『壹』 跪求高中英語虛擬語氣的講解~
★ 高考英語虛擬語氣專題講座★
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★ 語氣是一種動詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態度。英語中有三種語氣：陳述語氣，疑問語氣，虛擬語氣。
虛擬語氣定義：虛擬語氣表示所說的話只是一種主觀願望、假設或建議等。
虛擬語氣的學習重點：
1. 虛擬語氣的在條件句中的基本用法和四個基本情態動詞的用法。
2. 虛擬語氣的倒裝。（if省略，條件句中中有had, should, were）。
3. 兩種錯綜虛擬語氣。
4. 含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣。
5. 過去的計劃，打算，願望等未曾實現時的虛擬語氣。
6. 特殊句型中的虛擬語氣：兩個。重點為wish後賓語從句中的虛擬語氣及as if和as though從句中虛擬語氣的表示法。
7. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的應用。即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意願等的名詞性從句。
8. 不清惜條件的虛擬語氣。
★★★虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法列表如下：
相關時態 主句形式 從句形式 例句
與現在事實相反 Should\would\could\might+do（動詞原形） 過去式（be動詞各人稱都用were） If I were you, I should \would make full use of my time to study.
與過去事實相反 Should\would\could\might+have done（動詞過去分詞） Had+done(過去分詞) If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
與將來事實相反 Should\would\could\might+do（動詞原形） 1. 過去式（be動詞各人稱都用were）
2. should+動詞原形
3. were to +動詞原形 If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved.
★★★注意四個情態動詞的用法：
1. 若表示在某一假設的條件下，必然而然就會發生某事，第一人稱可用should或would, 而二、三人稱只用would.
2. 若表示在某一假設條件下就能夠干某事，各人稱都用could.
3. 如果表示在某種假設條件下有可能會發生某事，各人稱都用might.
★★★虛擬語氣倒裝
請看典型考題：__________ your address，I would have written to you.
A. Did I know B. Were I to know C. Had I known D. If I should know
此題應選 C。這是虛擬語氣的倒裝形式。當虛擬條件句中含有 were，had，should，could等動詞時，可以將if省略，然後將 were，had，should，could 等詞移至句首：
1. If he should fail，he would kill himself. →Should he fail，he would kill himself. 萬一失敗，他就會自殺。
2. If I were you，I would do it at once. →Were I you，I would do it at once. 假若我是你，我就會馬上做。
3. If I could do it，I would. →Could I do it，I would. 要是我能做此事，我一定會做。
4. If he had seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it.
→Had he seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it. 他昨天要是看到了你，他就會問你這事了。
注意：順便說一句，以上移至句首的 had不一定是助動詞，如果是實義動詞也可倒裝：
5. If he had money，he would buy a car. Had he money，he would buy a car. 他要是有錢，他就會買一輛小車。
將下列倒裝句恢復正常：
a. Were it not for the fact that you are ill, I would give you a good beating.
要不是因為你有病這一事實,我就會狠揍你一頓。
b. Had he asked me, I would have given him my advice.要是他請求我的話，我就會給他建議的。
c. Were it to snow tomorrow, the hunter would not go hunting.萬一明天下雪，獵人就不去打獵了。
★★★錯綜虛擬語氣
How I wish I had studied harder when I was in school!
If you had, you ____ work into late every day nowadays.
A. don』t B. wouldn』t C. didn』t D. won』t
[解析]「要是我在校時能夠更加努力地學習，那該多好啊！」「要是你當時努力學習的話，你現在就不會每天都工作那麼晚了。」根據句意，條件與過去事實相反，而主句與現在事實相反。
常見的兩種錯綜虛擬語氣：
1．從句與過去事實相反相成，而主句與現在事實相反。例如：
If you had not been strict with me when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.如果我年輕時你沒有對我嚴格要求的話，我現在就不可能是這么成功的一個人。（這種虛擬語氣的特點是主句中常含有時間准狀語now 或nowadays）
2. Should anyone come and ask for me, tell them I will come back tomorrow.萬一有人來找我，告訴他們我明天回來。（主句為祈使句，條件句與將來事實相反，表示說話人認為某件事情發生的可能性很小。）
★★★含蓄虛擬條件句
含蓄虛擬條件句是指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來暗示存在虛擬條件。這類用法主要見於以下七種方式：
1. 將條件隱含在不定式短語中。
I should be happy to go with you. 如果能與你一起去，我將很高興。(=I should be happy if I could go with you.)
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你學習更用功些，你早就考及格了。(=if you have studied harder, you…)
2. 將條件隱含在分詞短語中。
Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好時代，他早就成為學者了。(=If he had been born in better times, he …)
Failing this time, what would you do？ 假若這次失敗，那你怎麼辦？(=If you failed this time, what…)
Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified. 要一個人單獨在黑暗中走，瑪麗會感十分害怕。(If Mary walked alone in the dark, she…)
3. 將條件隱含在介詞短語中。
Without air, no one could live. 沒有空氣，人就不能活。(=If there were no air, no one could live.)
But for his help, he would have failed. 要不是有他的幫助，他就會失敗了。(=If it hadn』t been for his help, he would have failed.)
常用的介詞或介詞短語，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under, under more favorable condition等。
4. 將條件隱含在名詞短語中。
A true friend would not have betrayed me.
若是真正的朋友，就不會背棄我。(=If he had been a true friend, he would…)
A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer.
要是你早來幾個小時，你就見到這位著名的作家了。(If you had come a few hours earlier, you…)
5. 將條件隱含在某些連詞(如or, or else, otherwise等)中：
具體用法如下：它們後的句子如果說的不是客觀事實，它們前邊的句子採用陳述語氣，後邊的句子採用虛擬語氣。
○1 句子（一般現在時）+ or, or else, otherwise + 句子（謂語部分：should\would\could\might等+ 動詞原形）
○2 句子（一般過去時）+ or, or else, otherwise + 句子（謂語部分：should\would\could\might等+ have done）
I didn』t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn』t have believed him.
我不知道他是個騙子，不然我也不會相信他了。(or else=if I had known he was a cheat))
I』m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.
我真的是太忙了，不然我就會同你一道去了。(otherwise=if I were not so busy))
6. 將條件隱含在定語從句中。
Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo.
凡是看過那畫的人，都可能把它看成是照片。(=If anyone had seen that painting…)
7. 將條件隱含在一定的上下文中。
Don』t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long.
不要費事看所有這些文件了，那會花太多時間。(=…If you read all these papers, it would take too long)
常用來表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段連詞如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(惟恐) , on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
(註：lest, for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語動詞多用should+動詞原形，但可以不用虛擬語氣，而用動詞的陳述語氣形式。)例如：
★ The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him.這位外籍教師說得很慢以免我們聽不懂。
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.
在使用此法時要小心謹慎，以免會發生溢流現象。
★★★過去的計劃打算願望等未曾實現時的虛擬語氣
1. 表過去願望未曾實現時，常用would like to have done sth. 或would have liked to do sth.(前者常用)
I would like to have gone to the celebration, but I couldn』t get away. 我本來想參加慶祝會，但未能脫開身。
2. 表示過去本來該干某事但沒有干時，用should\ought to have done sth. 若表示本來不該干但卻幹了某事時，用should not\ought not to have done sth.
The criminal should have told the truth, but he refused to. 那罪犯本來應該說出實情，但他不肯說。
3. 表示過去本來有能力干某事，但未能幹成時用could have done sth.
I could have lent you the money, but you did not turn to me for help. 我本來能借給你那筆錢，但你沒有向我求助。
4. 表示過去本來有可能幹某事，但未能幹成時用might have done sth.
You might have been chosen, but you gave up the chance. 你本來有可能被選上的，但你放棄了那個機會。
5. 表示過去本來願意干某事，但未能幹成時用would have done sth.
The cook would have helped you, but his wife stopped him. 那廚師本來願意幫助你，但他妻子制止了他。
6. hope, want, expect, plan等動詞表示過去願望、計劃、打算等未曾實現時，把謂語動詞用成過去完成時或把它們後面的不定式用成完成式。
I had hoped to become a poet, but I turned teacher instead. 我本希望當個詩人，但我卻當了老師。
I hoped to have become a poet, but I turned teacher instead.
My playmate hoped to have entered a key university last year, but his wish didn』t come true.
我的夥伴本打算進入一個重點大學，但他的夢想沒能實現。
7. be to do sth.句型表示過去計劃安排未曾實現時，用was\ were to have done sth結構.
The European tourists were to have arrived by ten, but they were caught in a shower and delayed.
那些歐洲的遊客本來10點到達，但他們遇上了陣雨，被推遲了。
The building was to have been completed by the end of last month, but the plan failed.
這棟樓本來計劃上個月底建完，但計劃失敗了。
8. be going to句型表過去個人打算未曾實現時，用was\were going to結構。
--Did you go to the museum yesterday?
--No, I was going to, but something urgent happened at the last moment.
你昨天到博物館去了嗎？ 我本來打算去，但在最後的片刻發生了緊急的事情。
I was going to meet you at the station, but I had to work extra hours writing a report for my boss.
我本來打算去車站見你，但我不得不在工作幾個小時給我老闆寫份報告。
★★★虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的使用：
（一） 主語從句中的虛擬語氣
在It is ＋形容詞／某些動詞的過去分詞＋主語從句的結構中，從句的謂語動詞須用動詞原形或 should ＋do的形式。這些類型包括：
1、It』s important…類 形容詞
這一類型主要包括It is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that. . .句型。如：
It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能會回家去。
It is necessary that I should return it right now. 我有必要馬上把它還回去。
It is important that we should speah politely. 我們說話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。
It is not necessary that everyone be a scientist. 沒有必要使每一個人都成為科學家。
It is imperative that we should practise critidsm and self-criticism. 應當進行批評與自我批評。
2、It』s a pity…類 名詞
It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得這么差，真可憐。
It』s a pity that he should be so obstinate. 真遺憾他竟這樣倔犟。
It was a pity that you couldn』t come. 你不能來，真是太遺憾了。
It is a pity that she failed the driving examination. 她沒通過駕駛考試真是遺憾。
It is his desire that a medical man should stay here. 他希望有一個醫務人員留在這里。
3、It』s desired…類 某些動詞的過去分詞
這種主語從句還常用在It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。如：
It is requested that a vote be taken. 建議付諸表決。
It is settled that you leave us, then? 那麼你肯定要離開我們羅?
It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting. 有人提議這事下次會議再討論。
★ It is desired that this rule should be brought to the attention of the staff. 希望這條規則引起全體職員的注意。
【特別說明】
(1) 在現代英語中，有時也可不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣，但初學者宜慎用。
(2) 在It is amazing (strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised (sorry) 和I regret等結構後的that 從句中有時也用should，表示說話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有「竟然」之意：
It』s strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此無禮，真是奇怪。
I』m surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失敗了，這使我很吃驚。
若不用虛擬語氣也可以，則不帶感情 色彩，比較：
It』s a pity that he failed the exam. 他考試沒及格，真是遺憾。
It』s a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考試竟沒及格，真是遺憾。
decided（決定的）、 important（重要的）、 ordered（命令的）、 advisable（合理的）、
demanded（要求的） desire（期望的）、 desirable（合乎需要的）、 essential（緊要的）、
insistent（堅持的）、 natural（自然的）、 preferabl（更可取的）、 proposed（建議的）、
recommended（推薦的）、required（要求的）、 urgent（緊迫的）、 vital（極其重要的）
appropriate（適當的）、 arranged（安排好的）、 better（較好的）、 imperative（迫切的）、
possible（可能的）、 probable（可能的）、 resolved（決心的）、 strange（奇怪的）、
suggested（建議的）
It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city．這座城市急需任命一位新市長。
（二）賓語從句用虛擬語氣的10種類型
1、I wish後的賓語從句 （ 略）
We wish he didn』t smoke. 我們希望他不吸煙。
I wish prices would come down. 我希望物價能降下來。
I wish the train would come. 我希望火車會來。
2、表示「堅持」後的賓語從句
主要是指insist的賓語從句，從句謂語由「should+動詞原形」構成，其中的should在美國英語中通常可以省略。如：
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我堅持要他留下。
He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他堅持要我同他們一起去。
Rose insisted that he be present. 羅斯堅持要他出席。
The detective insisted that he should have a look. 警探堅持要查看。
注意：動詞insist後接賓語從句時，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區別是：若謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發生，或尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發生，或已經成為事實，則要用陳述語氣。比較：
He insisted that I had read his letter. 他堅持說我看過他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他堅持要我看他的信。
3、表示「命令」後的賓語從句
主要是指order, command的賓語從句，從句謂語由「should+動詞原形」構成，其中的should在美國英語中通常可以省略。如：
He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。
Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded. 法官命令被告還押。
The King ordered that the man be released. 國王命令釋放那人。
He commanded that we (should) attack at once. 他命令我們立即發起進攻。
4、表示「建議」後的賓語從句
主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的賓語從句，從句謂語由「should+動詞原形」構成，其中的should在美國英語中通常可以省略。如：
He suggested that we should leave early. 他建議我們早點動身。
The doctor advised that he change his job. 醫生勸他換工作。
They recommend that this tax be abolished. 他們建議取消這種稅。
I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now. 我建議我們現在就吃午飯。
The committee proposed (that) Mr. Day be elected. 委員會建議推選戴先生。
The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 醫生建議他不要抽煙。
I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once. 我提議對此問題立刻進行表決。
He proposed that Mr. O』Leary be the chairman. 他提議奧列利先生擔任主席。
She suggested that I (should) be responsible for the arrangements. 她建議我來負責進行安排。
注意：與動詞insist相似，動詞suggest後接賓語從句時，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區別也是：若謂語動詞所表示的情況尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣，此時suggest通常譯為「建議」；若謂語動詞所表示的情況為既成事實，則要用陳述語氣，此時的suggest通常譯為「表明」、「認為」。比較並體會：
He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建議我們留下吃飯。
What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他說的話表明他是個騙子。
I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我覺得你與他心照不宣。
5、表示「要求」後的賓語從句
9、表示「希望」「打算」後的賓語從句
主要是指動詞desire, intend後的賓語從句，從句謂語由「should+動詞原形」構成，其中的should在美語中通常省略。
She desires that he do it. 她希望他做此事。
They intended that the news (should) be suppressed. 他們打算封鎖這條消息。
I desire the patient should have a bath every day. 我希望病人每天洗澡。
10、表示「指示」後的賓語從句
主要是指動詞direct後的賓語從句，從句謂語由「should+動詞原形」構成，其中的should在美國英語中通常可以省略。
The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 將軍指示釋放那些俘虜。
（三）表語從句和同位語從句
有些名詞引起的表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語動詞須用動詞原形或should ＋do的形式。
這些名詞包括：
advice（忠告）、 decision（決定）、 demand（要求）、 desire（渴望）、 idea（想法）、
motion（提議）、 necessity（必要性）、 order（命令）、 plan（計劃）、 preference（偏愛）、
proposal（建議）、 recommendation（推薦）、requirement（要求）、suggestion（建議）等。
例句13：His proposal is that we turn off TVfor half an hour every day．他建議我們每天少看半個小時的電視。
特別提示：從以上的各類從句中我們可以得到以下的推論，即當一個動詞後面的賓語從句中要使用（should）＋do的虛擬語氣形式時，則可推理出用法相同的一組從句。以動詞advise為例：
（1）I advise that we stay and wait here．（動詞後的賓語從句）
（2）It is advised that we stay here．（It is ＋動詞的過去分詞＋that引導的主語從句）
（3）It is advisable that we stay here．（It is ＋由該動詞轉換的形容詞＋that引導的主語從句）
（4）My advice is that we stay here．（由該動詞轉換的名詞後的表語從句）
（5）I offered the advice that we stay here．（由該動詞轉換的名詞後的同位語從句）
（6）I think it advisable that we stay here．（由該動詞轉換的形容詞作賓語補足語，it為形式賓語，真正的賓語從句中使用虛擬語氣）
以上六類從句中所使用的都為（should）＋do的虛擬語氣形式。
★★★wish後賓語從句用虛擬語氣
一． Wish本身為現在時，後面得賓語從句如果與現在存在狀態相反的願望，從句中謂語動詞採用過去時或過去進行時，遇到be動詞時各人稱都用were.
二． Wish本身為過去時，後面得賓語從句如果與過去存在狀態相反，從句中謂語動詞採用過去時，遇到be動詞時各人稱都用were.
三． 凡發生在謂語（wish）以前的動作，從句中的虛擬語氣謂語的結構形式是過去完成時, 即had+動詞過去分詞或would \ could + have done。
四． 凡發生在謂語（wish）以後的動作，從句中的虛擬語氣謂語的結構形式是過去將來時，即（would +動詞原形），如果用到情態動詞can，各人稱都用could.
五． I wish + 從句的結構還可以轉換成if only+ 從句結構。If only後也要採用虛擬語氣，其構成及意思與I wish + 從句完全一樣。
六．從句的時態只與從句所指的時間有關，而與wish的時態無關，比較：
I wish I were not so busy. 但願我不那樣忙碌。 （與現在相反）1
I wish I were [was] better looking. 要是我長得漂亮些就好了。 （與現在相反）1
I wished I were rich. 當時我後悔自己沒有錢。 （與過去相反）2
I wished I had been rich. 當時我後悔自己曾經沒有錢。 （與過去相反）3
She wished she had stayed at home. 她後悔的是她當時要是留在家裡就好了。 （與過去相反）3
I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我們一起去就好了。 （與將來相反）4
I wish you wouldn』t look down on this kind of work. 我希望你不要看不起這種工作。 （與將來相反）4
I wish you wouldn』t smoke any more. 我希望你不再抽煙了。 （與將來相反）4
I wish you would be more respectful to your father. 我希望你對你父親更尊敬些。 （與將來相反）4
I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什麼用處。 （與將來相反）4
If only I were you.= I wish I were you. 我要是你就好了。 （與現在相反）5
★★★虛擬語氣的幾個特殊句型：
★★★would rather後句子用虛擬語氣：would rather後接句子時，句子謂語習慣上要用虛擬語氣，具體用法為：
1．一般過去時表示現在或將來的願望
I』d rather you went tomorrow (now). 我寧願你明天(現在)去。
I』d rather you came next Saturday. 我寧願你下星期六來。
I』d rather you were happy. 我願你快樂。
I』d rather she sat next to me. 我寧願她挨著我坐。
I』d rather Jack left on an earlier train. 我寧願傑克乘前一班火車走。
You always go without me and l』d rather you didn』t. 你總是不帶我去，我可不願意你這樣。
「Shall I open the window? 」 「I』d rather you didn』t. 」「我要不要把窗子打開? 」 「我看不要打開好。」
2. 用過去完成時表過去的願望
I』d rather you hadn』t said it. 我真希望你沒有這樣說過。
I』d rather you hadn』t done that. 我寧願你沒這樣做。
l』d rather you had been / hadn』t been present。我 (寧) 願你當時在場 / 不在場。
l』d rather he had told / hadn』t told me about it 我 (寧) 願他告訴了 / 未告訴我這件事。
Katie went by car and I』d rather she hadn』t. 凱蒂是坐汽車去的，我寧願地不坐汽車去。
『貳』 高中英語虛擬語氣
這是虛擬語氣中錯綜條件句，也就是主從句不是一致的。if you had come earlier 和過去相反，you would catch the bus 和現在相反。
『叄』 高考英語虛擬語氣語法總結
虛擬語氣，對過去虛擬，從句用過去完成時
虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的一種願望，假設，懷疑，猜測， 建議等含義，虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的話，我就會帶走他們。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰見了李華，我就告訴了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有時間，我會來幫助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。
虛擬語氣的用法
1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中，表示祝願，命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝願你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝願我們的友情天長地久。
Have a good journey!
祝願你旅途愉快！
You go out！
你出去！
2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。動詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣， 賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望，要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。
動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中，"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用： should + 動詞原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我們有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她這樣做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。
虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的主句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時，動詞有三種時態形式，即現在，過去和將來。
與現在事實相反的：
條件從句 結果從句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動詞原形。
與過去事實相反的：
條件從句 結果從句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你，我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有時間，我會學習法語的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英語的話，她不會找我幫忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一點起床，就會趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天氣好，我就去買東西。
有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題：
1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if，而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青點， 她就會乾的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址，他會去看她的。
2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。
I could help you.
我本來可以幫助你。
If I had time.
我要有時間該多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她應該來參加聚會。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他們以前努力學習的話，現在乾的就會容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會幹得這樣好。
『肆』 求高中英語倒裝句 虛擬語氣所有語法要點, 最好不要復制
虛擬語氣
A．用wish表示對現在的願望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。
B．用wish表示對將來的願望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
C．wish用於對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的願望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。
(2)had hoped引起的賓語從句中備用語動詞形式為would+動詞原形，表示一種過去未實現的願望或令人失望的事。
(3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當時或將來的情況，用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉的責備
（4）It』s (high, about) time that 句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語氣形式，即動詞要用過去式。
由連接詞in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬形式，即should(might, would)+動詞原形
（5）虛擬語氣用於as if（though）引起的方式狀語從句和表語從句中，其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同
（6）其它各種句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等
倒裝句
1)句首的狀語若是由often開頭或副詞only+狀語(副詞,介詞短語或狀語從句等)放在句首時:
Often did I tell him not to make trouble.
2）含有否定意義的副詞或連詞(如little, scarcely, barely,rarely, seldom,never, no sooner…than, not only,hardly…when…, 等)放在句首時
Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.
3）副詞so, neither, nor, no more用在句子的開頭,表示前面
說的情況也適合於另一個人或事物以避免重復的句子,作"也"講時,
引導的句子用倒裝語序,例如:He went to the film last night. So did I
『伍』 高考英語虛擬語氣用法總結
一.概念: 動詞虛擬語氣表示說話人的願望, 假設, 猜測, 建議, 請求, 意圖, 設想等未能或不可能成為事實的情況, 或者在說話人看來實現可能性很小的情況, 而不表示客觀存在的現實
二.虛擬語氣的表現形式: 通過句中謂語動詞的特殊形式來表現. 這些特殊形式與謂語動詞的某些時態相同, 但它們只表示語氣, 而不表示時態, 但含有一定的時間概念
虛擬語氣的用法
一.虛擬語氣在簡單句中的用法: 謂語動詞用原形或may +動詞原形
1.表示祝願
a. Long live our country.
b. May you succeed.
c. May you be happy all your life.
2.表示命令
a. Everybody leave the room.
二.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法: (使用虛擬語氣的含條件句的復合句稱為真實條件句)
1.表示與現在事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用動詞的過去式 (be動詞的過去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might +動詞原形 (should多用於第一人稱, would多用於二三人稱, could / might可用於所有人稱)
a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.
b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.
c. If they didn』t take exercises every day, they wouldn』t be so healthy.
d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.
e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.
2.表示與過去事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用had done形式, 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might + have done的形式
a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.
b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday』s exam.
c. If you had taken the teacher』s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
3.表示與將來事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語形式是: ①.完全動詞過去式 (be的過去式通常用were); ②.should +動詞原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③種情況都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的謂語的形式是: should / would / could / might +動詞原形
a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.
b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.
c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.
d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.
三.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中用法的幾個變體:
1.條件從句省略if: 在書面語中, 如果條件從句中的謂語中有were, had, should等詞, 可將if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首
a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.
b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.
2.省略條件從句或主句, 省略部分的含義仍有所體現. 省略主句時, 表示己不能實現的願望
a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).
b. I wouldn』t smoke (if I were you).
c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起該多好啊)
d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!
3.主從句時間不一致時, 主從句謂語動詞的形式取決於要表示的具體時間
a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.
b. If she hadn』t trained so hard, she wouldn』t be able to run so fast.
4.假設的條件不以條件從句, 而以其他方式如介詞短語、從句等表達出來, 這種句子稱為含蓄條件句
a. What would you do with a million dollars?
b. Without music, the world would be a ll place.
c. We could have done better with more money.
d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.
四.虛擬語氣在as if / though從句中的用法:
1.表示與現在事實相反或對相在情況有所懷疑, as if / though從句謂語用過去式
a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.
b. She looked as if she were ill.
2.表示與過去事實相反的情況, as if / though從句謂語用過去完成式
a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.
五.虛擬語氣在含even if / though從句的復合句中的用法:
在此類復合句中, 若表示與事實相反, 可用虛擬語氣形式. 主從句的謂語動詞形式與非真實條件句相同
a. Even if I were rich, I would work.
六.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法:
如果表示說話人的看法, 想法或意見, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that從句中, 主語從句中可用虛擬語氣. 主語從句中謂語動詞用should do表示現在或將來情況, 用should have done表示過去情況
a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.
b. It is important that you should take the doctor』s advice.
c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.
七.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法:
1.在wish的賓語從句中, 通常表示不可能實現或沒有實現的願望, 常用虛擬語氣
①.wish的賓語從句用過去式, 表示現在或將來沒有實現或不可能實現的願望
a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.
b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.
c. I wish I could help you.
d. I wish I were young.
②.wish的賓語從句用過去完成式, 表示過去沒有實現或不可能實現的願望
a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.
b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.
③.wish的賓語從句若用would, 則一般表示請求, 對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變
a. I wish the prices would come down.
b. I wish you would help me.
c. I wish he would be more careful.
d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.
2.在動詞suggest (建議), advise (建議), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (堅持)後的賓語從句中, 謂語動詞常用( should )+動詞原形的虛擬語氣形式
a. I suggested that we should go there at once.
b. I demand that he should answer me at once.
c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.
d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.
與名詞suggestion建議 / advice 建議 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有關的從句(包括同位語從句和表語從句等)中的謂語也用 ( should ) +動詞原形
a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.
b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.
c. I was Bill』s suggestion that everybody should have a map.
d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.
八.虛擬語氣用在句型: It is time that(該做某事了)中: that從句中的謂語動詞用過去式
a. It is time we got up.
九.虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中: 表示但願, 要是就好了, 其中謂語形式與wish的賓語從句相同
a. If only he didn』t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn』t drive so fast.)
b. If only he had taken the doctor』s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor』s advice.)
c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)
十.虛擬語氣用在would rather / prefer後的that從句中: 表示現在或將來情況謂語動詞用過去時形式, 表示過去情況動詞用過去完成時形式
a. I would rather he came next Saturday.
b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.
c. I would rather that he painted the house blue
『陸』 高中英語語法虛擬語氣
He worked very hard, otherwise he [couldn't have passed] the entrance exam.
事件發生在過去，所以對過去虛擬。他學習非常努力，不然他不會通過入學考試專。（事實是屬當時他就通過了入學考試）
『柒』 哪位高手可以給我詳細的講講高中英語虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣(Subjunctive Mood)這一語法項目是各類英語考試中心測試的重點之一。虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，用來表示說話人所說的話並不是事實，而是一種假設、願望、懷疑或推測。
Ⅰ用以表示虛擬條件的虛擬語氣
⒈ 用if條件從句表示的虛擬條件，是虛擬條件最普通的方式。
① 虛擬現在時表示與現在事實相反的假設，其if 從句的謂語形式用動詞的過去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +動詞原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.
② 虛擬過去時是表示與過去事實相反的假設，if 從句的謂語形式用過去完成時即had＋過去分詞，主句用would / should / could / might + have +過去分詞，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.
③ 大多數的虛擬條件句屬於上面三種情況的一種，但並不排除存在條件和後果中，一個和現在情況相反，另一個和過去情況相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.這個句子在高中出現頻率頗高。
④ 但是，如果後果用了虛擬語氣，而條件卻用陳述語氣，這種用法是錯的。
⒉ 除了表示虛假條件外，if從句還可以表示對將來的推測，由於是將來還沒有發生的，所以談不上是真實的還是虛假的，只能說這個事情發生的可能性有多大。一般情況下，可以用陳述語氣的if從句來表示對一個未來事實的推測，這個事實是完全可能發生的。If從句的謂語形式用一般過去式或用were to / should +動詞原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +動詞原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四級第44題）
⒊ 有時可以把含有助動詞、情態動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had , should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構,這時候，如果出現not等否定詞，否定詞需放在主語後面。這種結構在口語中很少使用，但頻頻出現在各類考試中出現，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.
⒋ 大多數的虛擬條件通過上面所講的兩種方法表達，但在個別句子中也可以通過介詞without和介詞短語but for表達，副詞otherwise等表達出來。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四級第46題）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，謂語動詞必定要用虛擬形式，但包含without等短語的句子，謂語動詞未必一定要用虛擬語氣。
⒌ 有時虛擬條件不是明確地表達出來，而在蘊含在用but引導的從句里，於是便出現了有謂語動詞是虛擬語氣的主句加上謂語動詞是陳述語氣的but從句構成的並列復合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在這樣的句子里，如果主句沒有用虛擬語氣，或者從句用了虛擬語氣，都是錯的。
Ⅱ用在賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
⒈ 在表示願望的動詞wish後的賓語從句中，需用虛擬語氣。（wish後的that 常省略），根據主句時態，從句謂語時態相應退後一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him.
⒉ 在具有願望、請求、建議、命令等主觀意願的動詞(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。值得注意的是，如果賓語從句的動詞是否定的，否定詞not的位置應在動詞之前，而不是動詞之後。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表達「暗示」，insist表示「堅持某種說法」時，後面的從句不用虛擬語氣，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
除此之外，上述動詞也要求用虛擬式
① 在It is+上述動詞的過去分詞，其後所跟的主語從句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.
② 在上述動詞相應的名詞形式作主語+連系動詞，其後的表語從句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheled.
③ 在對上述動詞相應的名詞進行解釋的同位語從句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.
⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用來表達主觀願望，它們之後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反，例如：I would rather he went right now.
Ⅲ其他形式的虛擬語氣
⒈ it is +necessary等形容詞後，that主語從句中虛擬形式使用，這類形容詞包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.
⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之後的定語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式，例如It is high time that you went to school
⒊ 虛擬語氣在as if / as though 引導的方式狀語從句中的應用（謂語動詞形式與wish後的賓語從句基本相同）表示與現在事實相反或對現在情況有懷疑，謂語動詞用過去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示過去想像中的動作或情況，謂語動詞用過去完成式。
⒋ 在lest 引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should )+ 動詞原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四級第38題）
⒌ 在if only 引起的感嘆句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式或過去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.
『捌』 高中英語語法虛擬語氣，求指教…，，
1 句子意思是：同時，我發現多一點耐心，我可以使我的玩具用得更久一點。用could表示「可以，能夠」，must是「必須，一定」的意思。
2 if only的意思是「只要，但願」，後面跟的句子需要用虛擬語氣。如果是對現在的虛擬就用過去時，對過去的虛擬就用過去完成時。根據before I attended the lecture可以判斷這里是對過去的虛擬。
3 這個是條件狀語從句的虛擬語氣。如果是對一般現在的虛擬，從句if用過去時；對過去的虛擬，從句if就用過去完成時。根據逐句you would be all right now, 可以判斷是對過去的虛擬。
4 句子意思是「要不是那場雨，我們昨天就會有一個愉快的旅途。根據But for 和yesterday可以判斷是對過去的虛擬，should have done結構意思是」本應該做的沒做「。
5 這里」他打電話給我「是客觀的事實，不需要用虛擬語氣，所以去掉had。
6 It is +形容詞（例如important, necessary, surprising, essential等）後面that的從句都是用should do的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。這題也就是省略了should，所以改成win.
『玖』 高中虛擬語氣的用法（詳細）
一、 條件句中的虛擬語氣
1. 條件句中虛擬語氣的形式
從句中提出一種與客觀現實不相符或根本不可能存在的條件，主句會產生的一種不可能獲得的結果。條件句中的虛擬語氣根據不同的時間有三種不同的形式。
時間
從句謂語形式
主句謂語形式
將來
動詞過去式(be用were)
should + 動詞原形
were to + 動詞原形
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
現在
動詞過去式(be 用 were)
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
過去
had +動詞過去分詞
would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞
2. 條件句中的虛擬語氣的舉例
(1) 將來時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如：
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清華大學的話，他就會充分利用他的時間了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要來的話，他會通知我們一聲。
(2) 現在時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如：
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的話，它會幫助我們的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在這所學校學習的話，它會對你很熟悉。
(3) 過去時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如：
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看過這場電影，我會把電影內容告訴你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早點到那兒，我就會會到了李先生。
3. 運用條件句中的虛擬語氣時，須注意的幾個問題
(1) 當從句的主語為第三人稱單數時，謂語動詞若是系動詞be時，可用 was 代替 were。但在倒裝虛擬結構及 if I were you, as it were 中，只能用 were。如：
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我還年輕十歲的話，我會去國外學習。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的話，我要盡力抓住這次機會。
(2) 有時，虛擬條件句中，主、從句的動作若不是同時發生時，須區別對待。
①從句的動作與過去事實相反，而主句的動作與現在或現在正在發生的事實不符。如：
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在學校學習刻苦的話，我現在也會使工程師了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他們通知過我們的話，我們現在就不會來這里了。
②從句的動作與現在事實相反，而主句的動作與過去事實不符。如：
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的話，我們會已經派他去北京了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他認識她的話，他肯定會去問候她了。
③從句的動作與過去發生的情況相反，而主句的動作與現在正在發生的情況相反。如：
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的話，莊家會長得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的話，他現在已進了辦公室了。
(3) 當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有 were, should, had 時，if 可省略，而將 were, should, had等詞置於句首。如：
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答應去的話，我們就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在這兒的話，她會同意我們的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些電腦知識的話，我們會已經聘用他來這里工作了(from www.yygrammar.com)。
(4) 有時，句子沒有直接給出假設情況的條件，而須通過上下文或其他方式來判斷。如：
I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本該來看你了，然而我太忙了。
But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的幫助，我們還會在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是沒有你的指導，我不會取得如此大的進步。
(5) 有時，虛擬條件句中，主、從句可以省略其中的一個，來表示說話人的一種強烈的感情。
①省略從句
He would have finished it. 他本該完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你應該會通過這次考試了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我現在在家裡該多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了該多好啊。
二、其他狀語從句的虛擬語氣
1. 目的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
(1) 在 for fear that, in case, lest 引導的目的狀語從句中，若用虛擬語氣時，從句謂語為： should + 動詞原形。並且 should 不能省略
She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進入。
He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出發了以防遲到。
(2) 在 so that, in order that 所引導的目的狀語從句中，從句中的謂語為：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 動詞原形。如(from www.yygrammar.com)：
He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近說話的人以便能挺得更清楚。
He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信讀得很仔細以便不漏掉一個單詞。
2. 讓步狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
(1) 在 even if, even though 所引導的讓步狀語從句中，可用虛擬語氣，主句、從句的結構與 if 所引導的條件從句結構相同。如：
Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他親自來也不知該怎麼辦。
Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使華佗在世也救不了他。
(2) 在whatever, whichever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, no matter wh-word 等引導的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結構為：
① may +動詞原形(指現在或將來)。如：
We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen. 不管發生什麼事，我們都要按時完成。
We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 無論他在哪裡，我們都要找到他。
I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他來的多麼晚，我都會等他。
② may +完成式(指過去) ，主句結構不限。如：
You mustn』t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多麼大的進步，你也不能驕傲(from www.yygrammar.com)。
We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made. 不管他翻過什麼錯誤，我們必須尊敬他。
(3) 在though, although等引導的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結構為 should +動詞原形，主句結構不限。如：
Although / Though he should often be late, he is a good student. 盡管他經常遲到，他還是個好學生。
Although / Though he should be secretary, he must obey the rules. 盡管他是書記，他也必須遵守規定。
3. 方式狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
as if, as though 引導的方式狀語從句常用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的結構為：
表示所發生的時間
虛擬語氣結構
發生在主句動作之前
had + 過去分詞
與主句動作同時發生
過去時(be 用were )
發生在主句動作之後
would / could / might / should+原形動詞
例如：
They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他們開始熱烈的談論起來就好像他們已相互認識很久了。
He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽兩聲就好像有人要來了。
4. 原因狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset 等後面的狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：
① should + 原形動詞(指現在或將來)。如：
He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生氣，你竟然對他直呼其名。
I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question. 我很驚訝他竟答不出如此簡單的問題。
② should + 完成式, 指過去。如：
I』m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遺憾，你這次考試竟然失敗了。
I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃驚，父親竟指導我昨天所作的事情(from www.yygrammar.com)。
三、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
1．英語中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(堅決要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建議) 表示請求、要求、命令或建議等意義的動詞所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結構為：(should) + 原形動詞。如：
The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老師勸我們要好好地利用在這兒的每一分鍾。
The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 黨要求我們要全心全意地為人民服務。
但是，當insist的意思為：堅決認為，堅持說；suggest的意思為：表明，暗含，暗示等時，賓語從句一般不用虛擬語氣。如：
Tom insisted that he hadn』t stolen the watch. 湯姆堅持說他沒有偷那塊手錶。
His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam. 他的微笑表明他在考試中成功了。
2. believe, expect, suspect, think, imagine 等動詞的否定句或疑問句中的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：should + 原形動詞。如：
Can you believe that he should kill a tiger? 你能相信他竟殺死了一隻老虎？
Can you imagine that he should take the first place in the long jump contest? 你能想像得到他在跳遠比賽中竟獲得了第一名？
3. 英語中，wish 之後的賓語從句，表示一種沒有實現或根本不可能實現的願望，常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為(from www.yygrammar.com)：
表示所發生的時間
虛擬語氣結構
發生在主句動作之前
(1)had + 過去分詞；
(2)would / could / might / should + have + 過去分詞
與主句動作同時發生
過去時(be 用were )
發生在主句動作之後
would / could / might / should + 原形動詞
例如：
I wish I learnt English well. 我希望我已學好了英語。
I wish I had been there with them last week. 我希望上周跟他們一起在那兒。
He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我們能去跟他做游戲。
4. 英語中，would rather, had rather, would sooner等之後的賓語從句常表示與客觀事實不相符的一種願望，故使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：
表示所發生的時間
虛擬語氣結構
過去
had + 過去分詞；
現在
過去時(be 用were )
將來
過去時(be 用were )
例如：
I』d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看過了這場電影。
I』d rather you were here now. 我倒想你現在在這兒。
We』d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那兒。
四、主語從句中的虛擬語氣
在表達驚異、惋惜、遺憾、理應如此等意義的主語從句中常使用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語其的結構為： should + 動詞原形，主句中的謂語動詞形式不限。
句型：
(1) It is admirable / dreadful / extraordinary / odd / remarkable / sad / advisable / annoying / disappointing / surprising / upsetting / frightening / better / best / curious / desirable / important / strange / peculiar / proper / necessary / natural …that…
(2) It is a pity / a shame / no wonder…. that…
(3) It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /…. that …
(4) It worries me that…
如：
It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我們先把功課學好很重要。
It is strange that he should not come. 很奇怪，他竟沒有來。
It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遺憾我們昨天晚上沒有見過面。
It worries me that we should be blamed for that. 我們竟要受責備真讓人煩惱。
五、表語從句及同位語從句中虛擬語氣
英語中，表示請求、要求、命令、建議等名詞advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充當句子的主語而後面接表語從句或它們後面接同位語時，表語從表面上看幾屗及同位語從句都須用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：(should) + 動詞原形。如：
We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help. 我們接受了他的建議：我們應該請求老師的幫助(from www.yygrammar.com)。
He told us his idea that he should go to university. 他告訴了我們他的想法：他想上大學。
His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully. 他的建議就是我們的工作要更細心些。
Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他們的計劃就是在家鄉建一座新工廠。
六、定語從句中的虛擬語氣
英語中，表示：「早該做某事了」時，定語從句中的謂語動詞須用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結構為：It is (high / about) time that + 主語+ 動詞的過去式/ should + 動詞原形。如：
It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我該去學校接我的女兒了。
It is high time you should go to work. 你早該上班了。
七、簡單句中的虛擬語氣
1. 說話時，為了表示客氣、謙虛、委婉而有禮貌，言語常使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構形式常為：would / could / might / should + 原形動詞。如：
Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把門關起來你介意嗎？
You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把這個教訓牢記於心。
I should agree with you. 我應該同意你的觀點。
2. 表示「祝願」時，常用「may + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 其他」。如：
May you have a good journey! 祝你一路順風。
May your youth last for ever! 祝你青春永駐。
3. 表示強烈的「願望」、「祝願」時，常用動詞原形。如：
Long live the Communist Party of China. 中|國|共|產|黨|萬|歲。
God bless us. 上帝保佑。
4. 習慣表達中常用的虛擬語氣。
(1) 提出請求或邀請。如：
Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上來跟我們聊天好嗎？
Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的單車嗎？
(2) 陳述自己的觀點或看法。如：
I should glad to meet you. 見到你我會很高興。
I would try my best to help you. 我會盡力幫助你。
(3) 提出勸告或建議。如：
You』d better ask your father first. 你最好先問一問你的父親。
You should make a full investigation of it first. 你應該先全面調查一番。
(4) 提出問題。如：
Do you think he could get here on time? 你認為他能按時來嗎？
Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他會告訴我們真相嗎？
(5) 表示對過去情況的責備時，常用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結構為：「情態動詞 + have + 過去分詞」。如：
You should have got here earlier. 你應該早就到這里了。
You should have returned it to him. 你應該把他還給他了。