❶ 英語關於名詞語法
Hi!這里是我對你問題的回答:
你的第一個問題: women是woman的復數形式。這屬於復合名詞, 兩個組成部分均為表示人的主體詞, 所以在變復數時, 兩部分都要由單數變成復數。記住:以man或woman為前綴的名詞變復數時,前後兩個名詞都變成復數。
你的第二個問題:Boy在作名詞時,譯作男孩。這里要涉及一些復合名詞的知識。記住:以兩個名詞構成的復合名詞(前面的名詞為man或woman除外),一般把後面的名詞變復數
來自網路知道。
參考資料:http://ke..com/link?url=-mVWKu8V-IAtrEun4uK#4
拓展:復合名詞,英語為compound nouns,是指兩個名詞直接連在一起構成的復合詞,用法簡潔,可以被看作一種固定形式。有些中間帶連字元,有些沒有。
❷ 介紹一些簡單的英語語法知識.
一、英語語句基本結構分析:
主謂賓結構:
主語:可以作主語的成分有名詞(如boy),主格代詞(如you),動詞不定式,動名詞等。主語一般在句首。注意名詞單數形式常和冠詞不分家!
謂語:謂語由動詞構成,是英語時態、語態變化的主角,一般在主語之後。不及物動詞(vi.)沒有賓語,形成主謂結構,如:We come.
賓語:賓語位於及物動詞之後,一般同主語構成一樣,不同的是構成賓語的代詞必須是『代詞賓格』,如:me,him,them等
例:The boy needs a pen.主語the boy,謂語needs(need的第三人稱單數形式),賓語a pen.
主系表結構:
主語:同『主謂賓』結構。
聯系動詞(Link verb):be動詞(am,is,are,was,were,have been);其他聯系動詞如:become成為,turn變成,go變。其特點是聯系動詞與其後的表語沒有動賓關系,表語多為形容詞或副詞,既,不可能是賓語。
表語:說明主語的狀態、性質、等。可為形容詞、副詞、名詞、代詞、不定式、分詞。當聯系動詞不是be,而其後是名詞和代詞時,多表達『轉變為』之意,注意與動賓關系的區別。
感官動詞多可用作聯系動詞:look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來不錯,feel good/感覺好,smell bad/難聞
例:Tom is a boy.(Tom是個男孩)/主語為Tom,系詞為be動詞的第三人稱單數is,表語為a boy
There be 結構:
There be 表示『存在有』。這里的there沒有實際意義,不可與副詞『there那裡』混淆。
此結構後跟名詞,表示『(存在)有某事物』
試比較:There is a boy there.(那兒有一個男孩。)/前一個there無實意,後一個there為副詞『那裡』。
二、定語:定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子,漢語中常用『……的』表示。
定語通常位於被修飾的成分前。若修飾some,any,every,no構成的復合不定代詞時,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分詞短語作定語、從句作定語時,則定語通常置後。副詞用作定語時須放在名詞之後。
形容詞作定語:
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修飾名詞boy;blue修飾名詞pen.)/小男孩需要一支蘭色的鋼筆。
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是個英俊的男孩。
There is a good boy./有個乖男孩。
數詞作定語相當於形容詞:
Two boys need two pens./兩個男孩需要兩支鋼筆。
The two boys are students./這兩個男孩是學生。
There are two boys in the room./房間里有兩個男孩。
代詞或名詞所有格作定語:
His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的鋼筆。
His name is Tom./他的名字是湯姆。
There are two boys of Toms there./那兒有Tom家的兩個男孩。
介詞短語作定語:
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支鋼筆。
The boy in blue is Tom./穿蘭色衣服的孩子是湯姆。
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有兩個9歲的,三個10歲的男孩。
名詞作定語:
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圓珠筆。
It is a ball pen./這是一支圓珠筆。
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./這鉛筆盒裡只有一支圓珠筆。
副詞作定語:
The boy there needs a pen./那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。
The best boy here is Tom./這里最棒的男孩是Tom。
不定式作定語:
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./寫這封信的男孩需要一支鋼筆。
The boy to write this letter is Tom./將要寫這封信的男孩是湯姆。
There is nothing to do today./今天無事要做。
分詞(短語)作定語:
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那個微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆。
The pen bought by her is made in China./她買的筆是中國產的。
There are five boys left./有五個留下的男孩。
定語從句:
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那個在閱讀的男孩需要你昨天買的鋼筆。
The boy you will know is Tom./你將認識的男孩叫湯姆。
There are five boys who will play the game./參加游戲的男孩有五個。
協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞(Main Verb)。
助動詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨使用,例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
(doesn't是助動詞,無詞義;like是主要動詞,有詞義)
2) 助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用,可以用來:
a. 表示時態,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。
b. 表示語態,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here? 你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助動詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
❸ 英語語法知識(詞性)
英語單詞詞性
n. 名詞 v. 動詞 pron. 代詞
adj. 形容詞 adv. 副詞 num.數詞
art. 冠詞 prep. 介詞 conj. 連詞
interj. 感嘆詞
英語詞性縮寫
prep = 介系詞;前置詞,preposition的縮寫
pron = 代名詞,pronoun的縮寫
n = 名詞,noun的縮寫
v = 動詞,兼指及物動詞和不及物動詞,verb的縮寫
conj = 連接詞 ,conjunction的縮寫
s = 主詞
sc = 主詞補語
o = 受詞
oc = 受詞補語
vi = 不及物動詞,intransitive verb的縮寫
vt = 及物動詞,transitive verb的縮寫
aux.v = 助動詞 ,auxiliary的縮寫
adj = 形容詞,adjective的縮寫
adv = 副詞,adverb的縮寫
art = 冠詞,article的縮寫
num = 數詞,numeral的縮寫
int = 感嘆詞,interjection的縮寫
u = 不可數名詞,uncountable noun的縮寫
c = 可數名詞,countable noun的縮寫
pl = 復數,plural的縮寫
語氣詞 int.
縮寫詞 abbr.
❹ 英語動詞變名詞的完整語法知識
1. 在名詞後面加-y可以變成形容詞(尤其是一些與天氣有關的名詞)。例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意:1)如果名詞以重讀閉音節結尾,且詞尾只有一個輔音字母,這時應雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。
2)少數以不發音的e結尾的名詞變為形容詞時,應去掉e再加-y。例如:noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。
2. 一些抽象名詞在詞尾加-ful可以變為形容詞。例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful等。
3. 一些表示國家的名詞可以在詞尾加-ese, -ish或-n構成表示國籍、語言的形容詞。例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)。
4.在名詞後加-ous變為形容詞。例如:danger—dangerous等。
5. 在名詞後加-ly變為形容詞。例如:friend—friendly, love—lovely等。
6.在名詞後加-less構成含有否定意義的形容詞。例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(無用的),hope—hopeless(沒希望的),home—homeless(無家可歸的)等。
7. 一些以-ence結尾的名詞,把ence改為ent變成形容詞。例如:difference—different, silence—silent等。
這是一些詞的規律。。。。其他的有些特殊的就要靠記了。。
❺ 英語名詞性從句的語法知識
你這個問題太寬泛。只能選擇部分回答。
有時因意思表達的需要,要用一個從句在句子中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語,稱為名詞性從句(包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句)。名詞性從句作為一個整體,本身在整個句子中起一個名詞的作用;同時既是從句,就從句內來說,也有主、謂成份。當然,從句要有引導詞。
引導詞的基本含義及用法
對於引導詞要注意兩點:a. 本身所含的意思,b. 其在從句中所充當的句子成分。據此,可以分成幾類(這是我自己的辦法,要比別的辦法管用)
①that
②whether/if, because, as if/though
③when, how, where, why, whenever, wherever, however
④what, which, who, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
⑤what, whatever, which, whichever, whose
1.That 既無意義,也不在句子中擔任成分。
可以說只是一個「標志」,標明所跟的是一個從句而已。
That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.
2.Whether/if, because, as if 本身有意義,但在從句中不擔任成分。
Whether/if --「是否」;because—「因為」;as if—「似乎」
She hesitated whether she should take our advice.
All this was over twenty years ago, but it』s as if it was only yesterday.
It is because you don』t have confidence.
3.When, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 本身有意義,且在從句中擔任狀語。
When--「。。。的時間」或「何時」;whenever—「無論何時」,作時間狀語
Where—「。。。的地點」或「何地」;wherever—「無論何地」,作地點狀語。
Why--「。。。的原因」或「為什麼」,作原因狀語。
How--「。。。的方式」或「怎樣」;however—「無論怎樣」,作方式狀語。
When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
This is where our basic interest lies.
I don』t know why he is absent.
How the prisoner escaped was a complete mystery.
4.What, which, who, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever本身有意義,且在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。
What—「。。。的(東西、事情。。。)」或「什麼」,whatever—「無論什麼」,在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。
Which—「哪一個/些」,whichever—「無論哪一個/些」,在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。
Who—「誰」,whoever—「無論誰」,在從句中作主語、表語,有時也可代whom,whomever作賓語。
Whom—「誰」,whomever「無論誰」(罕用),在從句中作賓語。
She is sorry for what she said. (她所說的話)(what無疑問含義)
I don』t know what will happen next. (將發生什麼事)(what有疑問含義)
I don't know which of us was the more scared. (我們中的哪一個更害怕)
They never found out who the murderer was. (謀殺者是誰)
He asked whom I'd told about his having been away. (關於他外出我告訴了誰)
He's good at whatever he is does. (他做無論什麼事)
5.What, whatever, which, whichever, whose本身有意義,且在從句中作定語
What—「什麼(樣的)」,whatever— 「無論什麼(樣的)。作定語。
Which—「哪個/些」,whichever—「無論哪個/些」。作定語。
Whose—「誰的」,在從句中作定語。
I wanted to know which school it was you went to. (那個學校)
I didn't know what college I wanted to go to. (什麼大學)
I can't remember whose idea it was for us to meet again. (誰的主意)
Whatever doubts he might have had about Ingrid were all over now. (無論什麼懷疑)
Learn to relax by whichever method suits you best. (無論什麼方法)
❻ 英語方面的語法知識~
跟老師請教一下,整理一下筆記,這個主要靠平時積累和練習。而且考的多為書本上的要點。
名 詞
在中考單項選擇試題中,除了時態,名詞的考查頻率也較高。一般考查以下幾點:
一、 可數名詞與不可數名詞
在可數名詞與不可數名詞上一般出現這樣幾類,(1)分辨是哪一類名詞,並根據結論做選擇。(2)可數名詞復數的不規則變化。(3)不可數名詞的量化表達。所以,考生首先要能夠明確哪些是可數名詞,哪些是不可數名詞。其次,還要知道可數名詞的復數的變化規則。可數名詞的變化規則一般是在單詞後面加-s 或-es,如:
1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos
hat---hats bag---bags photo---photos
2bus---buses box---boxes
watch---watches brush---brushes
3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes
hero---heroes Negro---Negroes
4 leaf---leaves knife---knives
5baby---babies family---families
另外,還要記住一些特殊的名詞的變化形式,如:
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans
child---children foot---feet
man---men woman---women
tooth---teeth goose --- geese
deer---deer sheep---sheep
還要掌握不可數名詞的量化表達有: a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of
另外,大家應注意:單數集合名詞作主語時謂語動詞「數的」變化:單數集合名詞如class, police, family, school, group, team等。盡管形式上是單數,意義上都是復數,因此,一般要與復數謂語動詞連用,例如:
Class Five have a foreign friend.
五班有一位外國朋友。(這里的五班指五班的同學的。)
His family are good to me. 他的家人對我很好。(很顯然,這里的family指家庭成員。)當上述集合名詞著重指「整體」時, 意義上則是單數,因此,要與單數謂語動詞連用。例如,
Our school team often plays well in our city.
我們的校隊經常在我們市踢得很好。(這里的team 指整個隊,但意義上仍為單數,故謂語動詞用plays.
二、 名詞所有格
名詞所有格有兩種形式:一是加』s,一種是用of來表示。一般情況下,指某人的某物用』s表示,而指某物的什麼用of 短語來表示。另外,要注意凡是以s結尾的名詞或規則名詞的復數,不能直接加』s,而應該加-』即可。例如,boys』 clothes girls』 dresses。 不過,注意例外情況,例如, the boss』s handwriting,其中the boss』s 的-』s不可省略。因為在英語中,如果以-s 或-ss 結尾的名詞不是復數復數形式,那麼其名詞所有格仍加-『s。那麼你會說「瓊斯的小汽車」嗎?對,Jones』s car。
下面我們來做一部分習題。
1. June 1st is ___ Day.
A. Child』s B. Childs』 C. Childrens』 D. Children』s
答案:D
2. I need ___ paper, Mum. I want to write ___ letter to my English teacher.
A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any
答案:B
3. There are two ___ and three ___ on the table.
A. knifes, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks
答案:D
4. We have got a lot of___ today.
A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do
D. book to read
答案:B
5. We could see __ children and hear ___ noise in the park.
A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many
答案:C
6. Will you pass me ___?
A. a few pieces of chalk B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks
D. some chalks
答案:A
7. ___ has been invited to the dancing party.
A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. Friends of hers
D. Friends of her
答案:B
下面請大家自己練習一下。
1. September 10th is ___ Day.
A. the Teacher B. Teachers』 C. Teacher D. Teacher』s
答案:B
2. ---Can I help you, sir?
---I』d like to have 100___. I want the students to draw pictures on them.
A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper
答案:B
3. ---Would you like ___ milk, please?
---No, thank you. I still have some.
A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all
答案:A
4. ___ the old woman is in!
A. What good health B. How a good health C. What a good health D. How good health
答案:A
① What + a(n) + 形容詞 + 單數名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
② What + 形容詞 + 復數名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
③ What + 形容詞 + 不可數名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
④ How + 形容詞/副詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
⑤ How + 形容詞 + a(n) + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
⑥ How + 主語 + 謂語!
5. I』m going to help ___ with ___ English.
A. a friend of Nancy, hers B. a friend of Nancy』s, her
C. a friend of Nancy』s, hers D. a friend of Nancy, her
答案:B
6. The two desks here are ___. You may use the desk over there.
A. Mary and Jane B. Marys and Janes C. Mary and Jane』s
D. Mary』s and Jane』s
答案:D
形容詞和副詞
在中考單項選擇中形容詞也佔一定比例,一般考查有關形容詞或副詞的一些搭配,但絕大部分考查形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級。
一、 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
①一般的比較級和最高級在形容詞或副詞後加-er或-est,如:small --- smaller --- smallest
② 以不發音-e結尾的形容詞或副詞直接加 –r或 –st,如
large --- largest --- largest
③ 重讀閉音節詞尾是一個輔音字母的,需雙寫該輔音字母,再加-er或-est。
④ 以輔音字母加 y 結尾的形容詞和副詞,把「y」變「i」,再加 –er或-est.
busy---busier---busiest
happy---happier---happiest
但一些雙音節及多音節形容詞或副詞前要加more和most,如:
slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly
difficult---more difficult---most difficult
beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful
但還有一些不規則的變化:
good / well---better---best
many---more---most
bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst
little---less---least
far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest
二、 形容詞和副詞的等比句型
①as…as… 和……一樣
I』m as tall as you.
② not as(so)…as 不和…… 一樣(在否定句中常用so 來代替as)如,
I can』t run so fast as you.
另外as…as possible 為固定結構,如,as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。
在以上兩個句型中形容詞或副詞一定要用原級。
三、形容詞和副詞的其它句型還有:
① 形容詞/ 副詞 比較級 + than 句型 ,在than 後面的人稱代詞 用主語和賓語均可。
He is older than I / me.
但是如果人稱代詞後有動詞時,則只能用主格形式。如,
Tom found more red leaves than I did.
② 「the + 比較級, the + 比較級」 結構表示兩個變化一起發生。如, The more you learn, the more you』ll know.
③ 「more and more」結構(指兩個形容詞比較級用and 連接)表示持續不斷的變化。 如: I』m getting thinner and thinner.
四、修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級的副詞要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等,very不能和比較級連用。如:
The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.
昨天我買的襯衣比較便宜。
To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.
打籃球對於男孩子來說要有趣得多。
五、形容詞的一些搭配,如:
be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高興做某事
be sorry to do 很抱歉,很遺憾做某事
be sure to do 一定/相信會做某事
be ready to do 准備好做某事,樂於做某事
get ready to do 為……做好准備 等等。
下面我們來看一些例題。
1. The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.
A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river
D. the long river
答案:A
2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?
A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than
答案:C
3. Which shirt do you like ___, the white one or the blue one?
A. better B. good C. best D. much
答案:A
4. I don』t feel ___ to go to work today. I』m ill.
A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good
答案:B
5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.
A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more
答案:C
下面請大家自己做以下練習。
1. Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
答案:D
2. This picture book is not ___ that one.
A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than
D. interesting as
答案:A
3. This article is ___ than that one.
A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy
答案:A
4. The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.
A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer
答案:C
5. You must keep your room ___ and tidy.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned
答案:C
上面我們已經講了動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞的用法。
中考中當然也會涉及到其他諸如代詞、數詞、介詞、和連詞等的用法。
下面我就簡單提醒大家每類詞需注意的地方。
1. 代詞
同學們需掌握以下不定代詞:
all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no以及由some, any, no, every構成的合成詞如 nobody等,並注意不定代詞的定語後置,如something English
2. 數詞
同學們需要記住一些特殊拼寫的序數詞。
如:第1--- first 第2--- second 第3--- third 第5--- fifth 第9--- ninth
第12--- twelfth 第20--- twentieth
另外需要記住以下短語:
hundreds of 數以百計
thousands of 數以千計
tens of thousands of 數以萬計
several millions of好幾百萬
但表示確切的百或千時不能用復數形式,如:
ten thousand
three million
3. 介詞的考察內容主要是介詞短語,特別是那些有固定搭配和固定用法的介詞短語。這類短語比較多,這里我不再一一贅述,大家可以看《初中英語復習指導》第204頁至208頁上的片語。但我要特別提幾個以前舊教材所沒有的短語,請大家注意。
如, speak highly of高度贊揚
regard… as …視為,把……看做……
make a contribution to doing sth 為……做貢獻
4. 連詞
同學們需要特別記憶以下連詞或連詞短語:
neither…nor…
either…or…
not only…but also…
both…and…
前三個短語引導主語時,謂語動詞需遵循就近原則。
如, Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不正確。
Either Lucy or Lily is going there. 不是Lucy就是Lily要去那兒。
那麼both…and…連接主語時,謂語動詞要用復數形式。
如, Both Lucy and Lily are going there.
句子的種類
1.應特別注意掌握的簡單句
有介詞的特殊疑問句
在特殊問句中,作為介詞賓語的疑問代詞可以與介詞分離,放在句首,而把介詞放在句尾。如,
Whom do you travel with?
當然,也可以把介詞放在句首。總之,不要把介詞丟掉。
有插入語的特殊疑問句
在特殊問句中,經常可以看到這樣的句子:
Where do you think they may go?
其中,do you think 是疑問式插入語,其餘部分是think的賓語從句。注意,疑問式插入語同句子的其餘部分不用逗號分開。疑問式插入語還有do you hope, do you guess 等。
在肯定句中也有插入語。如:
That man, I guess, is neither a policeman nor a soldier.
在肯定句的插入語要用逗號與句子的其他部分分開。去掉插入語,該句子仍然是個完整的句子。
You』d better (not)… (do sth.) 這個說法常用於提出「勸告,建議,告戒」。 比較委婉的有禮貌的說法是 Would you like …? 或 What about (doing)…?。 如,
It』s too dark. You』d better leave at once.
I』m afraid (that) …
I』m afraid (that) I can』t go with you today.
常用來委婉地表示自己的看法或預料一件令人不悅的事情。
2.並列句
並列句的考查重點是並列連詞。並列連詞有and, or, but, both… and, neither… nor, either… or, not only… but also…等。
3.復合句
復合句考查的主要內容是賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句。
① 賓語從句
賓語從句的考查要點是:時態的呼應、人稱的一致、詞序等。
A.賓語從句的連接詞:
賓語從句本身是敘述句是,用that 引導。
He said (that) he would leave on March 12 next weeek.
賓語從句本身是特殊疑問句時,用疑問詞引導。
Do you know where we can find our teacher?
賓語從句本身是一般疑問句時,用if 或whether引導。
I don』t know if / whether he has done that.
B. 賓語從句與主句時態的呼應。
主句謂語是現在時和將來時的時候,賓語從句的動詞時態不受影響。如,It is said that the panda was sent to America last month.
主句是過去時態,從句謂語要做適當調整:
a) 由現在時調整為過去時。
I didn』t know you were also here.
b) 由將來時調整為過去將來時
He said that he would go to Beijing the next week.
c) 過去時態多數不受影響,但「一般過去時」常調整為「過去完成時」,尤其是從句中有before, since 一類的時間狀語時,多調整為「過去完成時」如:
She said she had worked at this school before her father came to this city.
② 狀語從句。
狀語從句有時間狀語從句(常由when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等詞引導)、地點狀語從句(常有where 引導)、原因狀語從句(常有because, since, as 引導,這三詞所表達的語氣由because到as逐漸減弱,由why提出的問題必須用because 來回答), 條件狀語從句(常由if引導)、結果狀語從句(常由such … that…, so…that…, so that等引導 )、讓步狀語從句(常由though, although引導)。
③另外,今年新加了一個定語從句,其考查內容主要是正確使用關系代詞{who(指人)、that(指人或物)、which(指物)} , etc. 定語從句一般緊跟在修飾詞的後面,如:
She is the person who I want to see. 她就是我想見到的人。
有時,為了使句子平衡,也可把定語從句與所修飾詞分開。同學們還記得這樣一句話嗎?Then a screen came up that read, 「Congratulations!」 這是第三冊第54課中的一個句子。
下面我們來看一些例子:
1. The traveller was ___ tired that she couldn』t walk on.
A. so B. very C. too D. quite
答案:A
2. Do you know ___ ten years ago?
A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where did he live
D. where he lived
答案:D
3. He didn』t go home ___ he finished the work.
A. since B. if C. because D. until
答案:D
4. I was reading the newspaper ___ I heard a loud shout outside.
A. while B. when C. though D. as
答案:B
5. I don』t know the man ___ is cleaning the door.
A. that B. where C. what D. who
答案:D
好,接下來大家自己做以下練習。
1. I didn』t remember ___ the woman before.
A. where I had seen B. where I have seen C. where had I seen
D. where have I seen
答案:A
2. It was raining heavily ___ we got to Paris.
A. while B. if C. when D. because
答案:C
3. The plane hasn』t arrived. Can you tell me ___?
A. what time is the plane late B. why is the plane late
C. why the plane is late D. what time the plane is late
答案:C
4. I don』t know if ___tomorrow?
A. it doesn』t rain B. the rain will stops C. the rains won』t stop
D. it won』t rain
答案:D