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英語初中語法被動語態

發布時間:2021-03-04 17:58:09

① 初中英語被動語態構成及例句

在主動句中,主語作為動作的執行者:Masked thieves stole a valuable painting from the museum last naght.(昨天夜裡蒙面竊賊從博物館里盜走了一幅價值連版城的油畫權.)
將這個句子變為被動句時,動詞的賓語就成為主句:A valuable painting was stolen from the museum last night.(昨天夜裡博物館里一幅價值連城的油畫被盜了)
被動語態由助動詞be+動詞過去分詞構成:Museum security to be improved.(博物館安全有待加強)

② 初中英語被動語態的規則

英語被動語態基本構成公式: be + 實義動詞的過去分詞。

1、一般現在時:am/is/are+given

2、一般過去時:was/were+given

3、一般將來時:will/shall be+given

4、過去將來時:would be+given

5、現在進行時:am/is/are being+given

6、過去進行時:was/were being+given

7、現在完成時:has/have been+given

8、過去完成時:had been+given

9、將來完成時:will/shall have been+given

英語中被動語態的構成不僅僅需要在實義動詞前添加詞語, 還需要 實義動詞的參與:該實義動詞要變成其過去分詞的形式。

提示: 只有實義動詞中的及物動詞才有被動語態的構成形式, 不及物動詞沒有被動語態的構成形成

中文句中的動詞不區分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞, 但是英語句中的動詞有謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區分, 也因英語中的被動語態結構有兩種形式: 謂語動詞的被動語態和非謂語動詞的被動語態。



(2)英語初中語法被動語態擴展閱讀

1、am 、is、are 是be動詞在一般現在時態下的三種變化形式;

2、was、were是be動詞在一般過去時態下的兩種變化形式;

3、"has/have + 動詞過去分詞"是現在完成時態的構成形式。

被動語態的構成結構中一定要有助動詞be和實義動詞的過去分詞,為了滿足現在完成時態的構成要求,助動詞變成過去分詞(been),與has/have構成現在完成時態。

同時be動詞(此時已經變成過去分詞been)與實義動詞的過去分詞構成被動語態,因此has/have been done既體現了現在完成時態的時態意義又表達出了被動意義,形成了現在完成完成時態的被動語態結構。

③ 初中英語被動語態是第幾單元學的 順便給我個教程看看謝謝

人教新目標版 初三 Unit3
標題:Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
(一)被動語態的構成

1.被動語態的基本結構:be+動詞過去分詞

2.各種時態的主動被動語態結構(以動詞do為例)

時態
主動語態
被動語態
例句

主動語態
被動語態

一般現在時
do/ does
am/ is/ are+done
We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.

一般過去時
did
was/ were+done
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.

現在進行時
am/ is/are+doing
am/ is/ are+being done
She is watering flowers.
Flowers are being watered by her.

現在完成時
have/has+done
have/ has+been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.

一般將來時
will/ shall/ be going to +do
will/ shall/ be going to+be done
They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

過去進行時
was/ were+doing
was/ were+being+done
She was writing a letter this time yesterday.
A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.

過去完成時
had+done
had+been+done
Jim had finished the work.
The work had been finished by Jim.

過去將來時
would/ should/ be going to+do
would/should/ be going to+do
He said he would made a kite.
He said a kite would be made by him.

含有情態動詞
can/ may/ must+do
can/may/must+be+done
I can find him.
He can be found by me.

(二)被動語態的用法

被動語態中主語是動作的承受者,主要用於下列幾種情況

1.不知道動作的執行者是誰。

e.g.This watch is made in China.

這塊手錶是在中國製造的。

2.沒有必要指出動作的執行者是誰。

e.g.More trees must be planted every year.

每年必須有更多的樹被種植。

3.需要強調或突出動作的承受者時。

e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.

世界上越來越多的人說漢語(強調漢語的使用廣泛)。

4.動作的發出者不是人時。

e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.

很多房屋在洪水中被沖走了。

(三)主動語態和被動語態的轉換

1.主動語態變被動語態:

(1)要將主動句里的賓語成分變為被動句中的主語成分,若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞,要將賓格變主格。

(2)把主動句中的主語變為被動句中的賓語,主格變賓格,並由by引導。

(3)謂語動詞變成相應的被動形式。e.g.We asked him to sing an English song.

我們讓他唱一首英語歌。

He was asked to sing an English song by us.

他被我們要求唱一首英語歌。

2.帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變為被動語態

謂語動詞帶雙賓語時,既可以將間接賓語轉化成主語,也可接直接賓語轉化成主語。若將間接賓語轉化成主語,則保留直接賓語;若將直接賓語轉化成主語則保留間接賓語,且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for。

e.g.She gave me a book. (變為被動語態)→

I was given a book. (間接賓語me改為主語)

A book was given to me. (育接賓語a book改為主語)

3.短語動詞變為被動語態

許多由不及物動詞構成的短語動詞,相當於及物動詞,可以有賓語,也可以有被動語態。注意:短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體,在變為被動語態時,不可丟掉構成短語動詞的介詞或副詞。

e.g.We should speak to old men politely. (變為被動語態)→

Old men should be spoken to politely. (to不可省略)

4.帶復合賓語的動詞變為被動語態

賓語加上賓語補足語一起構成復合賓語。變被動語態時,只把賓語變為被動句主語,賓語補足語保留在原處,成為主語補足語。

e.g.I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.(變為被動語態)→

Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5.被動語態後動詞形式的選擇

主動句中在感官動詞see、hear、watch、feel、notice等使役動詞, 也稱為感官動詞,let、make、here等動詞後跟省略to的不定式,變為被動句時,應加上不定式符號to。

e.g.He makes the girl stay at home.(改為被動結構)→

The girl is made to stay at home.

Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.(改為同義句)→

They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.

四句話:①主語變成賓語;

②賓語變成主語;

③動詞一分為二;

④時態體現在be動詞上。

(四)被動語態的一些特殊的運用形式

1.主動結構表被動意義

(1)open、lock、write、read、sell、clean、wash、cut、burn、drive等詞作不及物動詞時,它們的主語為物,可用主動語態表被動意義。

e.g.This kind of pen writes very smoothly.

這種筆寫起來很流暢。

This kind of shirt sells well here.

這種樣式的襯衫在這很好賣。

(2)look、sound、taste、smell等系動詞主動結構表被動意義。

e.g.Uniforms look ugly on us.

我們穿著制服很難看。

Mooncakes taste delicious.

月餅吃起來很好。

(3)be worth doing中,doing表被動意義。

e.g.This book is worth reading.

這本書值得一讀。

(4)want/ need/ require+doing相當於want/ need/ require+to be done。to be done表不定式的被動結構。

e.g.My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.

我的自行車需要修理。

(五)不用被動語態的情況

1.主動句的賓語是each other或反身代詞時,不能用於被動語態。

e.g.The man introced himself as Mr. White. (主動語態)

那個人自我介紹說他是懷特先生。

Himself was introced as Mr. White.(誤)

They help each other study English. (主動語態)

他們互相幫助學習英語。

Each other is helped study English. (誤)

2.當主動句的謂語動詞是表狀態的及物動詞時,不能用於被動語態。

e.g.We will have a meeting.

我們將開一個會。

3.主動語態的賓語是動詞不定式或-ing形式時,不能用作被動語態的主語。

e.g.My brother enjoys watching TV
He asked to have a try.
他請求試一次。

注意:解答被動語態題目時,首先要判斷主語和動作的關系,如果主語是動作的執行者,則用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,則用被動語態。

④ 初中英語被動語態

一、語態概述

英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。英語中有兩種語態:主動語態和被動語態。
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。
例如:Many people speak Chinese.
謂語:speak的動作是由主語many people來執行的。
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 英語English是動詞speak的承受者。
二、被動語態的構成
被動語態由「助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞」構成。人稱、數和時態的變化是通過be的變化表現出來的。現以speak為例說明被動語態在各種時態中的構成。
一般現在時:am/is/are+spoken
一般過去時:was/were+spoken
一般將來時:will/shall be+spoken
現在進行時:am/is/are being+spoken
過去進行時:was/were being+spoken
現在完成時:have/has been+spoken
過去完成時:had been + spoken
三、被動語態的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。
例如:Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的)
This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工於1981年。
(2)強調動作的承受者,而不強調動作的執行者。
例如:The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。
This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業必須及時完成。
四、主動語態變被動語態的方法
(1)把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。
(2)把謂語變成被動結構(be+過去分詞)(根據被動語態句子里的主語的人稱和數,以及原來主動語態句子中動詞的時態來決定be的形式)。
(3)把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by之後作賓語,將主格改為賓格。例如:
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree.
A tree was cut down by him.
五、含有情態動詞的被動語態
含有情態動詞的主動句變成被動句時,由「情態動詞+be+過去分詞」構成,原來帶to的情態動詞變成被動語態後「to」仍要保留。
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once.
It should be done at once.
六、特殊情況
1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.
The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .
I am never let to watch TV by mother.
3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.
(1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.

(2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.

⑤ 初中英語8種時態的被動語態句子結構

1.一般現在時:
be+
v-ed(表示動詞的過去分詞)2.一般過去專時:屬was/were+
v-ed. 3.一般將來時:will
be
+v-ed.4.
過去將來時:would
have
bee 5.
現在進行時:is/am/are
being+
v-ed6.
過去進行時:was/were
being
+v-ed 7.
現在完成時:has/have
been
+v-ed8.
過去完成時:had
been
+v-ed

⑥ 初中英語被動語態是什麼時候教的

人教新目標版 初三 Unit3
標題:Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
(一)被動語態的構成
1.被動語態的基本結構:be+動詞過去分詞
2.各種時態的主動被動語態結構(以動詞do為例)

一般現在時
do/ does
am/ is/ are+done
We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.

一般過去時
did
was/ were+done
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.

現在進行時
am/ is/are+doing
am/ is/ are+being done
She is watering flowers.
Flowers are being watered by her.

現在完成時
have/has+done
have/ has+been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.

一般將來時
will/ shall/ be going to +do
will/ shall/ be going to+be done
They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

過去進行時
was/ were+doing
was/ were+being+done
She was writing a letter this time yesterday.
A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.

過去完成時
had+done
had+been+done
Jim had finished the work.
The work had been finished by Jim.

過去將來時
would/ should/ be going to+do
would/should/ be going to+do
He said he would made a kite.
He said a kite would be made by him.

含有情態動詞
can/ may/ must+do
can/may/must+be+done
I can find him.
He can be found by me.

(二)被動語態的用法

被動語態中主語是動作的承受者,主要用於下列幾種情況
1.不知道動作的執行者是誰。
e.g.This watch is made in China.
這塊手錶是在中國製造的。
2.沒有必要指出動作的執行者是誰。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.
每年必須有更多的樹被種植。

3.需要強調或突出動作的承受者時。

e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.

世界上越來越多的人說漢語(強調漢語的使用廣泛)。

4.動作的發出者不是人時。

e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.

很多房屋在洪水中被沖走了。

(三)主動語態和被動語態的轉換

1.主動語態變被動語態:

(1)要將主動句里的賓語成分變為被動句中的主語成分,若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞,要將賓格變主格。

(2)把主動句中的主語變為被動句中的賓語,主格變賓格,並由by引導。

(3)謂語動詞變成相應的被動形式。e.g.We asked him to sing an English song.

我們讓他唱一首英語歌。

He was asked to sing an English song by us.

他被我們要求唱一首英語歌。

2.帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變為被動語態

謂語動詞帶雙賓語時,既可以將間接賓語轉化成主語,也可接直接賓語轉化成主語。若將間接賓語轉化成主語,則保留直接賓語;若將直接賓語轉化成主語則保留間接賓語,且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for。

e.g.She gave me a book. (變為被動語態)→

I was given a book. (間接賓語me改為主語)

A book was given to me. (育接賓語a book改為主語)

3.短語動詞變為被動語態

許多由不及物動詞構成的短語動詞,相當於及物動詞,可以有賓語,也可以有被動語態。注意:短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體,在變為被動語態時,不可丟掉構成短語動詞的介詞或副詞。

e.g.We should speak to old men politely. (變為被動語態)→

Old men should be spoken to politely. (to不可省略)

4.帶復合賓語的動詞變為被動語態

賓語加上賓語補足語一起構成復合賓語。變被動語態時,只把賓語變為被動句主語,賓語補足語保留在原處,成為主語補足語。

e.g.I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.(變為被動語態)→

Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5.被動語態後動詞形式的選擇

主動句中在感官動詞see、hear、watch、feel、notice等使役動詞, 也稱為感官動詞,let、make、here等動詞後跟省略to的不定式,變為被動句時,應加上不定式符號to。

e.g.He makes the girl stay at home.(改為被動結構)→

The girl is made to stay at home.

Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.(改為同義句)→

They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.

四句話:①主語變成賓語;

②賓語變成主語;

③動詞一分為二;

④時態體現在be動詞上。

(四)被動語態的一些特殊的運用形式

1.主動結構表被動意義

(1)open、lock、write、read、sell、clean、wash、cut、burn、drive等詞作不及物動詞時,它們的主語為物,可用主動語態表被動意義。

e.g.This kind of pen writes very smoothly.

這種筆寫起來很流暢。

This kind of shirt sells well here.

這種樣式的襯衫在這很好賣。

(2)look、sound、taste、smell等系動詞主動結構表被動意義。

e.g.Uniforms look ugly on us.

我們穿著制服很難看。

Mooncakes taste delicious.

月餅吃起來很好。

(3)be worth doing中,doing表被動意義。

e.g.This book is worth reading.

這本書值得一讀。

(4)want/ need/ require+doing相當於want/ need/ require+to be done。to be done表不定式的被動結構。

e.g.My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.

我的自行車需要修理。

(五)不用被動語態的情況

1.主動句的賓語是each other或反身代詞時,不能用於被動語態。

e.g.The man introced himself as Mr. White. (主動語態)

那個人自我介紹說他是懷特先生。

Himself was introced as Mr. White.(誤)

They help each other study English. (主動語態)

他們互相幫助學習英語。

Each other is helped study English. (誤)

2.當主動句的謂語動詞是表狀態的及物動詞時,不能用於被動語態。

e.g.We will have a meeting.

我們將開一個會。

3.主動語態的賓語是動詞不定式或-ing形式時,不能用作被動語態的主語。

e.g.My brother enjoys watching TV
He asked to have a try.
他請求試一次。

注意:解答被動語態題目時,首先要判斷主語和動作的關系,如果主語是動作的執行者,則用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,則用被動語態

⑦ 初中的英語被動語態

BDBCB

CDACB

ADDBA

CCABD

填death,after後面是個名次短語,所以要用名次形式

shown:電影是被放映的,用被動語態

injured:「我」是被傷到的,也用被動

⑧ 初中英語被動語態的用法和練習

先了解被動語態的用法
被動語態的基本結構:助動詞be的各種時態形式內+及物動詞的過去分詞容.
1)當我們不知道動作的執行者或沒有必要說明動作的執行者時,用被動語態.
eg:Rice
is
grown
in
the
south
of
China.中國南方種水稻.(一般現在時的被動語態)
就畫線部份為in
the
south
of
China
則疑問句:Where
is
rice
grown
?
2)需要強調動作的承受者時,用被動語態.
eg:Your
work
must
be
finished
today.你們的工作必須今天完成.(含情態動詞的被動語態)
就畫線部份為Your
work
則疑問句:What
must
be
finished
today?

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