『壹』 仁愛版初中英語語法總結
初中英語語法的固定搭配總結
懸賞分:10 | 解決時間:2008-5-21 22:14 | 提問者:楓葉獨舞 越多越好!!!!很急需!!!
最佳答案 一. 詞彙
⑴ 單詞
1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……內"。例如:
in our class 在我們班上
in my bag 在我的書包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在牆上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在樹下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……後面"。例如:
behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……處"。例如:
at school 在學校
at home 在家
at the door 在門口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫
a map of China 一張中國地圖
2. 冠詞 a / an / the:
冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple.
a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個。
This is a cat.
這是一隻貓。
It's an English book.
這是一本英語書。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人。
the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是誰呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀?
------ 我能看見一個書包。
------ 書包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。
②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。
⑵記住它們的特殊用法。
①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎?
②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。
some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法。
4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is ;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是個大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家。
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點。 house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 這是一張我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。
*但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞。
There is little time. 幾乎沒時間了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 片語
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子後
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中
near the door 在門附近
a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片
look at the picture 看這張圖片
the teacher's desk 講桌
a map of China 一張中國地圖
family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 這邊走
二. 日常用語
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看。
see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是個名詞。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 語法
1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的"。一般有以下幾種形式:
(1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友
(2). 如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教師節
The boys' game 男孩們的游戲
(3). 如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 兒童節
Women's Day 婦女節
(4). 表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。
a map of China 一幅中國地圖
the name of her cat 她的貓的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的門
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語,讀時用降調。為使語氣委婉、禮貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾時,please前多用逗號。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 請進。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't於句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看書。
Don't play on the road. 不要在馬路上玩。
3. There be 的句子結構
There be是一個"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式為:There be + 名詞(單數或復數)+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復數的確定,看be後邊第一個名詞,當所接主語為單數或不可數名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數名詞時,be動詞為are;當be動詞後接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數上的一致。意思為"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的後面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。
(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一隻狗嗎?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河裡有船嗎?
---No, there aren't. 沒有。
(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。
(4)如果名詞是不可數名詞,用:How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 地點狀語?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
like to do
like doing
would like to
see sb do
see sb doing
pretend to
practice doing
常用的
一.一般現在時:1.主語+動詞原形 2.主語是三單式(it,she,he以及可以用這些詞代替的名詞)+動詞的三單式(1,一般的動詞直接加s,2,以s ,x,ch,sh結尾的動詞加es)
二.現在進行時:be+動詞的ing形式
三.一般過去時:主語+動詞的過去式
四.過去進行時:was/were+動詞的ing形式
五.現在完成時:has/have+動詞的過去分詞
六.過去完成時:had+動詞的過去分詞
這是最基本的時態結構,要想把握時態關鍵要找到時間狀語(every,yesterday,now......)
『貳』 仁愛英語八年級下冊總復習(包括重要句型,語法,句子)
在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句.
時態:
1.主句用一般現在時,從句可用任意時態。
2.主句用過去時,從句用過去某個時態。
3.主句用過去時,從句是真理時,只用一般現在時。
一、賓語從句的連接詞
從屬連詞
連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.
that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示「是否」的賓語從句.
He told me that he would go to the college the next year
他告訴我他下一年上大學.
I don』t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否還會有公交車.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
沒人知道他是否會通過考試.
連接代詞
連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道誰贏了這一局紅警游戲嗎?
I don』t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道你該依靠誰.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
這本書會告訴你最好的執行總裁該了解些什麼.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎?
連接副詞
連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn』t tell me when we should meet again.
他沒有告訴我什麼時候我們能再見面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
你能告訴我怎麼用這個新的操作盤嗎?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪裡買到.
二、動詞的賓語從句
大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.
部分「動詞+副詞」結構也可以帶賓語從句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我發現這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend ring the trip?
你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎?
動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句
常見的這些詞有:
make sure確保 make up one』s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.
可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句
①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等後面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句後置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven』t been to the get-together.
我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天寫日記成了習慣.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.
②有些動詞帶賓語從句時尋要在賓語與從句前加it
這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我們認為你會同意我們的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
開啟發動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處於空擋位置.
③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我們發現我們所學到的東西都是有用的.
三、介詞的賓語從句
用wh-類的介詞賓語從句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
這本新書是關於神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句
有時候except,but,besides三個介詞後可見到that引導的賓語從句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
對於我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.
四、形容詞的賓語從句
常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我確信我會通過考試.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.
五、if,whether在賓語從句中的區別
① if和whether在作「是否」解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之後,介詞後一般不用if
② 少數動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt後的賓語從句常用whether.
③ whether後可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
(如:I can』t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。)
⑤ 避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.
六、哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導詞that
當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;
當賓語從句較長時;
當主語狀語置於主句尾,賓語從句之前時;
當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;
當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時第一個that可以省略,第二個that不可以省略;
當賓語從句中的主語是this,that或this,that做主語的定語時;
當賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時;
當賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或主語從句時;
當主語中的謂語動詞是固定片語時;
當賓語從句有it做其先行詞時;
在直接引語中,轉述分句把賓語從句隔開時.
七、賓語從句的否定轉移
主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,並且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.
I don』t think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won』t come to my party.
我認為他不會來我的舞會.
I don』t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?
如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我們發現他從來不仔細聽老師講課,是不是?
八、賓語從句的時態和語序
當主句為現在時或將來時,賓語從句的時態一般不受主句的時態所影響.
當主句為過去時
①從句用一般過去時或過去進行時表示與主句謂語動詞動作同時發生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn』t know what country he was in.
我只知道他當時在西方的一個國家讀書,可不知道是哪個國家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他問我他進來的時候我是否正在讀<<老人與海>>.
②從句過去完成時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告訴我他已經把有關會議的事情告訴的了Mary.
③從句謂語用過去將來時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之後
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
記者問政府是否會採取必要的措施鎮壓騷亂.
如果從句是一個客觀真理,那麼從句的時態不根據主句的時態而變化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉.
當賓語從句的引導詞是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑問時,不能按正常語序安排,經常將這類引導詞置於句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你認為今年公眾會選誰為他們最喜歡的歌手.
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本二)
學習賓語從句要抓住三要素:連接詞、語序和時態。
1.連接詞
連接詞一般都是that(指事務或人),which(指事),who(指人)
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇連接詞that或將that省略,直接與主句相連。
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇連接詞if或whether。在 whether … or not 結構中不能用 if 替換。
3.從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代、副詞作連接詞。
注意:當who為主語時,句式為:who+謂語+其他
2.判斷時態情況:
1.主句是一般現在時,從句為各種時態情況。
2.主句是一般過去時,從句為各種相應過去時態注意:從句描繪客觀事實,用一般現在時。
eg:
1. The teacher told the children that the sun____ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I believe that our team____ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don』t know____ to visit the old man.
A. whether B. if C. that D. who
4.The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.
A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
答:選B,動詞reach後接賓語從句,從句缺少賓語,where不可,which引導賓語從句時表疑問含義「哪一個…」而此句中並非疑問含義,不知道哪一座廟宇,而是用what從句表陳述含義,意「過去的一座舊廟宇」;temple後為對其修飾的定語從句,用關系代詞which代替,並在從句中作動詞used的賓語,use sth. as…「把…用作…
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本三)
賓語從句,在復合句中作賓語,位於及物動詞後。
eg.
Tell him which class you are in .
Do you know what he likes?
註:
(1)主、從句時態一致:
主句謂語過去時,從句相應過去時;
He answered that he was listening to me.
主句謂語現在時,從句時態任所需;
eg. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.
They know (that) he is working hard.
具體過去永不變,真理格言現在時;
eg.He told me that he was born in 1980.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
(2)否定前移,及完成反意問句
在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等動詞後跟賓語從句否定式時,應轉移到主句上去,完成反意問句時,應與從句主、謂保持一致。(注: 否定前移的條件是,主句主語是第一人稱)
eg. I don't think you are right ,are you ?
I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?
(3)運用虛擬語氣的情況
在表示:
建議 suggest , advise
要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose;
決定 decide;
命令 order、command;
堅決主張 insist;
等動詞後跟賓語從句,用(should)+v.(虛擬語氣)
eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we should go out at once.
(4)賓語從句後置情況
如果賓語從句後有賓語補語,用it作形式賓語,把賓語從句後置
eg.You may think it strange that he would live there.
(5)賓從中that不可省略的情況
賓語從句that常可省略,但在以下情況下不能省略
A.當主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,可以省略第一個that,其他不能省略。
eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.
B.當it作形式賓語時
eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.
C.當賓語從句前置時
eg.That our team will win,I believe.
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本四)
一、定義和賓從例句分析
賓語從句就是一個句子作動詞或介詞的賓語。
A 作動詞的賓語:
I heard the news.
主語 謂語動詞 名詞作賓語
I heard that he would come here later on.
主語 謂語動詞 一個句子作賓語---賓語從句
B 作介詞的賓語:
He said nothing about the plan.
主語 謂語動詞 代詞作動詞的賓語 介詞 名詞作介詞的賓語
He said nothing about who broke the window last night.
主語 謂語動詞 代詞作動詞的賓語 介詞 一個句子作介詞的賓語
二、帶有賓語從句的復合句的構成
帶有賓語從句的復合句就是用連接詞把一個主句和一個賓語從句連接在一起。連接詞有:that(可省略),what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.
1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.
賓語
2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.
間接賓語 直接賓語
3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.
間接賓語 直接賓語
4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.
who hadn』t passed the exam.
when she would leave this building.
why she cried last night.
where she was going to study.
which student was his partner in the short play.
if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.
how she managed to solve the problem.
why water flows from a high position to a lower position.
在例子4中,當主句是過去時態時(一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時),從句根據不同情況必須使用過去時態的一種,(大自然的現象和真理除外)。
5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.
who broke the window yesterday.
when I can have a holiday.
why I failed the exam yesterday.
where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.
which book is the best one.
if (whether) I have passed the exam.
how my cat escaped from the room last night.
在例子5中,當主語是現在時態時(一般現在時,現在進行時,一般將來時,現在完成時),從句可根據不同情況使用各種時態。
三、注意
A 賓語從句必須用陳述語序。
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有時候可以用it 作形式賓語,而把真正的賓語從句放在後面。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.
Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.
Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.
Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.
C 帶有賓語從句的復合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
Bad: I think he doesn』t like the English teacher.
Good: I don』t think he likes the English teacher.
D 主句一般過去時態,從句也要用過去時態;具體細節請看第一部分。
False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.
Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.
unit7 topic2
1.Would you mind if...?/Would you mind +(形代)+Ving....?
回答:Of course not./No,not at all./Yes,youd'd better not.
2.①He runs less fast than me./He doesn't run fast as me.
②prefer ...to... like...better like...best
③Cars cost 100 times as much as bikes.
I run 3 times as fast as you./I run 3 times faster then you.(倍數+比較級+...)
④越來越... The more you eat,the fatter you are.
越來越瘦 thinner and thinner
越來越漂亮 more and more beautiful
⑤He runs faster then me./He runs fastest of all
/so then any other students
賓語從句是八下比較重要的,要復習就著重復習賓語從句的那幾章吧!
『叄』 仁愛英語八年級下冊的語法重點和重點句型
Review of Unit 1-6
I. language goals (語言目標)
1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans.
談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出,接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases (重點短語):
1. how often 多長時間一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 許多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…開始
6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一個月兩次
11. be good for 對…有好處
12. once in a while 偶爾
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out 緊張
21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired 變的疲勞
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻;目前
25. watch TV 看電視
26. play basketball 打籃球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放鬆
30. sports camp 運動野營
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away 離開
34. get back to school 返回學校
35. stay for a week 呆一個星期
36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機
42. get to 到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行
46. ride a bike 騎自行車
47. bus stop 公共汽車站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 離開去…
50. school bus 學校班車
51. the early bus 早班車
52. be different from 與…不同
53. half past six 六點半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多於
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比賽
60. school team 校隊
61. come over to 過來到…
62. the day after tomorrow 後天
63. be good at 擅長於…
64. two years ago 兩年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone 與大家談話
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型:
Unit 1:
1. -What do you usually do on weekends?
-I usually go to the movies.
2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends?
-He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter?
What』s wrong?
What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. -What is she doing for vacation?
-She is babysitting her little sister.
-That sounds nice / interesting.
2. -When are you going?
-I』m going on Monday.
3. -Where are they going?
-They are going to Tibet.
4. -Who is she going with?
-She is going with her parents.
5. -How long is he staying.
-He is staying for a week.
6. -How is the weather there?
-I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. -How do you get to school?
-I get to school by bus.
2. -How does he go to work?
-He usually walks to school.
3. -How long does it take?
-It takes about twenty minutes.
4. -How far is it from his home to school?
-It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
-Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
-No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday?
-When is it?
-It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
初中英語知識總結--短語、片語和重點句型歸納
She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她過去是一位漢語老師。
[用法] used to + 動詞原形,表示過去經常性的動作或存在的狀態,含有現在不再如此之意。
初二語法復習
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
『肆』 仁愛版 初一英語復習提綱和重點語法 (上下冊)
一. 詞彙
⑴ 單詞
1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……內"。例如:
in our class 在我們班上
in my bag 在我的書包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在牆上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在樹下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……後面"。例如:
behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……處"。例如:
at school 在學校
at home 在家
at the door 在門口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫
a map of China 一張中國地圖
2. 冠詞 a / an / the:
冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple.
a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個。
This is a cat.
這是一隻貓。
It's an English book.
這是一本英語書。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人。
the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是誰呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀?
------ 我能看見一個書包。
------ 書包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。
②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。
⑵記住它們的特殊用法。
①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎?
②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。
some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法。
4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is ;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是個大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家。
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點。 house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 這是一張我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。
*但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞。
There is little time. 幾乎沒時間了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 片語
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子後
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中
near the door 在門附近
a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片
look at the picture 看這張圖片
the teacher's desk 講桌
a map of China 一張中國地圖
family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 這邊走
二. 日常用語
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看。
see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是個名詞。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 語法
1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的"。一般有以下幾種形式:
(1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友
(2). 如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教師節
The boys' game 男孩們的游戲
(3). 如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 兒童節
Women's Day 婦女節
(4). 表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。
a map of China 一幅中國地圖
the name of her cat 她的貓的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的門
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語,讀時用降調。為使語氣委婉、禮貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾時,please前多用逗號。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 請進。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't於句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看書。
Don't play on the road. 不要在馬路上玩。
3. There be 的句子結構
There be是一個"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式為:There be + 名詞(單數或復數)+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復數的確定,看be後邊第一個名詞,當所接主語為單數或不可數名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數名詞時,be動詞為are;當be動詞後接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數上的一致。意思為"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的後面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。
(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一隻狗嗎?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河裡有船嗎?
---No, there aren't. 沒有。
(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。
(4)如果名詞是不可數名詞,用:How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 地點狀語?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
『伍』 八年級上仁愛版英語單詞表和重點句子和語法
仁愛版英語單詞表和重點句子和語法
八年級上
1.Should建議某人做某事.(情態動詞)用來提建議,表示應該的意思.後接動詞原形
(Should+動詞原形…..)
2.take/have a rest翻譯為:好好休息.take/have可以互換.
3.Shouldn』t=Should not不應該
4.see / watch / hear為感官動詞.
1.後接sb. do sth.表示看 / 聽到某人在做某事.
①表示經常性地或者是習慣性的動作.
②看到或聽到的這個動作的整個過程.
2.後接sb. doing sth.
表示看 / 聽到某人正在做某事.一般是指看到/聽到這個動作正在進行.
do/doing用來賓語補足語.
5.cherr sb. on 當中sb.用人名或者是人稱代詞的賓格形式代替.
翻譯為:為某人加油 / 喝彩.
6.be going to結構: (用來表示:將來的計劃或者是打算.)
翻譯為:打算去做某事,計劃去做某事.
肯定句:主語+be(am / is / are)+going to+動詞原形…..
否定句:主語+be(am / is / are)+not+going to+動詞原形…..
疑問句:be(is / are)+主語+going to+動詞原形…..
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be+主語+going to…?
7.prefer+名詞/動名詞/代詞/賓語從句/不定式
8.join=become a member翻譯為加入.表示加入某個組織或者團體.
9.play for效力於….
10.arrive+in+大地方/arrive+at+小地方 同義的是:get to/reach 翻譯為:到達某地
11.go.come.leave表示位置轉移,可用現在進行時來表示將來的動作.
12.make sb./sth.+形容詞 使某/人某物怎麼樣
13.be good for 對…..有益 be bad for 對…..有害
14.keep sth./sb. +形容詞 使某人/某物保持某一種狀態
15.主語+spend+時間+on sth./ (in)doing sth.某人花了時間/金錢做某事
16.pretty =very或者quite 翻譯為:很,非常
17.There be句型的一般將來時: 翻譯為(某地將要發生某事)
①There+be going to+be…… (be going to句型)
②There+will+be…… (will句型,沒有人稱和數的變化)
18.be sure+that(從句)/to do sth. 翻譯為:確信
19.do sb. a favor / help sb. / give sb. a hand 經常用來表示尋求幫助
20.one of +名詞復數形式/代詞的賓格 翻譯為:…..中之一
如果one of 做主語,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數
21.Would you mind+doing stn.? 做…..你介意嗎?
Would you mind+not+doing stn. 做……你不介意嗎?
英語中,表示委婉請求的表達方式
回答:
①接受:1.not at all沒問題 2.of course not沒問題
②拒絕:1.I』m sorry ,I』m afraid you』d better not 對不起,恐怕你不能這樣做
22.need +to do sth. 翻譯為:需要做某事
23.keep doing sth. 翻譯為:繼續做某事
24.lose the game輸了這場比賽
25.be angry with sb. 翻譯為:生某人的氣 with為介詞,sb.接人稱代詞的賓格形式
26.have a fight爭吵;打架 fight做名詞講
27.say sorry to sb. 翻譯為:向某人道歉 sb.接名詞/人稱代詞的賓格形式
28.with one』s help / with the help of sb. 翻譯為:在某人的幫助下
29.keep sb. doing sth. 翻譯為:使某人一直做某事
30.will句型的一般將來時:(will沒有人稱和數的變化,適用於任何人稱)
①肯定句型:主語+will+動詞原形 翻譯為:計劃,打算去做某事
②否定句型:主語+will+not+動詞原形 翻譯為:不打算,不計劃去做某事
③疑問句型:Will+主語+動詞原形…? 翻譯為:打算,計劃去做某事嗎?
回答:1.肯定回答Yes,主語+will 2.否定回答:No,主語+won』t/will not.
31.be late for來晚了;遲到
32.be sorry for+sth./doing sth. 翻譯為:為……而感到抱歉
33.be important to sb. 翻譯為:對某人說是重要的
34.quite + a bit/a lot 表示頻率 後接of用來修飾名詞
35.enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
36.start/begin+to do sth./doing sth. 翻譯為:開始做某事
37.also用於句中 用於肯定句
Either用於句末 一般用於否定句
Too用於句末 一般用於肯定句
as well用於句末 一般用於肯定句 全部都表示」也」的意思
38.get 動詞, get tired easily中做系動詞,後接tired(形容詞)做表語.
39.build sb. up 翻譯為:增強某人的…… sb.接人稱代詞的賓格形式和名詞
40.have fun doing sth.從……中得到樂趣
41.have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself 翻譯為:玩得愉快,開心
42.have fun doing sth. / enjoy doing sth. 翻譯為:樂於做某事
43.fill out =fill in 填寫
fill sb. out 填寫…… sb.為名詞/人稱代詞的賓格形式
44.be with 和……相處;和……在一起
45.be friendly to sb. 翻譯為:對某人友好
46.make friends with sb. 翻譯為:和某人交朋友
47.prefer…to.. 翻譯為:比起……來,更喜歡……
48.maybe 是副詞,表示大概,也許或者可能的意思 在句子中做狀語
may be may是情態動詞,加上be 翻譯為:可能是,大概是 在句子中做謂語
49.how about/what about+名詞/動名詞 翻譯為:……怎麼樣
50.be free 反義 be busy 翻譯為:空閑的 繁忙的
51.every +基數詞+復數名詞 翻譯為:」每……」
52.be fond of +名詞/動名詞=like +動名詞/名詞 翻譯為:喜歡;樂意做某事
what』s wrong with …=what』s the matter=what』s up?詢問對方的情況
have a cold=catch/get a cold 患感冒
Why not +動詞原形…?
Why don』t you…? 兩者都是同義句,都用於提建議
4.had better+動詞原形 翻譯為:最好做某事 用於任何人稱
had better+not+動詞原形 翻譯為:最好別做某事 沒有任何和數的變化.
5.take sb./sth.+to+地點 翻譯為:帶某人/某物去某地
6.sth. with sth. 翻譯為:加入某物的物品
7.too many+可數名詞的復數形式…
too much+不可數名詞,用於動詞後,修飾動作…
much too+形容詞/副詞…
8.形容詞修飾不定代詞:不定代詞+形容詞
10.sick 用於名詞前,修飾名詞做定語 翻譯為:生病
ill 不能做定語 兩者都可在句子中做表語
11.worry about+人稱代詞賓格形式/名詞…
12.both…and…做主語,謂語動詞用復數
13.plenty of=lots of/a lot of=many=much 翻譯為:一些,大量的
many+可數名詞的復數形式 much+不可數名詞…
14.tell sb. to do sth.告訴某人做某事
15.give up doing sth. =stop doing sth. 放棄/停止做某事
16.enough 翻譯為:足夠的 用法:
①做形容詞講時,放在名詞前.後
②做副詞講時,用來修飾動詞或者形容詞,只能放於所修飾詞後.
17.talk with/to sb. 和某人洽談
Talk about 談論關於…
18.among 表示在三者或三者以上
between 表示兩者之間,和and搭配 翻譯為:在……之間
19.do one』s best 盡(某人)全力,one』s 接名詞所有格.物主代詞
20.do some doing sth. 做……事
21.must句型: (must+主語…?)
①肯定回答:—Yes,主語+must.
②否定回答:1.—No,主語+don』t/doesn』t+have to. 2.—No,主語+need not.
22.keep away from sth. 翻譯為:遠離某物
23.ring sb. up =call sb.=give sb. a call/ring/phone 翻譯為:給某人打電話
24.care for sb. 翻譯為:照顧某人
25.It』s+形容詞/名詞+to do sth. 翻譯為:做…是…的
26.teach oneself=learn by oneself 翻譯為:自學
27.hate+動名詞/名詞/代詞 翻譯為:討厭……
28.help sb. (to) do sth. 翻譯為:幫助某人做某事
29.enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 翻譯為:過得愉快
30.by oneself 翻譯為:親自,自己
31.help oneself to+食物 翻譯為:請隨便吃點……
32.say to oneself 翻譯為:自言自語;心裡想
『陸』 初一仁愛版英語語法重點
一般現在時、現在進行時(現在進行時表將來時go,come)、一般過去時、情態動詞、一般將來專時(be+going
to+動詞原形、屬will+動詞原形)、一般過去時,現在完成時,被動語態是中考比考的,尤其是現在完成時和被動語態,掌握這些就差不多了,還有就是要多閱讀,多聽,多寫.有必要的進行點改錯-有利於加深語法和詞彙.希望你在中考中取的好成績.
『柒』 仁愛英語初一上冊重點句型、語法、句型和同義句轉換,改為一般疑問句等
英語中的定語後置
在英語中,如果定語是由一個單詞表示時,通常要前置。而由一個片語或一個句子表示時,通常則後置。而以下情況是由單個單詞作定語並後置的幾種現象。
一、形容詞enough作定語,而著重點又是強調它所修飾的那個名詞,或者它所修飾的名詞起形容詞作用且前面不加冠詞時,通常要後置。例如:
I haven\'t time enough to do the work.我沒有足夠的時間做那件工作。
He hasn\'t man enough to admit his mistake.他沒有勇於認錯的大丈夫氣概。
二、當定語是一個形容詞,它所修飾的是由any-,every-, some-等跟-body, -one,-thing構成的復合代詞時,通常後置。例如:
There is some- thing important in today\'s newspaper.今天的報紙上有條重要新聞。
He wanted to get someone reliable to help in this work.他想找個可靠的人幫忙做這
項工作。
三、它所修飾的詞前面有用以加強語氣的the one等之類的詞語時須後置。定語由形容詞表示,它所修飾的詞是起名詞作用的anywhere,somewhere等時,也須後置。例如:
This is the one thing needful.這是唯一需要的東西。
Can you find anywhere quiet?你能找個清靜的地方嗎?
He has been sent to somewhere particular.他被派到某個特定的地方去了。
四、定語由here,there,in,out,home,above,below,abroad,before,yesterday等副詞充當時,往往要後置。例如:
He is on his way home.他在回家途中。
Can you tell me something about the social system there?你能給我講講那裡的社會制
度嗎?
It had been fine the day before.前一天的天氣很好。
五、定語為現在分詞或過去分詞時,如果它強調的不是比較永久的特點,而是分詞本身的動作,則通常要後置。例如:
Most of the people singing are the students.唱歌的人多數是學生。
Their high standard showed the progress made.他們的高水平表明了他們取得的進步。
六、定語由某些以-able或-ible結尾的形容詞充當時,有時也後置。這類後置定語有時只表
示暫時的特徵、現象等。例如:
It\'s the only solution possible.這是唯一可能採取的解決辦法。
Are there any tickets available?還有票嗎?
That\'s the only star visible now.那是顆現在唯一可見的星。
七、有些只具有表語功能的形容詞作定語時,必須後置。例如:
He was the only person awake at the moment.他是那時唯一醒著的人。
He is one of the few workers alive today who took part in the strike.他是參加過
這次罷工還活著的少數工人之一。
八、else用來修飾復合代詞、疑問代詞等時,必須後置。例如:
Little else remains to be done.沒有剩下什麼事要做的了。
Who else wanted to go there?還有誰想去那兒?
九、在某些固定搭配中,單詞作定語也常常要後置。例如:
the sum total總數
secretary general秘書
the third person singular第三人稱單數
『捌』 求初中英語所有的語言點和語法!!(仁愛版)
英語語法知識難點(一)
II. 例題(一) 形容詞和副詞
I. 要點
A. 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來修飾、描繪名詞的,通常在句中作定語、表語或賓補,有時還可作狀語。如:
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語時,謂語通常用復數形式。如:
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個形容詞作定語修飾名詞的順序:
冠詞+序數詞+基數詞+性質狀態(描述性)+形狀大小+新舊老少+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞。如: the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容詞比較等級的形式
(1) 規則形式
一般說來,單音節詞及少數雙音節詞在後加-er; --est 來構成比較級和最高級;其他雙音節詞及多音節詞在前加more, most.如:
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不規則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容詞比較等級的用法
①表示兩者的比較,用形容詞的比較級+than. 如:
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示兩者以上的比較,用"the +形容詞最高級(+名詞)+of(in) …"如:
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示兩者是同等程度,用"as +形容詞原級+as". 如:
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎麼贊揚這個老師也不過分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過的最好的一頓飯。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英語和你的英語都不怎麼樣。
B.副詞
1、 副詞的種類
(1) 時間副詞 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地點副詞 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副詞 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副詞 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級的用法
其用法與形容詞相似,只是副詞最高級前可省略定冠詞。如:
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區別
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經發生,主要用於肯定句;yet表示期待某事發生,主要用於否定句和疑問句;still表示某事還在進行,主要用於肯定句和疑問句,有時也可用於否定句。如:
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用於肯定句和疑問句,too和as well多用於口語,一般放在句末,而also多用於書面語,一般放在句中與動詞連用。either用於否定句和否定的疑問句,往往放在句末。如:He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意為"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如:
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意為"最近、近來",late意為"晚、遲"。如:
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析:該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建築物的高用high,並且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞後面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析:該題正確答案為B。"the+形容詞比較級+… , the +形容詞比較級+…"意為越…,越…。該句意為:吃的葯越多,我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析:該題正確答案為C。A和B都用於肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不",而C-either則用於否定句中,意為"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析:該題正確答案為B。A. deep用於副詞時,修飾具體的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞,如該題為deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均為副詞,不能互相修飾。
(二) 介詞
I. 要點
1、介詞和種類
(1) 簡單介詞,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 復合介詞,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介詞和其他詞類的習慣搭配關系
(1) 和動詞的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容詞的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名詞的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語,這種修飾語通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少數幾個副詞。如:
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
(1) at, on, in(表時間)
表示時間點用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不確定的時間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指長於或短於一天的時段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between僅用於二者之間,但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關系時,也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用於三者或三者以上之間。如:
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意為"在…旁邊",而besides意為"除…之外"。如:
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動物或人在樹上,而on the tree 指果實、樹葉長在樹上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問一句 in this way 用這樣的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角內 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般說法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說法 on the bus 特指乘某一輛車
II. 例題
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析:A、B兩項except等於but,意為"除了…",C-beside意為"在…旁邊",不符合題意。而D-besides, 意為"除了…之外,還有"。所以該題正確答案為D。該題意為:除了英語外,你還知道別的語言嗎?
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D ring
解析:我們均知道,at night這一短語,但如果night前有修飾詞,表具體的夜晚,則要用介詞on來修飾,故該題正確答案為A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析:該題正確答案為A。look forward to 為固定搭配,意為"期望、盼望"。
(三) 連詞
I. 要點
1、 連詞的種類
(1) 並列連詞用來連接並列關系的詞、短語或分句,如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 從屬連詞用來引導從句,如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了從屬連詞(引導狀語從句)外,還有其它可以用來引導從句的詞類。它們是連接代詞和連接副詞(引導名詞性從句),關系代詞和關系副詞(引導定語從句)。
2、 常用連詞舉例
(1)and 和,並且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和, 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是,而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…, 要麼…要麼…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因為
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而,可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者,否則
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此,所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 雖然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因為
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非,如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬間動詞用於not… until 結構)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16)while 當…時候,而 (表示對比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while後不可用瞬間動詞)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因為
He was ill, for he didn't come. (結論是推斷出來的)
(18)since自從…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 來說
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那裡)
II. 例題
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析:該題意為:John踢足球如果不比David好的話,那也踢得和David一樣好。 和…一樣好為as well as. 故該題正確答案為B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析:該處意為"然而",只有while有此意思,故選D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析:該處意為"或者",正確答案為C。
英語語法知識難點(二)
(四)動詞時態、語態
I. 要點
被提示字數太多,刪了一點,你看看吧,好的話可以加我把剩下的給你,貼不下了希望有幫助呵呵