英語虛擬語氣的語法講解

『壹』 英語中的虛擬語氣語法

虛擬語氣

一、考點聚焦
1、虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中
（1）表示與現在事實相反的假設，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用「過去式（be動詞的過去式用were）」，而主句中的謂語動詞用「would / should/ could / might + 動詞原形」。如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
（2）表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句中的謂語動詞則用「would / should / might / could + have +過去分詞」。如：
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
（3）表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形，而主句中的謂語動詞則用would / should/
could might + 動詞原形。如；
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
（4）當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作相應調整。如：
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(從句說的是過去，主句指的是現在)
以下表格是虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中時，主句和從句謂語動詞的形式：
條件狀語從句 主 句
與過去事實相反 had + 過去分詞 should /would/could/might + have + 過去分詞
與現在事實相反 一般過去時(be用were) would/should/could/might + 動詞原形
與將來事實相反 一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形 Would/should/cold/might + 動詞原形
有時侯在使用時可省略if,句子則可換成下列形式，即「were / had / should +主語」。如：
Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
2、虛擬語氣用於名詞性從句
（1）虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。
①「wish + 賓語從句」表示不能實現的願望，譯為「要是……就好了」等。表示現在不能實現的願望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現的願望，從句中的謂語動詞用「would/could + 動詞原形」；表示過去不能實現的願望，從句中的謂語動詞用「had + 過去分詞」或「could(should) + have + 過去分詞」。如：
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等後的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用should + 動詞原形或是動詞原形。如：
She suggested we (should)leave here at once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
（2）虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。
作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用「（should） + 動詞原形」。如：
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
（3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。
在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用「should + 動詞原形」的結構，表示驚奇、不相信、理應如此等。如：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：
It is pity that you can』t swim.
3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用
（1）虛擬語氣在as if/as though、even if/even though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發生在過去，用過去完成時；指現在狀況，則用一般過去時；指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如：
He did it as if he were an expert.
Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
（2）虛擬語氣用於定語從句中。
這種從句常用於句型「It is (high)time (that) … 」中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should + 動詞原形，意思是「(現在)該……」。如：
It』s time that I picked up my daughter.
It』s high time we were going.
（3）虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中。如：
If only I were a bird.
If only I had taken his advice.
（4）虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。
①情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現在日常會話中。如：
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to close the door?
②用於一些習慣表達法中。如：
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.

『貳』 英語語法中的虛擬語氣，教教我該怎麼掌握

一、虛擬語氣的使用范圍：
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人所說的話並不是事實，而是一種假設、願望、懷疑或推測。該語法主要用於if 條件狀語從句中，也可用於主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句等。
二、虛擬語氣的判斷：
1. if 條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷。if 條件狀語從句有真實條件句和非真實條件句。假設條件可以實現的句子為真實條件句，反之為非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。其形式分為以下三種：
(1) 與過去事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用「had + 過去分詞」，主句用「should (would, could, might) + have + 過去分詞」。例如：
If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天沒有下大雨，我們就能玩網球了。
(2) 與現在事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用過去式，系動詞用were，主句的謂語用「should (would, could, might) + 動詞原形」。例如：
If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你，我就娶她為妻。
(3) 與將來事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用「should (were to) + 動詞原形」，主句用「should
(would, could, might) + 動詞原形」。 例如：
If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你錯過了這次機會，你會難過的。
2. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。
(1) wish後接賓語從句中的虛擬語氣：根據從句的意義來判斷。
A: 表示與現在和將來事實相反的願望，從句謂語動詞用過去時態。例如：
I wish they were not so late. 要是他們來得不是這么晚就好了。
B: 表示與過去事實相反的願望，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時態。例如：
I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。
(2) 表示「要求、建議、命令」等動詞後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。用於此結構的動詞有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。從句的謂語動詞用「should + 動詞原形」，其中should 可以省去。例如：
I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我堅持讓他和我們一起去。
注意：當insist 表示「堅持認為」、suggest表示「表明，顯示」時，不用虛擬語氣。例如：
He insisted that she was honest. 他堅持認為她是誠實的。
3. 主語從句中的虛擬語氣。
(1) It be + 形容詞 + that... (should)...。用於該句型的形容詞有：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising等。例如：
It's natural that he should feel hurt. 他感到疼是很正常的。
(2) It be + 過去分詞 ＋ that... (should)...。用於該結構中的過去分詞是表示「建議、請求、命令」等詞的過去分詞。如： desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。例如：
It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month. 真希望這所房子在下個月前就能竣工。
(3) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (過去時或should + 動詞原形)...。例如：
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home. 我該回家了。
(4) 表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣。在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具體內容解釋的名詞後要使用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞為：should + 動詞原形，連接從句的that不能省略。例如：
My suggestion is that we should go there at once. 我的建議是我們應該馬上去那兒。
4． 省略形式。有時可以把含有助動詞、情態動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had, should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構。這時，如果出現not等否定詞時需放在主語後面。例如：
If she had been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. → Had she been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. 如果她早到五分鍾，她就會看見她的老朋友了。

『叄』 英語語法，虛擬語氣的幾個問題

見拍圖。

只要是真實條件句與非真實條件句的區別。

『肆』 英語語法：虛擬語氣

這個sent跟虛擬語氣沒有什麼關系
get that form sent off

這個sent是根據get來的
get something done
done就是指過去分詞 表示把是事情做了

『伍』 虛擬語氣語法總結

英語中虛擬語氣是說話的人表示假設或者難以實現的表達，可以用wish.hope.if引導，如:If there were no air, people would die.

『陸』 有沒有英語語法好的人講講虛擬語氣啊

虛擬語氣就是謂語動詞的一種特殊變化，通過把謂語動詞改變時態來表示虛擬專。
虛擬主要分屬兩種情況：1.與真實情況進行比較，發現這個事情不是真的。2.與假設的情況進行比較，發現即使假設，這個事情也不太可能成真。（個人感覺這與「後悔葯」有異曲同工之意，每當自己做事錯了或沒做好，大都會想如果那時我不。。。就不會。。。）

『柒』 英語語法 虛擬語氣

問你花媽去～～

『捌』 英語語法中的虛擬語法三種用法是什麼

時間
從句謂源語形式
主句謂語形式

將來
動詞過去式(be用were)
should + 動詞原形
were to + 動詞原形

would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
現在
動詞過去式(be 用 were)
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
過去
had +動詞過去分詞
would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞

『玖』 講一講英語中的虛擬語氣（用法詳細一點）

樓主，你好
1). 主語從句,同位語從句中虛擬語氣的用法.

2). 賓語從句中虛擬語氣的用法,尤其是wish 虛擬語氣結構的用法.

3). If條件句中虛擬語氣的用法,應特別注意省略if的倒裝結構是考試的重點.

4). would rather 等結構中虛擬語氣的用法.

5). if only結構中虛擬語氣的用法.

6). But, or, otherwise 等含蓄條件句的用法.

7). It』s time (that) 等結構中虛擬語氣的用法.

1. 虛擬語氣在虛擬條件句中的運用

(1)虛擬語氣現在時. 用以表示與現在事實相反的假設或現在實現可能性不大的情況.

條件從句
主句

動詞過去式(be多用were)
Would/should/could/might + 動詞原形

Eg. If I were a bird, I would fly to you.

If it were not for their help, we should be in a very difficult position.

(2) 虛擬語氣過去式. 表示與過去事實完全相反的假設.

條件從句
主句

had + 過去分詞
would/should/could/might + have +過去分詞

Eg. If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train.

If she hadn』t been ill, she might have come.

(3)虛擬語氣將來式. 表與將來情形相反的假設或極少有可能實現的情況.

條件從句
主句

動詞過去式或should +動詞原形或were to +動詞原形
would/should/could/might +動詞原形

Eg. If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some questions.

If there should be no air, there would be no living things.

◆ 書面語中,上述(1),(2),(3)三種時態的虛擬句中,如果從句里含有should, had, were或其他助動詞,則可將從屬連詞if省去,將助動詞.情態動詞.be或have放在句首形成部分倒裝.

Eg. Were he in your position, he』d have done the same.

Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.

Should he come tomorrow, I should give him the dictionary.

(1) 錯綜時間虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實條件句中主句和從句的謂語動詞所指時間是一致的, 但有時也可能指不同的時間,這時要根據上下文的意思採用不同的謂語動詞形式. P 116, 2

Eg. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (從句指現在, 主句指過去)

If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (從句指過去,主句指現在).

(2) 含蓄條件句

有時假設的情況並不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通過介詞短語來表示.

Eg. But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully.

The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.

I was so busy then, Otherwise, I would have told him the answer.

(3) 虛擬語氣在某些從句中的應用.

A) 在wish, suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, recommend, require, decide, insist, desire, urge等動詞的賓語從句以及would rather /sooner 後要用 「 (should) +動詞原形」 來表示願望,建議, 命令,要求等; 由上述動詞派生或轉化的名詞suggestion, proposal, plan, motion, recommendation, demand, order, desire, request, requirement, insistence, advice, decision , obligatory 義不容辭的, 必須的 等的同位語從句或表語從句中也要用相應的虛擬形式.

Eg.

B) 在It is/was + 某些形容詞 + that 從句的句型中,that從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣,即 「should + 動詞原形」

這些形容詞有:

important, necessary, essential, imperative, natural, strange, advisable, desirable, possible, probable, astonishing, surprising, desired, suggested, requested, recommended, ordered, proposed, decided, moved等.

「 should + 動詞原形(或完成形式)」 可表示驚奇,遺憾,懷疑,不滿等.

ⅰ. 用於expect, believe, think, suspect 等動詞的否定或疑問形式後的賓語從句中.

Eg. I never expected that the new apartment should be so small.

ⅱ. 用於 「It is a pity, it is a shame, it is no wonder 等 + that」 等結構後的主語從句中.

Eg. It is a pity that he should be so careless.

C) 在由for fear that, in case, lest 等引導的狀語從句中,用 「 should + 動詞原形」 表示 「惟恐」的意思.

Eg. He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged.

D) 在 「 It is (about/ high ) time + that (從句)」 中,謂語動詞常用過去式表表示虛擬語氣.

Eg. It is high time that people learnt English.

E) 在 「as if/ as though」 引導的狀語從句中,謂語動詞與wish的賓語從句的虛擬形式相同.

Eg. He works with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue.

He speaks English as though he were an American.

F) 在 look, seem等動詞後的 「as if / as though」從句中,當表示真實情況時,用陳述語氣; 否則,用虛擬語氣.

Eg. It seems as if they know each other. (真實情況)

It seems as though it were already spring. (虛擬語氣)

G) 用在if only 引起的感嘆句中.

Eg. If only the driver didn』t drive so fast!

望採納！