『壹』 高考英語虛擬語氣語法總結
虛擬語氣,對過去虛擬,從句用過去完成時
虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式,表示說話人的一種願望,假設,懷疑,猜測, 建議等含義,虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的話,我就會帶走他們。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰見了李華,我就告訴了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有時間,我會來幫助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。
虛擬語氣的用法
1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中,表示祝願,命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝願你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝願我們的友情天長地久。
Have a good journey!
祝願你旅途愉快!
You go out!
你出去!
2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。動詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣, 賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望,要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。
動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用: should + 動詞原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我們有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她這樣做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。
虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的主句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時,動詞有三種時態形式,即現在,過去和將來。
與現在事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動詞原形。
與過去事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你,我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有時間,我會學習法語的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英語的話,她不會找我幫忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一點起床,就會趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天氣好,我就去買東西。
有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題:
1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if,而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青點, 她就會乾的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址,他會去看她的。
2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。
I could help you.
我本來可以幫助你。
If I had time.
我要有時間該多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她應該來參加聚會。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語氣中,條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他們以前努力學習的話,現在乾的就會容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不聽取我的建議,他就不會幹得這樣好。
『貳』 英語虛擬語氣語法講解越詳細越好
虛擬語氣
一. 概念:用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想所說的是一個條件,不一定是事實,或與事實相反。
二.真實條件句用陳述語氣
1.真實條件句表示的假想是真實的或有可能性
2.句型:條件從句(一般現在時)+主句(shall/will+動詞原形)
3.注意:當表示真理時,主句謂語動詞不用shall/will+動詞原形,而直接用一般現在時
三.虛擬語氣用於非真實條件句中
1.表示同現在事實相反的假想,可以表示現在,過去或將來的情況
2.表示同過去事實相反的假想
句型:條件從句(過去完成時had done)+主句(should/would have+過去分詞)
3.表示對將來的假想
句型:①條件從句為一般過去式;主句為should+動詞原形
②條件從句為were+動詞原形;主句為would
③條件從句為should+動詞原形; 主句為would
4.表示錯綜復雜的條件
有時,主句與從句的動作發生在不同的時間,一個發生在過去,一個發生在現在。
5.虛擬條件句的倒裝
虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were, should, 或had時, 可省略if,再把were, should或had 移到從句的句首,實行倒裝。
6.特殊的虛擬語氣詞should
1)在主語從句中的應用
It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等結構的主語從句,謂語動詞用should 加動詞原形,should 可省略。
It is 可用的詞有三類 that (should)do
suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insisted等
important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等
a pity, a shame, no wonder等
2)在賓語從句中的應用
在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動詞後面的從句中,像order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do等。例如:
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建議下周召開個會議。
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.他要求被派到那兒去。
注意:如suggest, insist不表示"建議" 或"堅持要某人做某事時",即它們用於其本意"暗示、表明"、"堅持認為"時,賓語從句用陳述語氣。
3)在表語從句,同位語從句中的應用
suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞後面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣,即(should)+動詞原形。
wish的用法
1)wish後面的從句,表示與事實相反的情況,或表示將來不太可能實現的願望。其賓語從句的動詞形式為:
主句 從句
從句動作先於主句動詞動作(be的過去式為 were) 現在時 過去時
從句動作與主句動作同時發生(had + 過去分詞) 過去時 過去完成時
將來不大可能實現的願望 將來時 would/could +動詞原形
8. 比較if only與only if
only if表示"只有";if only則表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用於陳述語氣。
9.It is (high) time that
It is (high) time that 後面的從句謂語動詞要用過去式或用should加動詞原形,但should不可省略。
10.need "不必做"和"本不必做"
didn't need to do表示過去不必做某事, 事實上也沒做。
needn't have done表示過去不必做某事, 但事實上做了。
相關練習題
1.(B)The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is rained
考點:真實條件句主句為將來時,從句用一般現在時。
注意:
1)在真實條件句中,主句不能用be going to表示將來,該用shall, will.
(錯) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(對) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2)表示真理時,主句謂語動詞不用shall (will) +動詞原形,而直接用一般現在時的動詞形式
1.(C)_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I
B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
考點:在虛擬條件狀語中如果有were, should, had這三個詞,通常將if省略,主語提前, 變成 were, should, had +主語的形式。但要注意,在虛擬條件狀語從句中,省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。如我們可說 Were I not to do, 而不能說 Weren't I to do。
2.(D)There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried
B. couldn't have hurried
C. must not hurry
D. needn't have hurried
考點:needn't have done. 意為"本不必",即已經做了某事,而時實際上不必要。
Mustn't have done 用法不正確,對過去發生的事情進行否定性推斷應為couldn't have done, "不可能已經"。 must not do 不可以(用於一般現在時)。
『叄』 英語中的虛擬語氣語法
虛擬語氣
一、考點聚焦
1、虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中
(1)表示與現在事實相反的假設,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用「過去式(be動詞的過去式用were)」,而主句中的謂語動詞用「would / should/ could / might + 動詞原形」。如:
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
(2)表示與過去的事實相反,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時,主句中的謂語動詞則用「would / should / might / could + have +過去分詞」。如:
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
(3)表示與將來事實相反,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形,而主句中的謂語動詞則用would / should/
could might + 動詞原形。如;
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
(4)當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時,動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作相應調整。如:
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(從句說的是過去,主句指的是現在)
以下表格是虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中時,主句和從句謂語動詞的形式:
條件狀語從句 主 句
與過去事實相反 had + 過去分詞 should /would/could/might + have + 過去分詞
與現在事實相反 一般過去時(be用were) would/should/could/might + 動詞原形
與將來事實相反 一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形 Would/should/cold/might + 動詞原形
有時侯在使用時可省略if,句子則可換成下列形式,即「were / had / should +主語」。如:
Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
2、虛擬語氣用於名詞性從句
(1)虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。
①「wish + 賓語從句」表示不能實現的願望,譯為「要是……就好了」等。表示現在不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時;表示將來不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用「would/could + 動詞原形」;表示過去不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用「had + 過去分詞」或「could(should) + have + 過去分詞」。如:
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等後的賓語從句中,謂語動詞用should + 動詞原形或是動詞原形。如:
She suggested we (should)leave here at once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
(2)虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。
作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句,從句中的謂語動詞用「(should) + 動詞原形」。如:
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
(3)虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。
在主語從句中,謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用「should + 動詞原形」的結構,表示驚奇、不相信、理應如此等。如:
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
注意:這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現出驚奇的情感,就可用虛擬語氣。反之,如果不表示驚奇等情感,that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如:
It is pity that you can』t swim.
3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用
(1)虛擬語氣在as if/as though、even if/even though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中,如果從句表示的動作發生在過去,用過去完成時;指現在狀況,則用一般過去時;指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如:
He did it as if he were an expert.
Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
(2)虛擬語氣用於定語從句中。
這種從句常用於句型「It is (high)time (that) … 」中,定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should + 動詞原形,意思是「(現在)該……」。如:
It』s time that I picked up my daughter.
It』s high time we were going.
(3)虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中。如:
If only I were a bird.
If only I had taken his advice.
(4)虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。
①情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時,表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉,常出現在日常會話中。如:
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to close the door?
②用於一些習慣表達法中。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.
『肆』 英語語法虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣應該是必修3第一、二單元的知識點。
常規下虛擬語氣的考查點分兩個:
一是名詞性從句中should do結構,should可以省略。在名詞性從句中,如果出現表示「命令,建議,請求、計劃」的詞,不管它用於什麼名詞性從句,都要求使用虛擬語氣。如:
He suggested that we (should) finish the task on time.這是賓語從句,suggest是「建議」的意思。又如這詞用於表語從句:
His suggestion was that we (should) finish the task on time.
在這種從句中,要注意一點就是:如果從句的主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關系,那麼就要用(should) be done結構,就和情態動詞的被動形式一樣。如:
He ordered that the task (should) be finished on time.
二是條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣。從句和主句的謂語動詞有嚴格規定,如下:
從句, 主句
和現在相反: did/ were would/could/ should/ might do
和過去相反: had done would/could/ should/ might have doe
和將來相反: did/ were to do/ should do would/could/ should/ might do
如:如果當時你沒幫助我們,我們不可能完成這工程。
If you had not helped us then, we couldn't have completed the project.(與過去相反)。
如果我是你的話,我會用另一種方法。
If i were you, I would use another way to do it.(與現在相反),這句中,要注意到我用的是were.盡管主語是單數,虛擬語氣中的一般過去式,不能用was.
這些是基本規則,當然還有很多其他的。如:
I wish that....這個結構是個名詞性從句中的賓語從句,但是它使用的虛擬語氣不與我上面講到的相同。這個句型中,賓語從句的時態要往過去推前一步。即:如果與現在相反,用一般過去時,如果和過去相反,用過去完成時,如果與將來相反,用過去將來時。
如:I wish that i were a bird.與現在相反
I wish that i hadn't wasted a lot of time before.與過去相反。
『伍』 英語語法:虛擬語氣
這個sent跟虛擬語氣沒有什麼關系
get that form sent off
這個sent是根據get來的
get something done
done就是指過去分詞 表示把是事情做了
『陸』 英語虛擬語氣具體語法。謝謝
虛擬語氣應該是強制性的知識點三個第一和第二單元。
下的虛擬語氣兩個常規測試點:
一,名詞性從句應該做的結構,應該被忽略。在名詞性從句,如果存在「命令,建議,要求,計劃」字,無論什麼名詞性從句時,需要使用虛擬語氣的。如:
他建議我們(應)完成任務的時間是賓語從句,提出了「建議」的意思。另一個例子是在表語從句中使用的詞:。
他的建議是,我們(應)完成任務的時間
在本節中,關鍵是要注意:如果句主語和被動動詞之間的關系,那麼他們會使用(應該)做結構,就像同樣的情態動詞的被動形式。如:
他下令任務(應該)按時完成
在虛擬語氣第二個條件狀語從句。子句和主句的動詞有嚴格的要求,具體如下:
子句,則主句
而現在正好相反:沒有/被會/可以/應該/可以做
和過去的相反的:做了會/可以/應該/可能有母鹿
和未來的相反:沒有/是做/應該做會/可以/應該/可以做
例如:如果當時你不幫我們,我們不能完成它的工作原理。
如果你沒有幫我們的話,我們就不能完成該項目。 (相對於過去)。
如果我是你,我會用另一種方法。
如果我是你,我會用另一種方式來做到這一點。 (現在的對面),短語,要注意,我用的是。盡管受試者是單數,一般假設語氣過去時,不能使用了。
這些是基本的規則,當然,還有很多其他的。如:
我希望....這種結構是賓語從句在名詞性從句,但它使用上述相同的虛擬語氣是不是和我在一起。這句話,時態的賓語從句走了一步過去。即:如果相反,與過去時,如果和過去相反,在過去使用時已完成,如果違反了現在和將來與過去的未來。
這樣的:我希望我是一隻鳥,現在相反
我希望我之前和過去相反..
要將所有沒有浪費了很多時間關於具體的,比較難,我建議你看看下面的語法書系統的通話效果會更好。
『柒』 誰有最全的英語虛擬語氣的語法
同學,你好!以下講解供你參考:
虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式,表示說話人的一種願望,假設,懷疑,猜測,建議等含義,虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的話,我就會帶走他們。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰見了李華,我就告訴他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有時間,我會來幫助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。
虛擬語氣的形式
虛擬(條件)語氣中,主句與從句中謂語動詞的形式可分為下面四類
假設類型 條件從句謂語
動詞形式 主語謂語
動詞形式
與現在事實相反 動詞的過去式(be用were而不用was) would(第一人稱可用should)
+動詞原形
與過去事實相反 had+ -ed分詞 would(第一人稱可用should)
+have + -ed分詞
與將來事實相反 were to + 動詞原形 would(第一人稱可用should)
+動詞原形
與將來事實可能相反 should + 動詞原形 would(第一人稱可用should)
+動詞原形
虛擬語氣的用法
1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中,表示祝願,命令。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝願你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝願我們的友情天長地久。
Have a good journey! 祝願你旅途愉快!
You go out! 你出去!
2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。
動詞 wish, suggest, order, insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣,賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望、要求。
I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him. 我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。
動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。 He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用: should + 動詞原形 It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我們有必要出去散散步。 It's natural that she should do so. 她這樣做是很自然的。 It's important that we should take good care of
the patient. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。 虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的從句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時,動詞有三種時態形式,即現在、過去和將來。
A.與現在事實相反的: If I (we, you, he, they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he, she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you, they) would + 動詞原形。
B.與過去事實相反的: If I(we, you ,he, they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。
He (you, they) would + have + 過去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你,我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有時間,我會學習法語的。
If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英語的話,她不會找我幫忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一點起床,就會趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping. 如果明天天氣好,我就去買東西。
***有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題***
1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略if,而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。
Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青點, 她就會乾的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址,他會去看她的。
2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。
I could help you. 我本來可以幫助你。
If I had time. 我要有時間該多好啊!
She should have come to the party. 她應該來參加聚會。
If he had much more money. 如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語氣中,條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他們以前努力學習的話,現在乾的就會容易些。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他不聽取我的建議,他就
會幹得這樣好。
『捌』 英語語法 虛擬語氣
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『玖』 能發下英語高中總復習語法_虛擬語氣(二)_57C7的種子或下載鏈接么
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