① 人教版八年級下英語unit4重點
直接引語在轉換成間接引語時，要注意人稱的變化、句子結構的變化、主從句時態的一致、語序的變化、指示代詞的變化、時間狀語的變化、地點狀語的變化以及部分動詞的變化等事項。
1、人稱的變化
直接引語在轉換成間接引語時，人稱的變化規則是：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變。
1) 一隨主：即直接引語中的代詞是第一人稱時，在間接引語中必須和主句的主語相一致。例如：
Tom says, 「I』m from America.」 湯姆說：「我來自美國。」
→Tom says (that) he is from America. 湯姆說他來自美國。（I變成了和主語Tom相一致的he）
2) 二隨賓：即直接引語中的代詞是第二人稱時，在間接引語中必須和主句的賓語相一致。例如：
She asked me, 「Where do you live?」 她問我：「你住在哪裡？」
→She asked me where I live. 她問我我住在哪裡。(you變成了和賓語me相一致的I)
3）三不變：即直接引語中的代詞是第三人稱時，在間接引語中保持不變。例如：
Kate said,」 They like reading.」 凱特說：「他們喜歡閱讀。」
→Kate said (that) they liked reading. 凱特說他們喜歡閱讀。（they保持不變）
【注意】人稱的變化包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞等。
2、句子結構的變化
1）直接引語是陳述句時，用連詞that引導，that通常可以省略，尤其是在口語中。例如：
He said, 「I have been to Beijing.」
→He said (that) he had been to Beijing.
【注意】如果間接引語是由that引導的兩個或兩個以上的並列賓語從句，第一個連詞that可以省略，以後的連詞that一般不省略，以免造成句子結構上的混亂。例如：
Doctor Li said, 「You are nothing wrong. You』ll be better soon.」
→Doctor Li said（that）I was nothing wrong and that I would be better soon.
2）直接引語為疑問句時，要注意將注意原主句中的謂語動詞say改為ask （sb.）、wonder或want to know等，且間接引語中必須使用陳述句的語序（即賓語從句中的主語之前不能任何動詞）。至於說連詞的確定，情況如下：
a) 直接引語為一般疑問句、反意疑問句或選擇疑問句時，間接引語中用連詞if或whether引導。例如：
He said, 「Do you have any music CDs?」
→He asked（me）whether/if I had any music CDs.
→He wondered whether/if I had any music CDs.
→He wanted to know whether/if I had any music CDs.
I asked, 「Will you take a bus or a train?」
→I asked him whether he would take a bus or a train.
→I wondered whether he would take a bus or a train.
→I wanted to know whether he would take a bus or a train.
b）直接引語為特殊疑問句時，就由原來的疑問詞來充當間接引語的連詞，注意原特殊疑問詞的被修飾語必須緊隨其後，不可分開。如：
He asked, 「How many bowl of rice did you have, Lucy?」
→He asked Lucy how many bowl of rice she had had.
c) 直接引語形式上是疑問句，但表示請求，建議意義時，可ask sb. to do sth.，suggest doing，advise sb. to do sth. 等形式來轉述。如：
「Could you open the door, please?」 he asked.
→He asked me to open the door.
「Why not going out for a walk?」 he asked us.
→He advised us to go out for a walk.
→He suggested going out for a walk.
3）直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語時，一般用帶to的不定式表達，原主句中的謂語動詞通常要改為ask, advise, beg, tell, order, offer, request, suggest, warn等。如ask sb. to do（由肯定祈使句變成），ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句轉變），並且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點狀語、人稱及時態都作相應的變化。如：
He said，「Jane，be careful, please.」
→He asked Jane to be careful.
「Don』t be late for class again.」 He said the boy.
→He told the boy not to be late for class again.
He said, 「Let's have a walk.」
→He suggested our having a rest.
He said, 「Let me help you.」
→He offered to help me.
4）直接引語是感嘆句時，轉間接引語可用what或how引導，也可用that引導，如：
The policeman said, 「How clever you are!」
→The policeman said how clever I was.
→The policeman said I was very clever.
3、主從句時態的一致
1) 如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時，直接引語變為間接引語時，從句的動詞時態保持不變。例如：
He says, 「China is very great.」 →He says (that) China is very great.
Mum says, 「I』ll be back in a minute.」 →Mum says she』ll be back in a minute.
2) 如果主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變為間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞通常要改成相應的過去時態。具體情況見下表：
直接引語 間接引語
一般現在時 一般過去時
一般過去時 一般過去時/過去完成時
現在進行時 過去進行時
一般將來時 過去將來時
現在完成時 過去完成時
過去完成時 過去完成時
過去進行時 過去進行時
過去將來時 過去將來時
3）直接引語陳述的如果是客觀事實、真理、名言、警句、諺語等，在變為間接引語時，時態保持不變。
Our teacher said, 「The earth goes around the sun.」
→Our teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
4、指示代詞，時間狀語，地點狀語和動詞等的變化
直接引語中的一些指示代詞，時間狀語，地點狀語和部分動詞須作如下相應的變化：
直接引語 間接引語
指示代詞 this這 that那
these這些 those那些
時
間
狀
語 now現在 then那時
today 今天 that day 那天
tonight 今晚 that night那天晚上
this week 這星期 that week那個星期
yesterday 昨天 the day before前一天
last week 上星期 the week before前一個星期
ago以前 before 以前
tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天
next week 下星期 the next week 第二個星期
地點狀語 here 這里 there 那裡
動 詞
come來 go 去
Bring帶走，拿走 take 帶來，拿來
【注意】直接引語中的時間狀語根據實際情況轉述為間接引語時，有時不需要改變。
如tomorrow，轉述的動作發生在說話的當天，就不用改變；但如果轉述的動作不發生在說話的當天，則要將tomorrow變為the next day.
又如here，轉述地點就是說話時的地點時，不須變化。
5、標點符號
整個復合句的標點符號必須與主句一致，即主句是陳述句時用句號，主句是問句時用問號。
② 八年級下冊英語（人教版）語法
1 一般抄將來時態2 過去將來時襲態3過去進行時態 4賓語從句5if 引導的條件狀語從句6現在完成進行時態7 介意（某人）做某事8 詢問別人為什麼要做或者不做某事9 現在完成時態10反意疑問句
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③ 人教版英語八年級下冊第四單元
Last night on "Young Lives",it was an exciting night. There was a surprising party. Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to Marcia's house on Friday night. Marcia was still very glad. Then they went to the park outside Marcia's house. Marcia and Lana were surprised to see their classmates. They smiled. Then every student took out their gifts. They laughed,ate and drank.How happy they are！
Last night on"Young Lives",Marcia was mad at Lana.The next day, Ben told Lana that Marcia was mad at her.So,Lana went to Marcia's house and said sorry to her.Then,Marcia got over Lana.And she would have the party again on Friday.Ben called everyone again,and told them that Marcia got over Lana,Marcia would have a party again on Friday.
④ 人教版八年級下冊的英語語法
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⑤ 人教版八年級下冊英語第四單元的Grammar Focus翻譯
直接引語自 間接引語
我對瑪西亞生氣 她說她對瑪西亞生氣
我將為拉娜舉行一個宴會 她說她將為拉娜舉行一個宴會
我每個星期六去沙灘 他說他每個星期六去沙灘
我明天將打電話給你 他告訴我他明天/（過去的）下一天將打電話給我
我能將三種語言 她說她能講三種語言
⑥ 人教版八年級下冊英語語法
a pair of一雙，一對
ask for 請求
ask sb (not) to do sth叫某人干
agree with贊同
all year round一年到頭，全年
all kinds of各種，各樣
all the time一直
argue with與爭吵
around the world在世界各地
arrive in/at到達
at least至少
at a meeting在開會
at first首先
as…as possible盡可能
as…as象一樣
be able to能夠
be angry with 生氣
be mad at對感到氣憤
be good at擅長於
be careful小心
be allowed被允許
be surprised驚訝
be supposed to被期望/被要求
be interested in對感興趣
break the rule打破規則
by the way順便
complain about抱怨
come along出現，發生
come true實現，達到
come in進來
cut in line插隊
call sb. up打電話給
do/wash the dishes洗碗
drop litter亂扔垃圾
do well in在方面做得好
enjoy /finish doing sth喜歡/完成某事
end up結束
fall in love with愛上
fall asleep入睡
far from遠離
first of all首先
fly to飛向
find out找到
…find it adj. to do sth
keep…down壓低聲音
keep out不讓進入
look for尋找
look smart 看起來精幹
look after照顧
look through瀏覽
let (sb) in讓進
let sbget along相處
get over克服
get annoyed生氣
get bored厭煩
get an ecation受教育
get on (well) with與相處（好）
get injured受傷
give sb sth/give sth to sb給某人某物
give away贈送
go skating去溜冰
go out of從出去/來
have a fight with與打架/爭吵
have a surprise party舉行驚訝聚會
have a great/good time玩得愉快
have been to曾到過
hear about/of聽說
hundreds of好幾百
had better (not) do sth最好做
in a minute一會兒
in 100 years100年後
in good health身體健康
in front of 在前面
in the future 未來，將來
in the front of在前面
in the playground在操場
in/out of style時髦/過時
in silence默默地
in order to目的
in (Russian) style具有俄國風格
in public places在公共場合
It take sb some time to do sth.花費某人時間干某事
the same as與相同
try (not) to do sth盡力（不）干
three quarters四分之三
turn on/off打開/關掉
turn up/down開大/關小
talk to/with與談話
take care of照顧
take part in參加
take off起飛take away拿走
take place發生
take an interest in對感興趣
take care (not) to do小心（不）做
thanks for (doing)謝謝（做）
wait in line排隊等候
want to do sth/would like to do sth 想干
make sb do sth使某人干
make a living (doing sth)謀生
make money賺錢
make friends with與交友
more than多於
need to do sth 需要干
not…anymore不再
not…until直到為止
not at all一點也不
on (my tenth) birthday在（我十歲）生日
on the phone在通話
on the one/other hand在一（另）方面
open up打開
put out熄滅
pick…up撿起
pass (sth) on (to sb)傳遞
pay for 付款
part-time job兼職工作
run out of用盡
run away逃跑
rather than勝於
right away立刻，馬上
spend…on/(in) doing sth花費
seem to do sth好象干
sleep late睡懶覺
see sb do/doing sth看某人做/在做
start/begin to do/doing sth 開始干某事
adj.(special) enough夠（特別
There will be fewer/less…
--What should I do?
--You should do…
--what were you doing when…?
--I was (doing)…when…
While he was (doing)…,a girl called the police.
If you wear jeans to the party, the teachers won』t let you in.
--How long have you been skating?
--I』ve been skating since nine o』clock/for five hours.
Would you mind (not) doing sth?
Could you please (not) do sth?
Why don』t you /not (do sth)?
How/What about sth/doingsth?
do sth 讓某人干
⑦ 八年級人教版下冊英語的語法
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