A. 仁愛版英語九年級上冊每個單元分別要學哪些語法名稱 如：現在完成時 ……
我也要上九年級了而且是仁愛版的，我不知道每個單元要講什麼語法，
但我我知道九年專級的三大語屬法難點
1.現在完成時（記住完成時的標志詞、公式、短暫性動詞與持續性動詞的變換）
2.定語從句（先行詞+關系詞+從句）關系詞是考試重點 關系詞有八個 你上網查查把
3.被動語態
還有你需要掌握的主謂一致、非謂語動詞、反義疑問句 這些也都是九年級的語法吧 我也不太清楚 你了解了解對你學習很有用的
B. 仁愛版初中英語語法
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比較級 and 比較級） 表示越來越怎麼樣
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 贊成某人
5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
7 along with同……一道，伴隨…… eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
8 As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的東西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……歲時 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的開始
15 at the end of +地點/+時間 最後；盡頭；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 現在進行時 2 將來時
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允許做什麼
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視
23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什麼而生某人的氣
25 be as…原級…as 和什麼一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高
26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 28 be away from 從……離開
29 be bad for 對什麼有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生於 31 be busy doing sth 忙於做什麼事 be busy with sth 忙於……
32 be careful 當心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什麼不一樣
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好
36 be from = come from 來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 裝滿……的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原） 將來時
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善於……
41 be good for 對什麼有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高興做某事
43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處
Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
44 be in good health 身體健康
45 be in trouble 處於困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣
47 be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的氣
50 be made from 由……製成(製成以後看不見原材料)
51 be made of 由……製成(製成以後還看得見原材料) 52 be not sure 表不確定
53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
55 be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊傑
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 嚴於做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什麼
65 be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大腦（老師）
68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試
69 be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語
70 be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什麼一樣 73 be used to doing sth 習慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺
74 be worth doing 值得做什麼 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
76 because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什麼開始什麼
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 兩者之間
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給……什麼東西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎麼去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我幾個周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 關心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什麼不關心國家的未來
85 catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地
87 come in 進88 come over to 過來
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考慮做什麼 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什麼不考慮去瀘州？
92 dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
93 decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做錯 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意……
99 each +名（單）每一個…eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監獄里逃跑出來 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什麼
106 far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發現做某事怎麼樣
108 find sb/sth +adj 發現什麼怎麼樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名詞）
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(頭發被剪了）
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫拔掉了）
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什麼而准備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 從某處得到某物 121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續做這件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上學（用於專業的）go to the school 去學校（不一定是上學） 127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會 130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談
131 have been doing 現在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方）……去過某過地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地還沒回來
133 have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什麼事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業要做 I have nothing to do 我沒什麼事情做
135 have to do sth 必須做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什麼事情有麻煩
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用處
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 幫助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什麼的看法
145 if : 是否＝wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能准時到達
146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般時態）＋條件語態從句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最後
150 in the north of… 什麼在什麼的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東 ）
C. 英語仁愛九年級上的知識點和語法
I like music that Ican dance to.
【教學目標】1.會表達自己的喜好(Learn to expresspreferences)
2.習使用定語從句(Practice using theAttributive Clause)
3.練習使用本單元的目標英語(Practice using thetarget language.
【單元內容概述】一.單詞。1.名詞類:
lyric(歌詞;抒情詞句);fisherman;entertainment;feature;wife;
photograph;photography;photographer;
exhibition;gallery(美術館;畫廊);show;display;
class(等級;類別);official;energy;Italian;Indian;weight;
figure(統計)數字;potato;chip;chocolate;sugar;coke;
2.動詞類:prefer;display;interest;suggest;
suit;expect;release;double;spoil(寵愛;溺愛)
3.形容詞類:gentle;known;honest;Italian;Indian;overweight;fresh
4.副詞類:roughly(粗略地;大體上)
二.片語和短語(Key Phrases)
Yellow River黃河remind …of…提醒;使……記起
on display/show展覽;陳列catch up趕上;跟上
sing along with和著……一起唱dance to伴著……跳舞
different kinds of不同種類的be sure to一定
[pic00000.bmp]她最珍愛的照片
[pic00001.bmp]在一個星期一的上午
prefer…to…喜歡……勝過……become overweight變得過重
10 percent百分之十release a healthsurvey發布一項健康調查
in different ways以不同的方式;在不同的方面
三.目標語言(Target Language)
1.—What kind ofmusic do you like?
【重、難點講解】一.重點詞彙
1.prefer v.(1)prefer=like sth.better,單獨使用時.其用法與like相同。例如:
I perfer walkingalone.我比較喜歡一個人溜達.(prefer doing)
She prefers to bealone.她寧願獨自一個人.(prefer to do)
I prefer my coffeeblack.我愛喝不加奶的咖啡.(prefer sth.)
prefer sb.to do sth.
Their father prefersthem to be homeearly.他們的父親希望他們早回家.
prefer sth.prefer doingprefer to doprefer sb.to do sth.
(2)prefer…to…(=choose sth.ratherthan sth else;
like sth.betterthan…)是一個固定短語,意為「寧願選擇……而不願選擇;跟……比起來更喜歡…….
例如:He prefers tea tocoffee.他喜歡茶勝過咖啡.(prefer sth.to sth.)
I prefer walking tocycling.我願意步行,不願意騎自行車.(prefer doingsth.to doing sth.)
(3)prefer to…ratherthan…寧願做……而不願做……
eg.I prefer to stay athome rather than goto the movie.
我寧願呆在家裡,也不願意去看那個電影.
eg.I prefer to stay athome rather than goto the movie.
The heroine preferredto die rahther thansurrender.女英雄寧死不屈.
2.interest v.引起……的關注;使……感興趣
interest v.(=cause one to givehis/her attentionto sth.)
提示:(1)interest還可以用作名詞,指「興趣;好奇心;關心」。
eg.Now,he's grown up
他已經長大了,對集郵不再感興趣了,完全失去興趣了。
(2)interestedadj.「(對某人或某事物)感興趣的;關心的」
interestingadj.「有趣的;引起興趣的」
I tried to tell himabout it,but he justwasn't interested.我想把這件事告訴他,可他簡直不感興趣。
[pic00013.bmp]
那位老人很有趣,並且對任何事情感興趣。
3.expect. 預計;預料;期待;盼望
expect. v.(thinkor believe thatsth.will happen orthat sb/sth willcome)
expect的常用搭配為:(1)expect sth(from sb.)
eg.This is the parcelwhich we have beenexpecting(from New York).
這是我們一直在期待底(從紐約來的)郵包。
I was expecting apresent from her,soI was disappointed Ididn't receive one.
我原來一直盼望著收到她送的禮物,所以因得不到而失望。
(2)expected to do sth.
eg.You can't expect tolearn a foreignlanguage in a week.
不要指望一個星期就能學會一門外語。
(3)expect sb.to dosth.
eg.We expected him toarrive yesterday.我們原以為他昨天能到。
I expect you to behere on time.我要求你准時到這兒。
You'll be expectedto work on Saturdays.你們星期六要上班。
(4)expect+that-clause
eg.I expect (that) Iwill be back onSunday.我預計星期日回來。
You would expectedthat there would bestrong disagreementabout this.
你可以料到此事會有嚴重分歧。
注意: expect還有「料想;認為;猜想」等含義,相當於think,suppose.
eg.「Who has eaten allthe cakes?」「Tom,Iexpect.(I expectthat it was Tom).」
「誰把蛋糕都吃光了?」「我想是湯姆[大概是湯姆]吧。
「Will you need help?」「I don't expect so.」「你需要幫忙嗎?」「我想不必了」
「Will he be late?」「 I expect so.」「他會遲到嗎?」 「我想會的。」
4.remind sb. of sth.(=cause sb.toremember sth)提醒;使……記起
He reminds me of hisbrother.我見到他便回想起了他的哥哥.
This song reminds meof France.我一聽到這首歌就想起了法國.
5.catch up趕上;跟上
catch sb.up或catchup with sb.趕上某人;達到與某人相同的境界.
catch sb.up或catchup with sb.=reach sbwho is ahead;reachthe same stage as sb.
eg.Go on in front.I'llsoon catch you up/catch up (with you).
你先走,我很快就會趕上你.
eg.Go on in front.I'llsoon catch you up/catch up (with you).
After missing a termthrough illness hehad to work hard tocatch up (withothers).
他因病一學期未上課,得努力趕上(其他同學).
After missing a termthrough illness hehad to work hard tocatch up (withothers).
6.It does have a fewgood features,though.但是,它的確有幾個好特點.
(1) 該句中,does是用來強調,表示 「真的;的確」.
除了does外,我們還可以根據時態和人稱的需要,用do和did來表示強調.又如:
He does study hard.(比He studies hard.要強烈.)
We did come hereyesterday.(比We came hereyesterday.要強烈)
They do give me alot of help.(比They give me alot of help.要強烈)
6.It does have a fewgood features,though.
(2)在口語中,though可以用作副詞,相當於however,放用在句末:
eg.I expect you areright—I'll ask him,though.我認為你說得對—我去問問他們也好.
She promised tophone.I heardnothing,though.他答應要打點話來.可我沒聽到回信兒.
二.重點語法 (一)疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構英語有個很有用的結構,就是:
疑問詞+不定式動詞(question word+to-infinitive)。
疑問詞是疑問代詞「who,whom,what,which,whose」和疑問副詞「when,where,how,why」。
此外,此外,連接詞「whether」也適用。
例句:I don't know what totry next.I'm not sure what toexpect.
「疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五種:
1.當主語,如:
When to hold themeeting has not yetbeen decided.Where to live is aproblem.
2.當賓語,如:
We must know what tosay at a meeting.
He could not tellwhom to trust.
Do you know how toplay bridge?
3.當補足語,如:
The problem is whereto find thefinancial aid.The question is whoto elect.
4.當名詞同位語,如:
Tom had no ideawhich book to readfirst.
Do you have a roughimpression how to doit?
5.當賓語補足語,如:
Jim is not surewhose to choose.
Mary and John arenot certain whetherto get married ornot.
適用於「疑問詞+不定式動詞」的動詞包括:
「know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,
imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand」等。
值得特別注意的是:當這結構當賓語時,它的作用等於名詞從句,例如:
I could not decidewhich dictonary tobuy.
=I could notdecide whichdictionary I shouldbuy.
Jack did not knowwhere to find such agood teacher.
=Jack did not knowwhere he could findsuch a good teacher.
有些動詞,如「ask,show,tell,advise,inform,teach」等,
可以先有個賓語,然後才接著加上適當的「疑問詞+不定式動詞」 結構。例如:
The chief engineershowed them how torepair the machine.
Have you told himwhere to get theapplication form?
綜上所述,可見「疑問詞+不定式動詞」結構是個形象清新,
既容易用又不容易出錯的特別結構,可以多多運用。
(二)語從句(Attributive Clauses)
定語從句(AttributiveClauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞叫先行詞。
定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。關系代詞有:
who,whom,whose,that,which等。關系副詞有:when,where,why等。
例如:I like music that Ican dance to.
I love singers whowrite their ownmusic.
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。
關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
(1)who,whom,that 這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to seeyou? 他就是你想見的人嗎?
(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。
(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
(2)Whose用來指人或物,(只用作定語,若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
They rushed over tohelp the man whosecar had broken down.那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me thebook whose(ofwhich) cover isgreen.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
(3)which,that 它們所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which/that had never beenseen before appearsin the countryside.
農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在句中作主語)
The package (which/that)you arecarrying is aboutto come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
(which/that在句中作賓語)
(1)when,where,why 關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
關系副詞when,where,why的含義相當於"介詞+which"結構,因此常常和"介詞+which"結構交替使用,
例如: I still remember theday when (on which)I first came here.
我至今還記得我初來咋到的那一天.
Beijing is the placewhere (in which) Iwas born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reasonwhy (for which) herefused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
D. 初三 英語 仁愛版和新概念版語法
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3） 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如：
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。
3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含義：她已不在人間。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含義：她現在還活著）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去）
注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：
Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。
2）情態動詞 could, would。例如：
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎？
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。例如：
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。例如：
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.4 一般將來時
1） shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如：
Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？
2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢？
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。
c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲，快要下雨了。
3） be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如：
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。
4） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意願。例如：
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.7 一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開？十分鍾後。
2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。
3）在時間或條件句中。例如：
When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比爾來後，讓他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡，就寫信給你。
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務必把窗戶關了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.8 用現在進行時表示將來
下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如：
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎？
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.9 現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態，其結果的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成：have （has） +過去分詞。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時
1）一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆為具體的時間狀語。
現在完成時的時間狀語：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不確定的時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：
I saw this film yesterday. （強調看的動作發生過了）
I have seen this film. （強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了）
Why did you get up so early? （強調起床的動作已發生過了）
Who hasn't handed in his paper? （強調有卷子未交，疑為不公平競爭）
He has been in the League for three years. （在團內的狀態可延續）
He has been a League member for three years. （是團員的狀態可持續）
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.11 用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。例如：
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時。例如：
This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
典型例題
（1） ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.12 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我現在已不在這里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（現在我仍在這里工作。）
注意：用句型轉換的方法，很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1）（對） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（錯） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.13 since的四種用法
1） since +過去一個時間點（如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：
I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在這兒。
2） since +一段時間+ ago。例如：
I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經有五個月了。
3） since +從句。例如：
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後，變化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後，變化可大了。
4） It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如：
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1） 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如：
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 （表結果）
I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。（表經歷）
2） 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現在完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.15 過去完成時
1） 概念：表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如：
She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。例如：
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來。
3） 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如：
He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年，愛迪生開始自己謀生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了，因為他到達晚會時，大部分客人已經走了。
典型例題
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前，因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下，when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。
注意： had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如：
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門，他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如：
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車，轉眼又賣了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時
1） 兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先後，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。例如：
When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起來。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子，我把它丟了。
2 ） 兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。例如：
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3） 敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。例如：
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.17 將來完成時
1） 構成will have done
2） 概念
a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如：
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。
b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如：
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時，你已經到達上海了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.18 現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法：
a. 表示現在（指說話人說話時）正在發生的事情。例如：
We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。
b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。例如：
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。（說話時並未在寫，只處於寫作的狀態。）
c. 表示漸變，這樣的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：
The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。
d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如：
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。
典型例題
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由於沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.19 不用進行時的動詞
1）表示事實狀態的動詞，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。
2）表示心理狀態的動詞，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。
He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。
3）瞬間動詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：
I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。
4）系動詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.20 過去進行時
1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作延續的時候，另一個短動作發生。
3） 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來，受了傷。
It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時，正下著雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到達山頂時，陽光燦爛。
典型例題
1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，後跟形容詞，如：fall sick。
E. 仁愛初中英語語法詳解及中考詞彙
連系動詞be的用法
I． 概念
連系動詞be，在剛開始學英語句子時，恐怕你首先遇到動詞王國中的成員就是。不少同學對be的說法不一，這叫be如何「是」好？連系動詞be的基本意思是「是」，其實，不少場合連系動詞be也充當「不是」。真可謂「是也不是」。讓你先一睹be的「容貌」吧。
（1）詢問年齡及回答時be不譯出。
—How old are you? 你多大了？
—I'm eleven.我十一歲。
（2）詢問姓名與回答時be不譯成「是」。
—What's your name? 你叫什麼名字？
—My name is Amy. 我叫Amy。
（3）在一些表示問候的用語及答語中be不譯出。
—How are you? 你好嗎？
—I'm fine. Thank you. 我很好。謝謝。
II． 用法
連系動詞be是am, is, are三者的原形，一般不直接出現在句子中，而是以am, is, are的形式出現。它們各有分工，而且隨著主語的人稱和數的變化而變化。am最專一，始終跟著I轉；are 跟you, we及表復數名詞或復數意義的詞連用；is的交際最廣泛，is與「他、她、它」形影不離，至於名詞單數，指示代詞（this/that）都與is結下不解之緣。
剛開始學習英語的同學，往往對連系動詞be與主語人稱保持一致的問題把握不好。為此，建議你在歌謠中熟悉連系動詞be的「身影」：
我用am，你用are；
is用在他、她、它；
遇到復數全用are。
一般來說，be是當系動詞用的，但是當有助動詞，比如can could will would shall should，後面就要加原型（和普通的動詞差不多），完成事態用been，如have/has/had been
F. 九年級下冊仁愛版英語短語和語法
這回呢
Unit 5 Learning about China
Topic 1 Could you tell me something about the places that you visited?
大約5000年的歷史
about 5000 years of history
吸引了許多遊客 attract many tourists
數以百萬 millions of
許多 a (great) number of
第一、二、三長河 the longest river/the second longest river/the third longest river
中華民族文化的發源地
the birthplaces of Chinese culture
還有一些別的嗎？ Anything else?
給某人取某物 fetch sth for sb=fetch sb. sth.
我能給你一本《中國指南》
I can fetch you Guide to China.
詳細介紹……introce…in detail
位於
lie in(范圍內) lie to(范圍外) lie on(接壤)
穿過 ，流經 run through
匯入渤海 join the Bohai Sea
淡水湖 the fresh water lake
第二大淡水湖
the second largest fresh water lake
在中國的西南部
be in the southwest of China
青藏高原 the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
很值得做某事 be well worth doing sth
海拔 above sea level
多麼令人驚奇啊 What a surprise!
最奇妙的地方 the most fantastic place
聽說過 hear of
實現 come true
國內外 home and abroad
三面環山
be surrounded on three sides by mountains
陶醉於…，全神貫注於…， 沉浸於…… lose oneself in…
因為 because of sth.
…之鄉 the home of
龍井茶 the Dragon Well
龍井茶之鄉 the home of Dragon Well Tea
尋找機會做某事
look for a chance to do sth.
與某人分享……share sth. with sb.
如此……以至so…that…
不但……而且not only…but also…
被認為是， 作為……而著名 be known as… 因……而著名be known for….
把…看作/認為 regard …as …
be regarded as=be considered as …
東方明珠 the Oriental Pearl
購物天堂 Shopping Heaven
想起，考慮，認為 think of
品嘗各種各樣鮮美的水果
enjoy various delicious fruits
來某處旅遊 come to sw. for a visit
作為……服務的橋梁serve as a bridge
損壞,拋錨,變得惡劣 break down
駕駛執照the driving license
拿走 take away
有不同的特點 have different feasures
與…截然不同 be quite different from
南北有很大的不同 There are many differences between the north and the south.
零度以上/以下 stay below / above zero
雪下得很大 snow heavily
雨下得很大 rain heavily
風颳得很大 blow strongly
被…覆蓋 be covered with
做戶外運動 do outdoor activities
堆雪人 make snowmen
仍雪球 throw snow balls
滑冰 go skating
溫暖潮濕 mild and wet
享受明媚的陽光 enjoy the bright sunshine
在海灘上 on the beach
人們的生活方式 people』s way of life
習慣於吃麵食
be used to eating food made with flour
麵食 food made with flour
生活在北方平原live on the northern plains
通過陸路來往 come and go by land
走陸路/走水路 travel by land / by water
Topic 2 Confucius, a pioneer in the field of ecation.
在教育領域in the field of ecation.
一個教育領域的先驅者
a pioneer in the field of ecation.
一個偉大的思想家
a great ancient philosopher
真知灼見 wise ideas and thoughts
人類行為 human behavior
主要思想 main ideas
禮貌 good manners
至理名言 wise sayings
從…學會 learn sth. from
在…多歲時 at the age of …
在他三十多歲時 in his thirties
溫故而知新
Learn the new while reviewing the old
為...感到驕傲be proud of =be the pride of
航海 ocean journeys
死於疾病 die of illness
總共in total
積極參加take an active part in
受…歡迎 be popular with
成立 set up
推翻 bring down
因…而跨掉，出故障，壞掉
break down from…
成功做某事 succeed in doing sth
去世pass away
演講 give a speech
講學 give a lecture
發明雜交水稻develop hybrid rice
獲得諾貝爾物理獎
win the Nobel Prize for Physics
消滅 wipe out
到安全地點 to safety=to the safe place
一份新長征計劃 a new Long March
Topic 3
帶某人參觀某地 show sb. around sw.
給某人看…show sb. to sw.
王權的象徵 a symbol of imperial power
真龍天子
real dragons and the sons of heaven
中華民族的象徵
a symbol of the Chinese nation
扮演一個角色
play a/an…part in…=
play a/an ……role…
在中國節日中占重要角色
play an important part in Chinese festival
龍年the year of the dragon
鼓勵某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
承諾做某事 promise to do sth.
承諾接受意見
promise to follow the suggestions
要麼..要麼 either…or…
圍擠在…周圍crowd around…
下象棋 play Chinese chess
…和…都…, 兩者都…Both …and …
兩者都都不…Neither …nor …
為了…in order to …
為反對…而斗爭 ，與…戰斗fight against
為了紀念某人/某事 in memory of
爆發break out
依靠，依賴，取決於 depend on
在某人的幫助下
with one』s help=with the help of sb.
最…之一
one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數
在三世紀 in the 3 rd century
在…末梢 at the end of….
傳開， 傳播，蔓延 spread to /through
G. 初三上冊英語語法總結（仁愛版）
1.by making flashcards 2. ask sb.for help 3. read aloud 4.that way = in that way 5. improve my speaking skills 6.for example
7. have fun doing sth.
8.have conversations with friends 9.get excited about 10.end up speaking in Chinese 11. do a survey about 12. keep an English notebook / take notes
13.spoken English=oral English 14.make mistakes 15.get the pronunciation right 16.practise speaking English 17.first of all 18. begin with 19.later on 20.in class 21.laugh at 22.take notes 23.enjoy doing 24.write down 25.look( it )up in a dictionary 26.native speakers 27.make up 28.around the world 29.deal with sb.
30.worry about = be worried about 31.be angry with sb. 32.stay angry 33.go by 34.regard…… 35.complain about/of 36.change …into…=turn…into…
37.with the help of… / with one』s help
38.compare…to( with )
39.think of / think about
40.physical problems
41.break off 42.not…at all
43.have trouble ( in ) doing sth
44.with my bedroom light on
45. practise doing 46. watch sb. do sth. 47. the best way to do sth. 48. join the English club
49. memorize the words of pop songs 50. in grammar / in original sentences
51. write ( it ) down
H. 求英語（仁愛版）初3所有的語法...
leave sb by oneself 獨自留下某人 needn't=don't have to 不需 it's+形容詞+to do sth make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得開心 tell sb (not)to do sth 告訴某人做某事 ask sb (not)to do sth 詢問某人做某事 be(not)+形容詞+enouth+to do sth be+too+形容詞+to do sth take care of=look after 照顧 each+of 固定搭配 as soon as 一……就 want,agree,ask,begin,decided,listen,hope,learn 以上詞語後跟to do sth finish,enjoy,keep,mind,miss,practise 以上詞語後跟doing sth stop,forget,remember 以上詞語後可跟to do sth也可跟doing sth。比如「forget to do sth」意思是「忘記去做某事（表示事情還沒做）」，「forget doing sth」則表示「忘了做過某事（表示事情已經做了）」，如此類推，其餘兩個用法相同。 see sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看見過某人做某事 make it+形容詞+to do sth enjoy/help/teach+oneself 靠自己 reach=get to=arrive in/at 註：arrive in表示到達較大的地方，比如一個國家，一座城市等；arrive at表示到達較小的地方，如學校，電影院等。 have been to 曾經去過某地（現在已經回來了） have been in 一直在某地（現在仍在某地） have gone to 去了某地（現在正在去的途中，還沒回來） 現在完成時：have(has)+動詞過去分詞 look forword to+動詞ing diveded into 把……分成 a little=a bit of 一點點 too……to+動詞原形 現在完成時的動詞短語變化： began→be on come/arrive→be here go/leave→be away buy→have die→be dead borrow→keep join→be a member(in) in+一段時間 表示將來 將來時表達形式：be going to do sth=will do sth=be doing sth do one's best = try one's best 盡力去做某事 afraid to +動詞 afraid of +名詞 use to do sth 過去常做某事 didn't use to do = usen't to do 過去不做某事 no longer = not any longer 現在不做某事 fill with = be full of 裝滿 go to bed 上床去睡覺 go to sleep 入睡 fall asleep 從上床到入睡的全過程（動態） be asleep 睡著（靜態） on+具體某天的早上/下午/晚上 make out of 用……做出 a bit + 形容詞 a bit of + 名詞 a few （用於可數名詞肯定句） few （用於可數名詞否定句） a little （用於不可數名詞肯定句） little （用於不可數名詞否定句） many （用於可數名詞） much （用於不可數名詞） bit （可數與不可數兩者均可） one 一個 ones 復數 another 另外一個 the other 兩個裡面剩下的一個，表單數 others （除了一部分）其中的一部分 the others 剩下所有的，表復數 other+名詞 fall asleep = stay awake 熬夜 did(not)……until 知道……才（不）做 常用句型： both...and 兩者都 neither...nor 兩者都不 either...or 不是……就是，表示兩者選擇其中一者 ...
希望採納
I. 求仁愛版初中三年英語黑體單詞+語法總匯
例題（一） 形容詞和副詞
I． 要點
A． 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來修飾、描繪名詞的，通常在句中作定語、表語或賓補，有時還可作狀語。如：
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語時，謂語通常用復數形式。如：
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個形容詞作定語修飾名詞的順序：
冠詞+序數詞+基數詞+性質狀態（描述性）+形狀大小+新舊老少+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞。如： the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容詞比較等級的形式
（1） 規則形式
一般說來，單音節詞及少數雙音節詞在後加-er; --est 來構成比較級和最高級；其他雙音節詞及多音節詞在前加more, most.如：
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
（2） 不規則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
（3） 形容詞比較等級的用法
①表示兩者的比較，用形容詞的比較級+than. 如：
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示兩者以上的比較，用"the +形容詞最高級（+名詞）+of(in) …"如：
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示兩者是同等程度，用"as +形容詞原級+as". 如：
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎麼贊揚這個老師也不過分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過的最好的一頓飯。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英語和你的英語都不怎麼樣。
B．副詞
1、 副詞的種類
（1） 時間副詞 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
（2） 地點副詞 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
（3） 方式副詞 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
（4） 程度副詞 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級的用法
其用法與形容詞相似，只是副詞最高級前可省略定冠詞。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區別
（1） already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經發生，主要用於肯定句；yet表示期待某事發生，主要用於否定句和疑問句；still表示某事還在進行，主要用於肯定句和疑問句，有時也可用於否定句。如：
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
（2） too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用於肯定句和疑問句，too和as well多用於口語，一般放在句末，而also多用於書面語，一般放在句中與動詞連用。either用於否定句和否定的疑問句，往往放在句末。如：He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意為"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意為"最近、近來"，late意為"晚、遲"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建築物的高用high,並且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞後面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：該題正確答案為B。"the+形容詞比較級+… , the +形容詞比較級+…"意為越…，越…。該句意為：吃的葯越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：該題正確答案為C。A和B都用於肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不"，而C-either則用於否定句中，意為"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：該題正確答案為B。A. deep用於副詞時，修飾具體的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞，如該題為deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均為副詞，不能互相修飾。
（二） 介詞
I． 要點
1、介詞和種類
（1） 簡單介詞，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
（2） 復合介詞，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介詞和其他詞類的習慣搭配關系
（1） 和動詞的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
（2） 和形容詞的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
（3） 和名詞的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語，這種修飾語通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少數幾個副詞。如：
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
（1） at, on, in（表時間）
表示時間點用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不確定的時間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指長於或短於一天的時段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
（2） between, among（表位置）
between僅用於二者之間，但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關系時，也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用於三者或三者以上之間。如：
He is the best among the students.
（3） beside, besides
beside意為"在…旁邊"，而besides意為"除…之外"。如：
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
（4）in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動物或人在樹上，而on the tree 指果實、樹葉長在樹上
（5）on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問一句 in this way 用這樣的方法
（6）in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角內 at the corner 指在拐角外
（7）in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般說法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
（8）by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說法 on the bus 特指乘某一輛車
II． 例題
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B兩項except等於but，意為"除了…"，C-beside意為"在…旁邊"，不符合題意。而D-besides, 意為"除了…之外，還有"。所以該題正確答案為D。該題意為：除了英語外，你還知道別的語言嗎？
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D ring
解析：我們均知道，at night這一短語，但如果night前有修飾詞，表具體的夜晚，則要用介詞on來修飾，故該題正確答案為A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：該題正確答案為A。look forward to 為固定搭配，意為"期望、盼望"。
（三） 連詞
I． 要點
1、 連詞的種類
（1） 並列連詞用來連接並列關系的詞、短語或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
（2） 從屬連詞用來引導從句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了從屬連詞（引導狀語從句）外，還有其它可以用來引導從句的詞類。它們是連接代詞和連接副詞（引導名詞性從句），關系代詞和關系副詞（引導定語從句）。
2、 常用連詞舉例
(1)and 和，並且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和， 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是，而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…， 要麼…要麼…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因為
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而，可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者，否則
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此，所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 雖然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因為
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
（14）unless 除非，如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
（15）until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬間動詞用於not… until 結構)
He stayed there until eleven.
（16）while 當…時候，而 (表示對比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while後不可用瞬間動詞)
My pen is red while his is blue.
（17）for 因為
He was ill, for he didn't come. (結論是推斷出來的)
（18）since自從…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
（19）hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
（20）as far as 就… 來說
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那裡)
II． 例題
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析：該題意為：John踢足球如果不比David好的話，那也踢得和David一樣好。 和…一樣好為as well as. 故該題正確答案為B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析：該處意為"然而"，只有while有此意思，故選D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析：該處意為"或者"，正確答案為C。
你要以課本後的單詞為主，然後分類記單詞．如可以歸納為：時間類，事物類，飲料類，地點類，醫療衛生類，職業類，水果類等等，動詞片語九年級下後面有．復習起來很方便．