高中英語關於省略的語法

1. 高中英語省略問題

答案來：A

解釋：

1. 這說明樓主對狀語從句源的省略語法掌握不夠。

2. 狀語從句的省略是有兩個條件的，不符合條件則不能使用省略語法。

   條件如下：狀語從句的主語和主句主語相同或從句的主語是it，而且狀語從句的謂語含有be動詞

3. 而省略的方式是：省略狀語從句的主語和be動詞。

4. 所以原句只能改寫成：If (I am) going to the park，所以答案是A

5. 如果選B，則句子必須寫成：If (I am) went to the park，明顯錯誤！

6. 一般來說：

   如果主句主語和狀語從句的謂語動詞之間為主動關系，則省略成：連詞 + 現在分詞（doing）

   如果主句主語和狀語從句的謂語動詞之間為被動關系，則省略成：連詞 + 過去分詞（done）
   

2. 高中英語省略句

省略句是英語的一種習慣用法。按照語法的分析，句子應該具備的成分，有時出於修辭上的需要，在句中並不出現，這種句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences，這種語法現象稱為「省略」（ellipsis or leaving words out。其特點是：雖然省去句子語法構造所需要的組成部分，但仍能表達其完整的意義。省略形式多樣，從單詞、短語到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的銜接關系，不容臆斷。

• 例子：

（ 1 ）省略介詞

I ' ve studied English (for) five years. 我已學五年英語了。

（ 2 ）省略連詞that

I believe (that) you will succeed ． 我相信你們會成功的。

It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走，真遺憾。

I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她會幫你的。

註：在賓語從句中，當有兩個及以上並列從句時，第一個that可省，以後的均不可省。

（ 3 ）省略關系代詞

I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都給你。

3.句子成分的省略

（ 1 ）省略主語

Beg your pardon. （我）請你原諒。（ Beg 前省略了主語 I ）

Take care! 保重！（ Take 前省略了主語 you ）

Looks as if it will rain. 看起來象要下雨。（ Looks 前省略了主語 it ）

（ 2 ）省略謂語

Who next? 該誰了？（ Who 後面省略了謂語 comes ）

The river was deep and the ice thin. （ ice 後面省略了 was ）

We ' ll do the best we can. 我們將盡力而為。（ can 後面省略了動詞do ）

（ 3 ）省略表語

Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准備好了嗎？ 我准備好了。（ am 後面省略了 ready ）

He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他還是象年輕時那樣，是一位運動愛好者。（ had been 後面省略了 a lover of sports ）

（ 4 ）省略賓語

Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧，我來洗，你來揩乾。（ wash 和 dry 後面省略了賓語 dishes ）

（ 5 ）省略定語

He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那錢他花了部分，其餘的他都存了起來。（ the rest 後面省略了定語 of the money ）

（ 6 ）省略狀語

He was not hurt. Strange! 他沒有受傷，真奇怪！（ Strange 前面省略了狀語 how ）

• 高考考點：

一、在含有狀語從句的復合句中的省略

在下列含有狀語從句的復合句中，若從句的主句是it或與主句的主語相同，且在謂語中含有be時，常省略從句的主語和be：由when，while，as soon as, once，whenever引導的時間狀語從句；if，unless引導的條件狀語從句；though，although，even if，even though引導的讓步狀語從句；as though，as if，as引導的方式狀語從句；because引導的原因狀語從句；wherever引導的地點狀語從句。例如：

Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.

Drop in on me if (it is) possible.

二、在限制性定語從句中的省略

在限制性定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞that、which、whom可以省略；在以the same

... as和such ... as引導的定語從句中，可以省略與主句相同的部分；the way後面的定語從句中，可以省略that或in which。

三、 省略to與保留to的現象

（1）在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listen to等感官動詞或短語及make，have，let等使役動詞之後的「賓語+不定式作賓語補足語」結構中，不定式前不能加to。例如：

I watched him disappear in the distance.

四、 替代詞so / not的替代現象

替代詞so / not用於避免重復前面所說過的內容。它可與動詞believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think等及I』m afraid連用。

肯定時： 以上動詞都可與so搭配；表示否定時：hope只用I hope not.不說I don』t hope so；think, believe, suppose等詞可有兩種否定形式，即：I think not.或I don』t think so.例如：

—Is he going to study abroad?

—I believe so. (so = he is going to study abroad.)

五、 在if引導的虛擬條件句中

在if引導的虛擬條件句中含有had，were，should時，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略if。例如：

Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

就這么多吧。。。

3. 高中英語省略句省略句是什麼語法

省略句的基本情況分為以下三個方面：
1.為避免重復而進行的省略。
當一個句子中有兩個或更多相同的詞、短語出現時，其中的第一個須保留，其餘的往往省略，以達到避免重復、使句子簡練的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情況是：當時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、方式狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、條件狀語從句等狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致並含有be時，往往將該狀語從句中的主語和be一同省略。例如： He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打籃球時受了傷。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他雖然身體還很虛弱，但他非常努力地工作。
2.語法上的省略。
有些成分的省略是出於語法上的原因——使表述更為簡明，例如： He got up at six (o』clock).他六點鍾起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二歲。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。
3.習慣用法上的省略。
有些省略句的情況是出於習慣用法，尤其是在口語中。例如，在問句中be常常省略，有時連主語一起省略： Very easy?很簡單嗎？// Feeling unwell?感覺不舒服嗎？
又如以what, how或why開頭的某些問句： What (happened) next?下面要發生什麼？// Why not?為什麼不？// Why so?為什麼這樣？

4. 高中英語語法省略句,倒裝句解析.

主語的省略

Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isn』 it?
Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.)
謂語的省略

--what do you think made Mary so upset?
--Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset).
狀語從句的省略

Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane), the house looks like tiny toys.
If (it is) possible, I』ll go there with you.
不定式的省略

The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.)
--Alice, why didn』t you come yesterday?
--I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor

2.21 倒裝句之全部倒裝
全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有：
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置於句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.

2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首，謂語表示運動的動詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.

注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。
Here he comes. Away they went.
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2.22 倒裝句之部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞，則需添加助動詞do, does或did，並將其置於主語之前。

1)句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
當Not until引出主從復合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例題

1)Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit
答案A. 這是一個倒裝問題。當否定詞語置於句首以表示強調時，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結構。 這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我們知道為一倒裝句，答案在C，D 中選一個。
改寫為正常語序為，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現在將not提前，後面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。

2.23 以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例題
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B.has the game begun
C. did the game begin D.had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時，一般採用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when等等。

注意：只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置於句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個並列詞語，不可用倒裝結構。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
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2.24 so, either, nor作部分倒裝
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒裝。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.

典型例題
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also
答案：B. nor為增補意思"也不關心"，因此句子應倒裝。A錯在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不對且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。

注意： 當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，不可用倒裝結構。意為"的確如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard.---So it is.

2.25 only在句首要倒裝的情況
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子為主從復合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

2.26 as, though引導的倒裝句
as / though引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 （形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實義動詞提前）。

注意：
1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
2) 句首是實義動詞, 其他助動詞放在主語後。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語, 隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意:
讓步狀語從句中，有though，although時，後面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。

2.27 其他部分倒裝
1) so… that 句型中的so 位於句首時，需倒裝。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2)在某些表示祝願的句型中：
May you all be happy.

3)在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞，可將if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主語之前，採取部分倒裝。
Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例題：
1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案為D.否定詞Not在句首，要求用部分倒裝的句子結構。

2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didn't realizeD. I realize
答案為B。

3)Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also
解析：答案為B.句中的nor引出部分倒裝結構，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引導的倒裝句，表示前一情況的重復出現。其中, so用於肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

5. 高考英語語法省略的用法怎樣用舉例

英語中為了避免重復，往往省去一個詞語或更多成分，這種語法現象稱為省略。省略的情況復雜、多樣，綜合近年來的高考題，常在以下幾個方面對省略進行考查。
一、 考查狀語從句中的省略
例1. When first ______to the market, theseprocts enjoyed great success. (2004高考)
A. introcing B.introced C.introce D.being introced
2._____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does notseem big at all. (2004湖北)
A. Compare B.When comparing C. Comparing D.Whencompared
3.The research is so designed thatonce nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全國)
A. begins B. havingbegun C. beginning D.begun
Key：1.B 2.D 3.D
簡析 狀語從句中，如果主句的主語和從句的主語一致，且狀語從句的謂語動詞中有be動詞，從句的主語連同be可一起省略，該類狀語從句多為時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步等，連詞為when,while, though, if, unless, although, as if等，後面通常接分詞、不定式、形容詞、名詞等。
例 Look out for cars when （you are） crossingthe street.
另外，在when /if it is necessary , possible 結構中， it is通常省略。
例 Drop in on me if (it is ) possible.
二、 考查定語從句中關系代詞及關系副詞的省略
例.1.That』s an unpleasant thing to say aboutyour father after _______ he』s done for you. (2004高考)
A. something B. anything C. all D.that
2. Playing tricks on others is ______we should never do.(2004湖南)
A. anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
3. What surprised me was not what he said but ___he said it. (2004湖北)
A. the way B. in the waythat C. in the way D. the way which
Key: 1.C 2.B 3.A
簡析 關系代詞在限制性定語從句中充當賓語且不位於介詞之後可以省略；關系副詞 that在先行詞reason/ way後的省略。
例 This is the reason why / for which / that/省略he was late. (that 為關系副詞，可省略)
三、不定式符號to 的省略
例:1.A computer does only what thinking people _________.(1999上海)
A. have it do B. have itdone C. havedone it D.having it done
2. We』ve missed the last bus. I』m afraid we have no choice but_____ a taxi. (1993上海)
A. to take B.taking C. take D.taken
Key: 1.A 2.A
簡析:不定式在感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listento, overhear, observe 和使役動詞 have, make, let 後作賓語補足語時,不定式省略to。
例 I watched him disappear in the distance.
不定式符號to在介詞but ,except, besides後的省略。介詞but ,except,besides 後接不定式作賓語時，介詞前有行為動詞do,不定式要省去to。
例We did nothing but/except wait then.
不定式符號to作表語時的省略。當主語部分有行為動詞do,作表語的不定式to可省略。
例What I want to do now is find some books to read.
四、考查不定式後動詞的省略
例: 1.--- Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with metonight.
--- ______.(1999上海高考)
A. Yes, I would like to go to the Great Theater with youtonight.
B. I』d love to, but I have an exam tomorrow.
C. No, I wouldn』t D.That』s all right
2.--- Does your brother intend to studyGermany?
--- Yes, heintends ________. (1998上海高考)
A./ B.to C.so D.that
3.--- I』ll be away on a business trip. Wouldyou mind looking after my car?
--- Not atall. ________. (1995NMET)
A. I』ve no time B. I』d rathernot C. I』d likeit D. I』d behappy to
Key: 1.B 2.B 3.D
簡析 動詞love, mean, want, hate, like, wish,expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad(pleased, delighted, happy) to等後面接不定式時，為避免重復，常省略與上文相同的動詞，只保留to不定式符號。
例--- How about going for a walk ?
--- I』d like to ( go for a walk ) .
句式would have done …, should have done…, ought to have done…,needn』t have done …, used to be …等省略形式為 would have ,should have , ought to have, needn』t have , used to be,要保留不定式後的be或have。
例 ---Are you a sailor ?
--- No, but I used to be (a sailor).
五、對替代詞so 及not 的考查
1. --- You haven』t lost the ticket, have you?
--- ______.I know it』s not easy to get another one at the moment.(2004江蘇高考)
A. I hopenot B. Yes, Ihave C. I hope so D. Yes, I』m afraidso
2. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they ?
--- ________.(2003北京春)
A. I guess notso B. I don』t guess C. I don』t guessso D. I guessnot
3.--- I believe we』ve met somewhere before.
--- No, ________. (2000北京春)
A. it isn』t the same B. it can』t be true C. I don』t think so D. I』d rather not
Key: 1.A 2.D 3.C
簡析 替代詞so /not用於避免重復前面所說過的內容，代替肯定的名詞性從句。可與動詞believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及I』m afraid連用。肯定時上列動詞都可與so 搭配，否定時hope與guess只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose等詞可有兩種否定形式 ，即：I think not 或I don』t think so.
例 --- Is he going to studyabroad?
--- I believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad)
六、 考查虛擬語氣中if 及should 的省略
1._____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to putoff the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 )
A. Were B. Should C. Would D.Will
2.What would have happened _______ as far as the river bank ?(2001上海高考)
A. Bob hadwalkedfarther B. if Bobshould walk farther
C. had Bobwalkedfarther D. if Bobwalked farther
3.Jane』s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination.( 1994上海高考)
A. be,should have B. was,have C. should be, had D. was,has
4.____be sent to work there ? (2002上海高考)
A. Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest whoshould D. Do yousuggest
Key: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
簡析 在書面語中,當條件從句有were, had, should 時省略if , 把它們提至句首,形成倒裝句式。
在含有建議、要求、命令等相關的名詞性從句用should + V ，should可以省略。
例 He suggested that she (should ) go atonce.
注suggest表示「暗示」 時用陳述語氣
七、 會話中的省略
例: 1.---Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party lastnight.
--- ______. I』m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004遼寧)
A. Soundsgood! B. Very well C. How nice ! D. All right!
2.--- Let』s go and have a good drink tonight.
--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition?(2004重慶)
A. What for ? B. Thanks alot . C. Yes, I』d liketo D. Why not?
3. ---Brad was Jane』sbrother!
--- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane ! (2004浙江)
A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course
4. If you are planning to spend your moneyhaving fun this week, better ____ it —— you』ve got some bigbills coming. (2004廣東高考)
A. forget B.forgot C. forgetting D. toforget
Key: 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A
簡析 省略在會話中廣泛應用，解題時應按照問話或答語的具體內容補充完整,做好該類題型一是要注意上下文語境，二是要注意常見句式的省略。英語中常見句式的省略有：
1.It is … (that…) 強調句式中that部分省略。 2.(It is) No wonder … ( 難怪…)
3.(Is there) Anything else ?
4.(You』d) Better do
5.have some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth等片語中介詞在口語中常省略
例: 1.--- Where did you see him last night?
--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.
A. where B.that C.which D. /
2. You can』t imagine the great difficulty I had _____ yourhouse.
A. finding B.found C. tofind D. find
key 1.A 2.A
簡析 第1題可以補全強調句式that 部分： It was inthe hotel where he stayed that I saw him last night. hotel後為定語從句。
第2題是對have difficulty in doing sth片語置於定語從句的考查，介詞in 的省略加大了該題的難度。
高考鏈接
1. --- Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
--- ______. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn』t agreemore B. I』m afraid not
C. I believenot D. I don』t think so
2. --- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?
--- _______? (2004 全國I 卷)
A. Whatfor B. What is it
C. How isit D. How come
3. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer andsome nails. (2004天津高考)
A.Something B. All
C.Both D. Everything
4. Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at theconference. (2003年上海春季高考)
A.invited B. inviting
C. beinginvited D. having invited
5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____whether he was going in the right direction.（2003年北京春季）
A.seeing B. having seen
C. to haveseen D. to see
6. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him touniversity. (2002 年上海高考)
A.lacked B. lacking of
C.lacking D. lacked in
7. When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.(2002年 上海春季高考)
A.completed B. completing
C. beingcompleted D. to be completed
8. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance toscience. ( 1998上海高考)
A. which I think is B. which Ithink it is
C. which I thinkit D. I thinkis
9. If ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.(1998年上海高考)
A.giving B.give
C.given D. beinggiven
10. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
---I ________, but I had an unexpected visitor. (1997NMET）
A.had B. would
C. was goingto D.did
Key: 1-5.AABAA 6-10. CAACC
綜上所述，高考對省略的考查主要對狀語從句中的省略、不定式的省略、否定問句的省略回答、虛擬條件句中if的省略及比較級的省略的考查。只有掌握了常見的省略現象及其考查形式，才能以不變應萬變，在高考中立於不敗之地。

6. 高中英語語法省略句怎麼講解

省略句其實不用作為一項專題來講解，
因為在英語中省略無處不在，在講到具體的回語法點時，比答如講到時間狀語從句時，帶著講一下時間狀語從句的省略就行了。
也就是只能在具體的語法點里，如果有省略的用法就帶著講一下，等語法點講的差不多了，省略的用法也就基本上都帶到了，這時再來簡單總結一下即可，畢竟省略不是重點。

7. 省略的英語語法

「省略」來
⒈omit; to abridge; to abbreviate; to leave out
⒉[Grammar] ellipsis; abbreviation
為了使語言簡自潔或避免重復，省略句中的一個或幾個句子成分，這種語法現象稱為省略。
被省略的部分
1 主語
例句： 1 Beg your pardon.
2 (It)Sounds like a good idea.
2謂語或謂語的一部分
例句： 1(Is there)Anything I can do for you?
2(Is) Anybody here?
3賓語
例句： A:Where is Tom now?
B:I don't know (where Tom is now).
4不定式to後省略動詞
例句： 1 A:Would you like to come to the party?
B:I'd love to(come to the party.)
2 They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents).

8. 在英語中省略的用法

省略句（elliptical sentences）
定義：省略句是英語的一種習慣用法。按照語法的分析，句子應該具備的成分，有時出於修辭上的需要，為了避免重復、突出新信息使上下文緊密連接的修辭手段。
省略的部分：單詞、短語、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的銜接關系，不容臆斷
一、哪些部分可以省略
（一）省略單詞 1、省略介詞
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四個小時復習功課。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已學五年英語了。 2、省略連詞
I believe (that) you will succeed ． 我相信你們會成功的。 It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走，真遺憾。 I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她會幫你的。 3、省略關系代詞
I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都給你。 He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看過我昨天買的書了。 二、省略句子成分
1、省略主語
Beg your pardon. （我）請你原諒。（ Beg 前省略了主語 I ） Take care! 當心！（ Take 前省略了主語 you ） Looks as if it will rain. 看起來象要下雨。（ Looks 前省略了主語 it ） 2、省略謂語
Who next? 該誰了？（ Who 後面省略了謂語 comes ）
The river was deep and the ice thin. （ ice 後面省略了 was ） We ' ll do the best we can. 我們將盡力而為。（ can 後面省略了動詞 do ）
3、省略表語
Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准備好了嗎？ 我准備好了。（ am 後面省略了 ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他還是象年輕時那樣，是一位運動愛好者。（ had been 後面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略賓語
Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧，我來洗，你來揩乾。（ wash 和 dry 後面省略了賓語 dishes ）
5、省略定語
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那錢他花了部分，其餘的他都存了起來。（ the rest 後面省略了定語 of the money ）
6、省略狀語
He was not hurt. Strange! 他沒有受傷，真奇怪！（ Strange 前面省略了狀語 how ）
二、什麼句式中可以省略
1. 簡單句中的省略： 在對話中，交談雙方都知道談論的對象，則可以省略句子的主語，省略主語和謂語的現象在交際用語中出現的很多。 如省略it 和 主語 I （1）Looks like rain. （it）
（2）Hope to hear from you soon. (I)
（3）Sounds like a good idea.
2. 並列句中的省略：在並列句中，相同的成分如主語，謂語，賓語等都可以省略： （1）They learn French and we English.
（2）My father planned and built all these houses. （3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
3. 復合句中的省略： 定語從句：（1）That』s the reason he is late for the conference.
狀語從句：（1）If heated, water will boil. （2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river. 賓語從句：如果賓語從句中的謂語部分與主句的謂語部分或上文的謂語部分相同，可將從句部分的謂語省略。
（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.
（2）—Is Mr. King in his office? —Sorry, I don』t know（whether he is in his office or not）.
4. 動詞不定式的省略：在動詞不定式結構中，為避免重復，常常省略不定式結構中的動詞原形，只保留to。 （1）—Would you like to go with us ? —I』m glad to*, but I have to finish my homework.
在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to等結構中，常常省略to後面的動詞原形。 （1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to* （2）He doesn』t get up early as he used to*. （3）I』ll hand it in if I have to*.
（4）—Would you like to come tonight ? —I』d love to.
Tell , warn , order , advise , ask等動詞的賓語後接動詞不定式做賓語補足語時，可以省略to後的動詞原形。 （1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.
（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to.
三、特殊用法 一、原文「空缺」，譯文「增補」
兩個主語不同的句子，謂語有相同部分，也有不同部分，如果用連詞連接起來進行對比，則其相同部分在後面分句中可以省略，這樣，後面分句中就出現「空缺」現象。「空缺」處通常被省略的是動詞，或動詞及其賓語、補足語等。漢譯時不妨採用「補齊」的方法。
例如：A sound must be heard，a colour seen，a flavour tasted，an odour inhaled．，顏色必須目視，滋味必須口嘗，氣味必須鼻吸。（後三句省略 must be） Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend．；數學使人精細；邏輯和修辭使人善辯。（原文後兩句省略make men） 二、英語狀語從句中的省略部分可不譯
than引出的比較從句中，套有when引導的時間從句或if引導的條件從句，而且該比較從句中的省略部分與整個句子的主要結構一致時則比較從句的省略部分可省略不譯。例如：
My uncle is better than when I wrote to我伯父的身體比我上次給你去信時好些了（．．．than後面省略了he was） 三、對英語中一些特殊省略結構譯法需靈活，指的是按正常語法規則分析，有的無法增補，有的要用不同的方式來增補，使之成為完全句。因此，漢譯英時，視上下文加以靈活處理。
1．「賓語＋主語＋謂語„„and ＋謂語」結構
其中and連接的，是用作不同成分的同一個詞，這個詞既是第一分句的賓語，又是第二分句的主語。此結構的特點是，把賓語提到句首，使之兼任後一分句的主語，達到簡化句子結構的目的。漢譯時，可仍先譯賓語，不必改變原文的語序。例如：
This substance we call water，and come next only to oxygen．這種物質稱為水，其重要性僅次於氧。（＝We call this substance water，and this substance comes next only to oxygen．） 2．以「Hence ＋名詞」開頭的結構
hence是表示結果意義的連接副詞，hence前面的句子表示原因，hence後面則省略了類似 come的動詞。它是倒裝句。例如：
Hence（comes）this instruction of the experiment因此，有這本實驗說明書。 3．某些常用片語引導的省略疑問句，通常不需要寫出其省略部分。例如： How（is it）about the result？結果怎麼樣呢？
4．由習語組成的省略結構 So much is for the foundry processes．工藝過程的內容就是這些。（＝Enough has been said or done about．．．；That is all we'll say about...） Now for the sound-wave method．現在談談風波方法。（＝And we will now talk about．．．） The grinding machine you operate must be oiled，and that at once．油，而且要馬上上油。（and that是個加強語氣的省略結構。that是指示代詞，代替上文的全部，與and連用表示強調，後接狀語。＝andmustbeoiledat可譯為「而且」。）
四、介詞（短語）的「無勝於有」
英語介詞（短語）應用之頻繁，簡直到了「不可稍離」的地步。它是功能詞中最積極、最活躍之一。但有時，為了用詞簡潔精練，在上下文意境清楚的前提下，介詞常常省略。譯文中也要採取相應的簡潔表達手法。
1． 動名詞-ing前，有時省略介詞。
Most people just ruin scissors by）trying to sharpen them．大多數人想把剪刀磨快，結果卻磨壞了。 2． 在含有way，height，length，size，shape， ckness等慣用語前，有時省略介詞。 Try to keep your letters on）this side of 500 words．寫信請勿超過五百字。
3． 在以next，this，one，every，each，some，等開頭的時間狀語前，有時省略介詞。 Nine days（from）now will be May Day．起再過九天，便是五一節。
4． 在「noun ＋participle」，「noun ＋and all」結構中，有時省略介詞「with」。 He jumped into the water， (with his）clothes and all．他和著衣服跳進水裡。 5． 某些動詞、名詞、形容詞習慣搭配中的介詞（短語），在以what，when，how，whether，that出的從句
或不定式短語之前，有時被省略。例如： I am not informed（as to）whether he went，why from．我沒聽說他是否去了，為什麼去，什麼時候去，來自何地方。（省略與informed搭配的介詞as to。） They are tempered to be careless (of）how they spend their time，because they imagine they have so much of it．對於如何支配時間，他們總是漫不經心，因為他們認為時間多的是。（省略與形容詞careless搭配的介詞of。）

9. 高中英語語法中的省略現象，你知道多少

having waited her for one hour ,Jack goes back home