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高一英語語法之五大基本句型結構

發布時間:2021-03-03 05:12:09

『壹』 英語中,五種句型結構的用法

主語是動作的發出者,
謂語 可是行為動詞, 助動詞+動詞, 情態動詞+動詞
直接賓語 是動作的內直接承受者,是名詞,代詞
間接賓語是容動作的間接承受者,是名詞,代詞
賓語補足語是補充說明賓語的,
聯系動詞有兩類。 be動詞 半系動詞(look smell taste sound 等等)
五大句型
1,主謂結構。He runs fast
2,主謂賓。 I like the dog
3 主謂賓賓,I gave him (間接賓語)a book(直接賓語)
4,主謂賓補 He made me work 10 hours a day
5,主系表, He is a teacher/ He looks handsome/ It smells terrible

『貳』 高一英語基本句型

1.主語+謂語
2.主語+系動詞+表語
3.主語+謂語+賓語

『叄』 英語高一語法和句子結構有哪些

先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語.結構:先行詞+關系詞+定語從句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句:限定性定語從句:從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連.非限定性定語從句:對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達:1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明:以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來:1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明:修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式:doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾.其結構和意思如下:1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語: 正在做….的人/正在發生的事.2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語: 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語:正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語:將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結:以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語.1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面.如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面.2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生.V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析:_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句.答案:A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析:_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是:I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with.答案:C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析:定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因.先行詞在從句中做賓語.答案:A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析:非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案:D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析:公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員._____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動.用done做定語.答案:C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析:根據句意房子即將開工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子.答案:B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析:根據句意:比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語.與全句動作同步.答案:B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析:非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說:三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作.答案:B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩.先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money:用這筆錢買火車票.關系詞前面需要加介詞:with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是:他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了.devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞:to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day :先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語:在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會.5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容:明天即將被討論的問題.應當用不定式的被動結構做定語.6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示:正在做的食物.Being done 做定語表示:正在被……的…….7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示:正在大樹下看書的那位老師.情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點:情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用:(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測.can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測.根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」.用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測.對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構.(二)對現在的事實進行推測:主要結構:…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句:1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測:結構:情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句:1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣:表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」.這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法.表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反.表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣.其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構.根據要表達的意思

『肆』 英語中的五大基本句型。

英語簡單句5種基本基來本句型:源
主 + 謂(不及物動詞) S+V eg the birds are f lying
主 + 謂(及物動詞)賓 S+V +O eg.dogs like bones
主 + 謂(及物動詞)賓 + 賓補 S+V +O +OC he makes me laugh .
主 + 謂(及物動詞)直接賓 + 間接 賓 S+V +DO +IO eg mum bought me a book
主 + 謂(聯系動詞) +表語 S+V +P
eg the flower looks beautiful

『伍』 英語五大基本句型是什麼

英語五種基本句型列式如下:
基本句型一: S+V (主專+謂)
基本句型二: S+V+P (主+謂+表)
基本句型三屬: S+V+O (主+謂+賓)
基本句型四: S+V+o+O (主+謂+間賓+直賓)
基本句型五: S+V+O+C (主+謂+賓+賓補)

『陸』 五大基本句型 各20例句 ·

英語的五種基本句型有:

  1. 主語+謂語(不及物動詞) [S + V]

例句:(1)The children are playing happily. 孩子們正在高興地玩。

(2)Everybody laughed. 大家都笑了。

(3)He stands. 他站著。

(4)He swims. 他游泳。

(5)She sings. 她唱歌。

(6)The student studies. 學生學習。

(7)We arrived. 我們到了。

(8)Time flies. 時光飛逝。

(9)The moon rose. 月亮升起。

(10)The man eat. 那個男人在吃飯。

(11)We all laughed. 我們都笑了。

(12)Everybody talked. 所有人都在講話。

(13)I laughed. 我笑了。

(14)They cooked. 他們在做飯。

(15)She left.她離開了。

(16)He came.他來了。

(17)She cried.她哭了。

(18)The boy smiled.男孩笑了。

(19)The man died.那個人過世了。

(20)The sun rises.太陽升起來了。

2. 主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語 [S+V+O]

例句:(1)The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜歡住在中國。

(2)I love apples.我喜歡蘋果。

(3)I played the piano. 我彈鋼琴。

(4)I like you.我喜歡你。

(5)I hate you. 我討厭你。

(6)He need a piece of bread. 他需要一片麵包。

(7)The monkey eats an banana. 那猴子吃了個香蕉。

(8)She opens the door. 她打開門。

(9)Lucy rides a blue bike. 露西騎一輛藍色自行車。

(10)The man lands a job. 那男的找到一份工作。

(11)The teacher loses a chance. 這老師失去了一個機會。

(12)She moves that red box. 她移開那個紅色箱子。

(13)I miss you. 我想你。

(14)He posted the latter.他把信寄出去了。

(15)Who knows the answer? 誰知道答案?

(16)She laughed at her. 她嘲笑他。

(17)He understands English. 他知道英語。

(18)He made cakes. 他做蛋糕。

(19)They ate apples. 他們吃蘋果。

(20)He said "hi". 他說你好。

3. 主語+謂語+表語 [S+V+P]

該句型謂語動詞為連系動詞.常見的系動詞有:be(是); get(變得), become(成為), turn(變得), look(看起來), feel(感到), smell(聞起來), taste(嘗起來), sound(聽起來), seem(似乎) 等。

例句:(1)He became a famous doctor. 他成為了一名著名的醫生。

(2) The apple pie tastes really delicious. 蘋果派吃起來真是好吃。

(3)His eyes are blue.他的眼睛是藍色的。

(4)I am a student. 我是一個學生。

(5)He is a teather. 他是一個老師。

(6)Nothing is impossible. 沒有什麼是不可能的。

(7)You are beautiful. 你很漂亮。

(8)They are my friends. 他們是我的朋友。

(9)This is my family. 這是我家人。

(10)He is my father. 他是我爸。

(11)This is my favorite place. 這是我最喜歡的地方。

(12)That is my house. 那是我的房子。

(13)Mary is beautiful and smart. 瑪麗很漂亮很聰明。

(14)This is a book. 這是一本書。

(15)The dinner smells good. 晚飯聞起來很好。

(16)He fell happy. 他覺得開心。

(17)Everything looks different. 所有事情都看起來不一樣了。

(18)The book is interesting. 書很有趣。

(19)The weather became warmer. 天氣轉暖了。

(20)His face turned red. 他的臉變紅了。

4. 主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語 [S+V+InO+DO]

這種句型中的及物動詞後跟雙賓語,既指人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語.也可以把間接賓語放在直接賓語之後,但要加介詞for或to。

例句:(1)My aunt bought me a computer. 我阿姨買給我一台電腦。

(2) I passed him the salt. 我把鹽遞給他。

(3)I gave him my address.我告訴他我的地址。

(4)He gave me an apple. 他給了我一個蘋果。

(5)My mother bought me a new schoolbag yesterday. 媽媽昨天給我買了一個新書包。

(6)I sent her a letter last week. 上周我給她發了一封信。

(7)The sun gives us light and warmth. 太陽給我們光和熱。

(8)We sent him a telegram. 我們給他發了個電報。

(9)Mum bought my sister a present. 媽媽給我妹妹買了一份禮物。

(10)I can buy you some flowers. 我可以給你買一些花。

(11)You must bring me something to eat. 你一定要給我帶一些吃的東西來。

(12)He bought me a book. 他給我買了一本書。

(13)He sent me an E-mail. 他給我寄了一封電子郵件。

(14)I told her a story. 我給她講了一個故事。

(15)She writes me a letter every day. 他每天都給我寫一封信。

(16)Chatting online will bring you a lot of fun. 網上聊天會給你帶來很多樂趣。

(17)He lent me ten yuan. 他借給我10塊錢。

(18)I will buy you a meal. 我會請你吃頓飯。

(19)I gave him my book. 我把我的書給他了。

(20)He showed the guard his passport. 他把通行證給門衛看了。

5. 主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語 [S+V+O+OC]

例句:(1)We must keep our school clean. 我們必須保持我們的學校清潔。

(2)I found the box empty. 我發現盒子是空的。

(3)I find the clock broken. 我看到鍾表壞了。

(4)I saw him playing football. 我看到他在踢足球。

(5)They made the boy work 16 hours a day. 他們讓這個男孩每天工作16小時。

(6)They ask us to work hard. 他們讓我們努力工作。

(7)We made him monitor. 我們讓他做班長。

(8)He asked me to clean the classroom. 他讓我打掃教室。

(9)Iaskedhimtohavedinner. 我讓他吃晚飯。

(10)Hetoldmetocleantheroom. 他告訴我打掃房間。

(11) Tomwantedmetomeethim. 湯姆想讓我見他。

(12)Iwatchtheboyplayingfootball. 我看到那個男孩在踢足球。

(13) Mygoodfriendtoldmeastory. 我的好朋友給我講了一個故事。

(14) LiLinoticedtwodogsfight. 李利注意到兩個狗在打架。

(15)Pleasehandmethepaper. 請遞給我一張紙。

(16). 那頭獅子命令那隻母雞給他一些雞蛋。

(17)Hewantedyoutogowithhim. 他要你一起跟他去。

(18). 李揚叫那個小男孩回家。

(19)Sheasksmetohelpher. 她請我去幫助她。

(20)Momletmein. 媽媽讓我進去。

『柒』 英語的五大基本句型是哪幾種

1.「主----系-----表」(SLP)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞是以be為主的連系動詞(Linking Verb),後面跟主語補語(Subject Complement),如:
These oranges have kept fresh. 這些桔子一直很新鮮。
Mary is a student / here /in the room. 瑪麗是個學生/在這兒/在房間里。
有的語法家把be後面的副詞(短語)或介詞短語視為狀語,從而形成了「主----動-----狀」(SVA)這一在五種基本句型之外的句型(見上面最後一個例句)。

2.「主----動」(SV)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為不及物動詞(Intransitive Verb),謂語部分通常只包括限定動詞,即使有狀語,也屬任意性狀語,即:去掉後並不影響句子結構和意義的完整,如:
This bread won』t keep (for a long time). 這種麵包不好(長期)存放。
Tom has left.
前面說過,有些句子中的狀語是不可缺少的,這種狀語被稱為必具性狀語,從而構成「主----動----狀」(SVA)句型,但這僅限於少數幾個動詞的某些用法,因而不是一種主要句型,如:
They are staying in a hotel. 他們暫住在一家旅館里。

3.「主----動-----賓」(SVO)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為只帶一個賓語的及物動詞,這種動詞被稱為單賓語及物動詞(Monotransitive Verb),如:
He kept the money. 他保存著這些錢。
They have left the hotel. 他們已經離開了那家旅館。
在這種句型中,狀語通常也不是必不可少的,但有少數幾個及物動詞的某些用法要求必具性狀語,從而形成了「主----動-----賓-----狀」(SVOA)這一在五種基本句型之外的另一種句型,如:
The train leaves London at nine. 這列火車九點鍾駛離倫敦。

4.「主----動----間賓-----直賓」(SVOiId)句型:
在這一句型中,謂語動詞為能帶一個間接賓語和一個直接賓語的及物動詞,這類動詞被稱為雙賓語及物動詞(Ditransitive Verb),如:
He kept me a dictionary. 他為我保存了一本詞典。
Shall I leave you the camera? 要我把照相機留給你嗎?

5.「主----動----賓----補」(SVOC)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為能帶復合賓語(賓語+賓語補語)的及物動詞,這類動詞叫做復合賓語及物動詞(Complex Transitive Verb),如:
She kept a notebook handy. 她手頭上隨時有個筆記本。
His illness left him weak. 他的疾病使他身體虛弱。

『捌』 五大基本句型和英語語法

英語簡單句自5種基本基本句型:

+
謂(不及物動詞)
S+V
eg
the
birds
are
f
lying

+
謂(及物動詞)賓
S+V
+O
eg.dogs
like
bones

+
謂(及物動詞)賓
+
賓補
S+V
+O
+OC
he
makes
me
laugh
.

+
謂(及物動詞)直接賓
+
間接

S+V
+DO
+IO
eg
mum
bought
me
a
book

+
謂(聯系動詞)
+表語
S+V
+P
英語語法涉及的知識點太多,此處就不列出來了。

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