直接在情態動詞後面加not,無需加助動詞。He can』t play the guitar well.
He can』t answer the question. You mustn』t be late.
(3)含有情態動詞的句子變一般疑問句時，須將情態動詞提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意為「能，會，可以。」can』t, 意為「不能，不會，不可以。」，還有「不可能」之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can』t. It can』t be true.
(5)can 也可表示請求與邀請
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What』s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容詞/副詞的最高級，用於三者或三者以上的人或事物之間的比較，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一個 「最……」見課本p93語法
the +最高級 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高級可被序數詞以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修飾。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容詞，excellent, extreme, prefect等沒有最高級也不能用比較級。He is an excellent teacher.
形容詞最高級間修飾做表語或介詞並與的名詞代詞是，被修飾的詞往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高級，A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序數詞+最高級 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高級+復數名詞 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.個完整你選擇哪個吧！