A. 英語練習 時態專練 初二
一、如何變人稱;
下面有一句順口溜「一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新」。「一隨主」是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
「二隨賓」是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱。或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
「第三人稱不更新」是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何變時態：
直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態需要做相應的調整。
現在時它需改為過去時態；過去時態改為完成時；過去完成時則保留原來的時態。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一般不變化。
①直接引語是客觀真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引語是過去進行時，時態不變。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變為間接引語時，時態不變。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種反復出現或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態不變。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引語中的情態動詞沒有過去時的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已經是過去時的形式時，（例：could, should, would, might）不再變。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何變狀語：
直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內在規津，時間狀語由「現在」改為「原來」（例：now變為then, yesterday。變為 the day before）地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由「此」改為「彼」（例：this 改為that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何變句型：
①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven『t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don』t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引語如果是以「Let『s」開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用「suggest +動句詞（或從句）。」如：
He said, "Let』s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉述出來，這叫做間接引語。例如：
John said, "I』m going to London with my father."
約翰說："我要和父親到倫敦去。"（引號內是直接引語）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語從句是間接引語）
由直接引語變為間接引語，分以下情況：
1． 直接引語是陳述句時
間接引語為that引導的賓語從句（口語中that可以省略），主句的引述動詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-』He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引語是疑問句時
間接引語為陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1） 一般疑問句或反意疑問句變為if (whether)引導的賓語從句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven』t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2） 選擇疑問句變為whether….or 賓語從句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑問句變為由原來的疑問詞引導的賓語從句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引語是祈使句時
間接引語為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補足語（don』t 變為not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don』t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
（1） 有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動詞 加以轉述。例如：
He said, "Let』s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don』t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引語是感嘆句時
間接引語為what 或how 引導，也可以用that 引導。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句謂語動詞為各種現在時或一般將來時，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時態。如果主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態按下列變化：
（1） 一般現在時變為一般過去時
（2） 現在進行時變為過去進行時
（3） 一般將來時變為過去將來時
（4） 現在完成時變為過去完成時
（5） 一般過去時變為過去完成時
（6） 過去完成時不變，仍為過去完成時
[注意]
（1） 如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時，變為間接引語，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2） 如果直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變為間接引語時，一般過去時不改為過去完成時。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引語所述事實在當時和目前同樣生效，變為間接賓語時，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如：
He said, "I』m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反復出現或習慣動作，在變為間接引時，一般現在時不改為一般過去時。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變為間接引語時，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引語中含有情態動詞 must, need, had better以及情態動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變為間接引語時，這些情態動詞沒有時態的改變。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代詞等一般地應作用相應的變化。
指示代詞 this ---that
these--- those
表示時間的詞 now --- then
today--- that day
this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
yesterday ----the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
表地點的詞 here --there
動詞 bring -- take
come --go
直接引語和間接引語練習
I. 請選出正確的答案:
1. Where was Alice's sister? I don't know where ________.A.
was Alice's sister B. Alice's sister wasC. is Alice's sister
D. Alice's sister is2. What did he say? I don't know what _________.A. did he say B. he says C. he has said D. he said3. I don't know ___________.A. the reason why can be B. why the reason may beC. what the reason can be D. what the reason may be4. I wonder ___________ .which of the following is not the right choice?A. whether she will be fit for the job or notB. whether or not she will be fit for the jobC. if she will be fit for the jobD. what she will be fit for the job5. Is Mr. Wu from Beijing? I don't know ________.A. where does he come from B. from where does he comeC. which city he comes from D. what city he comes from6. Can you make sure _________?A. that he will come here today B. when he will come here todayC. will he come here today D.whether will he come here today7.Do you happen to know ______?A. where is her address B. in which place is her addressC. what her address
is D. the place her address is8. Excuse me, but can you tell me ________?A. where can I get to the library B. where I can get to the libraryC. how can I get to the library D. how I can get to the library9. John asked me _______ to visit his uncle's farm
with him.A. how would I like B. if or not would I likeC. whether I would like D. which I would like10. I'd like to know ________ Chi-nese.A.when he began to learn B. when did he begin to learnC.when did he begin learning D. for how long he began to learn II. 將下列句子變為間接引語:1. "You should be more careful next time," his father said to him.2. Mr. Wang said, "I will leave for Shang-hai on business next month, children."3."I haven't heard from my parents these days," said Mary.4. The geography teacher said to us, "The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun."5. She said to him, "It's time that you left here."6. Zhang Hong said to me, "Doctor Wang passed away in 1948."7. John said to his parents, "I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term."8. The history teacher said to them, "The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st , 1921."9. He said, "Are you a student?"10. "Have you anything interesting I can read, George?" she said.
B. 二合一英語七下答案
一、ADCDCBDCBDCBDCB
二、回1.friendly 2.watching 3.terrified 4.speak5.being
三、1.Did you use to play the piano? 2.I didn't useto likeEnglish 3.You used to have long hair, didn』答t』 you? 4. What did hisfather use tolook like?
四、What did; use to do 2.didn't she 3.What did;use; wear 4.aminterested in 5.by himself
五、1.lot 2.used 3.was 4.interested 5.changed
C. 八下英語二單元語法
Unit 2 What should I do?
重點語法：過去將來時態（將來時態的委婉說法）
do/does 的過去將來時態形式：(should/would) do
do/does 的過去將來時態的被動語態：(should/would) be done
過去將來時態的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問句例句：What should I do?
重點短語：keep sb. out 不讓某人進入
What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎麼了？
out of style 不時髦的；過時的
call sb. up 給某人打電話
pay for sth. 為某事付款
part-time job 兼職工作
the same as = be same (to/with) 與……同樣
in style 時髦的；流行的
get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 與某人相處（好）
didn't = did not
couldn't = could not
as ... as possible 盡可能……(eg/ as soon as possible 盡快)
all kinds of 各種；許多
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事
ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事
spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花錢做某事
sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事
take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時間做某事
find out 查明
find sb. doing sth. 發現某人做某事
be angry with sb. 生某人的氣
be angry at sth. 生某事的氣
the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一樣
have fight with sb. 與某人打架
learn to do sth. 學會做某事
not ... until ... 直到……才……
compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較
it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到該做某事的時間了
maybe adv. 或許
may be （情態動詞 + 動詞原形）可能是
shall → should 情態動詞 shall 的原形和過去式
pay → paid → paid 動詞 pay 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)
You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (時刻學著應用新單詞來學習比時刻使用字典這種途徑方法更好。)A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的場合下，一本雙語字典有時會給你錯誤的解釋。)
希望能幫到你啊！
D. 八下英語語法總結簡單易懂
八下英語語法
Unit 1
一般將來時
1．定義：表示將來某個時間將要發生的動作或存在的狀態
2．肯定句式：主語+will/ shall/ be going to +動詞原形
否定句式：主語+will/ shall +not或be not going to +動詞原形
疑問句：Will/ Shall +主語+動詞原形+其他？
Be +主語+going to +動詞原形
3．標志詞(時間狀語)
tomorrow, in 2012, in +一段時間 (in three days, in five years), next month (week, year), later on, tomorrow morning 等。
*4．現在進行時表將來
come, go, fly, leave, arrive等短暫性動詞用進行時表將來.
eg： We are leaving for Hong Kong next week.
Unit 2
情態動詞
1. 用法：情態動詞表示建議、要求、可能和意願等。情態動詞後面跟動詞原形，情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。常用的情態動詞有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, need等。
2. should的用法
a. should作為助動詞shall的過去式，可以在間接引語中與第一人稱主語搭配，表示過去將來時間。
b. should作為情態動詞，通常用來表示現在或將來的責任或義務，意為「應該」、「應當」，這時它可以和ought to, be supposed to互換使用，可用於各種時態。
3. 情態動詞could表示「建議」時不是can的過去式，而表示比can更加委婉的建議。
4. 情態動詞can, could, shall, should還可以表示「請求，許可」。shall 和should用於第一人稱，表示徵求對方的建議或意見。
Unit 3
過去進行時
1. （1）定義：表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在發生或進行的動作，常與表示過去某一時刻的時間狀語連用。
（2）結構：was/ were +doing
（3）標志詞：at this time yesterday, at 8 yesterday morning，有時與when或while引導的時間狀語從句連用等。
（4）過去進行時態與一般過去時態的區別：
a. 一般過去時態表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態。
b. 過去進行時態強調過去某一時間正在進行的動作。
2. when 和 while的用法
（1）when一般指時間點，從句中的謂語動詞用終止性動詞，但也可以跟時間段，這時從句中的謂語動詞要用延續性動詞。
eg：When I arrived there, it was raining.
(2 ) while意為「正在……時」，表示在某一段時間內某動作或狀態是延續的，後面只能跟時間段，而不能用時間點，所以while引導的從句中的謂語動詞用延續性動詞。
eg：The dog ran out while we were talking.
(3 ) when引導的從句的動作和主句的動作既可以同時發生，也可以先後發生；而while強調主句和從句的動作同時發生。
Unit 4
直接引語、間接引語
1. 步驟：（1）不要「，」「：」「 「 」 」
（2）要考慮到人稱的變化
（3）要考慮時態的變化
（4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語、指示代詞的變化
（5）直接引語變為間接引語後，都要使用陳述句語序
2. 直接引語變成間接引語時，要把原來的時態向前推移，幾個主要時態的變化規律有：
直接引語
間接引語
一般現在時
一般過去時（客觀真理除外）
一般將來時
過去將來時
現在進行時
過去進行時
3. 直接引語變為間接引語後，所用的連接詞是不同的
（1）陳述句用that連接，that可省略
（2）一般疑問句用if 或whether引導
（3）特殊疑問句用特殊疑問詞引導
Unit 5
條件狀語從句
1. 表示「如果……」「在某種條件下，會……」
2. 時態
一般主句用將來時，從句用一般現在時。
主句用過去將來時，從句用一般過去時。
*3. if 與whether 引導條件狀語從句時，一般可互換，但也有區別：
（1）引導主語從句，而且放於句首時，必須用whether
（2）引導表語從句時，必須用whether
（3）whether與or not 連用
（4）動詞不定式之前必須用whether
（5）介詞之後必須用whether
Unit 6
現在完成進行時
1. 定義：表示從過去某一時間開始，一直延續到現在的動作。這個動作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續，並可能延續到將來。
2. 結構：have/ has been +現在分詞
3. 標志詞：for two weeks, since 2000, all this morning, these few years 等。
*4. since 與 for 用於現在完成進行時的區別：
since用來說明動作的起始時間，所以後跟表示某一時間點的名詞性短語
for用來說明動作延續時間，所以後跟表示一段時間的名詞性短語
5. 現在完成時與現在完成進行時的區別
a. 現在完成時強調動作的完成情況
b. 現在完成進行時側重強調動作的持續性
Unit 8
感嘆句
what引導名詞，how引導形容詞或副詞。
句式：What + a/an +形容詞+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語 ！
What + 形容詞 + 可數名詞復數/ 不可數名詞 +主語 +謂語 ！
How + 形容詞/ 副詞 +主語 +謂語！
Unit 9
現在完成時
1. 用法：（1） 在未指明具體時間的情況下，現在完成時動詞通常可以表示在說話之前已經完成，而後果或影響至今仍存在的動作。
（2） 開始於過去持續到現在（也許還會繼續進行下去）的動作或狀態。
2. 肯定句式：主語 +have/ has +done
否定句式：主語 + have/has +not+ done
疑問句：Have/ Has +主語 +done ?
3. 標志詞：already, never, ever, just, before, yet
*4. come, go, leave, arrive, buy, lose, receive, join, die, bury, marry等動詞所表示的動作是一時的，不能延續的，所以不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。但是這些詞用於否定句則可與表示持續的時間狀語連用，即動作的不發生是可以持續的。
Unit 10
1.祈使句。祈使句後一般加上will you或won't you構成反意疑問句，用will you 多表示「請求」，用won't you 多表示提醒對方注意。如：
Let引導的祈使句有兩種情況：
1) Let's...,後的反意疑問句用shall we或shan't we。
2)Let us/me...後的反意疑問句用will you或won't you。
3）祈使句都用will you 或won』t you
2.當陳述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 結構時，其反意疑問句須與從句的主、謂語保持一致，注意主句的主語必須是第一人稱。
3.當陳述部分含有以下這些含有否定意義的詞時：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑問句需用肯定結構。
4.陳述部分的主語是everything, nothing, anything或something 時，反意疑問句的主語應用代詞it。
5.陳述部分是there be句型時，其反意疑問句中要用there。
6.陳述部分有had better時，反意疑問句中要用hadn't。
7.當陳述部分含有情態動詞must時，我們便要分析一下must的含義。如果must 作「一定；要；必須」講，反意疑問句須用mustn't或needn't；而當must作推測意義「一定是；必定」講時，反意疑問句則需根據must後的動詞原形選用相應的形式-
E. 八下英語第一單元語法點
[人教版]新目標英語八年級上冊知識要點 Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 重點語法：頻率副詞詢問別人做某事版的頻繁程度提問用 How often 引導特殊權疑問句回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等頻率副詞。例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多長時間看一次電視？) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看電視。) A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜歡的節目是什麼？) B: It's Animal World.(是《動物世界》。) A: How often do you watch it?(你多長時間看一次這個節目？) 希望能幫到你啊！
F. 初二英語下冊每單元語法講解和語法練習
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G. 八年級下學期英語每單元重點語法列出來
1. 一般將來時 表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。例如：He will come to see you next month.他下個月將會來看你。Will people use money in five hundred years?500年後人們用錢嗎？2. 委婉建議用should should作為情態動詞，可用於各種人稱，意為「應該」，用於表示勸告、建議等，其否定形式為shouldn』t。例如：You should write a letter to your mother.你應該給你媽媽寫封信。He shouldn』t drink and drive.他不應該酒後駕車。3. 過去進行時 表示在過去某個時間正在進行的動作或過去某一階段一直進行的動作。例如：—What were you doing when your mother came in? 你媽媽進來時你正在干什麼？—I was playing computer games. 我正在玩電腦游戲。4. 直接引語與間接引語 直接引語指直接引述別人的原話，而間接引語則指用自己的話轉述別人的話。直接引語變間接引語時，要注意在人稱和時態上作適當的調整。例如：He said, 「I will fly to Paris tomorrow.」→ He said that he would fly to Paris tomorrow / the next day.Mr.81 回答採納率:20.1% 2010-06-06 14:23 樓主，您好Unit 11. Words &phrases: how often , hardly , twice , once , difference , look after , although ,etc .2. Learn to talk about how often do you do things .3. 一些表示頻率的副詞: always , usually , often , never , hardly ever , sometimes .4. 句子結構: What do you usually do on weekends ?How often ··· ?及回答. how often引起的特殊疑問句及回答.2. 「be good for」 means :有益於…，對…有好處.Unit 2Unit 31. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc.2. How to talk about future plans .3. 現在進行時表示將來計劃或行動.4. 特殊疑問句（where , when , how long引導）Important and difficult points :Drills :What are you doing for vacation ?I』m watching TV .When are you going ?I』m going … .How long are you staying ?We』re staying for five days .Unit 41. Words & phrases: get to , how far , bicycle , subway , minute , mile , bus stop .2. Talk about how to get to places (談論出行方式)take the bus /subway /train /taxi , ride a bike /walk .3. how引導的特殊疑問句，表示乘坐何種交通工具的方式.how far ,how long 引導的特殊疑問句.4. 基數詞及時間的表示方法.how /how far /how long 引導的特殊疑問句.乘坐交通工具的表示方法.It takes /will take/took sb some time to do sth .使用how many 和how much 分別對可數名詞和不可數名詞的量提問.情感目標:培養學生熱愛勞動的習慣.掌握由there be 結構和行為動詞構成的一般過去時.掌握規則和不規則動詞的過去時.掌握一般過去時態的以how long , when , where 等疑問詞開頭的特殊疑問句.掌握一般將來時的用法. be going to 的用法.Could you please + do sth ?Could you + do sth ?有禮貌地提出請求.掌握一些形容詞的比較級和最高級.特殊形容詞的比較級和最高級：一、比較級的定義：大多數的形容詞都有三個級別：原級、比較級、最高級。其中比較級表示「更……」，用於兩者之間的比較，用來說明「前者比後者更……」，比較級前面一般用much, even, a little修飾，其中even, much 只能修飾比較級。二、比較級的構成：（1）規則變化：①單音節和部分雙音節的形容詞一般在詞尾加-erEg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter②以字母e結尾的直接在詞尾加-rEg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger③以「輔音+y 結尾的詞，變y為 i，再加-er」Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier④以重讀閉音節的單個輔音字母結尾的詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加-erEg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter⑤多音節或部分雙音節的形容詞在原級前面加moreEg: popular---more popular important---more important（2）不規則變化：少數形容詞的比較級變化是不規則的：good---better bad/ill---worse many/much---morelittle---less far---farther/further old---older/elder三、比較級的用法:(一)當兩個人或事物（A和B）進行比較時，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的原級或者比較級1． 表達「A和B一樣」，用as…as的結構。公式: A+be動詞+as+形容詞原級+as…+BA+實義動詞+as+副詞原級+as…+BEg I am as tall as you.我和你一樣高。He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一樣快。2．表達「A不如B」用not as…as的結構。公式: A+be動詞的否定形式+as+形容詞原級+as…+BA+助詞的否定形式+動詞+as+形容詞原級+as…+BEg I am not as tall as you.我沒有你高。He doesn』t run as fast as I. 他沒有我跑得快。2． 表達「A大於B」用「比較級+than」的結構。公式: A+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+B…A+實義動詞+副詞比較級+than+B…Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。(二)關於形容詞、副詞比較級的更多用法1．比較級前面可以加上表示「優劣程度」的詞或短語，意思是「更…」，「…得…」。常見詞有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一點點。想一想，這些詞能修飾形容詞或副詞的原級嗎？2.比較級前面可以加上表示具體數量差別的結構,表示具體「大多少」，「小多少」，「長多少」，「短多少」等。Eg I am two years older than he.我比他大兩歲。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3．「比較級+and+比較級」表示「越來越……」。 It is getting warmer and warmer．天氣越來越暖和。He is running faster and faster．他跑得越來越快。0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我們祖國越來越美了。4．「the more…， the more…」表示「越……，就越……」，The more，the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越細心，犯錯就越少。5．「the more…of the two…」表示「兩個當中較。。。的一個」The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、當三個或三個以上的人或事物進行比較時，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的最高級1．表達「…是…中最…的」,用「the+形容詞（副詞）的最高級」的結構。後面可以加上表示範圍的介詞短語或從句。公式：主語+be動詞+the +形容詞最高級+（名詞）+表示範圍的介詞短語或從句主語+實義動詞+（the） +形容詞最高級+表示範圍的介詞短語或從句Eg He is the tallest (student) in our class. He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2．表示「最…的…中一個」，用「one of +the +最高級+復數名詞」的結構來表達。Eg He is one of the best students in our class.他是我們班最好的學生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.這是花園里最漂亮的花之。注意：(一) 形容詞的最高級前面有定冠詞the , 而副詞的最高級前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最高級前有物主代詞時，不能要定冠詞the.（二）常見的用來表示範圍的介詞有in, of, among五、運用形容詞、副詞比較級應當注意的問題： (一)、按語法規則，than後面的人稱代詞應當用主格，但口語當中有時會用賓格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).(二)、只有同類的事物才能比較 e.g Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能說 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.謝謝採納！
H. 八年級下英語語法
新目標英語八年級上筆記
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （語言目標）
1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans.
談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases （重點短語）：
1. how often 多長時間一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 許多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…開始
6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一個月兩次
11. be good for 對…有好處
12. once in a while 偶爾
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out 緊張
21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired 變的疲勞
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看電視
26. play basketball 打籃球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放鬆
30. sports camp 運動野營
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away 離開
34. get back to school 返回學校
35. stay for a week 呆一個星期
36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機
42. get to 到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行
46. ride a bike 騎自行車
47. bus stop 公共汽車站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 離開去…
50. school bus 學校班車
51. the early bus 早班車
52. be different from 與…不同
53. half past six 六點半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多於
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比賽
60. school team 校隊
61. come over to 過來到…
62. the day after tomorrow 後天
63. be good at 擅長於…
64. two years ago 兩年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone 與大家談話
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter?
What』s wrong?
What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I』m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
就找到這些，加油吧！